JPH09110329A - Elevator drive - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) Abstract: An elevator drive device suitable for maintaining inverter performance and improving reliability of a smoothing capacitor. SOLUTION: The temperature determiner 18 for determining whether the temperature of the smoothing capacitor is within an allowable temperature level determined by the ambient temperature, or the value of the ripple current of the smoothing capacitor in a predetermined load is within the allowable ripple current level determined by the ambient temperature. Whether or not the temperature of the ripple current determiner 21 for determining whether or not, the temperature of the smoothing capacitor, the temperature change rate of this temperature, and the value of the ripple current at a predetermined load are within respective set levels that are determined to be abnormal or deteriorated life. Of the deterioration life determiner 22 that determines whether or not the temperature of the smoothing capacitor exceeds a predetermined set level, and whether or not this integrated value is within the time set level estimated (predicted) as abnormal or deteriorated life It is characterized by including any one of, or a combination of or all of the temperature integration determiners 23 for determining.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an elevator drive device driven by a voltage source inverter.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, an elevator drive system of a voltage type inverter system comprises an induction motor for raising and lowering a car, a rectifier paired with the induction motor and rectifying a three-phase AC power source, and a voltage rectified by the rectifier. A smoothing capacitor for smoothing, and a drive system including a control device including an inverter unit that converts a smoothed DC voltage source into a three-phase variable frequency and variable voltage. The elevator needs to be smoothly raised and lowered with respect to the load from the state where no one is on board to the capacity.Therefore, the smoothing capacitor used for the voltage source inverter maintains the inverter performance and prolongs the maintenance cycle. Use a large rated capacity with a considerable margin. In a general voltage source inverter, as a method for judging deterioration of a smoothing capacitor, a DC voltage detecting circuit, a time measuring device and a capacitor deterioration judging circuit are provided and a three-phase AC power supply is turned on, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-209583. Sometimes, when the voltage rise time of the DC voltage source, that is, the smoothing capacitor deteriorates, the rising time of the initial charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor becomes shorter than the rising time when the smoothing capacitor is normal. Is being attempted.

[0003]

Problems to be Solved by the Invention JP-A-6-20958
In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3 publication, the deterioration of the smoothing capacitor is judged by utilizing the difference in the rise time of the initial charging voltage between the normal smoothing capacitor and the deteriorated smoothing capacitor when the power is turned on. Is not taken into consideration, and there is no protection function against abnormalities in the smoothing capacitor such as abnormal temperature rise in the smoothing capacitor caused by load fluctuation during operation, increase in ripple current, etc. There is. Further, even the current elevator control device does not have any protection function against the life due to deterioration of the smoothing capacitor. Instead, a large-capacity smoothing capacitor is provided to strengthen the life due to deterioration. However, there is a problem that it is not possible to grasp when the deterioration of the inverter performance or the destruction of the smoothing capacitor occurs due to the capacity reduction due to deterioration or the like due to long-term operation.

In view of the above points, an object of the present invention is to provide an elevator drive apparatus suitable for maintaining the inverter performance and improving the reliability of the smoothing capacitor.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The above problems are rectifiers that rectify an AC power source and convert it into a DC voltage, a smoothing capacitor that smoothes the output of the rectifier, a DC voltage obtained from the smoothing capacitor that is an AC variable voltage, a variable voltage. In an elevator drive device consisting of an inverter that converts to frequency and an induction motor that drives an elevator car controlled by the inverter, a temperature sensor that detects the internal temperature of the smoothing capacitor and / or a ripple current that flows in the smoothing capacitor is detected. This is achieved by including a current sensor and including any one or a combination of or a temperature determiner, a ripple current determiner, a deterioration life determiner, or a temperature integration determiner. Here, the temperature determiner determines whether or not the temperature obtained from the temperature sensor is within an allowable temperature level determined by the ambient temperature. The ripple current determiner determines whether or not the value of the ripple current in a predetermined load is within the allowable ripple current level determined by the ambient temperature. The deterioration life judgment device judges whether the temperature obtained from the temperature sensor, the temperature change rate of this temperature, and the value of the ripple current at a predetermined load are within the respective set levels judged as abnormal or deterioration life. To do. The temperature integration determiner integrates the time when the temperature obtained from the temperature sensor exceeds a predetermined set level, and determines whether this integrated value is within the time set level estimated (predicted) as abnormal or deteriorated life. To determine.

