JPH09244114A - Camera - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a photograph having image quality higher than that in a conventional film incorporated type camera and to photograph a low luminance object by fixing the optimum focusing distance of a photographic lens longer than that of the conventional film incorporated type camera and making a focal distance shorter than that of the conventional film incorporated type camera. SOLUTION: The focal distance of the photographic lens 2 is set <=28mm and the photographic lens 2 is fixed at a position where the optimum focusing distance is >=4m. For suitably photographing a distant view, it is preferable that the optimum focusing distance is infinite, but, as the optimum focusing distance, even if a distance, for instance 4m is set, when an aperture 3 is set at F11 like the conventional film incorporated type camera and the focal distance of the photographic lens 2 is set 28mm, the sharpness of focusing two times more than that in the conventional film incorporated type camera can be obtained. An optimum focusing distance of >=4m is sufficient. For obtaining a landscape photograph of higher image quality, it is preferable that the optimum focusing distance is set >=10m.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a camera, and in particular, it is suitable for a film-integrated camera which is preloaded with an unexposed film and is capable of taking a picture immediately.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the market for film-integrated cameras has grown rapidly. As is well known, since the film-integrated camera is required to be inexpensive and easy to use, the structure in which the focal position is changed according to the subject distance (focus adjustment function)
Also, it does not have a configuration (exposure adjustment function) that changes the exposure amount according to the subject brightness. Therefore, although it is possible to obtain a proper photograph under certain conditions, it cannot be said that it is impossible to obtain a proper photograph for all photographing conditions like a normal camera.

However, with the widespread recognition of film-integrated cameras, the film-integrated cameras are now used to shoot a wide variety of subjects, and the conditions that users demand for film-integrated cameras are diversifying year by year. I'm doing it. Therefore, there is a demand for a film-integrated camera capable of properly shooting under the shooting conditions strongly demanded by the user, even though it is not possible to properly shoot under all the shooting conditions. Therefore, in the development of a film-integrated camera, it is important to identify what the user is demanding and design so as to meet the demand as much as possible.

From the above viewpoints, in order to identify the demands of the film-integrated cameras of the users, which have been diversified year by year as described above, many photographs taken by the film-integrated camera were analyzed.

As a result of the analysis, it has been found that there are statistically a large number of users who photograph landscapes with a film-integrated camera. At the same time, while the photos of people are of high quality to some extent, the photos of landscapes are generally unfocused and do not have the feeling of being stale, and even for the eyes of non-professional general users. However, I also found that there are many things that can not be said to be a satisfactory finish.

The following items can be considered as the reason why many users shoot a landscape with a film-integrated camera. That is, most of the landscape photographs are taken from the top of the mountain or from the observatory of the mountain with a good view, and many of them are thought to have been taken when going on a mountain climb or a hike. Generally, people who climb or hike want to make their luggage as light as possible, so it is preferable to bring a film-integrated camera that is smaller and lighter than a normal camera. It is also considered that the film-integrated camera can be photographed only by an extremely simple operation, and is particularly favored by hikers who are not familiar with the camera.

For this reason, it is considered that many users photograph landscapes with the film-integrated camera, but the landscape photograph taken with the film-integrated camera has a problem in image quality as described above.

The cause is considered to be as follows. That is, in general, a film-integrated camera is required to shoot an object at a distance of about 1 m to infinity, and in order to satisfy this request without adjusting the focus, the object distance (usually sharp focus) is usually taken. (Most suitable focal length)
Fix the lens at a position where is about 2m, and set the aperture to F
It is fixed to about 9.5 to F11, and is configured so that an object at a distance of 1 m to infinity is within the depth of field. Therefore,
Although the subject is sharply focused on a subject in the vicinity of 2 m, as the subject distance is closer than 2 m or farther than 2 m, the subject becomes gradually less focused. Therefore, when only the landscape is shot, there is no sharply focused part, and the result is a photograph that does not feel like it is totally unsatisfactory, and it is not satisfactory to the unaided eye.

As described above, there is a demand for photographing a landscape with a film-integrated camera, and most landscape photographs taken with a film-integrated camera are unfocused. We discovered that there was a problem that users could not get satisfactory pictures.

Further, as a result of further detailed examination of landscape photographs taken by a film-integrated camera, it was discovered that many photographs do not have proper exposure. Considering this cause, in general, a film-integrated camera is required to shoot a subject in various brightness states without an exposure control function, so that it is possible to shoot a subject with a certain brightness, for example, an outdoor subject with light cloudiness. The ISO400 film is built in and the aperture is set to F9.5 to ensure proper exposure.
.About.F11, the shutter speed is set to about 1/100 to 1/125 second, and the built-in film latitude and the exposure amount correction at the time of printing enable photographing of subjects of various brightness.

