JPH09273736A - Surface melting furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To permit highly efficient and stabilized melting treatment of different kinds of matters to be molten at all times by one set of a surface melting furnace. SOLUTION: A surface melting furnace is constituted so that a burner 8 is provided in the ceiling wall 4 of a furnace main body to heat and melt the outer surface of matters to be molten, which are pushed out onto a slanted hearth 2 by a pusher 7 and laminated so as to have the shape of layers, and molten slag is guided into a slag tap 5, provided on the hearth 2. In this case, a gate 20 is arranged elevatably at the upper part of the supplying unit of matters to be molten into a furnace main body and the laminated configuration of the matters to be molten, which are supplied on the hearth 2 in accordance with the angle of repose of the matters to be molten, is changed by the adjustment of the elevating position of the gate 20.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a melting furnace for melting and processing combustion residues, fly ash, non-combustible crushed waste, etc. generated by incineration of municipal solid waste and industrial waste. The present invention relates to a surface melting furnace capable of performing stable melting processing with high efficiency even if the temperature changes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in order to reduce the volume and harmlessness of incineration residues and fly ash discharged from incinerators such as municipal solid waste, attention has been paid to a method of melting and solidifying incineration residues and the like, which are actually put to practical use. Has been done. By melting and solidifying incineration residues, etc., the volume can be reduced to 1/2 to 1/3. At the same time, prevention of elution of harmful substances such as heavy metals, reuse of molten slag, and extension of the life of the final landfill disposal site, etc. Because it becomes possible.

As a method for melting and solidifying the incineration residue and the like, an arc melting furnace, a plasma arc furnace, an electric resistance furnace, etc. are used to melt and solidify a material to be melted by electric energy, and surface melting. A method of using a furnace, a swirling melting furnace, a coke bed furnace, etc. to melt and solidify the material to be melted by the combustion energy of the fuel is often used, and when the power generation equipment is installed in parallel with the municipal waste incineration equipment, The former method of using electric energy and the latter method of using combustion energy are often used when the power generation equipment is not collocated. Incidentally, in the latter method of melting and solidifying using combustion energy, a melting and solidifying processing facility using a liquid fuel such as kerosene or heavy oil as an energy source has been widely used.

FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are explanatory views showing an example of a melting and solidifying treatment equipment for a combustion residue etc. using a liquid fuel arranged in parallel with the conventional refuse incineration treatment equipment. In FIG. 6 and FIG. Is a furnace body, 2 is a furnace bottom, 3 is a furnace side wall, 4 is a furnace ceiling wall, 5 is a slag tap, 6 is a molten material supply path, 6a is a hopper, 7 is a pusher, 8 is kerosene burner, and 9 is high-temperature smoke. road,
10 is a water-sealed slag discharging conveyor, 11 is an air preheater, 12 is a fuel tank, 13 is an oil feed pump, 14 is a fuel control device, 15 is an air compressor, 16 is an air tank, 1
Reference numeral 7 is a forced air blower, 18 is an air supply duct, and 19 is an air amount adjusting damper (JP-A-5-104074, etc.).

The furnace body 1, which is the main part of the surface melting furnace, is
It is composed of a furnace bottom 2 which inclines inward, a furnace side wall 3 and a furnace ceiling wall 4, and a slag tap 5 is bored in the center of the furnace bottom 2. Further, a melted material supply passage 6 is provided above the side end portion of the furnace bottom 2, and an upper portion of the supply passage 6 serves as a hopper 6a. Further, the furnace side wall 3
A plurality of pushers 7 are provided in the furnace, and a burner 8 is provided in the furnace ceiling wall 4.

