JPH08340654A - Cooling structure of motor for automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent the adhesion of water, dust, etc., to a commutator, a brush part, and a bearing by setting up the cooling air duct provided at a brush holder, so that it may be positioned separately from the ventilation port on an end frame, and forming a ventilation path surrounded by both. CONSTITUTION: An armature 12 is inserted into a housing 18, and next a brush holder 22 where a brush device is incorporated is inserted. And, in the form of covering the brush holder 22, an end frame 19 is incorporated. A cooling air inlet 25 is in the position separated in upward direction from the ventilation port 21 on the end frame 19. By doing it this way. outside air having penetrated from the ventilation port 21 on the end frame 19 reaches the cooling air introduction port 25 while turning around circular wall 23, in the space caught between the end frame 19 and the brush holder, and cools the inside of the motor, and is exhausted out of the motor M from the ventilation port 18b, so the penetration of water, dust, etc., into the interior of the motor or the shaft can be prevented.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cooling structure for an automobile DC motor, and more particularly to a cooling structure suitable for an electric fan motor for cooling a radiator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in a motor for an automobile, for example, an electric fan motor, outside air is introduced into the motor to cool the motor as the motor becomes smaller. A technique is known in which a plurality of vent holes are provided to introduce outside air into the motor. For example, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, a plurality of vent holes 111 are formed in the end frame 110 of the electric fan motor.
There is known a technology of providing.

However, in an electric fan motor for an automobile, in order to mount it in the engine room of the automobile,
Water, dust, etc. that enter the engine room enter through the ventilation holes provided on the surface of the motor, and these water, dust, etc.
Since it adheres to the commutator, the brush, and the bearing, inconvenience occurs.

In order to prevent this, a technique has been proposed in which a shielding plate is provided at the vent hole portion so that water, dust, etc. do not adhere to the commutator, the brush portion, and the bearing. For example, on the drive shaft side in the fuselage where the rotor shaft is inserted through the bearing,
A technique of providing a guide plate for actively introducing outside air to the ventilation passage of the rotor core (see Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-30754), a technique using a blower tube (see Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-74059), There are known a technique of mounting a pipe in a hole provided in a housing (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-31648), a technique of using a dustproof cover (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 56-52461), and the like.

However, any of the above-mentioned proposed techniques has a problem that the number of assembling steps and the number of parts are increased. In particular, when a separate pipe is used, since the pipe projects below the motor, it is necessary to take measures such as interference prevention for mating. In addition, in each of the above-mentioned conventional techniques, the assembly is not suitable for automation.

Therefore, the applicant of the present application has proposed a technique in which a ventilation hole is formed in the motor housing and a plurality of shielding pins extending integrally with the end frame are covered with a ventilation hole with a gap. (See Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-88164).

The present invention relates to an improvement of the technique disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-88164, and its purpose is to provide a vehicle motor with sufficient waterproof and dustproof without increasing the number of parts and the number of assembly steps. It is to provide a motor cooling device having a function and suitable for automation.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooling structure for an automobile motor, which is a direct current motor having a housing provided with a vent for cooling the inside of the motor. A ventilation hole is provided in the end frame that constitutes the opposite end surface of the housing, and a brush holder that holds the brush, brush pressing means, and brush power feeding means only at the part facing the armature side is inscribed inside the housing. At the same time, the annular wall covered by the end frame from the outside of the motor and surrounding the bearing on the end frame side,
It extends from the brush holder until it comes into contact with the end frame, and the brush holder is provided with a cooling air introduction port that guides the outside air that has entered through the ventilation hole provided in the end frame to the armature side. At
It is characterized in that it is spaced upward from the vent provided in the end frame.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooling structure for a motor for an automobile, wherein a lowermost part of the end frame in a mounted state of the motor is extended to the outside of the motor, and a gap between the extended portion and the brush holder is used as a ventilation hole. And

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the outside air that has entered from the ventilation hole provided in the end frame through the ventilation hole goes around the outer periphery of the annular wall to reach the cooling air introduction port, on the brush holder, the end frame, or It is preferable to form a maze structure by forming ribs from both the brush holder and the end frame.

Further, according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the cooling air introduction port is arranged at a position close to a ventilation port provided in the end frame, and a part of a path of outside air from the ventilation port to the cooling air introduction port is provided. It is preferable to cut off the path and lengthen the route.

[0012]

According to the present invention, the end frame and the brush holder are assembled so that the cooling air introduction port provided in the brush holder is located at a position spaced apart from the ventilation hole on the end frame in the upward direction. Since a ventilation path is formed in the space surrounded by the frame and the brush holder, outside air enters through the ventilation holes on the end frame and travels around the outer circumference of the series of annular walls surrounding the bearings to reach the cooling air introduction port. , The armature and brush inside the motor are cooled and discharged to the outside of the motor. In addition, when the motor breaks water, dust, etc. that enter the engine room, it must counteract gravity in order to reach the inside of the motor, and it is difficult for water, dust, etc. to adhere to the commutator, brushes, and bearings. Becomes

[0013]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the members and arrangements described below, but may be variously modified within the scope of the spirit of the present invention.