However, in landscape photography, there are cases where a snow scene under strong sunlight and strong sunlight is photographed, and sometimes a dusky scene at dusk is photographed. The brightness difference may be large. As for low-brightness subjects, film-integrated cameras with built-in strobes have been commercialized, and in the case of human photography, proper photography is possible regardless of the brightness condition for subjects within 3-4 m. However, because the subject distance is long and the strobe light does not reach in landscape photography,
The problem of underexposure when shooting low-luminance landscapes has not been solved. Therefore, when shooting a low-luminance landscape such as dusk, the strobe light does not reach the landscape as described above, so there is a tendency for underexposure, and conversely, when shooting a snow scene under strong sunlight during the day, It tends to be overexposed.

As described above, in landscape photography, there is a demand for photography in a wider luminance range than in portrait photography, and it is necessary to take a wider range than can be properly photographed by a conventional film-integrated camera. I found that there was a problem that I could not get a proper landscape photograph.

Furthermore, as a result of the above-mentioned analysis, 3
I also discovered the fact that there are surprisingly many pictures that seem to have taken a 60 ° panoramic view. A 360 ° panoramic photograph is a 360 ° panorama in which the photographer shoots a plurality of photographs while changing the direction as appropriate and combines them.
It is a picture that allows you to see the scenery of the city at a glance with a long picture.

When taking such a 360 ° photograph,
Of course, a plurality of shootings are performed, but after the first shooting is finished, it is necessary to shoot a second shot so that a part of the first shot is included in the shooting range. . This is a guide for connecting the finished pictures, and if there is no such overlapping part,
This is because it becomes very difficult to connect photos. The larger this overlapping part, the more wasteful it will be, and it is desirable to minimize the overlap, but it is surprisingly difficult to capture multiple photos without waste and without omissions, Deciding how much direction to change while shooting is not an easy task. In fact, as a result of the above-mentioned analysis, there were some things that were taken in a rather useless way of shooting, and some that seemed to be missing partway through.

As described above, many users of the film-integrated camera want to obtain a 360 ° panoramic photograph, and it is important to take a 360 ° panoramic photograph without wasting the film. I have found the fact that it is very difficult for users of body cameras.

Further, as a result of further analysis, it was discovered that in many films, there were many films in which photographs of landscapes and photographs of alpine plants were mixed. It is considered that this is because, in mountain climbing, hiking, and the like, the frequency of photographing a landscape or an alpine plant is generally higher than the frequency of photographing a person or the like. As a result of further analysis of these photographs, as mentioned above, there are many photographs that do not seem to be out of focus for landscape photographs, but the photographs of alpine plants are out of focus more than landscape photography. There were many, and many of them had a rather poor finish. Considering the cause of poor image quality in photographs of alpine plants, alpine plants are often taken close-up at a distance of about 0.3 m to 0.8 m. This is because the integrated camera is not designed to be able to shoot at such a short distance, and if an alpine plant is photographed, it will be out of focus.

As described above, there are many demands for users who photograph landscapes to photograph alpine plants at the same time, and when landscape and alpine plants are photographed by a conventional film-integrated camera, neither is photographed properly. I found that there is a problem.

[0018]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the problems found by the above-mentioned analysis, which the conventional film-integrated camera has at the time of landscape photography.

A first object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive and easy-to-use camera capable of taking high-quality landscape photographs.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a camera capable of photographing a landscape with a wider range of brightness.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a camera which can easily take a 360 ° panoramic landscape photograph.

A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a camera capable of appropriately performing both close-up photography of a landscape and a short-distance subject such as an alpine plant.

[0023]

A first problem is a camera having a taking lens, a diaphragm, and a shutter, and the taking lens is always fixed at a fixed position, and the focal length of the taking lens is 28 mm. In addition to the following, the photographing lens is achieved by a camera characterized in that the optimum focusing distance is fixed at a position of 4 m or more.

The second object is to further have a manual operation member,
This is achieved by the above-mentioned camera characterized in that the aperture value of the aperture changes in conjunction with the operation of the manual operation member.

A third problem is that the camera has a taking lens, a diaphragm, a directional magnet arranged on the upper side of the camera body, and a plurality of scales attached to the directional magnet. Is achieved.

