JPH09188937A - Sailcloth made of polyester fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain high-quality sailcloth excellent in flatness of a base fabric without causing slip of a base fabric, having good shape characteristic and excellent in dimensional stability and durability. SOLUTION: In this sailcloth using a polyethylene terephthalate fiber as warp and/or weft, the fiber simultaneously satisfies the following physical properties. Intrinsic viscosity (IV)=0.90-1.10; strength (T)>=78.4mN/d (8.0g/d); intermediate elongation (ME)<=7%; the sum of the intermediate elongation (ME) and dry heat shrinkage factor (ΔS) after dry heat treatment at 180 deg.C for 30min <=14%; and intermediate elongation ratio (R) by dry heat treatment at 180 deg.C for 30min <=2.7; strength retention after dry heat treatment at 180 deg.C for 30min >=95%.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a canvas excellent in durability and dimensional stability.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, vinylon fibers, polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, etc. are used as textile materials for canvas. Among them, polyester fibers have high strength, high elastic modulus and excellent dimensional stability. Because of its excellent properties, it is widely used as an industrial material represented by canvas.

[0003] Further, a general canvas product is woven from the above fiber material to form a base fabric, which is then heat set, and further subjected to a dipping treatment or a coating treatment with a polyvinyl chloride resin or a polyurethane resin. It is manufactured by imparting waterproofness.

However, when the conventional polyester fiber is used, the thermal dimensional stability of the fiber is inferior, so that the weaving loss and the misalignment of the woven fabric due to heat setting are likely to occur.
In addition, there is a problem that the canvas tends to be inferior in shape retention such as flatness.

Further, since polyester fibers generally have poor thermal stability, they tend to lose their strength due to heat setting and dipping treatment, and cannot sufficiently satisfy the strength and modulus as a canvas product, which makes them useful for canvas applications. There were even fatal defects.

Further, JP-A-53-78372 discloses a canvas which is formed by forming polyester into polyester spun-like yarn by forming a loop through a fluid turbulent region, and using this as a base fabric and resin-processing. ing. When such a spun-like yarn is used, the excellent effect of improving the adhesiveness with the resin can be obtained, but the problems of the above-mentioned canvas cannot be solved, and the quality and durability of the canvas base fabric are improved. It was difficult.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in the conventional canvas, and the base fabric of the canvas is excellent in quality in that it has no misalignment and is excellent in flatness. The main purpose is to make a canvas with excellent durability and dimensional stability.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the polyester fiber canvas of the present invention comprises a warp yarn and / or a weft yarn made of polyester fiber composed of polyester in which 80 mol% or more of repeating units are ethylene terephthalate. And a polyester fiber satisfying the following physical properties (1) to (6) at the same time. (1) Intrinsic viscosity (IV) = 0.90 to 1.10 (2) Strength (T) = 78.4 mN / d (8.0 g / d)
(3) Intermediate elongation (ME) = 7% or less (4) Sum of intermediate elongation (ME) and dry heat shrinkage (ΔS) after dry heat treatment at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes = 14% or less (5) ) Intermediate elongation ratio (R) by dry heat treatment at 180 ° C for 30 minutes = 2.7 or less (6) Strength retention after dry heat treatment at 180 ° C, 30 minutes =
95% or more

Further, it is preferable that the single yarn fineness of the polyester fiber is 1 to 5d, and furthermore, the surface of the cloth is coated with a waterproof coating made of polyvinyl chloride resin and / or polyurethane resin. Is preferred.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The constitution and effects of the present invention will be specifically described below.

The polyester fiber used in the present invention is
80% or more, preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more, of the main repeating unit is a polyester in which ethylene terephthalate is used.

The polyester may be a copolymer of other acid component and glycol component, as long as the intended purpose of the present invention is not impaired. Specific examples of the acid component include isophthalic acid and adipic acid, and specific examples of the glycol component include tetramethylene glycol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, polymethylene glycol and the like.