FIGS. 1 to 8 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of an essential part, and FIG. 2 is a line A- in FIG.
A view from the arrow A, Fig. 3 is the brush holder seen from the armature side,
4 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is an end frame seen from the armature side, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing the flow of cooling air in FIG.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing the flow of cooling air in FIG.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 7.

In FIG. 1, the motor M is a stator 11
, An armature 12 having a winding 12a, a rotating shaft 13 of the armature 12, and a bearing portion 1 for supporting the rotating shaft 13
4, 15 and the commutator 1 arranged on one end side of the rotary shaft 13.
6 and a brush device 17 in sliding contact with the commutator 16.

Reference numeral 18 is a housing, and reference numeral 1
Reference numeral 9 is an end frame. The housing 18 of the present example has a circular inner circumference, and the outer circumferential end portion on the end frame 19 side is circumferentially provided so that the folded-back portion 18a extends outward. An outlet 18b for the cooling air is formed on the end surface of the rotary shaft 13 of the housing 18 in the output direction (that is, on the side opposite to the end frame 19).

The brush device 17 of the present embodiment includes a brush holder 2
2, the brush box 17a, the brush 17b, the pigtail 17c, and the spring 17d are the main constituent elements. And the cooling structure S for the motor of the present example
Is composed of a brush holder 22 and an end frame 19.

The brush holder 22 of this embodiment is a housing 1
It is formed in a disc shape corresponding to the inner peripheral shape of 8. The brush holder 22 has a folded back contact portion 24.
And a cooling air introduction port 25 are formed, and a series of annular walls 23 surrounding the outer periphery of the bearing 15 are extended by the brush holder 22 so as to be in contact with the end frame 19.

The folded back contact portion 24 of this embodiment is provided around the end frame 19 with a width substantially the same as the extending width of the folded back portion 18a of the housing 18.

The cooling air inlet 25 of this embodiment is a hole formed to connect the armature 12 side of the brush holder 22 and the end frame 19 side, and the folded back contact portion 24.
It is formed at a position between and the annular wall 23.

A brush box 17a, a brush 17b, a pigtail 17c, a spring 17d, an electrode plate 17e, etc. are disposed on one side of the brush holder 22, that is, on the core side of the armature 12.

The end frame 19 of this embodiment engages with the folded-back portion 18a of the housing 18, is formed into a circular shape according to the shape of the housing 18, and has a bearing holding portion 31 that engages with the bearing 15. The upright portion 32 in which the outer edge portion is folded back in the motor axial direction and the vent hole 21 are the main constituent elements.

An engaging claw 26 having a predetermined width is provided at a predetermined position of the upright portion 32 so as to extend inward from the upright portion 32.

Next, the assembly of the automobile motor cooling device having the above structure will be described.
The armature 12 is inserted therein, and then the brush holder 22 having the brush device 17 assembled therein is inserted. Then, the end frame 19 is assembled so as to cover the brush holder 22.
At this time, the cooling air introduction port 25 on the brush holder 22 is at a position separated from the ventilation port 21 on the end frame 19 in the upward direction when the motor is properly mounted.

The folded portion 18a of the housing 18
The folded back contact portion 24 of the brush holder 22 is sandwiched between and the standing portion 32 of the end frame 19, and the housing 18 and the claw 26 are caulked and fixed.

In this way, the annular wall 2 is provided in the space between the end frame 19 and the brush holder 22 where the outside air that has entered through the vent holes 21 on the end frame 19 is sandwiched between the end frame 19 and the brush holder 22.
While reaching the cooling air introduction port 25 while rotating around the outer circumference of the motor 3, the inside of the motor is cooled and discharged to the outside of the motor M through the ventilation hole 18b of the housing.

As described above, the cooling air introduction port 2 is provided from the ventilation port 21.
When the motor M is exposed to water, dust, etc. that enter the engine room because the distance up to 5 is separated in the upward direction, in order to enter the inside of the motor, a path is taken against the gravity. Since the bearing 15 is isolated from the outside air path by the annular wall 23, it is possible to prevent water, dust, etc. from entering the bearing 15.

9 to 14 show the second to fifth embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 1 showing the second embodiment, and FIG. 11 is a view taken along the line EE in FIG. 11, FIG. 11 is a view taken along the line FF in FIG. 10, and FIG. 12 is a view similar to FIG. 2 showing the third embodiment.
4 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 8 showing the fourth and fifth embodiments. In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the same members and the like as those in the above-mentioned embodiments are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.