According to the present invention, when the temperature of the smoothing capacitor rises due to some cause (high load for a long time, load fluctuation, etc.) and exceeds a permissible temperature level, normal operation shifts to load reduction operation, By suppressing the temperature of the smoothing capacitor and extending the deterioration life of the smoothing capacitor without stopping the elevator, that is, avoiding severe conditions, the life of the smoothing capacitor is extended. Also, when the ripple current input / output to / from the smoothing capacitor becomes large depending on the load state (ripple current state) and exceeds the allowable ripple current level, normal operation shifts to load reduction operation and the elevator is stopped. Without reducing the ripple current, prolong the life of the smoothing capacitor. Also,
If the temperature, the ripple current, the temperature change rate, and the ripple current change rate of the smoothing capacitor have exceeded the respective set levels judged to be abnormal or deteriorated, the elevator can be safely stopped at the nearest floor and the elevator The alarm sound, character display, lamp display, etc., informs the inspector, monitoring center staff, etc. that the power supply has stopped, and urges the smoothing capacitor to be inspected and replaced. In addition, the continuous time from when the temperature of the smoothing capacitor reaches the set detection level to when it falls below this detection level is sequentially integrated, and the abnormal or deteriorated life of the smoothing capacitor is estimated (predicted) from this integrated time and smoothed. Use as a guideline for checking and replacing capacitors. This allows
Maintenance can be done early, and the suspension of the elevator due to a failure of the smoothing capacitor can be minimized. Further, by inputting signals from the temperature determination means, the ripple current determination means, the deterioration life determination means, and the temperature integration determination means, which are respectively provided in the plurality of elevator devices, to the elevator integrated management device, the elevator integrated management is being performed. Even if the deterioration state of the smoothing capacitors of a plurality of elevators can be grasped and the smoothing capacitor life can be estimated (predicted), the elevators can be reduced in load or stopped, and at the same time, other elevators can be moved to the calling floor. The waiting time for passengers can be reduced, the operation of a plurality of elevators can be performed efficiently, the maintenance of the smoothing capacitor can be speeded up, and the trapping accident due to a life failure or the like can be minimized. As a result, the present invention maintains the inverter performance and improves the reliability of the smoothing capacitor.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an elevator drive device showing an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a three-phase AC power supply, 2 is a contactor for supplying and shutting off power from the three-phase AC power supply 1 to an elevator drive system, and 3 is a rectifier (a variable control element that rectifies the three-phase AC power supply 1). Including a variable converter configured) 4 is a smoothing capacitor for smoothing the voltage rectified by the rectifier 3, 5 is a variable control element such as a power transistor or an IGBT, and 6 is an inverter including the variable control element 5. Reference numeral 7 is an induction motor, 8 is a sheave that transmits the driving force of the induction motor 7 to the rope 9, and 10 is a balance 9 through the sheave 8 by the rope 9 and an elevator car that is suspended in a sling manner.
2 is a speed detector that detects the speed of the elevator, 13 is an operation control unit that controls the inverter unit 6, 17 is a temperature sensor of the smoothing capacitor 4, 17A is a temperature sensor that detects the ambient temperature, and 18 is the temperature of the smoothing capacitor 4. Is a temperature determining device, 19 is a monitoring device, 20 is a current sensor for the smoothing capacitor 4, 21 is a ripple current determining device for determining the ripple current input to and output from the smoothing capacitor 4, and 22 is a smoothing capacitor 4 Deterioration life judging device 23 is a temperature integration judging device.

The operation control unit 13 includes a speed command generator 14, which outputs a speed command ωr *, a speed command ωr *, and a speed detector 12.
Since the inverter 6 is controlled based on the speed signal ωr output from the
*, Current command I *, and phase command θ * are calculated and output, and various amounts of vector control ω *, I *, θ * output from the speed control unit 15 and the inverter unit 6 are output. A PWM controller 16 that generates a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal based on the output currents iu and iv (not shown) and controls ON / OFF operations of the variable control element 5 of the inverter unit 6 by the PWM signal. . The temperature sensor 17 is composed of a thermocouple or a temperature resistor that detects the temperature of the smoothing capacitor 4, is attached to a region where the temperature is highest inside the smoothing capacitor 4, and outputs a temperature signal T. The temperature sensor 17A is an ambient temperature (ambient temperature) of the smoothing capacitor 4.
And outputs the ambient temperature signal TA. Temperature determiner 18
Has means for detecting whether or not the temperature signal T exceeds a preset detection level T _1, and when it exceeds, it changes in inverse proportion to the exceeded magnitude (difference of T−T ₁ ). It outputs an acceleration signal S1 that changes and a signal S2 that changes from a Hi to a Low signal. Further, the temperature determiner 18 has a built-in means for correcting the detection level T ₁ with the ambient temperature signal TA so as to change the detection level T ₁ in proportion to an allowable temperature characteristic shown in FIG. The monitoring device 19 is provided with means for notifying an inspector or a monitoring center member of an abnormality by an alarm sound, a character display, a lamp display, etc. by each input signal, and a temperature integration determining unit 23 which will be described later by the inspector or the monitoring member. Read the integrated value of and use it as a guide for inspections. The current sensor 20 detects an input / output ripple current of the smoothing capacitor 4 and outputs a ripple current signal i. The ripple current determiner 21 is provided with means for detecting whether or not the ripple current signal i exceeds a preset detection level i _1, and when it exceeds, a magnitude (difference of i−i ₁ ) is exceeded. An acceleration signal S3 having an inversely proportional value is output, and at the moment when the ripple current signal i exceeds the detection level i ₁ , Hi →
The signal S4 changing to Low is output to the monitoring device 19. Further, the ripple current determiner 21 has a built-in means for correcting the detection level i ₁ by the ambient temperature signal TA so as to change the detection level i ₁ in proportion to the allowable ripple current characteristic of FIG. 2 described later. The deterioration life judging device 22 compares the input signal (the temperature signal T and the ripple current signal i) with a preset temperature detection level T ₂ and ripple current detection level i ₂ , respectively, and outputs the result as a deterioration life judgment signal S5. In addition to outputting, it is judged whether the rate of temperature rise (temperature change rate dT / dt) is larger or smaller than a preset detection level ΔT (temperature change rate detection value), and the result is determined as the deterioration life judgment signal S5. Output as. Temperature signal T, ripple current signal i, temperature change rate dT
If any of / dt is greater than the respective detection level, it is determined that the life has deteriorated. Temperature integration determiner 23
Is the deterioration life expectancy (prediction) when the duration of the temperature signal T that has reached a preset detection level T ₃ or higher is integrated and when the integration time reaches a certain value, the integration time signal S
6 is output as a Low signal. If the accumulated time has not reached a certain value, it is judged as normal and the accumulated time signal S6
Is output as a Hi signal. In addition, the temperature integration determiner 23
The monitoring device 19 allows the inspector to read the temperature integration time.