The intrinsic viscosity (IV) of the polyester fiber is 0.90 to 1.10, preferably 0.95 or more. Here, if the intrinsic viscosity (IV) of the polyester fiber is lower than 0.90, the strength retention of the base fabric after heat treatment is lowered, which is unsuitable. On the other hand, if it exceeds 1.10, the spinnability is deteriorated, the fluff of the raw yarn is likely to occur, and the quality of the base fabric is easily impaired, which is not suitable.

Further, since the canvas is required not to be damaged even when a high load is suddenly applied, the polyester fiber used in the present invention is required to have high strength and high elasticity. Therefore, it is necessary to use the polyester fibers having the above-mentioned physical properties (1) to (6) for the warp and weft of the canvas.

That is, the strength (T) of the polyester fiber is 7
8.4 mN / d (8.0 g / d) or more, preferably 8.
It is 5 g / d or more, and the intermediate elongation (ME) is 7%.
The following is preferably 6.0% or less. If the intermediate elongation (ME) exceeds 7%, the above-mentioned problems cannot be solved, and further, problems occur when winding a yarn drawn at a high speed.

Further, it is important that the polyester fiber has a dry heat shrinkage property within a specific range. When the woven base cloth undergoes heat treatment at about 150 to 200 ° C in the heat setting process, if the dry heat shrinkage rate is high, even if the heat treatment is performed under tension, the shrinkage variation due to the part of the base cloth becomes large, and Misalignment is likely to occur, and the flatness is reduced, which causes the quality of the base fabric to be impaired. Therefore, it is desirable that the dry heat shrinkage is small.

For this reason, the polyester fiber used in the base fabric for canvas needs to have high strength and high elasticity as well as low shrinkage. Specifically, it is dry heat treated at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes. It is necessary that the sum of the dry heat yield rate (ΔS) and the intermediate elongation (ME) is 14% or less, preferably 13% or less. Sum of dry heat yield rate and intermediate elongation (ΔS + ME)
When it exceeds 14%, it is difficult to obtain a base fabric having good flatness without misalignment.

The intermediate elongation (M
In the case of (E), it is preferable that the change after passing through the post-weaving heat treatment step is as small as possible in order to maintain the elasticity of the raw yarn.

Therefore, 180 to the intermediate elongation (ME)
Ratio of intermediate elongation (MEA) after dry heat treatment at 30 ° C (ME
The intermediate elongation ratio (R) represented by (A / ME) needs to be 2.7 or less, and more preferably 2.0 or less.
If the intermediate elongation ratio (R) exceeds 2.7, it may cause misalignment of the base cloth, and may cause warp and wrinkles, which is not suitable.

Further, the polyester fiber for canvas of the present invention is required to have a heat resistant strength retention rate after dry heat treatment at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes of 95% or more, preferably 96% or more. If the heat-resistant strength retention rate is less than 95%, the strength and modulus of the obtained base fabric will be lowered, and the canvas will be easily damaged, which is not suitable.

The polyester fiber having the above characteristics is
For example, it can be obtained by the following manufacturing method.

That is, polyethylene terephthalate chips having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.0 or more are melted and spun from a spinneret attached to a spinning section, and the spun yarn is circumferentially oriented with respect to the running direction of the yarn. It is cooled by the cooling air blown out from, then an oil agent is applied, and it is taken off at a speed of 1500 m / min or more.

The drawn yarn is guided to the drawing process without being wound or after being once wound. Stretch 2
It is carried out by multi-stage drawing with more than one stage, and the draw ratio is 2.0 to 2.5.
It may be set in the double range. After heat-setting at a temperature of 150 ° C. or higher, preferably 200 ° C. at the same time as stretching, it is subjected to a relaxation treatment with a relaxing roll at a relaxation rate of 1.5 to 3.5% and wound at a high speed of 4500 m / min or more.

