JPH09284910A - Electric car - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [PROBLEMS] To improve the operability of switch operation in an electric vehicle and to reliably perform maintenance work of various electric components. SOLUTION: A main switch 15 arranged in an electric circuit of an electric motor 11 and a main battery 16 is provided with a switch piece 17 operated by energizing a relay coil 18, and the main switch 15 is provided with an ignition key switch 29 or a service. The ignition key switch 2 is operated by opening and closing the switch 31.
It is possible to supply and disconnect electric power to the electric motor 11 by operating 9, and at the time of inspection and maintenance of the vehicle, simply disconnect the service switch 31 to stop the supply of electric power from the main battery 16 to the electric circuit. Enable inspection and maintenance.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electric vehicle that travels by driving and rotating wheels by an electric motor, and more particularly to an electric circuit thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, it has been desired to put into practical use, for example, a hybrid electric vehicle that suppresses the generation of exhaust gas due to the problem of the global environment. Especially, delivery work is performed in a city where environmental problems are severe. Application to trucks is desired. This hybrid electric vehicle is equipped with a prime mover and a generator, a battery, an electric motor, etc., and selectively uses the electric power stored in this battery, or the power generated by the generator when the prime mover drives, This electric power drives the electric motor, and rotationally drives the drive wheels drivingly connected to the output shaft of the electric motor to drive the vehicle.

FIG. 2 shows an electric circuit in a conventional electric vehicle. As shown in FIG. 2, the electric motor controller 002 of the electric motor 001 drivingly connected to the drive wheels of the vehicle is a main relay.
A main battery 006 is connected to the electric motor controller 002 via a main fuse 004 and a main switch (breaker switch) 005.
A charging connector 009 for external charging is connected to the main battery 006 via a fuse 007 and a charging relay 008. Also, the generator controller 0
A generator 011 having 10 is connected to a motor controller 012 and a main battery 006 via a fuse 012.
Further, the auxiliary battery 013 is connected to the main battery 006 via the DC converter 014, the fuse 015, and the main switch 005.
It is connected to the. The auxiliary battery 013 is connected to a lighting system electric component 016 such as a head lamp and a stop lamp of a vehicle, and a control system 018 of an audio or electric motor controller 002 is connected via an ignition key switch 017. Also air conditioning system 019
Is connected to the main battery 006 via an air conditioner relay 020 and a fuse 021.

Therefore, the main switch 005 is turned on to bring it into a connected state, and the ignition key switch 017 is turned on.
Then, the relays 003, 008, 020 are energized,
The electric power stored in the main battery 006 is 0
It is supplied to the electric motor controller 002 and the electric motor 001 via 05 and the like, and by operating the electric motor controller 002, the drive wheels drivingly connected to the electric motor 001 can be rotationally driven to drive the vehicle. Then, when the power stored in the main battery 006 decreases, the generator controller 010 is operated to operate the generator 011 and the generated power is stored in the main battery 006 and supplied to the motor controller 002 and the motor 001. , Drive the electric motor 001 to drive the vehicle. When the electric power stored in the main battery 006 decreases, it is possible to stop the vehicle and use the charging connector 009 to charge the main battery 006 from an external power supply facility.

[0005]

By the way, in such an electric vehicle, when not in use, the main switch 005 is turned off together with the ignition key switch 017.
Then, the main battery 006 and the electric circuit are disconnected. That is, when the main battery 006 and the electric circuit are connected, power is consumed by the elements such as the controllers 003 and 010, the charge amount of the main battery 006 is reduced, and the traveling distance of the vehicle is shortened. .
Further, if the elements such as the controllers 003 and 010 are always energized, the service life will be shortened and the replacement frequency of the components will be increased.

When the electric vehicle is not used,
Main switch 0 together with ignition key switch 017
It is troublesome to disconnect 05 each time. The main switch 005 is located near the driver's seat in consideration of operability.
For example, although it is provided between the left and right front seats, it becomes a large switch because a high voltage is used. Therefore, since the main switch 005 occupies a large space, there is a problem that the passenger compartment becomes narrow and the degree of freedom in design is lost.

Therefore, by disposing the main switch 005 outside the passenger compartment, for example, in the trunk or the like, and making it openable / closable by a relay, and energizing this relay by switching the ignition key switch 017 provided near the driver's seat. It is considered that the main switch 005 can be opened and closed. By the way, when inspecting and maintaining an electric vehicle, the main battery 0
The electric equipment 016 for lighting is operated by the electric power of the auxiliary battery 013 instead of 06, and maintenance is performed. Further, when the control system 018 of the audio or electric motor controller 002 is maintained, the ignition key switch 017 is turned on, and similarly, the electric power system 016 of the lighting system is operated by the power of the auxiliary battery 013 to perform the maintenance. The auxiliary battery 013 is charged with low-voltage power converted by the DC converter 014 while the main switch 005 is connected, and the worker is working in this state. However, as mentioned above,
Ignition key switch 017 considering operability
If the main switch 005 can be connected / disconnected via the relay by opening / closing, the main switch 005 will be turned ON if the ignition key switch 017 is turned ON during maintenance of the control system 018 of the audio or motor controller 002. As a result, high voltage power flows into the electric circuit.