Here, the deterioration life of the smoothing capacitor 4 will be described. The deterioration life of the smoothing capacitor 4 in the voltage source inverter is almost determined by the temperature of the smoothing capacitor and the voltage applied to the smoothing capacitor. However, in the voltage source inverter, the voltage is constant, so it is determined by the temperature of the smoothing capacitor. Become. This temperature is greatly affected by the magnitude of the ripple current input / output to / from the smoothing capacitor, but the smoothing capacitor will not be immediately destroyed unless it exceeds the allowable ripple current for a long time. However, if it is operated for a long time even if the ripple current is below the allowable value, it may change over time (the effect of the capacitor temperature is the greatest).
The oily substance, insulating material, etc. inside the smoothing capacitor deteriorates, and this deterioration reduces the capacitor's capacity.Therefore, the temperature of the smoothing capacitor rises above normal even during normal operation, further accelerating the deterioration and increasing the service life. Will result in hastening. It is generally said that when the smoothing capacitor is reduced to about 80% of its rated capacity, the life is due to deterioration.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below. First, a case will be described in which the temperature of the smoothing capacitor 4 is determined and the elevator is operated to reduce the load. When the elevator car 10 is moved up and down through the speed controller 15-the PWM controller 16-the inverter unit 6-the induction motor 7 by the speed command ωr *, and the elevator is in operation, the temperature signal T of the smoothing capacitor 4 Is input to the temperature determiner 18, and the preset detection level T of the temperature determiner 18
The value of ₁ and the temperature signal T are compared. As a result of this comparison, the following operation is performed. That is, when T <T ₁ , the acceleration signal S 1 output to the speed command generator 14 is a constant value, and the speed command generator 14 outputs the speed command ωr * based on the acceleration signal S 1. At this time,
By this speed command ωr *, the elevator car 10 is moved up and down through the speed control unit 15, the PWM controller 16, the inverter unit 6 and the induction motor 7, and the normal operation of the elevator is continued. When T> T ₁ , that is, when the value of the temperature signal T exceeds a preset detection level T ₁ ,
Acceleration signal S by the size of the exceeded temperature (difference T-T ₁₎
Decrement 1 and output to speed command generator 14. The speed command generator 14 outputs a speed command ωr * based on the acceleration signal S1, and at this time, the speed control unit 15-PWM controller 16-inverter unit 6-
Via the induction motor 7, the elevator acceleration 10 of the elevator car 10 is made inversely proportional to the difference of (T-T ₁ ), and the elevator acceleration is suppressed (hereinafter referred to as the elevator acceleration suppression operation). Here, FIG. 2 shows the smoothing capacitor 4
2 shows the relationship between the allowable temperature 181 and the ambient temperature of FIG.
As described above, in a region where the ambient temperature is low, the permissible temperature is set low in order to prevent thermal runaway due to a rapid temperature rise, and the permissible temperature is set to increase as the ambient temperature increases. Therefore, the detection level T ₁ of the temperature determiner 18 also needs to be changed according to the ambient temperature. Therefore, the temperature determiner 18
Of course, the set value of the detection level T ₁ is set to a value lower than the allowable temperature (manufacturer value) of the smoothing capacitor 4, but the ambient temperature signal can be changed in proportion to the allowable temperature 181 of FIG. Built-in means to correct by TA.
On the other hand, the output signal S2 of the temperature determination device 18, T <the normal operation in the relation of T _1, a Hi signal, T> T ₁ relationship,
That is, from the moment the temperature signal T exceeds the detection level T ₁ , Lo
Output as w signal. This signal S2 is input to the monitoring device 19, and when the signal S2 is a Low signal, the monitoring device 19 causes the elevator to raise the temperature of the smoothing capacitor 4,
Assuming that the vertical acceleration suppression operation is being performed, an inspector or a monitoring center member is notified by an alarm sound or a character display, a lamp display, etc. (not shown).

As described above, the load reducing operation of the elevator is performed by the output signal S2 of the temperature determiner 18, and particularly the elevator ascending / descending acceleration suppressing operation is described. However, even if the elevator ascending / descending speed suppressing operation is adopted. Similar effects are obtained. When performing the lift speed reduction operation, the acceleration signal S1 as a speed signal S1, when the temperature signal T has exceeded the detection level T _1, enter the speed signal S1 to the speed command generator 14, the speed controller 15 to Through the PWM controller 16 to the inverter unit 6, the inverter frequency is lowered to control the elevator ascending / descending speed. Similarly, the same effect can be obtained by using the method of lowering the switching frequency of the variable control element 5 (the constituent element of the inverter unit 6). This is because when the variable control element 5 cuts off the current, a spike voltage higher than the DC power supply voltage (smoothing capacitor voltage) is generated, and a high frequency current (ripple current) is generated on the element 5 side due to the difference between the spike voltage and the DC power supply voltage. It flows into the smoothing capacitor 4 more. Therefore, if the switching frequency of the element 5 is lowered, the number of times the ripple current flows per unit time is naturally reduced, so that the burden on the smoothing capacitor is reduced and the temperature rise is suppressed. In this case, the signal S1 is used as the switching frequency signal and P
Input to the WM controller 16 (input line is not shown), and the PWM controller 16 lowers the switching frequency. On the other hand, even if the switching frequency is changed, the inverter frequency does not change, so the ascending / descending speed does not change and normal operation can be performed.