Fluid entanglement treatment was performed in the middle of this yarn making process, and the degree of entanglement (CF value by the hook drop method) was 2
It is preferable to wind it as 0 or more entangled filament yarn in order to improve the process stability in the weaving process. Further, it is preferable that the single yarn fineness is as small as 1 to 5d in order to improve the flexibility of the canvas.

The production of the polyester fiber used in the present invention is not limited to the above production method as long as the above-mentioned physical properties are satisfied.

Since the polyester fiber thus obtained has high strength, high elasticity and excellent dimensional stability, it is possible to manufacture a high-quality canvas which requires durability and high quality. It will be possible.

The production of canvas using the above polyester fibers may be carried out by the following method.

The polyester fiber yarn obtained by the above-mentioned yarn making method is subjected to a sweet twist of about 10 t / m, and then this is used for both warp and weft or both warp and weave a base fabric, Heat-set with a tenter machine to make a base fabric for canvas. In order to stably operate this weaving process, it is preferable that the supplied polyester fiber yarns have as few fluffs as possible, for example, the number of fluffs is preferably 1 or less per 10,000 m. Also, the degree of confounding (CF
It is also preferable to keep the (value) at 20 or more in order to stabilize the weaving process.

After the heat setting, if necessary, a dipping treatment or a coating treatment with a polyvinyl chloride resin or a polyurethane resin is applied to the surface of the base cloth,
It should be waterproof.

Thus, with the canvas of the present invention, the change in the physical properties of the base fabric after heat setting is suppressed, the base fabric is not misaligned, and the flatness of the base fabric is good. It has excellent dimensional stability and can exhibit high-quality canvas characteristics with excellent durability.

[0031]

The present invention will now be described more specifically with reference to examples. The production conditions of the polyester fiber are shown in Table 1, the physical properties of the obtained fiber are shown in Tables 2 and 3, and the physical properties of the obtained canvas are shown in Table 4. In addition, various measured values in the present invention and Examples are values measured by the following methods.

Intrinsic viscosity (IV): Using an Ostwald viscometer, the relative viscosity ηrp of a solution of 8 g of a sample dissolved in 100 ml of orthochlorophenol was measured at 25 ° C., and the intrinsic viscosity (IV ) Is calculated. IV = 0.0242 ηrp + 0.2634 where ηrp = (t × d) / (t0 × d0), where t: fall time of solution (sec), t0: fall time of orthochlorophenol (sec) ), D: density of solution (g / c
c).

Strength (T), elongation, intermediate elongation (ME)
: S- under the condition of a sample length of 25 cm and a pulling speed of 30 cm using a Tensilon tensile tester manufactured by Orientec
An S curve is obtained and each value is read from this SS curve. The intermediate elongation (ME) is sample fineness × 4.5 × 0.00
It is the elongation at the time of strength represented by 1.

Dry heat shrinkage ratio (ΔS) after dry heat treatment at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes: A sample is taken in a skein shape, 20 ° C., 65%
After leaving it in the temperature control room of RH for more than 24 hours,
A sample length 10 is measured by applying a load corresponding to g / d.
Next, the sample is left in a 180 ° C. oven for 30 minutes in a tensionless state, then taken out of the oven and left in the temperature control chamber for 4 hours, and then the above load is applied again to measure the sample length l1.
Then, it is calculated by the following formula. Dry heat shrinkage (ΔS) = [(l0-l1) / l0] × 10
0 (%) Intermediate elongation ratio (R) after dry heat treatment at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes: 30 in a 180 ° C. oven without tension
Leave it for 20 minutes, then remove from the oven at 20 ℃, 65%
After standing in the temperature control room of RH for 4 hours, an SS curve is obtained by the same method as described above, and an intermediate elongation (MEA) after dry heat treatment is obtained.

The intermediate elongation ratio (R) = MEA / ME is calculated from the intermediate elongation (ME) measured before the dry heat treatment.

Strength of base cloth: JIS-L-1096-
It is measured according to 1979.