A fourth object is to have a camera body having an opening, a taking lens arranged at a position facing the opening, a viewfinder, a diaphragm, and a manually operable member that can be manually operated. In a camera capable of setting the optimum focusing distance of the taking lens to only one of the first distance and the second distance according to the operation of the manual operation member, the first distance is 4 m or more, The second distance is achieved by a camera characterized in that it is 0.8 m or less.

[0027]

First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a camera showing a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a film-integrated camera main body into which an unexposed film (not shown) is previously loaded. Has been done. Reference numeral 2 is a taking lens, and 3 is a fixed diaphragm. Further, 4 is a shutter release button, which is interlocked with the pressing of the shutter release button 4,
A shutter (not shown) is configured to open and close. Further, 5 is a finder.

Generally, the optimum focusing distance of the taking lens is H,
If the focal length is f and the aperture value is F, and the infinity can be within the blur limit, the following equation holds.

H = f ² / Fd If the closest shooting distance at this time is N, then N = H / 2.

Note that d is the diameter of the blurred circle, and the degree of sweetness of the focus of the finished photograph is determined by the size of d. The larger d is, the sweeter the focus is.
From the above equation, d = f ² / (H × F), and the lack of focus is determined by the focal length, the optimum focusing distance, and the aperture value.

Now, in a normal film-integrated camera, it is premised that a subject at about 1 m to infinity is photographed as described above. Therefore, there is no choice but to set H = 2000 rather than N = 1000. In addition, the focal length of the taking lens is about 30 m when taking various situations.
There is no choice but to design to m. Further, it is difficult to set the aperture to F11 or more in order to prevent the total sensitivity (system sensitivity) of the film-integrated camera from decreasing. Therefore, in the conventional film-integrated camera, the limit is about d = 0.045 mm from the above formula,
As described above, in the conventional film-integrated camera, when a photograph of a landscape or the like is stretched, the unsatisfactory focus is conspicuous, and the photograph cannot satisfy the user.

On the other hand, the film-integrated camera of the present invention is intended to limit the purpose of use to landscape photography.
Due to the nature of landscape photography, it is possible to set the focal length to a relatively wide angle (for example, 28 mm or less), and since it is almost unnecessary to consider the close-up distance at which photography is possible, the optimum focusing distance can be set arbitrarily. I can. In addition, in order to optimally shoot a distant view, it is preferable that the optimum focusing distance is infinity, but even if it is set to a certain distance, for example, 4 m,
If you set the aperture to F11 and set the focal length of the taking lens to 28 mm, as in the conventional film-integrated camera,
From the above equation, d = 0.017 mm, which makes it possible to reduce the size of the blur circle to 1/2 or less as compared with the conventional film-integrated camera, which is more than twice that of the normal film-integrated camera. The sharpness of the focus can be obtained. Therefore, the optimum focusing distance is 4 m or more,
The optimum focusing distance is 1 to obtain higher quality landscape photos.
It is desirable to set it to 0 m or more.

In order to obtain a photograph with sharp focus, it is preferable that the size of the blur circle is as small as possible, but it is about half that of the conventional film-integrated camera, that is, d.
If 0.02 or less, a sufficiently satisfactory image quality can be obtained even when the photograph is stretched.

By the way, in the conventional film-integrated camera, there is little room for selection of the optimum focusing distance and the focal length, because it is necessary to consider photographing various subjects as described above. Therefore, as a result, the diaphragm could not be opened more than F9.5, and it was difficult to improve the system sensitivity.

On the other hand, when the film-integrated camera is dedicated to landscape photography, the optimum focusing distance is set to a long distance,
Also, since the focal length can be made shorter, even if an aperture larger than that of a conventional film-integrated camera is adopted, the optimum focusing distance and focal length should be selected so as to satisfy d ≦ 0.02. Can be done. For example, if an F8 diaphragm is used, the optimum focusing distance is 5 m and the focal length is 25 mm.
Then, d becomes about 0.016. Therefore, in such a film-integrated camera, it is possible to improve the system sensitivity without deteriorating the focus, and it is possible to shoot a subject having a lower brightness.

In order to increase the system sensitivity, the more the aperture is opened, the more preferable it is. However, if the aperture is opened too much, the influence of the lens aberration becomes large and the image quality may be significantly deteriorated. , Preferably about F8. However, if the taking lens is composed of two or more lenses, the aberration of the lens can be corrected.
In particular, it is desirable to set it to about F5.6, and it is desirable to set it to about F9 to F2.5, especially about F3.5 in the case of a three-sheet structure.