As described above, when the temperature of the smoothing capacitor 4 rises due to some cause (high load for a long time, load fluctuation, etc.) and the temperature determiner 18 determines that the temperature has exceeded the temperature detection level T _1. , Elevator up / down acceleration α,
Alternatively, by performing the load reduction operation that reduces the hoisting speed or the switching frequency, the temperature of the smoothing capacitor 4 can be suppressed and the deterioration life of the smoothing capacitor 4 can be extended without stopping the elevator. That is,
Since harsh conditions can be avoided, the life of the smoothing capacitor 4 is extended.

Next, a case will be described in which the input / output ripple current of the smoothing capacitor 4 is judged to perform the load reduction operation of the elevator. Speed controller 15 to PW according to speed command ωr *
When the elevator car 10 is moved up and down through the M controller 16 to the inverter unit 6 to the induction motor 7 and the elevator is in operation, the ripple current signal i input / output to / from the smoothing capacitor 4 is the ripple current determiner 21. Is input to the ripple current determiner 21 and the preset detection level i
The value of ₁ and the ripple current signal i are compared. As a result of this comparison, the following operation is performed. That is, when i <i ₁ , the acceleration signal S3 output to the speed command generator 14 is a constant value, and the speed command generator 14 outputs the speed command ωr * based on the acceleration signal S3. At this time, the elevator car 10 is moved up and down by the speed command ωr * via the speed controller 15 to the PWM controller 16 to the inverter unit 6 to the induction motor 7 to continue the normal operation of the elevator. When the relation of i> i ₁ is satisfied, that is,
When the value of the ripple current signal i exceeds a preset detection level i ₁ , it is determined to be abnormal, and the acceleration signal S 3 is decreased according to the magnitude of the ripple current (difference of i−i ₁ ) that has been exceeded. It outputs to 14. The speed command generator 14 outputs a speed command ωr * based on the acceleration signal S3, and at this time, the speed control units 15 to PW are driven by the speed command ωr *.
Through the M controller 16 to the inverter unit 6 to the induction motor 7, the vertical acceleration α of the elevator car 10 is calculated by (i-
i ₁ ) is inversely proportional to the difference, and the elevator acceleration is suppressed to perform elevator acceleration suppression operation. In this way, the smoothing capacitor 4 can be adjusted according to the load condition (ripple current condition).
By taking advantage of the increase in the input / output ripple current to and from the detector, when the detection level i ₁ of the ripple current determiner 21 is exceeded, the lift acceleration α of the elevator is suppressed and controlled by the exceeded level. Here, FIG. 2 shows the relationship of the allowable ripple current 211 with respect to the ambient temperature of the smoothing capacitor 4. As shown in FIG. 2, the allowable ripple current is set high in a region where the ambient temperature is low, and the allowable ripple current is set to decrease when the ambient temperature increases. Therefore, the detection level i ₁ of the ripple current determiner 21 also needs to be changed according to the ambient temperature. Therefore, the ripple current determiner 21 has a built-in means for correcting with the ambient temperature signal TA so that the set value of the detection level i ₁ can be changed in inverse proportion to the allowable ripple current 211 of FIG. On the other hand, the output signal S4 of the ripple current determiner 21
Is a Hi signal during normal operation with a relationship of i <i ₁ , and is output as a Low signal from the relationship of i> i ₁ , that is, the ripple current signal i exceeds the detection level i ₁ . This signal S4 is input to the monitoring device 19, and when the signal S4 is a Low signal, the monitoring device 19 indicates that the elevator is performing the vertical acceleration suppression operation because the ripple current of the smoothing capacitor 4 has risen, and an alarm sound or character display is displayed. Notify the inspector or the staff of the monitoring center by using a lamp display (not shown), etc.

As described above, when the ripple current i input / output to / from the smoothing capacitor 4 becomes large depending on the load condition (ripple current condition), and the ripple current determiner 21 becomes the ripple current detection level i ₁ or more, By shifting from the normal operation to the load reduction operation, the ripple current can be reduced and the life of the smoothing capacitor 4 can be extended without stopping the elevator. As the load reduction operation, the up-and-down acceleration suppression operation is described here. However, similar to the operation by the temperature determiner 18 described above, the speed suppression operation that suppresses the speed of the elevator or the switching frequency of the variable control element 5 is decreased. Even if the method is adopted, the same effect as described above can be obtained.