Liquid fuel such as heavy fuel oil A or kerosene is carried to a melting and solidification treatment facility by a lorry vehicle or the like, and stored in a fuel tank 12 as a whole. Further, the refuse incineration residue and fly ash are carried into the melting and solidification treatment facility from the refuse incineration facility by a conveyor (not shown), etc., and are stored in the hopper 6a of the surface melting furnace A, and then the melting furnaces are pushed by the plurality of pushers 7. The slag taps 5 are centered on the slag tap 5 and are stacked on the furnace bottom 2 in layers having a mortar-shaped outer surface. The liquid fuel pumped by the oil pump 13 is used as the air compressor 1
High-pressure air from 5 or steam (not shown) from the waste heat boiler of the refuse incinerator is atomized in the nozzle of the melting burner 8 and injected toward the melted material B in the melting furnace body 1. Then, high-temperature combustion air is supplied to this through the air supply duct 18, whereby the atomized fuel oil is burned. The operation of the melting burner 8 and the like are all controlled by the combustion control device 14. The slag that is heated and melted by the combustion flame from the melting burner 8 is discharged through the slag tap 5 onto the water-sealing type slag discharging conveyor 10, cooled and solidified, and then discharged to the outside. Further, the melting furnace body 1
The combustion gas inside is cooled by the air preheater 11 and then discharged into the atmosphere through a gas cooling facility (not shown).

By the way, in the conventional surface melting furnace as shown in FIG. 6, the position and the dimensional relationship between the furnace bottom 2 and the furnace ceiling wall 4 depend on the properties and the amount of the specific material B to be melted. The furnace main body 1 is designed by a method of determining. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the melted material B is matched with the unique angle of repose C of the specific melted material B to be processed.
The cut-out height dimension H ₁ of the supply part and the height dimension H ₂ between the melting burner 8 and the outer surface B _{1 of the} material to be melted are determined, and based on these dimensions H ₁ and H ₂ , The optimum form of the furnace for melting the melted material B and the stacked form of the melted material B stacked on the furnace bottom 2 are selected.

In other words, the conventional surface melting furnace of this kind is
All of them are designed with the first goal of performing a melting process on a specific material B to be melted under optimum conditions, and as a result,
When the properties and physical properties of the material to be melted B are substantially constant, it is possible to perform a stable melting process with extremely high efficiency.

However, in a practical surface melting furnace, it is usually the case that different types of melted materials B must be received and melted, and only specific types of melted materials B are to be processed. The equipment that accepts is almost rare. More specifically, in an actual surface melting furnace, the municipal solid waste incineration ash or dust, etc.
Crushed incombustibles, sludge, etc. are brought in. Then, for each of the various melted objects B that have been carried in, a method of melting only the municipal waste incineration residue alone, or a method of mixing and melting the municipal waste incineration residue and soot and dust (for example, a mixing ratio of 70: 3)
0), a method of mixing and melting municipal waste incineration residues, soot and dust, and crushed incombustibles (for example, mixing ratio 50: 30: 2)
0), a method in which only sludge alone is melt-processed, a method in which a large number of various objects to be melted are mixed and melt-processed, and the like are appropriately combined for successive melt-processing.

However, when various kinds of different melted materials B are melt-processed, the angle of repose C ₁ of each melted material B is different (for example, the angle of repose C _{1 of} dust is 15 to 20).
Angle of repose of refuse incineration residue C ₁ = 30 to 50 °, angle of repose of crushed incombustible material C ₁ = 30 to 60 °), and respective melted materials B
Melt processing alone or by mixing and melting (average angle of repose C ₁ changes depending on the mixing ratio)
Even if it does, the actual angle of repose C ₁ of the melted material B deviates largely from the optimum angle of repose C used in the design of the furnace body 1, and as a result, a stable melting process with high efficiency is achieved. Becomes difficult.

Even if the material B to be melted is an incineration residue from the same refuse incinerator, the incineration residue (material to be melted B) may change due to the quality change of the refuse to be incinerated. The properties and physical properties of will also change significantly. for that reason,
As in the case described above, the angle of repose C ₁ of the melted material B itself changes, and even the melted material B discharged from the same refuse incinerator is always melted under optimum conditions. Can't do it.