Further, in a film-integrated camera, the shutter speed is usually set to 1/100 to 1/125 sec so as not to lower the system sensitivity. However, in the present invention, the shutter speed is shorter than that in the conventional film-integrated camera. Since the diaphragm can be opened, it is 1/100 to prevent camera shake.
It is possible to use a shutter faster than 1 second (for example, 1/150 second or less), without lowering the system sensitivity.
It is possible to prevent camera shake.

As described above, in the present invention, the optimum focusing distance is farther than that of a normal film-integrated camera, so that a photograph with sharp focus can be obtained when a landscape is photographed. Further, since it is possible to increase the system sensitivity as compared with a normal film-integrated camera, there is a high possibility that a low-luminance subject can be photographed. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a high-quality landscape photograph as compared with the conventional film-integrated camera, and to expand the low-luminance range in which landscape photography is possible.

In the film-integrated camera,
Generally, ISO400 film is built in, but the film sensitivity is not limited to ISO400.
Higher sensitivity film than 00 (eg ISO800,160
0, 3200, etc.) makes it possible to photograph a subject with lower brightness, which is advantageous for photographing at dusk and at sunrise.

On the contrary, even if a film having a low sensitivity of less than ISO400 (for example, a film such as ISO200, 100, 50, etc. is built in), it is possible to obtain a higher quality photograph than the conventional film-integrated camera. For example IS020
Comparing the film-integrated camera of the present invention, which has a built-in 0 film and an aperture of F8, with the conventional film-integrated camera having an aperture of ISO400, F11, both have the same system sensitivity. Generally, since the film with lower sensitivity has finer particles, ISO40
It is possible to obtain a high-quality photograph with the ISO200 film as compared with the 0 film, and the difference in image quality becomes remarkable when the image is stretched. Therefore, even when the low-sensitivity film is built in, it is possible to obtain a higher quality photograph while having the same system sensitivity as a conventional film-integrated camera.

Further, since a normal landscape photograph has a relatively low contrast, the photograph tends to look a little blunt, so a film having a slightly high contrast as a built-in film for improving this, for example, γ = on the film characteristic curve 0.65
Above all, it is particularly desirable to incorporate a film of 0.7 or more. In the case of a color film, it is desirable that all of the layers C, M, and Y have high contrast, but at least one of the layers may have high contrast.

By incorporating a high contrast film in this way,
Because you can get a picture with a high contrast to some extent, the picture will not be blunted and you will not see it,
Higher quality pictures can be obtained.

As a means for obtaining a high-quality photograph, it is possible to incorporate a brownie film instead of the 135 mm film. That is, with the Brownie film, a photograph of the same size can be obtained with a smaller stretch magnification than the 135 mm film, and improvement in image quality can be expected due to a reduction in the stretch magnification. Also,
In order not to make the size of the film-integrated camera as large as possible, it is preferable to use a semi-size screen size.
With this size, high-quality photographs can be obtained without making the film-integrated camera so large.

As described above, according to the present invention, the optimum focusing distance of the taking lens is fixed to a distance farther than that of the normal film-integrated camera, and the focal length is made shorter than that of the normal film-integrated camera. As compared to a film-integrated camera, it is possible to obtain a high-quality photograph, and it is possible to photograph a low-luminance subject.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

2 and 3 are perspective views showing a second embodiment of the present invention, and the same components as those of the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals. In both figures, 6 is a manual operation member, which is slidable in the left and right directions in the figures. Reference numeral 3 denotes a fixed diaphragm having a first diaphragm value and fixed to the film-integrated camera 1. Reference numeral 6 denotes a manual operation member, which has a movable aperture 6b having a second aperture value and is configured to be slidable right and left by an integrally formed operation knob 6a. Further, 7 is a photographing image frame, 8 is an objective lens, 9 is an eyepiece lens, and the manual operation member 6 is provided with a display portion 6c which moves in front of the objective lens 8.

In this embodiment, the first aperture value is set to F5.6 and the second aperture value is set to F11.

In the above structure, the movable diaphragm 6b is normally inserted behind the fixed diaphragm 3 with the optical axis 10 aligned with the taking lens 2 and the fixed diaphragm 3 as shown in FIG. It is set to F11. In this state, when the manual operation member 6 is slid to the right in the figure by the operation knob 6a, the movable diaphragm 6b is retracted from the optical path of the taking lens 2 as shown in FIG. 3, and only the fixed diaphragm 3 is left in the optical path. . Therefore, the aperture value at the time of shooting is set to F5.6. Further, as the manual operation member 6 slides, the display portion 6c is changed to the one shown in FIG.
It moves from the position shown in to the front of the objective lens 8 as shown in FIG. Therefore, by sliding the manual operation member 6, the aperture value is changed from F11 to F5.6, and the display portion 6c is displayed in the viewfinder.