Next, a case will be described in which the temperature of the smoothing capacitor 4, the rate of temperature rise (rate of temperature change) and the input / output ripple current are judged to stop the operation of the elevator. A description will be given according to the flow chart of the deterioration life determining unit 22 shown in FIG. When an elevator operation command (not shown) is generated, in step 221, the temperature signal T which is the output of the temperature sensor 17 is input. In step 222, the ambient temperature signal TA which is the output of the temperature sensor 17A is input. Then, in step 223, the detection level T ₂
Is corrected by the ambient temperature signal TA so that the temperature changes in proportion to the allowable temperature characteristic of FIG. In step 224, it is determined whether the temperature signal T is higher or lower than a preset detection level T ₂ . That is, when it is larger (T> T ₂ ), it is determined to be abnormal or deteriorated, and the process proceeds to step 225. On the other hand, when it is small (T <T ₂ ), it is determined to be normal,
Move to next step 226. In step 226, it is determined whether the temperature change rate dT / dt of the temperature signal T is larger or smaller than a preset detection level ΔT. If larger, it is determined that the life is abnormal or deteriorated, and the process proceeds to step 225. . On the other hand, if it is smaller, it is determined to be normal, and the routine goes to the subsequent Step 227. Next, the processing performed when it is determined to be normal in step 226 will be described. In step 227, the ripple current signal i is input. Step 22
In 8, the detection level i ₂ is corrected by the ambient temperature signal TA so as to change in proportion to the allowable ripple current characteristic of FIG. In step 229, it is determined whether the ripple current signal i output from the current sensor 20 is higher or lower than a preset detection level i ₂ . That is, if it is large (i
> I ₂ ) is determined to be abnormal or deteriorated life, and step 22
Then, the process proceeds to step S5. On the other hand, if the number is small (i <i ₂ ), it is determined to be normal, and the routine goes to the subsequent Step 230. In step 230, the deterioration life determination signal S5 is output to the operation control unit 13 and the monitoring device 19 as a Hi signal. in this case,
Normal operation is performed assuming no abnormality. On the other hand, step 22
When it is determined to be abnormal or deteriorated life in step 4, step 226, and step 229, and the process proceeds to step 225, the deterioration life determination signal S5 is output to the operation control unit 13 and the monitoring device 19 as a Low signal. By these processes, when it is determined that the life is abnormal or deteriorated in step 224, step 226, or step 229, the deterioration life determination signal S5 (Low signal) is input to the operation control unit 13, and the elevator can be safely brought to the nearest location. At the same time as stopping on the floor, the monitoring device 19 informs the inspector, the monitoring center staff, etc., by an alarm sound, a character display, a lamp display, etc. to urge the smoothing capacitor 4 to be inspected and replaced. After stopping the elevator, open the contactor 2
The main circuit drive system (rectifier 3 to induction motor 7) is disconnected from the three-phase AC power supply 1.

Here, the temperature detection level T ₂ and the ripple current detection level i ₂ of the deterioration life determination unit 22 and the temperature determination unit 1
The relationship between the detection level T _{1 of} 8 and the detection level i ₁ of the ripple current detector 21 is T ₁ <T ₂ , i ₁ <i ₂ , and each detection level is set to a value that satisfies this relationship. The allowable temperature (manufacturer value) or less is set, and as described above, the set value of each detection level is corrected by the ambient temperature signal TA. Further, the detection level T ₂ is determined as a level that is determined to be an abnormal or deteriorated life of the smoothing capacitor, and the detection levels i ₂ and ΔT are the magnitude of the ripple current or the temperature increase rate d during operation under a predetermined load.
Determine based on the size of T / dt. That is, the detection levels i ₂ and ΔT of the deterioration life determiner 22 are unthinkable during normal elevator operation using a normal smoothing capacitor, and when the life of the smoothing capacitor 4 due to deterioration is close, the temperature rise increases, or The ripple current is increased and the level (temperature rise rate, ripple current) is set to such a level that is determined.

As described above, when the deterioration life judging device 22 judges that the smoothing capacitor 4 is abnormal or deteriorates,
While safely stopping the elevator on the nearest floor,
It is possible to inform the inspector, the monitoring center staff, etc. that the elevator has stopped by the monitoring device 19 by an alarm sound, a character display, a lamp display, etc., and can prompt the inspection and replacement of the smoothing capacitor 4.

Next, a case will be described in which the temperature duration of the smoothing capacitor 4 is integrated to estimate (predict) an abnormal or deteriorated life. Here, FIG. 4 is a diagram for facilitating the understanding of the temperature integration determination unit 23 of FIG.
The horizontal axis represents time, and the detection level T of the temperature integration determination unit 23
₃ , waveform 231 of the temperature signal T (temperature of the smoothing capacitor) during elevator operation, durations t ₁ , t ₂ , t from when the temperature signal T reaches the detection level T ₃ to when the temperature signal T becomes the detection level T ₃ or less ₃ is shown. Therefore, the temperature integration determiner 23
Is provided with means for accumulating and storing the durations t ₁ , t ₂ , and t ₃ as in the following equation. Σt = t ₁ + t ₂ + t ₃ ... + t _n The waveform 231 of the temperature signal T during elevator operation changes as shown, and the durations t ₁ , t ₂ that exceed the detection level T ₃ for a long time, t ₃ is sequentially added up and stored. If the integrated time Σt has not reached a certain value to (hereinafter, this value is referred to as an estimated (predicted) life time), it is determined to be normal, the integrated time signal S6 is output as a Hi signal, and the estimated ( (Prediction) When the life time to is reached, the smoothing capacitor 4 determines that the life is abnormal or deteriorated, and outputs the integrated time signal S6 as a Low signal. The monitoring device 19 inputs the integrated time signal S6 (Low signal), informs the monitoring center staff by an alarm or a character display, and prompts the inspection and replacement of the smoothing capacitor 4. When the inspector inspects the smoothing capacitor 4, the monitoring device 19 reads the temperature integration time Σt from the temperature integration determining unit 23 and displays the secular change of the smoothing capacitor 4. The detection level T ₃ of the temperature integration determiner 23 is, for example, 5 which is the allowable temperature value of the smoothing capacitor 4.
Set within the range from about 0% to the allowable temperature value. By the way, it is generally known that when the temperature is low, the effect on the life is small, and when the temperature is high, the effect on the life is large. Therefore, when the detection level T ₃ is set low, the estimated life time to must be set long, and conversely, when the detection level T ₃ is set high, the estimated life time to must be set short. .