Incidentally, examples of such a device include, for example, JP-A-56-115102 and JP-A-57-7270.
There is one disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2.

The present invention solves such a problem, and an object thereof is to provide an electric vehicle capable of improving the operability of switch operation and surely performing maintenance work of various electric components. And

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION To achieve the above object, an electric vehicle according to the present invention comprises an electric motor connected to driving wheels of a vehicle, and a driving apparatus mounted on the vehicle for supplying electric power to the electric motor. A power supply device; a control unit arranged in a first electric circuit between the electric motor and the driving power supply device to control a current; and a power supply unit provided in the first electric circuit for energizing an exciting unit. A drive power connection / disconnection switch device having a relay switch section for connecting / disconnecting the first electric circuit according to the above, an auxiliary power source mounted on the vehicle and capable of energizing the exciting section, the exciting section and the auxiliary power source. And a vehicle start switch device provided in the driver's seat of the vehicle for connecting and disconnecting the second electric circuit to switch the vehicle between a start state and a stop state. In an electric car equipped with
A maintenance switch device is provided which is disposed in the second electric circuit and which connects and disconnects the second electric circuit to put the vehicle into a serviceable state regardless of an operating state of the vehicle start switch device. It is what

Therefore, when the vehicle start switch device and the maintenance switch device are brought into the connected state, the second electric circuit is brought into the connected state, and the first electric circuit is energized from the auxiliary power source to the exciting part of the drive power connection / disconnection switch device. Is connected,
Electric power is supplied from the driving power supply device to the electric motor, and the electric motor allows the driving wheels of the vehicle to rotate and travel. Then, when the maintenance switch device is disconnected, the first electric circuit is disconnected by stopping the energization from the auxiliary power source to the excitation part of the drive power connection / disconnection switch device, and the drive power supply device supplies power to the motor. Is not supplied, and it is possible to reliably inspect and maintain the vehicle.

In the electric vehicle of the present invention, the size and weight of the electric vehicle can be reduced by using a battery device including one or more batteries as a driving power source device mounted on the vehicle and supplying electric power to the electric motor. Further, by using the power supply device for driving as a power generation device, continuous traveling becomes possible. Further, by configuring the driving power supply device from the battery device and the power generation device, a hybrid electric vehicle is formed, and the electric power charged in the battery device and the electric power generated by the power generation device are selectively used to efficiently drive the vehicle. Is possible.

In the electric vehicle of the present invention, the auxiliary power source mounted on the vehicle is a battery device charged from the driving power source device, so that the auxiliary power source is always charged with sufficient power. Become.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

In the electric vehicle of the present invention, the left and right drive wheels are drivingly connected to the output shaft of the electric motor mounted on the vehicle, and the electric power source device for driving is connected to the electric motor. A control means is disposed in the first electric circuit between the apparatus and the device, and by controlling the electric power of the driving power supply device by the control means, a predetermined amount of electric power is supplied to the electric motor to rotationally drive the drive wheels. You can do it. A drive power connection / disconnection switch device is provided in the first electric circuit, and the drive power connection / disconnection switch device has an exciting portion and connects / disconnects the first electric circuit in response to energization of the exciting portion. It has a relay switch section. In addition, the vehicle is equipped with an auxiliary power supply capable of energizing the excitation part of the drive power connection / disconnection switch device, and a second electric circuit between the excitation part of the drive power connection / disconnection switch device and the auxiliary power supply is installed. A vehicle start switch device is provided for connecting and disconnecting the second electric circuit to switch the vehicle between a start state and a stop state. This vehicle start switch device is provided in the driver's seat in consideration of operability.

In such an electric vehicle, according to the present invention, in the second electric circuit between the exciting part of the relay switch part and the auxiliary power source in the drive power connection / disconnection switch device, the second electric circuit is connected. There is provided a maintenance switch device for connecting and disconnecting the vehicle start switch device so that the vehicle can be maintained regardless of the operating state of the switch device.