With the above-described structure, when performing landscape photography during the daytime, when the manual operation member 6 is held in the position shown in FIG. 2, the aperture value of F11 which is the aperture value of the movable aperture 6b is taken. Taken in. Next, when photographing a scene of relatively low brightness in the morning and evening, when the manual operation member 6 is slid to the position shown in FIG.
Since the image is retracted from the optical path of, the aperture value is taken at F5.6 which is the aperture value of the fixed aperture 3, the system sensitivity is improved, and the exposure amount becomes low even for low-brightness subjects such as morning and evening. It made it possible to shoot without. Further, since the display portion 6c is inserted in the finder optical path,
The user can easily see that the mode has been switched by looking in the finder.

As described above, in the present invention, the exposure amount is usually set to be small (the aperture is small), and at dawn or in the evening, the exposure amount is switched to be large (the aperture is large) in accordance with the manual operation. With this configuration, it is possible to properly shoot both a high-luminance subject and a low-luminance subject.

Although the first aperture value is F11 and the second aperture value is F5.6 in this embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, but the first aperture value is F11. It is desirable that the aperture value is larger than F9 and the second aperture value is F9 or less.

The operation knob 6a is not limited to the sliding type structure, and for example, the optical axis 10 of the taking lens 2 is used.
The movable diaphragm 6 is pressed by a pressing operation in a direction substantially orthogonal to
The configuration may be such that b is retracted from the optical path of the taking lens.

Further, in order to prevent forgetting to return the manual operation member 6 to the position shown in FIG. 2, a movable diaphragm 6b is inserted into the optical path of the taking lens of the manual operation member 6 by a spring or the like as shown in FIG. It may be biased in the direction of.

Further, although the present embodiment has one fixed diaphragm and one movable diaphragm, a movable diaphragm member having two movable diaphragms is provided and the movable diaphragm member is moved in response to a manual operation. Thus, it is possible to alternately insert and remove the two movable diaphragms in the optical path of the taking lens.

Generally, it is not acceptable to force the user of the film-integrated camera to perform an operation of adjusting the exposure amount according to the brightness because it is contrary to the nature of the simple photographing of the film-integrated camera, but it is not accepted, for example. It is actually accepted to perform a single operation such as stroboscopic photography while pressing an operation button or sliding an operation lever before photographing. Therefore, when shooting in the evening and in the morning, even if the user requests the single operation as described above, the user does not feel any discomfort.

In this embodiment, the manual aperture is switched to a larger aperture (smaller aperture value), but the manual aperture is switched to a smaller aperture (aperture value). Can be increased).

As described above, according to the present invention, a subject having a wide range of brightness which cannot be covered by a normal film-integrated camera can be properly photographed with a simple structure and a simple operation.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a camera showing a third embodiment of the present invention, and the same components as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals. Reference numeral 11 is an azimuth magnet, around which graduations 12a to 12f are attached.

First, considering the angle of view of the photographic lens, the angle of view of the photographic lens is roughly determined by the following equation.

Α = 2 × tan ⁻¹ (a / 2f) where α: angle of view of the taking lens (°) f: focal length of the taking lens (mm) a: frame length in the longitudinal direction (mm) In the form, the taking lens has a focal length of 25.
mm, and since the film used is a normal 135 mm film, a = 36 mm, so α = 72 °
Becomes Therefore, it is possible to obtain a 360 ° spliced photograph by taking 5 shots at every 72 °, but it is better to take 6 shots at every 60 ° because there is no margin between frames.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the scales 12a to 12f obtained by dividing 360 ° into six equal parts are provided.

Therefore, when taking a 360 ° panoramic photograph using the film-integrated camera of this embodiment, first, one azimuth magnet is photographed according to any of the scales 12a to 12f, and one scale is taken. The second shot is taken with the direction changed by a minute, and a total of 6 shots (7 shots when the same subject is placed on the left and right sides of the joined photos) are taken in a similar manner. Moreover, it is possible to obtain a 360 ° panoramic photograph without omission.