As described above, the abnormal or deteriorated life of the smoothing capacitor can be estimated (predicted) in advance by displaying the judgment result of the temperature integration judging device 23 and displaying the secular change of the smoothing capacitor 4. The inspection and replacement of 4 can be easily performed, the maintenance can be performed earlier, and the suspension of the elevator due to the failure of the smoothing capacitor 4 or the like can be minimized.

As described above, the present embodiment has been described by assuming that the temperature determining device 18, the ripple current determining device 21, the deterioration life determining device 22 and the temperature integration determining device 23 are all provided to perform each process.
Each judgment device may be provided individually or in combination as described below, and each processing may be executed. That is, in the case of merely extending the deterioration life of the smoothing capacitor 4, one or both of the temperature determiner 18 and the ripple current determiner 21 are provided to execute each process, and the load reduction operation is performed. Further, in the case of determining only the abnormality or the deteriorated life of the smoothing capacitor 4, the deterioration life determiner 22 is provided to execute the processing, and the elevator is safely stopped at the nearest floor. In this case, either the temperature sensor 17 or the current sensor 20 may be input. However, steps 221 to 224 or step 22 in FIG.
Either one of 5 to 226 needs to be deleted. Moreover, only the abnormality or the deterioration life of the smoothing capacitor 4 is estimated (prediction).
In that case, the temperature integration determiner 23 is provided to execute the process, and the inspection and replacement of the smoothing capacitor 4 are estimated (predicted). When extending the deterioration life of the smoothing capacitor 4 and determining abnormality or deterioration life, the combination of the temperature judgment device 18 and the deterioration life judgment device 22 or the combination of the ripple current judgment device 21 and the deterioration life judgment device 22 is used. In order to extend the deterioration life of the smoothing capacitor 4 and estimate (predict) an abnormality or deterioration life, a combination of the temperature determiner 18 and the temperature integration determiner 23, or a ripple current determiner 21 and a temperature integration determiner is used. 23 combinations, further, determine the abnormality or deterioration life of the smoothing capacitor 4 and estimate it (prediction)
If it does, the deterioration life determination device 22 and the temperature integration determination device 23
It prepares in combination of and executes each processing. As described above, according to the present embodiment, the various effects described above are exhibited by various combinations, and by extension, the smoothing capacitor 4
The reliability of the voltage source inverter can be improved and the performance of the voltage source inverter can be maintained.

As another embodiment of the present invention, an elevator drive device in which the deterioration life judging device 22 of FIG. 1 is replaced with a deterioration life judging device 22A will be described. In addition, in the drawing, the deterioration life determining unit 22 of FIG. 1 is only replaced with the deterioration life determining unit 22A, and other configurations are the same.
Substitute. The operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of the deterioration life determining unit 22A shown in FIG. here,
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the determination principle of the deterioration life determination device 22A, in which the horizontal axis represents the internal temperature of the smoothing capacitor 4 and the vertical axis represents the ripple current input / output to / from the smoothing capacitor 4. A temperature / ripple current characteristic 22B1 when operating with a predetermined load using a smoothing capacitor and a temperature / ripple current characteristic 22B2 when operating with a predetermined load using a smoothing capacitor that has reached the deterioration life are shown. As is apparent from FIG. 6, the normal smoothing capacitor 4 has a temperature T
Even if the temperature changes from x ₁ to Tx ₂ , the ripple current is almost constant i
Although it is x ₀ , the ripple current of the smoothing capacitor which has reached the end of life changes greatly from ix ₁ to ix ₂ . Therefore, taking the ratio of ripple current change / temperature change, (ix ₀ −ix ₀ ) / (Tx ₂ −Tx ₁ ) ≈0 in the normal case, (ix ₂ −ix ₁ ) / (Tx ₂ −Tx ₁ ) ≈di / dT. In other words, if the ratio is almost zero, it is judged as normal,
In the case of di / dT, it may be judged as abnormal or deteriorated life. However, considering that the value of di / dT changes depending on the temperature position, the detection level Δ of the deterioration life determination unit 22A
Set i. Therefore, in FIG. 5, step 22A
1, the ripple current signal i output from the current sensor 20
Enter In step 22A2, the current sensor 17
The temperature signal T which is the output of is input. Then, in step 22A3, di / dT is the preset detection level Δi.
Determine whether it is larger or smaller. That is, when it is larger (di / dT> Δi), it is determined that the life is abnormal or deteriorated, and the process proceeds to step 22A4. On the other hand, when the number is small (di / dT <Δi), it is determined to be normal, and the routine goes to the subsequent Step 22A5. In step 22A5, the deterioration life determination signal S5 is output to the operation control unit 13 and the monitoring device 19 as a Hi signal. In this case, normal operation is performed assuming no abnormality. Further, when it is determined in step 22A3 that the life is abnormal or deteriorated, in the processing of step 22A4,
The deterioration life determination signal S5 is used as a Low signal, and the operation control unit 1
3 and the monitoring device 19. Steps 22A4 and 22
After the processing of A5, the elevator is stopped at the nearest floor and the stop alarm or the characters are displayed by the monitoring device 19 like the deterioration life determining device 22 of FIG. Also in this embodiment, as described in the embodiment of FIG.
It is possible to combine the respective judging devices, and the effect to be exerted is the same as that of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment in which the present invention is applied to the integrated management of a plurality of elevators. In FIG. 7, 2
4A to 24D are elevator devices shown in the overall configuration of FIG. 1, 13A to 13D are operation control units of the elevator devices, 19A to 19D are monitoring devices of the elevator devices, and 241 to 244 are output signals S2 of FIG. ,
A signal summarizing S4, S5, and S6, 25 is an elevator integrated management device that collectively manages a plurality of elevators, and 251 is an output (operation) signal of the elevator integrated management device 25. The elevator integrated management device 25 receives signals 241-2 from the monitoring devices 19A-19D of the elevator devices.
Based on 44, the movement of the elevators is controlled, and the operation signal 251 to any operation control unit 13 (13A to 13D) among the plurality of elevator devices (24A to 24D) is controlled according to the processing result of the integrated management device 25. 254 is output. On the other hand, here, an example of a specific operation of the overall management apparatus 25 will be described. The integrated management device 25 stores the number of times of the load reduction operation (signals S2 and S4 in FIG. 1) for each elevator device based on the signal lines 241 to 244 of the plurality of elevator devices 24A to 24D, so that any elevator When the preset number of times (the set number of times of the load reduction operation set by the central management device 25 and the set value of the reduction operation frequency) is reached or when the load reduction operation frequently occurs, the elevator The smoothing capacitor 4 is determined to be abnormal or deteriorated. In this way, when the integrated management device 25 determines that the elevator is abnormal or has a deteriorated life, the elevator is stopped via the operation signal lines 251 to 254, and the stopped elevator is sent to a monitor or an elevator manager. Notify by warning or display to prompt maintenance. The temperature of the smoothing capacitor 4 or the ripple current exceeds a detection level (detection levels T ₁ , T ₂ , i ₁ , i ₂ , ΔT, Δi in FIG. 1), and, for example, the elevator of the elevator device 24A is in a load reduction operation state, Alternatively, when there is a call by a call button provided on each floor when the elevator is stopped, the integrated management device 25 determines which elevator among the plurality of elevators is the elevator closest to the call floor. . Assuming that the elevator closest to the elevator is the elevator device 24B, the overall management device 25 sends an operation signal 252 to the operation control unit 13 of the elevator device 24B to move the elevator device 24B to the passenger floor. Although not shown, the operating conditions of all elevators (the position of the car 10 and the number of passengers) are detected by another sensor, and the output is input to the integrated management device 25,
Even if the nearest elevator is 24B, when it is full or the like, it can be controlled so as to shift the next closest elevator to the call floor in consideration of the operating conditions. In addition, the integrated management device 25, based on the processing of the signal S6,
The abnormal or deteriorated life of the smoothing capacitors 4 of the plurality of elevator devices (24A to 24D) is displayed over time and is also estimated (predicted).

