JPH08328269A - Electrophotographic photoreceptor and electrophotographic device using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain an electrophotographic photoreceptor excellent in wear and scuffing resistances and cleanability and giving a high grade image over a long period of time and to obtain an electrophotographic device with the photoreceptor. CONSTITUTION: This electrophotographic photoreceptor contains fluororesin particles and a polycarbonate copolymer having repeating units represented by formulae I, II in the surface layer. In the formulae I, II, each of R<1> -R<4> is H, a halogen, alkyl, etc., and X is -CR<5> R<6> - (each of R<5> and R<6> is H, an alkyl, etc.), 1,1-cycloalkylene, a single bond, -O-, etc.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor,
More specifically, the present invention relates to a highly sensitive electrophotographic photosensitive member having little deterioration in image quality due to repeated use and excellent in durability, and an electrophotographic apparatus having the photosensitive member.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When forming a photosensitive layer in an electrophotographic photosensitive member, a function-separated type in which a charge transport layer is laminated on a charge generating layer is generally used because of its excellent sensitivity and durability. In this type of photoconductor, the charge transport layer is generally composed of a charge transport material, a binder resin and, if necessary, an additive, but when an electrophotographic photoconductor having high sensitivity is to be obtained, the charge transport layer in the charge transport layer is formed. It is necessary to increase the ratio of the substance to the binder resin. However, if the ratio of the charge transport material to the binder resin is increased, the mechanical properties inherent to the binder resin are impaired, and when the electrophotographic photoreceptor is mounted on an actual copying machine, the electrophotographic photoreceptor is scraped in the electrophotographic process. There is a problem in that it becomes easy and is easily damaged. Further, as another problem, there is a problem that the charge transport material in the charge transport layer is likely to crystallize and precipitate. That is, when the concentration of the charge transport material is higher than that of the binder resin, the charge transport material is crystallized due to the lapse of time, the temperature of the storage environment, the adhesion of a specific substance, etc. When an image is formed by an actual copying machine, it causes spot-like image defects.

In order to satisfy the characteristics required for the surface layer as described above, for example, selection of the type of binder resin and molecular weight,
Various methods are being studied.

However, it was not possible to obtain a charge-transporting material in which crystal precipitation did not occur and abrasion and scratches were sufficiently prevented.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to provide an electrophotographic photosensitive member which meets the above-mentioned requirements.
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to reduce the wear of the surface layer, to have cleaning properties, and durability against wear and scratches,
Another object of the present invention is to provide a highly durable and high-quality electrophotographic photosensitive member and an electrophotographic apparatus having the photosensitive member, which can constantly obtain a high-quality image in the electrophotographic process.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems That is, the present invention provides an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer on a conductive support, in which fluorine resin particles are contained in the surface layer and the following general formula (1)
And an electrophotographic photoreceptor containing the polycarbonate copolymer having the repeating unit represented by (2), and an electrophotographic apparatus containing the photoreceptor.

[0007]

[Chemical 4] (In the formula, R ¹ , R ² , R ³ and R ⁴ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 7 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. Is an aryl group, a, b, c and d are each independently an integer of 0 to 4, and X is —CR ⁵ R ⁶ — (provided that R ⁵ and R
⁶ each independently a hydrogen atom, a trifluoromethyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms), a 1,1-cycloalkylene group having 5 to 11 carbon atoms, and a carbon number 2 An α, ω-alkylene group of -10, a single bond,
-O-, -S -, - SO- or -SO ₂ - it is.
m and n represent the molar ratio of each repeating unit,
m + n = 1 and 0.01 ≦ n ≦ 0.9. ) In the present invention, the binder resin forming the surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member is appropriately selected, and the surface layer is made to contain the fluorine-based resin particles to improve the abrasion resistance of the surface layer. It provides a highly durable and high-quality electrophotographic photoreceptor that solves various problems.

Examples of the fluorine resin particles include tetrafluoroethylene resin, trifluoroethylene chloride resin, hexafluoroethylene propylene resin, vinyl fluoride resin, vinylidene fluoride resin, and difluorodichloroethylene resin. . You may use these 1 type individually or in mixture of 2 or more types. Further, it may be mixed with an antiwear agent or a lubricant other than the above.

The particle size and molecular weight of the fluororesin particles can be appropriately selected and are not particularly limited.