Misalignment of the base cloth: The linearity of the warp and the weft in the base cloth is visually observed and evaluated according to the following criteria. ○: good, ×: bad

Flatness: Spread the base cloth on a flat surface,
The waviness on the surface of the base fabric is visually observed and evaluated according to the following criteria. ○: good, ×: bad

Example 1 Intrinsic viscosity (IV) 1.35
Polyethylene terephthalate chip with polymer temperature 29
Melted at 0 ° C, spun from a 240-hole spinneret attached to the spinning section, drawn at a speed of 2250 m / min, and drawn at a speed of 2.34 times by using a plurality of roller groups without winding once. Then, relax it by 3.0% and wind it up, 10
A polyester filament yarn of 00d / 240f was obtained.

After twisting the raw yarn at 10 t / m,
A plain weave was made using the weft and warp threads. The weaving standard was 1000d yarns for both warp and weft, and the densities were 16 warps / inch and 16.5 wefts / inch.

Next, a heat setting process was carried out at 200 ° C. for 25 seconds, and a polyvinyl chloride resin was coated thereon to obtain a tent.

[Examples 2 and 3, Comparative Examples 1 to 5] After spinning under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the spinning conditions shown in Table 1 were used, weaving was performed in the same manner to obtain a tent.

[0043]

[Table 1]

[0044]

[Table 2]

[0045]

[Table 3]

[0046]

[Table 4]

As is clear from the above results, the canvases according to the present invention (Examples 1 to 3) have high strength, there is no misalignment of the woven base fabric, and the flatness is good and the shape retention is excellent. A product was obtained. Moreover, when the obtained tent was set along the frame, the dimensional change at that time was small, the variation between lots was small, and it was possible to set with a constant tension, and the processing efficiency was greatly improved.

On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, the tenacity was sufficient, but the dimensional change was slightly large and the flatness and shape retention of the base fabric were insufficient. In Comparative Example 2, since the shrinkage rate was large in the heat setting process, the fabric was wavily formed and the quality was remarkably deteriorated, resulting in a tent. In Comparative Examples 3 and 4, the flatness could be improved by the high-relaxation treatment at the time of spinning, but the elongation at low load was high, and the products had poor shape retention.

Further, in Comparative Example 5, since the strength of the raw yarn is low, the shape retention of the product is good, but the strength of the base fabric is insufficient. As described above, in each of Comparative Examples 1 to 5, a desired product was not obtained in terms of quality and quality of the base fabric.

[0050]

According to the polyester fiber canvas of the present invention,
The base cloth has no misalignment, the flatness of the base cloth is improved, and the base cloth can have high-quality characteristics with excellent durability and dimensional stability, and can have suitable performance for sailcloth.

The canvas of the present invention can be effectively used for general canvas applications such as tents, tarpaulins, hoods for trucks, and canvases for flexible containers.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location D01F 6/62 302 D01F 6/62 302A 302C 306 306C D03D 15/00 D03D 15/00 A D06M 15 / 248 D06M 15/248 15/564 15/564

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A canvas using polyester fibers made of polyester in which 80 mol% or more of repeating units are ethylene terephthalate as warp yarns and / or weft yarns, wherein the polyester fibers have the following physical properties (1) to (6). At the same time, a polyester fiber canvas characterized by satisfying polyester fiber. (1) Intrinsic viscosity (IV) = 0.90 to 1.10 (2) Strength (T) = 78.4 mN / d (8.0 g / d)
Above (3) Intermediate elongation (ME) = 7% or less (4) Sum of intermediate elongation (ME) and dry heat shrinkage (ΔS) after dry heat treatment at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes = 14% or less (5) Intermediate elongation ratio (R) by dry heat treatment at 180 ° C for 30 minutes = 2.7 or less (6) Tensile strength retention rate after dry heat treatment at 180 ° C for 30 minutes = 9
5% or more 2. The single yarn fineness of the polyester fiber is 1 to 5.
The polyester fiber canvas according to claim 1, which is d. 3. The polyester fiber canvas according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the base cloth is coated with a waterproof coating made of polyvinyl chloride resin and / or polyurethane resin.