In the present embodiment, an example is shown in which six images are taken using a lens having a focal length of 25 mm, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, with respect to the angle of view α ° of the photographing lens, the number of photographing times k is k ≧ 360
÷ There is no problem if it satisfies α. However, as described above, k may be selected so as to satisfy k ≧ 360 / (α × 0.95) in consideration of the manufacturing error and the margin for connecting the photographs.

Accordingly, the number of times of photographing k is k ≧ 360 / {2 × tan ⁻¹ (a / 2f) × 0.95}, where a: the width (mm) in the longitudinal direction of the film f: the focal length of the photographing lens Since it is sufficient to satisfy (mm), for example, in the case of a 135 mm film, the relationship between the number of times of photographing and the focal length is as shown in the table below.

[0066]

[Table 1]

It should be noted that the above-mentioned number of times of shooting k is the minimum number of times of shooting, and it may be configured to take any number of times as long as it is k times or more, but it is preferably about k times or k + 1 times to avoid waste. Therefore, the azimuth magnet may be graduated by dividing 360 ° into k equal parts or k + 1 equal parts. Therefore, the photographer can obtain a 360 ° panoramic photograph with less waste and without omission by performing extremely simple photographing in which the azimuth magnet is aligned with the scale and the images are sequentially photographed.

As described above, in the present invention, a 360 ° panoramic photograph can be obtained regardless of the focal length of the taking lens, but it is desirable that the taking lens has a wide angle to some extent from the viewpoint of user convenience. Is 28 mm or less, preferably 25 mm or less.

As described above, according to the present invention, even a general photographer who does not have a high-level photographing technique can obtain a proper 360 ° photograph very easily, which is a very excellent effect.

Further, in this embodiment, since the azimuth magnet is provided, the azimuth magnet having the indication of north and south is also used, so that the ordinary azimuth magnet can be used for simple trekking without the azimuth magnet. Since it can also be used as, the effects such as safety improvement, expansion of the range of interest, etc. will be further expanded.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

5 to 8 are perspective views showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and the same components as those in the second embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals. In FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, reference numeral 21 denotes a manual operation member, which is a short-distance visual field frame 21.
b is formed integrally. Further, the manual operation member 21 holds a first taking lens 22 and a second taking lens 23. Reference numeral 24 is a fixed diaphragm provided in the film-integrated camera body. The manual operation member 10 is slidable in the left-right direction in the figure by the operation knob 21a, and the first photographing lens 22 and the second photographing lens 23 are fixed to the fixed diaphragm 24 according to the sliding movement of the manual operation member 21. It is configured so that it can be inserted and removed from the facing position.

The first taking lens 22 has a focal length of 25.
mm, and they are arranged so that the optimum focusing distance is 4 m. Since the first photographing lens 22 is a lens for landscape photography, it is desirable that the focal length be as wide as possible, preferably 28 mm or less, and more preferably 25 mm or less. In addition, it is desirable to set the optimum focusing distance so that the position at infinity is sharpest.
Since it is possible to photograph a subject at infinity quite sharply if the most suitable focal length is set to a long distance, the optimum focusing distance is preferably 4 m or more, and is preferably 10 m or more.

On the other hand, the second taking lens 23 has a focal length of 50 mm and an optimum focusing distance of 0.3 m. Since the second photographing lens 23 is a lens for photographing alpine plants, it is desirable that the focal length be a long focal length to some extent, 40 mm or more, preferably 50.
mm or more is desirable. Further, it is desirable that the optimum focusing distance can be photographed up to a distance of 0.3 m, but if the optimum focusing distance is 0.8 m or less, it is within a certain allowable range, and the optimum focusing distance is 0.6 m. The following is desirable.

The short-distance visual field frame 21b has an image frame corresponding to the angle of view of the second photographing lens 23, and is configured to be inserted at a position where parallax at the time of short-distance photographing can be corrected.

Now, the manual operation member 10 is normally held in the state shown in FIG. 5, and the first photographing lens 22 is fixed to the fixed diaphragm 2.
The image of the subject is exposed to the photographic film located in the image frame 7 through 4. Therefore, it is usually set so that landscape photography is appropriately performed. At this time, FIG.
As is clear from the above, the second taking lens 23 is retracted from the fixed diaphragm 24. Next, as shown in FIG. 6, when the manual operation member 21 is slid to the right, the first photographing lens 22 retracts from the position facing the movable diaphragm 24 and the second photographing lens 23 moves. It is inserted at a position facing the diaphragm 24. Further, as is apparent from FIG. 6, as the manual operation member 21 slides, the short-distance visual field frame 21b
Is inserted in front of the objective lens 8. Therefore, by sliding the manual operation member 21 from the state of FIG. 5 to the state of FIG. 6, the state suitable for landscape photography is changed to the state suitable for photography of a subject at a close range.