Therefore, when the vehicle is traveling, when the vehicle start switch device and the maintenance switch device are connected, the second electric circuit is brought into a connected state, and the auxiliary power source energizes the exciting portion of the drive power connection / disconnection switch device. As a result, the relay switch portion is activated to bring the first electric circuit into the connected state, and electric power is supplied from the driving power supply device to the electric motor, and the electric drive wheel of the vehicle is rotatably driven by the electric motor to drive the vehicle. it can. When the vehicle is inspected and serviced, if the maintenance switch device is disconnected, the auxiliary power supply stops energizing the excitation part of the drive power connection / disconnection switch device, causing the relay switch part to deactivate and (1) The electric circuit is disconnected, and electric power is not supplied from the drive power supply device to the electric motor, so that the vehicle can be reliably inspected and maintained.

As described above, in the electric vehicle of the present invention, the drive power connection / disconnection switch device for relay operation is provided in the electric circuit of the electric motor and the drive power supply device, and the drive power connection / disconnection switch device is excited. A large-sized drive power connection / disconnection switch device is operated by providing a vehicle start switch device and a maintenance switch device for connecting / disconnecting the second electric circuit in the second electric circuit between the control section and the auxiliary power source. It is not necessary to provide it in the vicinity of the seat, and only a small maintenance switch device needs to be provided in the vicinity of the driver's seat, which improves operability and widens the passenger compartment. In addition, for inspection and maintenance of the vehicle, it is possible to stop the supply of electric power from the drive power supply device to the first electric circuit simply by disconnecting the maintenance switch device, and to make the inspection and maintenance possible. The operability of inspection and maintenance is improved.

Further, in the electric vehicle of the present invention, the driving power supply device which is mounted on the vehicle and supplies electric power to the electric motor is a battery device including one or more batteries, so that the driving power supply device is small and lightweight. Can be converted. Further, by using this driving power supply device as a power generation device, it is possible to always secure sufficient electric power, and continuous running becomes possible. Then, the driving power supply device may be composed of the battery device and the power generation device. In this case, by selecting a hybrid electric vehicle, the electric power charged in the battery device and the electric power generated by the power generation device are selected. It can be used efficiently for efficient driving.

In the electric vehicle of the present invention, the auxiliary power source mounted on the vehicle is a battery device charged from the driving power source device, so that the auxiliary power source is always charged with sufficient power. Become.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an electric circuit in an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the electric vehicle of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the electric motor controller 12 of the electric motor 11 drivingly connected to the drive wheels of the vehicle has a main relay 13, and the electric motor controller 12 has a main relay. Fuse 1
4 and a main switch (breaker switch) 15 as a drive power connection / disconnection switch device, to which a main battery 16 as a drive power supply device is connected. The main switch 15 has a pair of switch pieces 17 and a relay coil 18 as an exciting unit to form a relay switch. The switch piece 17 is closed by energizing the relay coil 18 to connect an electric circuit described later. Is to be done.

A charging connector 21 for external charging is connected to the main battery 16 via a fuse 19 and a charging relay 20. A generator 23 having a generator controller 22 is connected to the electric motor controller 12 and the main battery 16 via a fuse 24. Further, the auxiliary battery 25 is the DC converter 2
6, the fuse 27, and the main switch 15 (switch piece 17) are connected to the main battery 16.
Therefore, the auxiliary battery 25 is charged with sufficient electric power from the main battery 16 with the main switch 15 closed. The auxiliary battery 25 is connected to a lighting system electrical equipment 28 such as a vehicle headlamp or a stop lamp, and a control system 30 for an audio or electric motor controller 12 is connected via an ignition key switch 29 as a vehicle start switch device. It is connected.

Also, this ignition key switch 2
9 is connected to the relay coil 18 of the main switch 15 via a service switch 31 as a maintenance switch device. That is, the service switch 31 is normally closed, and when the ignition key switch 29 is closed, the current from the auxiliary battery 25 flows through the ignition key switch 29 and the service switch 31 to the relay coil 18 of the main switch 15 to relay. When the switch is operated, the switch piece 17 is closed by the relay coil 18, and the electric circuit is connected. The air conditioner system 32 has an air conditioner relay 33.
Also, it is connected to the main battery 16 via a fuse 34.

Therefore, when the vehicle is driven, the service switch 31 is normally closed and in the connected state. Therefore, when the ignition key switch 29 is set in the connected state, the electric power of the auxiliary battery 25 passes through the ignition key switch 29 and the service switch 31. And is supplied to the relay coil 18 of the main switch 15. Therefore, the relay switch is actuated, the switch piece 17 is closed, the electric circuit is connected, and the relays 13, 20, 33, etc. are energized, and the electric power stored in the main battery 16 is transferred to the electric motor controller 12 and It is supplied to the electric motor 11. Then, by operating the electric motor controller 12 to drive the electric motor 11 and rotationally drive the drive wheels of the vehicle, the vehicle can be driven.