As the polycarbonate copolymer, it is preferable to use one type of the copolymers represented by the above general formulas (1) and (2) alone or two or more types in the surface layer in view of mechanical strength and charge. It is also suitable for compatibility with transport materials,
As a particularly preferable example, as the repeating unit represented by the general formula (1),

[0011]

Embedded image And the like. Further, as the repeating unit represented by the general formula (2),

[0012]

[Chemical 6] And the like.

The general formulas (1) and (2) can be freely combined, but the ratio is 0 when the molar ratio of the repeating units represented by the general formula (2) is 1. The range is 0.01 to 0.9.

Further, in the present invention, the best combination of the general formulas (1) and (2) is shown below.

[0015]

[Chemical 7] (M and n represent the molar ratio of each repeating unit,
m + n = 1 and 0.01 ≦ n ≦ 0.9. As the binder resin used in the surface layer, a polycarbonate copolymer having the repeating units represented by the general formulas (1) and (2) may be further added with another binder resin, if necessary. . Examples of other binder resins include other polycarbonate resins, acrylic resins, polyester resins, polyamide resins, polyvinyl acetate resins, polyvinyl butyral resins, and other thermoplastic resins; polyurethane resins, phenol resins, epoxy resins, and other thermosetting resins. A photocurable resin and the like can be mentioned.

As the charge-transporting substance, it is preferable to use one kind of the compounds represented by the formulas (3) and (4), or a mixture of two kinds, from the viewpoint of mechanical strength.

[0017]

Embedded image

Further, if necessary, other charge transport material can be added. Examples of other charge transport substances include styryl compounds other than the general formula (3), triarylamine compounds other than the general formula (4), hydrazone compounds, pyrazoline compounds, oxazole compounds, stiben compounds, Examples thereof include thiazole compounds.

The ratio of the charge transport material to the binder resin depends on the types of the binder resin and the charge transport material, but is generally 20 to 70% by weight, particularly preferably 30 to 65% by weight. When the ratio of the charge transport material is small, sufficient sensitivity cannot be obtained. Also, if the ratio of the charge transport material is too large,
The strength of the surface layer is lowered and the surface layer is easily scratched.

The ratio of the fluororesin particles in the surface layer is appropriately selected depending on the kind of the fluororesin particles and the constitution of the photosensitive layer. If the added amount is large, the light transmittance decreases,
The sensitivity is lowered, and the image exposure light is scattered to cause bleeding in the image. On the other hand, if the addition amount is too small, it is likely to wear and the effect of the present invention cannot be sufficiently obtained. Generally from 0.1 to 50% by weight, particularly preferably from 0.5 to
It is 40% by weight. Further, it is possible to add additives such as a dispersion aid, if necessary.

Among the dispersing aids for the fluorine-based resin particles, particularly preferable ones are fluorine-based comb-type graft polymers. The fluorine-based comb-type graft polymer has a molecular weight of 100 having a polymerizable functional group at one end of each molecular chain.
It is obtained by copolymerizing a macromonomer composed of an oligomer having a relatively low molecular weight of about 0 to 10000 and a fluoropolymerizable monomer, and the fluoropolymer is the backbone and the macromonomer polymer hangs in a plate shape. It has a different structure.

The macromonomer is selected such that the resin to which the graft polymer is added has an affinity, and for example, polymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters or styrene compounds are used.

On the other hand, as the fluorine-based polymerizable monomer,
Hereinafter, one kind or two or more kinds of polymerizable monomers having a fluorine atom in the side chain as in (5) to (9) are used, but the invention is not limited thereto.

[0024]

[Chemical 9] (In the formula, R ₁ represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. R ₂
Represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, or a nitrile group, and may be a combination of several kinds thereof. n is an integer of 1 or more, m is an integer of 1 to 5, k is 1 to 4
Of m + k = 5. ) The content of the fluorine-type graft polymer is suitably 0.01 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.02 to 2% by weight, based on the weight of the solid content. If it is less than 0.01% by weight, the effect of improving the dispersibility is not sufficient. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10% by weight, the graft polymer is present not only on the coating film surface but also in the bulk. Due to the problem, accumulation of residual charge occurs when the electrophotographic process is repeated.