In the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the lowermost portion of the end frame 19 in the motor regular mounting state is projected to the outside of the motor, and the gap between the projecting portion 41 and the brush holder 22 is used as the vent hole 42. There is. According to the configuration of this example, since the vent hole 42 is oriented in the vertical direction, it becomes difficult for water droplets and dust to enter the motor from the vent hole 42 against the gravity, and the vent hole 2 Since the cooling air inlet 25 and the cooling air inlet 25 can be further separated from the first embodiment, the waterproof and dustproof effects are improved.

In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 12, punching ribs 43 having a depth to reach the brush holder 22 are arranged in the end frame 19 at several places, and a path from the vent 21 to the cooling air inlet 25 is provided with a maze structure. Is given. With the configuration of this example, the waterproof and dustproof effects are further improved as compared with the first example.

In the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 13, a molding rib 44 having a height reaching the end frame 19 from the brush holder 22 is arranged to give a labyrinth structure as in FIG.

The labyrinth structure constructed in the third and fourth embodiments is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and the labyrinth structure constructed by forming irregularities on the brush holder 22 and the end frame 19. Is included. In addition, a maze structure may be formed in a path formed between the brush holder 22 and the end frame 19 by another component.

In the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 14, in addition to the labyrinth structure formed by the molding ribs 44 as in FIG. 13, the cooling air introducing port 25 is arranged only in the region close to the ventilation port 21, and the cooling air introducing port 25 is provided. A blocking rib 45 is provided between the lower part of the and the vent 21 to block the path of outside air. With such a configuration, as shown by the arrow in the figure, the cooling air inlet 25 for the outside air is introduced.
It is possible to lengthen the route leading to and to further improve the prevention and dustproof properties in combination with the maze structure.

[0034]

As described above, since the air vents formed in the end frame and the cooling air introduction ports formed in the brush holder are spaced apart in the upward direction, water, dust and the like enter the inside of the motor. Can be prevented. Further, since the outside air that has entered through the ventilation port is blocked by the annular wall, it is possible to prevent water, dust, and the like from entering the bearing. This device does not increase the number of parts as compared with the conventional one, can be assembled only by stacking in the rotation axis direction, and has the effect that it is suitable for automation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of a main part showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view on arrow AA in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a view of the brush holder as viewed from the armature side.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a diagram of an end frame seen from the armature side.

6 is a sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG.

7 is an explanatory diagram showing a flow of cooling air in FIG. 1. FIG.

8 is an explanatory view showing the flow of cooling air in FIG. 2, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the line D-D of FIG. 7.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 1, showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a view on arrow EE in FIG.

FIG. 11 is a view on arrow FF in FIG.

FIG. 12 is a view similar to FIG. 2, showing the third embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 8 showing a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 8 showing a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a main part showing a conventional example.

16 is a view taken along the line GG in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 12 Armature 12a Winding 13 Rotating shafts 14 and 15 Bearings 16 Commutator 17 Brush device 17a Brush box 17b Brush 17c Pigtail 17d Spring 17e Electrode plate 18 Housing 19 End frame 21 Vent 22 Brush holder 23 Annular wall 24 Folding contact part 25 Cooling Wind introduction port 26 Engaging claw 31 Bearing holding part 32 Standing part 41 Overhanging part 42 Vent hole 43 Launching rib 44 Molding rib 45 Blocking rib M Motor S Cooling structure for automobile motor

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A direct current motor having a housing provided with a vent for cooling the inside of the motor, the vent being provided in an end frame forming an end face of the housing opposite to an output shaft of the motor, A brush holder for holding the brush, the brush pressing means and the brush power feeding means only on the portion facing the armature side is arranged inscribed in the inner circumference of the housing and is covered by the end frame from the outside of the motor. An annular wall that surrounds the brush holder is extended from the brush holder until it contacts the end frame, and the brush holder is provided with a cooling air introduction port that guides the outside air that has entered through the ventilation hole provided in the end frame to the armature side. In the installed state, the wind introduction port is separated from the ventilation port provided in the end frame in the upward direction, and is characterized by being automatic. Cooling structure for car motors. 2. The motor according to claim 1, wherein the lowermost part of the end frame in the motor mounted state is projected to the outside of the motor.
A cooling structure for a motor for an automobile, characterized in that a gap between the overhanging portion and the brush holder is used as a vent hole. 3. The brush holder and the end frame according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outside air that has entered from the ventilation port provided in the end frame through the ventilation port goes around the outer periphery of the annular wall to reach the cooling air introduction port. Or, a cooling structure for a motor for an automobile, characterized in that a rib is formed from both the brush holder and the end frame to provide a maze structure. 4. The method according to claim 1, 2, or 3,
The cooling air introduction port is arranged in a position close to the ventilation port provided in the end frame, and a part of the path from the ventilation hole to the cooling air introduction port is blocked by the outside air, and the path is lengthened. A cooling structure for an automobile motor, which is characterized in that