Therefore, if the film-integrated camera of this embodiment is taken for hiking or the like, the landscape can be photographed properly, and when an alpine plant or the like is found, the operation knob 21a is slid easily. It is possible to take close-up shots of alpine plants, etc., simply by operating. Further, in the present embodiment, the lens has a relatively short focus when shooting a landscape,
Since a relatively long-focus lens is used for shooting alpine plants, it is possible to shoot at an angle suitable for both landscape and alpine plants.

As described above, according to the present invention, both landscape photography and close-up photography which are particularly required for hikers,
This can be done with a single film-integrated camera.

7 and 8 show another embodiment.
A first taking lens 32 is fixedly attached to the film-integrated camera body 1. Further, while the manual operation member 31 holds the second taking lens 33, the second taking lens 33 is retracted in the state of FIG. 7, and the manual operating member 30 has the first taking lens 32. A through hole 31b larger than the optical path is provided. The second taking lens 33, according to the sliding of the manual operation member 10,
It is configured to be able to move forward and backward in the optical path of the first taking lens 32. The first taking lens 32 is arranged so that the optimum focusing distance is 4 m, and the focal length is about 25 mm. On the other hand, when the second taking lens 32 is inserted with the optical axis aligned with the first taking lens 32, the synthetic lens system formed by the first taking lens 32 and the second taking lens 33 is The matching focal length is a short distance, for example, 0.
The length is about 3 m, and the focal length is designed to be about 50 mm. At this time, as shown in FIG.
1c moves to the front of the objective lens 8.

Therefore, also in this embodiment, the manual operation member 3 is operated by the operation knob 31a from the state shown in FIG.
By sliding 1 in the state of FIG. 8, it is possible to perform both landscape photography and close-up photography with a single film-integrated camera.

In the present embodiment, the short-distance field frame is inserted into the finder optical path in accordance with the operation of the manual operation member. However, the finder has a lens system. If so, instead of inserting the field frame, the finder magnification may be changed as the manual operation member slides.

Further, the manual operation member is not limited to the one that can slide in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis direction of the taking lens as in the present embodiment, and for example, the taking lens of the taking lens can be used. It may be configured such that it can be pressed in a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis direction, and the photographing optical system is moved in conjunction with the pressing operation.

Although the specific structure of the present invention has been described in detail above, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and the design can be appropriately changed. Further, although the film-integrated type camera has been described in the present embodiment, the present embodiment is not limited to the film-integrated type camera and can be applied to a general camera whose film can be exchanged. .

As described above, the camera of the present invention has an extremely excellent effect that a landscape photograph with a very high image quality can be obtained as compared with the conventional camera.

[0085]

According to the camera of the first to seventh aspects, it is possible to obtain a high-quality landscape photograph.

According to the camera of the eighth to thirteenth aspects, it is possible to take an image of a landscape having a wider range of brightness.

According to the cameras of claims 14 to 19, 36
It is possible to take a 0 ° panoramic landscape photograph easily.

According to the cameras of claims 20 to 30, it is possible to properly perform both close-up photography of a long-distance subject such as a landscape and short-distance subject such as an alpine plant.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a camera according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a camera showing a third embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a fourth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Film-integrated camera body 2 Photographing lens 3,24 Fixed diaphragm 6,21,31 Manual operation member 6a, 21a, 31a Operation knob 6b Movable diaphragm 6c Display section 8 Objective lens 11 Directional magnet 21b Short-distance field frame 22,32 First photography lens 23,33 Second photography lens

Claims (30)