In forming the surface layer, generally, the above-mentioned fluororesin particles are dispersed in the above-mentioned binder resin, a charge transporting substance and a solvent are added thereto to prepare a coating solution, which is coated by a coating means. Form a photoconductor. As the solvent used at this time, a solvent having good solubility in the binder resin and the charge transport material and good dispersibility of the fluorine-based resin particles is selected. A particularly good example is
Ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and cyclohexanone; ethers such as diethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran; esters such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate; hydrocarbons such as toluene and benzene; halogenated carbonization such as chlorobenzene and dichloromethane Examples include hydrogens.

Fluorine-based resin particles are used as a method of preparing a coating solution for forming the surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention.
The charge transport material and the binder resin may be simultaneously dispersed with the solvent. Alternatively, a coating liquid may be prepared by preparing a dispersion liquid in which the fluorine-based resin particles and the binder resin are dispersed in advance and mixing the dispersion liquid with the binder resin and the charge transport substance dissolved in advance. In the preparation of the coating liquid for the electrophotographic photosensitive member or the fluororesin particle dispersion liquid used in the present invention, simple stirring and mixing may be used, but if necessary, a dispersing means such as a ball mill, a roll mill, a sand mill or a high pressure homogenizer is used. May be. Ideally, the dispersed particle size is close to the intrinsic primary particle size of the fluororesin particles used and has a uniform distribution.

Next, the constitution of the electrophotographic photosensitive member used in the present invention will be shown step by step.

Examples of the conductive support used in the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention include metals such as aluminum, copper, nickel and silver or alloys thereof; conductive metal oxides such as antimony oxide, indium oxide and tin oxide. Examples include carbon fiber, carbon black, and a mixture of graphite powder and resin and molded.

Further, in order to cover defects on the support and protect the support, it is possible to provide a conductive layer on the support. For example, metal powders of aluminum, copper, nickel, silver, etc .; conductive metal oxides of antimony oxide, indium oxide, tin oxide, etc .; polymer conductive materials such as polypyrrole, polyaniline, polymer electrolytes; carbon fibers, carbon black. , Graphite powder; or a conductive substance such as a conductive powder whose surface is coated with a conductive substance, a thermoplastic resin such as an acrylic resin, a polyester resin, a polyamide resin, a polyvinyl acetate resin, a polycarbonate resin, or a polyvinyl butyral resin. A thermosetting resin such as a polyurethane resin, a phenol resin, or an epoxy resin; one dispersed in a binder resin such as a photocuring resin;
Further, those in which additives are added as needed are coated on a support are mentioned.

As the surface layer, a single-layer structure is applied to the entire photosensitive layer, but a particularly effective example is a laminated photoreceptor in which a charge transport layer is provided on a charge generation layer and the functions are separated. Used for the charge transport layer.

Further, a photoreceptor having a protective layer provided on the photosensitive layer can be applied to the protective layer.

Examples of the material for the charge generation layer of the laminated structure photoreceptor include azo pigments such as stern red and chlordian blue; phthalocyanine pigments such as copper phthalocyanine and titanyl phthalocyanine; quinone pigments such as anthanthrone; perylene pigments and indigo pigments. A charge generation layer such as a thermoplastic resin such as an acrylic resin, a polyester resin, a polyamide resin, a polyvinyl acetate resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polyvinyl butyral resin, a polyvinyl benzal resin; a thermosetting polyurethane resin, a phenol resin, an epoxy resin, or the like. Examples include binder resins such as resins dispersed with a suitable solvent.

As the material for the charge transport layer, one or both of the compounds represented by the formulas (3) and (4) or both the charge transport substances and, if necessary, other charge transport substances, for example, , A styryl compound other than formula (3), a triarylamine compound other than formula (4), a hydrazone compound, a pyrazoline compound, an oxazole compound, a stibene compound, a thiazole compound, etc. One or more binder resins of the copolymer having the units represented by the formulas (1) and (2), and a more suitable binder resin, for example, an acrylic resin,
A photosensitive layer is formed by mixing and dispersing with a phenoxy resin, other polycarbonate, polyvinyl butyral, polyarylate, polyurethane, polyacrylamide, polyamide, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, etc. and applying each coating solution.

As the coating method used in the present invention, a usual coating method such as a dip coating method, a spray coating method, a roll coater coating method, a gravure coater coating method or the like can be applied.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural example of a transfer type electrophotographic apparatus using the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 is a drum type photosensitive member of the present invention as an image bearing member, which is rotationally driven around a shaft 1a in a direction of an arrow at a predetermined peripheral speed. In the course of its rotation, the photosensitive member 1 is uniformly charged at its periphery with a positive or negative predetermined potential by the charging means 2, and then in the exposure unit 3 an optical image exposure L (slit exposure / laser) is performed by an image exposing means (not shown). Beam scanning exposure). As a result, electrostatic latent images corresponding to the exposed image are sequentially formed on the peripheral surface of the photoconductor.