Specifically, for example, in a surface melting furnace in which the angle of repose (30 °) of a specific material B to be melted is designed as the angle of repose C, the angle of repose C ₁ is the designed angle of repose C = 30 °. When the smaller melted material B is subjected to the melting treatment, the pusher 7 is operated to move the melted material B to the furnace body 1 as the melting progresses and the slag flows out from the tip of the furnace bottom. When it is supplied to the inside, the melted material B on the furnace bottom 2 causes an avalanche phenomenon by the momentum of the supplied melted material B, whereby the unmelted melted material B is melted The phenomenon that it flows out into the slada tap 5 occurs frequently with. On the contrary, when the melted material B having the angle of repose C ₁ larger than the designed angle of repose C = 30 ° is melted, the melting progresses and the slag flows out from the tip of the furnace bottom. Then, even if the pusher 7 is operated, the tip of the melted material B does not move forward by a required distance, and as a result, the melted melted material B does not smoothly fall into the slag tap 5. Occurs, resulting in a decrease in the throughput of the melted material B.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has the above-mentioned problem in the conventional surface melting furnace of this kind, that is, when the type of the material B to be melted is changed and the repose angle C ₁ thereof is changed. The problem is that the melted material B cannot be melt-processed under the optimum conditions and the quality of the molten slag is changed or the melt-processing capacity is reduced. It is intended to provide a surface melting furnace capable of constantly and stably melting various kinds of melted objects B having different angles of repose C ₁ with a surface melting treatment furnace with high efficiency.

[0014]

According to the invention described in claim 1, the slag tap 5 is provided at the center of the furnace bottom 2 which is inclined inward, and the slag tap 5 is melted above the outer end of the furnace bottom 2. Material supply path 6
And a furnace main body 1 for stacking the material B to be melted in a layer having a mortar-shaped outer surface on the furnace bottom 2 around the slag tap 5 and a side wall 3 of the furnace main body 1. To be melted B, which has been transported from the melted material supply path 6
And a pusher 7 for supplying the inside of the furnace main body 1 to the ceiling wall 4 of the furnace main body 1, and the surface B ₁ of the stacked objects to be melted.
The burner 8 that heats and melts the melted material B and the supply unit that supplies the melted material B into the furnace body 1 are arranged so as to be movable up and down, and the melted material B that is supplied onto the furnace bottom 2 is stacked. The provision of the gate 20 for changing the form is the basic configuration of the invention.

The invention according to claim 2 further comprises a slag tap 5 at one end of the inclined furnace bottom 2 and a melted material supply passage 6 above the other end of the furnace bottom 2, and the furnace A furnace body 1 for stacking the melted material B on the bottom 2 in a layer having an inclined outer surface, and a melted material B which is provided on the side wall 3 of the furnace body 1 and is carried in from a melted material supply path 6 And a burner 8 provided on the ceiling wall 4 of the furnace body ₁ for heating and melting the surface B ₁ of the stacked objects to be melted, and a material to be melted into the furnace body 1. A basic configuration of the invention is provided with a gate 20 which is arranged in the vicinity of a supply unit for supplying B so as to be able to move up and down, and which changes the stacking form of the melted material B supplied onto the furnace bottom 2. To do.

[0016]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a main part of a surface melting furnace according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a disposition state of a gate 20. 1 and 2, the same parts and members as those in FIGS. 6 and 7 are designated by the same reference numerals. In FIGS. 1 and 2,
2 is a furnace bottom, 3 is a furnace side wall, 4 is a furnace ceiling wall, 5 is a slag tap, 6 is a molten material supply path, 7 is a pusher, 8 is a burner,
20 is a gate, 21 is a gate lifting device, and 22 is a sand seal.

In the gate 20, as shown in FIG. 1, the material B to be melted in the hopper 6a enters the furnace main body 1 through the material supply path 6 to be melted, and has a repose angle C ₁ on the furnace bottom 2. It is provided so as to be able to ascend / descend in the upward / downward direction above the supply section that is being drooled, and is configured to be lifted / lowered by a lifting / lowering device 21 such as a hydraulic cylinder according to a control signal from a remote automatic control device (not shown). .