[Claims] 1. A camera having a taking lens, an aperture stop, and a shutter, wherein the taking lens is always fixed at a fixed position, wherein the taking lens has a focal length of 28 mm or less and the taking lens is at the maximum. A camera characterized in that it is fixed at a position having a suitable focal length of 4 m or more. 2. The camera according to claim 1, wherein the focal length of the taking lens, the optimum focusing distance, and the aperture value of the diaphragm satisfy the following relational expression. f ² /(H×F)≦0.02 where f is the focal length of the taking lens (mm) H is the optimum focus position of the taking lens (mm) F is the aperture value 3. The camera according to claim 2, wherein the aperture value is a fixed aperture value of F9 or less. 4. The shutter speed of the shutter is 1/1
The camera according to claim 3, wherein the camera is 50 or less. 5. The camera according to claim 1, wherein the camera is a film-integrated type camera in which an unexposed film is built in advance. 6. The camera according to claim 5, wherein the built-in film has at least one photosensitive layer having a film characteristic curve of γ = 0.65 or more. 7. The camera according to claim 5, wherein the built-in film is a Brownie film. 8. The camera according to claim 1, further comprising a manual operation member, wherein the aperture value of the aperture changes in association with the operation of the manual operation member. 9. A movable diaphragm having a fixed diaphragm having a first diaphragm value and a movable diaphragm having a second diaphragm value different from the first diaphragm value, wherein the movable diaphragm is interlocked with the operation of the manually operated member. 9. The camera according to claim 8, wherein the camera is moved to be inserted into and removed from the optical path of the taking lens. 10. A movable diaphragm member comprising a first diaphragm having at least a first diaphragm value and a second diaphragm having a second diaphragm value different from the first diaphragm value, and the manual operation. 9. The camera according to claim 8, wherein the movable diaphragm member is moved by operating a member so that the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm are alternately inserted into and removed from the optical path of the photographing lens. 11. The camera according to claim 9, wherein the first aperture value is a larger aperture value than F9, and the second aperture value is a small aperture value of F9 or less. 12. The camera according to claim 8, wherein the manual operation member is slidable in a direction substantially orthogonal to the optical axis of the taking lens. 13. The camera according to claim 8, wherein the manual operation member can be pressed in a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis of the taking lens. 14. A camera comprising a taking lens, a diaphragm, a compass magnet disposed on the upper side surface of the camera body, and a plurality of scales attached to the compass magnet. 15. The optimum focusing distance of the taking lens is 4
15. The camera according to claim 14, wherein the camera is fixed at a position having a distance of m or more. 16. The diaphragm according to claim 14, wherein the diaphragm is a fixed diaphragm having an aperture value of F9 or less.
The camera according to. 17. The camera according to claim 14, wherein the azimuth magnet is provided with k number of the scale portions that satisfy the following formula. k ≧ 360 / {2 × tan ⁻¹ (a / 2f) × 0.95} where a: longitudinal width of film (mm) f: focal length of shooting lens (mm) 18. The focal length of the taking lens is 28 mm.
The camera according to any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein: 19. The camera according to claim 14, wherein the camera is a film-integrated type camera in which an unexposed film is built in advance. 20. A camera body having an opening, a taking lens arranged at a position facing the opening, a finder, an aperture, and a manually operable member that can be manually operated,
In a camera capable of setting the optimum focusing distance of the taking lens to only one of the first distance and the second distance according to the operation of the manual operation member, the first distance is 4 m or more, A camera characterized in that the second distance is 0.8 m or less. 21. A first photographing lens arranged so that the most suitable focal length becomes the first distance, and a second photographing lens arranged so that the optimum focusing distance becomes the second distance. A lens, and the first shooting lens and the second shooting lens are configured to be insertable / removable at a position facing the opening in association with an operation of the manual operation member. The camera according to claim 20. 22. The focal length of the first taking lens is 2
22. The camera according to claim 21, wherein it is 8 mm or less, and the focal length of the second taking lens is 40 mm or more. 23. A first taking lens arranged so that the most suitable focal length becomes the first distance, and it moves back and forth in the optical path of the first taking lens in association with the operation of the manual operation member. A second taking lens configured to be capable, when the second taking lens is inserted in an optical path of the first taking lens, the first taking lens and the second taking lens The optimum focusing distance of the synthetic lens system composed of lenses is
21. The camera according to claim 20, wherein the distance is the second distance. 24. The focal length of the first taking lens is 2
8 mm or less, and the focal length of the synthetic lens system is 40
24. The camera according to claim 23, which is at least mm. 25. The camera according to claim 20, further comprising a field frame capable of advancing and retracting in the finder according to a manual operation of the manual operation member. 26. The viewfinder is a variable-magnification viewfinder, and the magnification of the viewfinder changes in accordance with a manual operation of the manual operation member.
The camera according to any one of 0 to 24. 27. The camera according to claim 20, wherein the manual operation member is slidable in a direction substantially orthogonal to the optical axis of the taking lens. 28. The camera according to claim 20, wherein the manual operation member can be pressed in a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis of the taking lens. 29. The camera according to claim 20, wherein the aperture is a fixed aperture having an aperture value of F9 or less. 30. The camera according to claim 20, wherein the camera is a film-integrated type camera in which an unexposed film is built in advance.