The electrostatic latent image is then toner-developed by the developing means 4, and the toner-developed image is rotated by the transfer means 5 between the photoconductor 1 and the transfer means 5 from a paper feeding portion (not shown). The images are sequentially transferred onto the surface of the transfer material P that is synchronously taken out and fed.

The transfer material P which has received the image transfer is separated from the surface of the photoconductor and is introduced into the image fixing means 8 where it is subjected to the image fixing and printed out as a copy.

After the image transfer, the surface of the photoconductor 1 is cleaned by the cleaning means 6 to remove the transfer residual toner, and is further discharged by the pre-exposure means 7 to be repeatedly used for image formation.

As the uniform charging means 2 for the photosensitive member 1, a corona charging device is generally widely used. Also, as the transfer device 5, corona transfer means is generally widely used. The electrophotographic apparatus is configured by integrally combining a plurality of constituent elements such as the photoconductor, the developing unit, and the cleaning unit described above as an apparatus unit, and the unit is configured to be detachable from the apparatus body. Alternatively, for example, the photosensitive member 1 and the cleaning unit 6 may be integrated into one device unit, and the device unit may be detachably configured by using a guide unit such as a rail of the device body. At this time, the above apparatus unit may be provided with a charging unit and / or a developing unit.

When the electrophotographic apparatus is used as a copying machine or a printer, the light image exposure L is reflected light or transmitted light from a document, or the document is read and converted into a signal, and a laser beam is scanned based on this signal. Or driving an LED array or a liquid crystal shutter array.

When the electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention is used as a printer for a facsimile, the light image exposure L becomes an exposure for printing received data. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of this case.

The controller 11 controls the image reading section 10 and the printer 19. The entire controller 11 is CP
It is controlled by U17. The read data from the image reading unit 10 is transmitted to the partner station through the transmission circuit 13. The data received from the partner station is sent to the printer 19 through the receiving circuit 12. The image memory 16 stores predetermined image data. The printer controller 18 controls a printer 19. 14 is a telephone.

The image information received from the line 15 (image information from a remote terminal connected via the line) is demodulated by the receiving circuit 12, then decoded by the CPU 17, and sequentially stored in the image memory 16. Is stored. Then, when at least one page of image information is stored in the memory 16, the image of that page is recorded. The CPU 17 reads out one page of image information from the memory 16 and the printer controller 18 decodes the decoded page of one page. Send image information. When the printer controller 18 receives the image information of one page from the CPU 17, the printer controller 18 controls the printer 19 to record the image information of the page.

The CPU 17 is receiving the next page while the printer 19 is recording. The image is received and recorded as described above.

The electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention can be used not only in electrophotographic copying machines but also in laser beam printers, C
RT printer, LED printer, liquid crystal printer,
It can be widely used in electrophotographic application fields such as laser plate making.

[0047]

The present invention will be described below with reference to examples. In the examples, "part" means "part by weight" and "%" means "% by weight". (Example 1) As a conductive layer coating step, conductive titanium oxide 2 coated with tin oxide containing 10% antimony oxide 2
000 parts, 2500 parts of phenol resin, 2000 parts of methyl cellosolve, and 500 parts of methanol were dispersed for 2 hours in a sand mill using φ1 mm glass beads to prepare a conductive layer coating solution.

After the above coating material was applied by dipping onto an aluminum cylinder, it was dried at 150 ° C. for 25 minutes by a drying device. The thickness of the conductive layer was 20 μm.

Next, as an intermediate layer coating step, re-precipitation-purified N-methoxymethylated nylon 6, 750 parts and 6.1
250 parts of 2.66.610 copolymerized nylon was dissolved in a mixed solvent of 5000 parts of methanol and 5000 parts of butanol to prepare a coating solution for the intermediate layer. The above-mentioned coating material is further applied by dipping onto the above-mentioned conductive layer-coated aluminum cylinder,
It was dried at 95 ° C. for 7 minutes by a drying device. The thickness of the intermediate layer was 0.50 μm.