Further, when the vehicle is stopped, the ignition key switch 29 is simply disconnected so that the auxiliary coil 25 to the relay coil 1 of the main switch 15 is disconnected.
8 is stopped, the relay switch is deactivated and the switch piece 17 is opened, so that the main battery 16 can be easily
It is possible to disconnect the electric circuit from the electric motor controller 12 and the electric motor 11 to disconnect the electric circuit.

On the other hand, when the vehicle is inspected and maintained, if the service switch 31 is turned off, the auxiliary battery 25
When the power supply from the main switch 15 to the relay coil 18 is stopped, the relay switch is deactivated, the switch piece 17 is opened, and the power supply from the main battery 16 to the electric motor controller 12 and the electric motor 11 is cut off. , The electric circuit is disconnected. Therefore, a high voltage does not flow in the electric circuit, the operator can reliably inspect and maintain the vehicle, and the vehicle can be put into the maintenance possible state.

As described above, in the electric vehicle of the present invention, the main switch 15 disposed in the electric circuit of the electric motor 11 and the main battery 16 is provided with the switch piece 17 which is operated by energizing the relay coil 18. Since the main switch 15 is operated by opening / closing the ignition key switch 29, it is not necessary to provide the large-sized main switch 15 near the driver's seat, and the electric power to the electric motor 11 is operated by operating the ignition key switch 29. Can be supplied and disconnected, the operability is improved, and the passenger compartment is enlarged. Further, the main switch 15 is provided with the service switch 31 for activating the relay coil 18, and the service switch 31 is arranged in the vicinity of the driver's seat, so that the service switch 31 is simply disconnected for inspection and maintenance of the vehicle. The power supply from the main battery 16 to the electric circuit can be stopped, and the operability for inspection and maintenance is improved.

In the above embodiment, the electric vehicle of the present invention is a hybrid electric vehicle in which the electric motor 11 is driven by the electric power stored in the main battery 16 and the electric power obtained by driving the generator 23. However, even if the electric motor 11 is driven only by the electric power stored in the main battery 16, or the electric motor 11 is driven only by the electric power obtained by driving the generator 23. It's good.

[0031]

As described above with reference to the embodiments, according to the electric vehicle of the present invention, the drive power supply device for supplying electric power to the electric motor connected to the drive wheels of the vehicle is connected to the electric motor. A relay for connecting and disconnecting the first electric circuit in response to the energization of the exciting unit in the first electric circuit by arranging control means for controlling electric power in the first electric circuit between the power source device for driving A drive power connection / disconnection switch device having a switch part is provided, and an auxiliary power supply capable of energizing the excitation part is provided to connect / disconnect the second electric circuit in a second electric circuit between the excitation part and the auxiliary power supply. Since the vehicle start switch device is provided in the driver's seat and the maintenance switch device is provided to connect and disconnect the second electric circuit to enable maintenance regardless of the operating state of the vehicle start switch device, a large-sized drive is provided. Install a power connection / disconnection switch device near the driver's seat It is not necessary to install only a small maintenance switch device near the driver's seat, which can improve operability, widen the passenger compartment, and improve habitability. At times, it is possible to stop the supply of electric power from the driving power supply device to the electric circuit simply by disconnecting the maintenance switch device, and improve the safety of inspection and maintenance.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an electric circuit diagram of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram of a conventional electric vehicle.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 electric motor 12 electric motor controller 15 main switch (driving power connection / disconnection switch device) 16 main battery (driving power supply device) 18 relay coil (excitation unit) 23 generator 25 auxiliary battery (auxiliary power supply) 29 ignition key switch (vehicle start switch) Device) 31 Service switch (Maintenance switch device)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An electric motor connected to drive wheels of a vehicle, a drive power supply device mounted on the vehicle for supplying electric power to the electric motor, and a first electric device between the electric motor and the drive power supply device. Driving power having a control means arranged in the circuit for controlling the electric current, and a relay switch portion provided in the first electric circuit for connecting and disconnecting the first electric circuit in response to energization of the exciting portion. A connection / disconnection switch device, an auxiliary power source mounted on the vehicle and capable of energizing the exciting unit, and arranged in a second electric circuit between the exciting unit and the auxiliary power source and a driver's seat of the vehicle. An electric vehicle provided with a vehicle start switch device for connecting and disconnecting the second electric circuit to switch the vehicle between a start state and a stop state, the electric vehicle being disposed in the second electric circuit; By connecting and disconnecting the second electric circuit, the vehicle start switch is connected. An electric vehicle provided with a maintenance switch device that makes the vehicle maintainable regardless of the operating state of the gear device.