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the gate 20 is vertically movable along the outer wall surface of the melted material supply path 6 with the furnace ceiling wall 4 inserted therethrough. Also,
The gate 20 has a forced cooling structure with water (or air) because when it is lowered to the lowest part, it becomes high temperature by receiving radiant heat from the inside of the furnace body 1. In this embodiment, the gate 20 is a water-cooled (or air-cooled) gate, but it goes without saying that the gate 20 may be a heat-resistant ceramic gate 20. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the airtightness of the sliding portion of the gate 20 is ensured by the sand seal, but it goes without saying that other sealing structures may be used.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described. First, the angle of repose C ₁ of the melted material B is the designed angle of repose C of the furnace body 1.
When it is almost close to the gate, the gate 20 is pulled up to the uppermost position as shown in FIG. On the contrary, when the angle of repose C ₁ of the melted material B is significantly smaller than the designed angle of repose C of the furnace body 1, the gate 20 is lowered to the lowest position as shown in FIG. Further, when the angle of repose C ₁ of the melted material B is slightly smaller than the designed angle of repose C of the furnace body 1, the descending amount of the gate 20 is appropriately adjusted as shown in FIG. It is adjusted so that the tip of the melted material B is almost on the tip of the furnace bottom 2. 3 and 4 show the case of the surface melting furnace in which the slag tap 5 is provided in the center of the furnace bottom 2 which is inclined inward, and FIG. It shows a case of a surface melting furnace in which a slag tap 5 is provided at one end.

The material to be melted B supplied from the hopper 6a through the material to be melted supply path 6 is pushed by the pusher 7 into the furnace body 1
It is pushed out in order. At this time, since the gate 20 is disposed above the supply part of the material B to be melted into the furnace, the gate 20 feeds the material to the furnace bottom 2 and the mortar-shaped outer surface on the furnace bottom 2. The layered form of the melted material B to be layered having the surface can be changed. That is, by adjusting the amount of elevation of the gate 20, the tip of the melted material B laminated on the furnace bottom 2 is located just near the tip of the furnace bottom 2, that is, the outer peripheral edge of the upper end of the slag tap 5. Adjusted to. As a result, the material B to be melted on the furnace bottom 2 is sequentially melted from the outer surface thereof and smoothly flows down into the slag tap 5, and even if the pusher 7 is operated, it is impacted at the time of extrusion and the like. The upper melted material B is never avalanche downward.

In the surface melting furnace according to the present invention, the gate 20 is moved up and down according to the angle of repose of the material to be melted B, and the position of the tip of the material to be melted B on the furnace bottom 2 is slagged. By locating it near the tap 5, the following melting processing operation of the material to be melted can be performed with high efficiency and stability. In the surface melting furnace having the slag tap 5 in the central portion of the furnace bottom 2 inclined inward, in the furnace bottoms 2 on both sides, the melted material B having an arbitrary angle of repose C ₁ is Melt processing at the same time. Simultaneous melting processing of the melted objects B having different angles of repose C ₁ on the left and right furnace bottoms 2, respectively. On the left and right furnace bottoms 2, a mixture of two or more kinds of melted materials B is mixed under a constant mixing ratio or a variable mixing ratio,
Melt processing at the same time.

Further, in the case of reducing the melting treatment amount in the melting furnace (in the case of low load operation state), the gate 20 is lowered to shorten the melting surface of the material B to be melted on the furnace bottom 2, It corresponds to the low load operation state.

Further, at the time of starting the melting furnace or after starting the overhaul, when the melted material B is charged into the furnace and the melting slope of the melted material B is formed on the bottom of the furnace, the gate 20 is set. If it is lowered to the lowest part, when the material B to be melted is thrown into the furnace, it will bounce or fall on the bottom 2 of the furnace, and it will come out of the furnace from the unmelted slag tap 5. Can also be prevented. That is, the material to be melted B can be well fed into the furnace and deposited on the furnace bottom 2 in a meltable state, whereby the furnace can be smoothly and reliably sealed with the material to be melted B.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the slag tap 5 is provided at the center of the furnace bottom as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4.
The surface melting furnace having the configuration in which the hopper 6a for the material B to be melted, the furnace bottom 2, the pusher 7, the gate 20, and the burner 8 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center line thereof has been described.
As shown in FIG. 5, the slag tap 5 is provided at one end of the furnace bottom, and the hopper 6a for supplying the melted material B, the furnace bottom 2, the pusher 7, the gate 20, and the burner 8 are arranged only on one side thereof. Needless to say, the present invention can be applied to the surface melting furnace.