Next, as a charge generation layer coating step, 200 parts of an azo pigment having the following structural formula,

[0051]

[Chemical 10] 200 parts of azo pigment having the following structural formula,

[0052]

[Chemical 11] Polyvinyl butyral resin (BLS, Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.)
200 parts and 5000 parts of cyclohexanone, φ1mm
A sand mill using glass beads was used for dispersion for 24 hours, and further 5000 parts of tetrahydrofuran was added to prepare a charge generation layer coating solution. Furthermore, bead residue, dust and the like were removed from this liquid by a centrifuge (7000 rpm, 30 minutes). The above charge generation layer coating material was dip-coated on the aforementioned intermediate layer-coated cylinder and dried at 85 ° C. for 7 minutes. The film thickness of the charge generation layer was 0.15 μm.

Next, as a step of preparing a fluororesin particle dispersion liquid, tetrafluoroethylene resin particles (Lubron L-2,
Daikin Industries, Ltd.) 200 parts, 200 parts of a polycarbonate copolymer having the following structural formula as a repeating unit,

[0054]

[Chemical 12] Comb type graft polymer (GF-300, manufactured by Toagosei)
After thoroughly mixing 8 parts and 600 parts of monochlorobenzene, 4 with a sand mill device using φ1 mm glass beads.
The dispersion was performed for a time to prepare a fluororesin particle dispersion liquid.

Next, 800 parts of a triarylamine compound having the following structural formula,

[0056]

[Chemical 13] 800 parts of the polycarbonate copolymer and 1000 parts of the fluororesin particle dispersion are mixed with monochlorobenzene 400.
A charge transport layer coating liquid was prepared by dissolving and mixing 0 part and 3000 parts of dichloromethane. The content rate of the fluorine-based resin particles with respect to the solid content is 10%. This solution is dip-coated on the aluminum cylinder on which the charge generation layer has been coated,
It was dried at 0 ° C. for 50 minutes. The film thickness of the charge transport layer was 25 μm.

This electrophotographic photosensitive member was attached to a commercially available electrophotographic copying machine (GP-55, manufactured by Canon), and an image output and a durability test were conducted. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 2 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a polycarbonate copolymer having the following structural formula as a repeating unit was used as the polycarbonate copolymer in the surface layer. Further, in the same manner as in Example 1, this electrophotographic photosensitive member was replaced with a commercially available electrophotographic copying machine (GP-55,
The image was output and the durability test was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0059]

Embedded image

Example 3 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a polycarbonate copolymer having the following structural formula as a repeating unit was used as the polycarbonate copolymer in the surface layer. Further, in the same manner as in Example 1, this electrophotographic photosensitive member was replaced with a commercially available electrophotographic copying machine (GP-55,
The image was output and the durability test was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0061]

[Chemical 15]

Example 4 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the content of the fluorine-based resin particles in the surface layer was changed to 1%. Further, as in Example 1, this electrophotographic photosensitive member was attached to a commercially available electrophotographic copying machine (GP-55, manufactured by Canon), and an image output and a durability test were conducted. The results are shown in Table 1.

(Example 5) An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the content of the fluorine-based resin particles in the surface layer was changed to 30%. Further, as in Example 1, this electrophotographic photosensitive member was attached to a commercially available electrophotographic copying machine (GP-55, manufactured by Canon), and an image output and a durability test were conducted. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 6 A styryl compound having the following structural formula and the charge transporting material used in Example 1 were mixed at a ratio of 1: 1 (weight ratio) as a charge transporting material in the surface layer, and An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. Further, as in Example 1, this electrophotographic photosensitive member was attached to a commercially available electrophotographic copying machine (GP-55, manufactured by Canon), and an image output and a durability test were conducted. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0065]

Embedded image

(Example 7) An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that polytrifluoroethylene chloride resin (Daiflon, manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.) was used as the fluorine-based resin particles in the surface layer. Further, in the same manner as in Example 1, this electrophotographic photosensitive member was attached to a commercially available electrophotographic copying machine (GP-55, manufactured by Canon), and an image output and a durability test were conducted. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 8 An electrophotographic photoconductor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that polytetrafluoroethylene-6-fluoropropylene resin (Neoflon, manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.) was used as the fluorine-based resin particles in the surface layer. It was created. Furthermore, Example 1
This electrophotographic photosensitive member was attached to a commercially available electrophotographic copying machine (GP-55, manufactured by Canon Inc.) in the same manner as in 1. to perform image output and durability test. The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 1 800 parts of a hydrazone compound having the following structure

[0069]

[Chemical 17] And 800 parts of a polycarbonate resin having the following structure,

[0070]

Embedded image 4000 parts monochlorobenzene and 30 dichloromethane
The mixture was dissolved and mixed in 00 parts to prepare a charge transport layer coating solution.
This solution was dip-coated on the same aluminum cylinder on which a charge generation layer had been coated as in Example 1, and dried at 130 ° C. for 50 minutes. The film thickness of the charge transport layer was 25 μm.