In this way, in this embodiment, the signals S2, S4, S5 and S6 of FIG. 1 are sent to the plurality of monitoring devices 19A to 19D.
From the general management device 2
The deterioration state of the smoothing capacitors of a plurality of elevators can be grasped by 5 and the life of the smoothing capacitors can be estimated (predicted), and at the same time the load reduction operation or the stop of the elevators concerned can be performed by judging the abnormality or the deteriorated life of the smoothing capacitors. , Other elevators are moved to the calling floor, waiting time for passengers can be reduced, multiple elevators can be operated efficiently, maintenance of smoothing capacitors can be accelerated, and confinement accidents due to life failure etc. can be minimized. be able to. In addition, although an example in which the monitoring devices 19A to 19D are installed in the elevator devices 24A to 24D has been described in the present embodiment, they may be installed in the integrated management device 25 of the elevator.

[0024]

As described above, according to the present invention,
If the temperature of the smoothing capacitor rises above a permissible temperature level for some reason (high load for a long time, load fluctuation, etc.), stop the elevator by shifting from normal operation to load reduction operation. Instead, the temperature of the smoothing capacitor is suppressed and the deterioration life of the smoothing capacitor is extended, that is, the life of the smoothing capacitor can be extended by avoiding severe conditions. In addition, when the ripple current input / output to / from the smoothing capacitor becomes large depending on the load condition (ripple current condition) and exceeds the allowable ripple current level, the elevator is moved by shifting from normal operation to load reduction operation. The ripple current can be reduced and the life of the smoothing capacitor can be extended without stopping. If the temperature of the smoothing capacitor, the ripple current, the temperature change rate, and the ripple current change rate are above the respective set levels that are judged to be abnormal or deteriorated, the elevator can be safely stopped at the nearest floor. It is possible to notify an inspector, a monitoring center member, or the like of the stop of the elevator by an alarm sound, a character display, a lamp display, or the like, and urge the inspection and replacement of the smoothing capacitor. In addition, since the duration from when the temperature of the smoothing capacitor reaches the set detection level to when it falls below this detection level is sequentially integrated, it is possible to estimate (predict) the abnormal or deteriorated life of the smoothing capacitor from this integrated time. This makes it easier to check and replace the smoothing capacitor, speeds up maintenance, and minimizes suspension of the elevator due to failure of the smoothing capacitor. Further, according to the present invention, temperature determination means, ripple current determination means, deterioration life determination means, which are provided in each of the plurality of elevator devices,
By inputting the signal from the temperature integration determination means to the integrated management device of the elevator, even during the integrated management of the elevator, the deterioration state of the smoothing capacitors of a plurality of elevators can be grasped and the smoothing capacitor life can be estimated (prediction).
It is possible to reduce the load on the elevator or stop the elevator at the same time, while moving other elevators to the calling floor, reducing waiting time for passengers, and efficiently operating multiple elevators. Maintenance can be done early, and confinement accidents due to life failure etc. can be minimized. As a result, according to the present invention, the inverter performance can be maintained and the reliability of the smoothing capacitor can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an elevator drive device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