[0025]

According to the present invention, the material B to be melted is placed in the furnace body 1.
The gate 20 is arranged above and below the supply unit for supplying the molten metal, and by adjusting the vertical position of the gate 20, the melted material is fed into the furnace main body 1 and laminated in layers on the furnace bottom 2. The tip of B is just the slag tap 5 on the bottom 2
The laminated form is changed so as to be located near the tip end on the side. As a result, the melted material B to be melt-processed
Even if the type of change occurs and the angle of repose changes, as in the case of the conventional surface melting furnace, the unmelted melted material B drops into the slag tap in an avalanche state when the pusher 7 operates,
Alternatively, it is possible to completely prevent the occurrence of a trouble that the melted material B does not move smoothly and sufficiently when the pusher 7 is operated. Further, by adjusting the amount of raising and lowering of the gate 20, it is possible to easily cope with the low load operation of the surface melting furnace, and the initial filling of the melted material B can be performed extremely smoothly and quickly. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the present invention can always and efficiently melt different types of objects to be melted with a single surface melting furnace, and can also provide high quality and uniform quality granulated slag. It has an excellent practical utility that is obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a main part of a surface melting furnace according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an outline of a mounting state of a gate.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a laminated state of the melted object when the gate is pulled up in order to cope with the melted object having a large repose angle.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a stacked state of the melted object when the gate is lowered in order to cope with the melted object having a small repose angle.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an operating state of a gate of the surface melting furnace according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional surface melting furnace.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view showing a part of a furnace body of a conventional surface melting furnace.

[Explanation of symbols]

A: surface melting furnace, B: melted material, B ₁ : surface of layered melted material, C: design repose angle, C ₁ : repose angle of melted material, H
₁ : height of cutout part, H ₂ : height between burner and melting surface, 1: furnace body, 2: furnace bottom, 3: furnace side wall, 4: furnace ceiling wall, 5: slag tap, 6: melted Material supply path, 6a: hopper, 7: pusher, 8: burner, 9: high temperature flue, 1
0: Water-sealed slag discharging conveyor, 11: Air preheater,
12: Fuel tank, 13: Oil pump, 14: Fuel control device, 15: Air compressor, 16: Air tank, 17:
Push blower, 18: Air supply duct, 19: Air amount adjusting tamper, 20: Gate, 21: Gate lifting device, 22:
Sand seal.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Office reference number FI Technical display area F27B 3/18 B09B 3/00 ZAB F27D 3/14 303K // B29K 105: 26

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A slag tap (5) is provided in the center of a furnace bottom (2) inclined inward, and a melted material supply path (6) is provided above the outer end of the furnace bottom (2). And a furnace body (1) for stacking the melted material (B) on the furnace bottom (2) around the slag tap (5) in a layered form having a mortar-shaped outer surface, and the furnace body (1) A pusher (7) that is provided on the side wall (3) of 1) and that supplies the melted material (B) carried in from the melted material supply path (6) into the furnace body (1);
A burner (8) which is provided on the ceiling wall (4) of the furnace body (1) and heats and melts the surface (B ₁ ) of the laminated melted objects, and the melted material (B) into the furnace body (1). ) Is provided so as to be able to move up and down in the vicinity of a supply unit that supplies the melted material () to be supplied onto the furnace bottom (2) according to the angle of repose (C ₁ ) of the melted material (B) ( Gate (2) that changes the stacking form of B)
0) and a surface melting furnace. 2. A slag tap (5) is provided at one end of the inclined furnace bottom (2), and a melted material supply path (6) is provided above the other end of the furnace bottom (2). 2) A furnace main body (1) on which a material to be melted (B) is laminated in a layer having an inclined outer surface, and a side wall (3) of the furnace body (1), which is provided with a material to be melted supply path ( A pusher (7) for supplying the melted substance (B) carried in from 6) into the furnace body (1);
A burner (8) which is provided on the ceiling wall (4) of the furnace body (1) and heats and melts the surface (B ₁ ) of the laminated melted objects, and the melted material (B) into the furnace body (1). ) Is provided so as to be able to move up and down in the vicinity of a supply unit that supplies the melted material () to be supplied onto the furnace bottom (2) according to the angle of repose (C ₁ ) of the melted material (B) ( Gate (2) that changes the stacking form of B)
0) and a surface melting furnace.