This electrophotographic photosensitive member was attached to a commercially available electrophotographic machine (GP-55, manufactured by Canon) in the same manner as in Example 1, and image output and durability test were conducted. The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 2 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the charge transporting material used in Comparative Example 1 and the polycarbonate resin used in Comparative Example 1 were used in the surface layer. Further, as in Example 1, this electrophotographic photosensitive member was attached to a commercially available electrophotographic copying machine (GP-55, manufactured by Canon), and an image output and a durability test were conducted. The results are shown in Table 1.
It was shown to.

(Comparative Example 3) An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the content of the fluorine-based resin particles in the surface layer was changed to 55%. Further, as in Example 1, this electrophotographic photosensitive member was attached to a commercially available electrophotographic copying machine (GP-55, manufactured by Canon), and an image output and a durability test were conducted. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0074]

[0075]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As is clear from the above, (1) the surface layer contains fluororesin particles and a polycarbonate copolymer having repeating units represented by the general formulas (1) and (2). As a result, it is possible to obtain an excellent electrophotographic photoreceptor having excellent durability against abrasion and scratches on the surface layer and having little deterioration in image quality.

(2) Further, when the content of the fluororesin particles contained in the surface layer is 0.1% or more and 50% by weight or less, the imageability and the abrasion resistance are particularly good.

(3) Further, in the charge transport layer, one or two kinds selected from the styryl compound represented by the general formula (3) and the triarylamine compound represented by the general formula (4) are used as the charge transport material. By containing the above, an electrophotographic photosensitive member having particularly excellent durability against abrasion and scratches on the surface can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a transfer type electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a facsimile using the electrophotographic apparatus as a printer.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Photoreceptor 2 Charging Means 3 Exposure Part 4 Developing Means 5 Transfer Means 6 Cleaning Means 7 Pre-Exposure Means 8 Image Fixing Means

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tatsuo Maeda 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Yoichi Kawamorida 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Within the corporation

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. An electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer on a conductive support, wherein the surface layer comprises fluorocarbon resin particles and a polycarbonate copolymer having repeating units represented by the following general formulas (1) and (2). An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a coalesce. Embedded image (In the formula, R ¹ , R ² , R ³ and R ⁴ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 7 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. Is an aryl group, a, b, c and d are each independently an integer of 0 to 4, and X is —CR ⁵ R ⁶ — (provided that R ⁵ and R
⁶ each independently a hydrogen atom, a trifluoromethyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms), a 1,1-cycloalkylene group having 5 to 11 carbon atoms, and a carbon number 2 An α, ω-alkylene group of -10, a single bond,
-O-, -S -, - SO- or -SO ₂ - it is.
m and n represent the molar ratio of each repeating unit,
m + n = 1 and 0.01 ≦ n ≦ 0.9. ) 2. The fluororesin particles are tetrafluoroethylene resin, trifluoroethylene chloride resin, hexafluoroethylene propylene resin, vinyl fluoride resin, vinylidene fluoride resin, difluorodichloroethylene resin, and The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, comprising one or two or more resins selected from these copolymers. 3. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, wherein the content of the fluorine-based resin particles is 0.1 to 50% by weight of the total solid content of the surface layer. 4. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, wherein the surface layer contains a fluorine-based comb-type graft polymer. 5. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, wherein the photosensitive layer has a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer. 6. The charge-transporting layer contains, as a charge-transporting substance, one kind or two kinds selected from a styryl-based compound represented by the following formula (3) and a triarylamine-based compound represented by the following formula (4). The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 5. Embedded image 7. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, wherein the polycarbonate copolymer having the repeating units represented by the general formulas (1) and (2) has the following structure. Embedded image (M and n represent the molar ratio of each repeating unit, m + n = 1 and 0.01 ≦ n ≦ 0.9.) 8. An electrophotographic apparatus comprising the photoconductor according to claim 1.