[Fig. 2] Relation diagram of allowable temperature and allowable ripple current of smoothing capacitor with respect to ambient temperature

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a deterioration life determining device.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a detection level T3 of a temperature integration determination device and an integration method.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a deterioration life determining device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a determination principle of a deterioration life determination device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an overall schematic diagram of an elevator integrated management apparatus showing another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Rectifier 4 Smoothing capacitor 6 Inverter unit 12 Speed detector 13 Operation control unit 14 Speed command generator 15 Speed control unit 16 PWM controller 17 Temperature sensor 17A Ambient temperature sensor 18 Temperature determiner 19 Monitoring device 20 Current sensor 21 Ripple current Judgment device 22 Deteriorated life judgment device 23 Temperature integration judgment device 24A to 24D Elevator device 25 Elevator integrated management device

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. An elevator drive apparatus in which an induction motor for driving a car of an elevator is controlled by an inverter having a smoothing capacitor, wherein a temperature sensor for detecting an internal temperature of the smoothing capacitor and a temperature obtained from the temperature sensor are ambient. An elevator drive characterized by comprising a temperature determiner for determining whether or not the temperature is within an allowable temperature level determined by temperature, and when the internal temperature of the smoothing capacitor exceeds the allowable level, the elevator is operated to reduce the load. apparatus. 2. An elevator drive apparatus in which an induction motor for driving a car of an elevator is controlled by an inverter having a smoothing capacitor, wherein a current sensor for detecting a ripple current flowing through the smoothing capacitor, and a ripple current in a predetermined load. A ripple current determiner for determining whether or not the value is within an allowable ripple current level determined by the ambient temperature, and when the ripple current exceeds the allowable level, the elevator is operated to reduce the load. Elevator drive. 3. The elevator drive device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the load reduction operation is performed by decreasing an elevator ascending / descending acceleration or an elevator ascending / descending speed or an inverter element switching frequency. . 4. An elevator drive apparatus in which an induction motor for driving a car of an elevator is controlled by an inverter having a smoothing capacitor, wherein a temperature sensor for detecting an internal temperature of the smoothing capacitor and a ripple current flowing through the smoothing capacitor are provided. A current sensor for detecting,
Deterioration life determination for determining whether the temperature obtained from the temperature sensor, the temperature change rate of the temperature, and the value of the ripple current at a predetermined load are within respective set levels determined as abnormal or deterioration life An elevator drive device, comprising: a heater, and stopping the operation of the elevator when the internal temperature of the smoothing capacitor, the temperature change rate, or the ripple current exceeds the respective set levels. 5. The deterioration life determining device according to claim 4,
An elevator drive device characterized in that when a ratio of temperature change to ripple current change is substantially zero, the smoothing capacitor is judged to be normal, and when the ratio is larger than a set level, the smoothing capacitor is judged to be abnormal or deteriorated. 6. In an elevator drive device in which an induction motor for driving an elevator car is controlled by an inverter having a smoothing capacitor, a temperature sensor for detecting an internal temperature of the smoothing capacitor, and a temperature obtained from the temperature sensor are set. The integrated value is provided with a temperature integration determination device that integrates the time when the level is exceeded and determines whether or not the integrated value is within a time setting level estimated (predicted) as abnormal or deteriorated life. An elevator drive device, wherein when the time setting level is exceeded, it is estimated (predicted) that the elevator is in an abnormal or deteriorated life. 7. The elevator drive device according to claim 6, wherein the integrated value is taken out from the temperature integration determining device at any time and the secular change is displayed. 8. An elevator drive device in which an induction motor for driving a car of an elevator is controlled by an inverter having a smoothing capacitor, and a temperature sensor for detecting an internal temperature of the smoothing capacitor, and / or a ripple flowing in the smoothing capacitor. A temperature determiner having a current sensor for detecting a current and determining whether or not the temperature obtained from the temperature sensor is within an allowable temperature level determined by the ambient temperature, or the value of the ripple current in a predetermined load is The ripple current judging device for judging whether or not it is within the allowable ripple current level determined by the ambient temperature, or the temperature obtained from the temperature sensor, the temperature change rate of the temperature, and the value of the ripple current at a predetermined load are abnormal. Or is it within each set level judged as deteriorated life? Of the deterioration life determiner for determining the temperature of the temperature sensor, or the temperature when the temperature obtained from the temperature sensor exceeds a predetermined set level, and the integrated value is within the time set level estimated (predicted) as abnormal or deteriorated life. An elevator drive device comprising a combination of or all of temperature integration determiners for determining whether or not they are included. 9. The deterioration life determining device according to claim 8,
An elevator drive device characterized in that when a ratio of temperature change to ripple current change is substantially zero, the smoothing capacitor is judged to be normal, and when the ratio is larger than a set level, the smoothing capacitor is judged to be abnormal or deteriorated. 10. The monitor according to claim 1, further comprising a monitoring device for displaying information from the temperature determiner, the ripple current determiner, the deterioration life determiner, or the temperature integration determiner. An elevator drive device characterized in that 11. The elevator control system according to claim 10, wherein the information obtained from the monitoring device is transmitted to an elevator control device that controls the elevator, and the elevator control device executes the current operation of the elevator based on the information. An elevator drive device characterized by: