JPH0824620A - Liquid distributor with two or more liquid channels and / or heat exchange tower - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To provide a liquid distributor in which uniform distribution of liquid is not impaired even when the head of the water changes. According to the present invention, a liquid to be treated is distributed in a column of a substance and / or heat exchange column through a pipe or a trough arranged along the cross section of the column, over the cross section of the column. A liquid distributor for feeding, in a tube or trough extending laterally along the cross-section of the column, an axial second liquid flow path of the tube or trough formed by the bottom surface of the tube or trough. In addition, one or more further first axial liquid passages are formed, each liquid passage being in liquid communication with each other, and the bottom surface of the first liquid passage being the first liquid passage. The liquid which is located above the bottom surface of the second liquid channel and is introduced into the tube or trough is first introduced into the first liquid channel, and then the first liquid through the communication means between the liquid channels. A liquid distributor characterized in that it is configured to be introduced into the liquid flow path of is there.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a substance and / or a heat exchange column in which a liquid and a gas are caused to flow in countercurrent to each other and come into contact with each other. The present invention relates to a liquid distributor used for distributing liquid, wherein the liquid flow path is doubled to achieve uniform distribution of liquid.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the problems to be solved by the invention
There are many types of liquid distributors used in mass and / or heat exchange towers, and their distribution methods vary, but most of them are used after the liquid has flowed down from above and distributed horizontally. , Is of a type that flows further downward. As a method of distributing the liquid horizontally and then flowing it downward, a plurality of liquid distribution pipes are arranged in parallel to the tower cross section,
There is a method in which a nozzle hole is provided at a lower portion of the distribution pipe to allow the liquid to flow down from the nozzle hole, or a nozzle hole is provided at an upper portion of the distribution pipe to cause the liquid to overflow from the nozzle hole. is there. In addition, as another distribution method, a plurality of U-shaped troughs are provided in parallel to the tower cross section, the liquid is laterally distributed by the troughs, and the liquid overflows from a notch provided in the upper part of the trough. There is. Further, in a large diameter column, a plurality of liquid distributors as described above are arranged side by side, and the liquid distributors are connected by pipes or troughs so that the liquids are evenly distributed to each liquid distributor. It is also often distributed to.

The type in which the liquid is laterally distributed by a liquid distribution pipe is generally a vertical pipe through which the liquid flows down, a main pipe connected horizontally to the vertical pipe, and a main pipe intersecting the main pipe. It is composed of a plurality of distribution pipes connected and horizontally arranged. The liquid flows from the vertical pipe to the main pipe, is then branched into each distribution pipe, and flows down from a nozzle hole arranged in each distribution pipe. In this type of liquid distributor, the amount of liquid flowing out from the nozzle holes arranged in the distribution pipe is determined by the head of the liquid accumulated in the vertical pipe or the main pipe and the diameter and number of the nozzle holes. Of these, the water head is treated as a variable during actual use, and the liquid causes the flow to fluctuate due to fluctuations in the head during use.
When the head is high, the flow rate of the liquid increases, and when the head is low, the flow rate decreases, and correspondingly, the amount of the liquid flowing out from each nozzle hole also increases or decreases. However, in the conventional distributor, when the liquid flow is converted from the vertically downward flow in the vertical pipe to the horizontal horizontal flow in the main pipe, the flow is disturbed at the connection between the vertical pipe and the main pipe. Occurs, and a vortex flow is generated, which causes a pressure fluctuation, resulting in a non-uniform flow rate from each nozzle hole. Further, if the water head changes due to a change in the flow rate during use, the problem that the flow rate from each nozzle hole becomes uneven becomes remarkable. This is because the liquid flow in the main pipe is disturbed by the change in the water head, and as a result, the amount of liquid flowing into each distribution pipe and the amount of liquid flowing out from each nozzle hole become non-uniform. In particular, when the nozzle hole is located on the lower surface of the distribution pipe, the liquid is more likely to flow out from the portion closer to the vertical pipe, and particularly when the head becomes low, the nozzle hole in the portion closer to the vertical pipe is provided. The liquid often flows out only from the nozzle, and the liquid often does not flow out from the nozzle hole far from the vertical pipe.

This phenomenon is of a type in which a U-shaped trough causes the liquid to flow laterally, causing the liquid to overflow from a notch formed on the top of the trough side wall or to flow out from a hole provided on the side surface of the trough. It happens in the distributor as well, but in this case, rather than the fluctuation of the head,
This is because the liquid flowing down from above in the trough or the liquid flowing in from the lateral direction collides with the liquid in the trough to change the liquid surface, and as a result, the flow in the trough is disturbed.

The problem that the uniform distribution of the liquid is impaired due to the liquid flow as described above is not limited to the main pipe in which the liquid flows down from above because it is connected to the vertical pipe. It has also been a problem in pipes or troughs into which liquid flows in laterally, such as connected distribution pipes or distribution troughs.

[0006]

The present inventor has conducted extensive research in order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.
As a result, in a liquid distributor, where the liquid flows laterally along the cross section of the packed column, such as in the main pipe or main trough of the liquid distributor or in the distribution pipe or distribution trough, by the bottom of the pipe or trough. In addition to the axial liquid flow path of the tube or trough that is formed (which functions as the second flow path), one or more additional axial liquid flow paths (which function as the first flow path). Is provided to form a plurality of liquid flow paths, and the respective liquid flow paths are in liquid communication with each other, so that the liquid is first sufficiently expanded by the first flow path to the vicinity of the end of the pipe or trough, Liquid is made to flow down to the second flow path through the liquid communication means between the flow paths, and then is distributed and discharged from the pipe or trough through the opening for liquid outflow provided in the second flow path. Changes in head pressure or flow It found that it is possible to runoff distribution discharged from the tube or trough and cause change of eliminating the problem of non-uniform, thereby completing the present invention.

That is, the present invention is directed to a liquid to be treated over a cross section of a column of substances and / or heat exchange columns via tubes or troughs arranged along the cross section of the column. A liquid distributor for distributing in a column or trough extending laterally along the cross section of a column, the second liquid in the axial direction of the column or trough being formed by the bottom surface of the column or trough. In addition to the flow path, one or more further axial firsts
Liquid channels are formed, the respective liquid channels are in liquid communication with each other, and the bottom surface of the first liquid channel is located above the bottom surface of the second liquid channel. The liquid introduced into the pipe or trough is first introduced into the first liquid channel, and then introduced into the second liquid channel through the connecting means between the liquid channels. The present invention relates to a liquid distributor.

A liquid distributor according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a liquid distributor according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1-a shows a vertical pipe 1 extending in a vertical direction, a main pipe 2 connected to a lower end of the vertical pipe and extending in a horizontal direction, and a plurality of pipes branching from the main pipe and extending in a direction intersecting with the main pipe. FIG. 3 is an overall view of a liquid distributor according to one embodiment of the present invention, which is composed of a distribution pipe 3. The liquid to be distributed flows downward in the vertical pipe 1, then horizontally in the main pipe 2, is branched into each distribution pipe 3, and is formed at the top of each distribution pipe. It overflows from the holes 6 and flows down on the filler material arranged below.

FIG. 1-b is a perspective view showing the inside of the main pipe of such a liquid distributor. In such aspects of the invention,
A plate member 4 having a width, which is preferably substantially equal to the width of the main pipe, is arranged at an intermediate portion inside the main pipe 2 and above a connection portion with the distribution pipe, and is formed by a bottom surface of the main pipe. In addition to the liquid flow path of (1), a further first liquid flow path in the axial direction of the main pipe is formed by the surface of the plate member 4. By providing holes 5 and / or notches 7 at predetermined intervals in the plate member 4, a first liquid channel formed by the plate member 4 and a second liquid channel formed by the bottom of the main pipe. Is in liquid contact with. Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the bottom surface of the first liquid flow path formed by the plate member 4 is arranged above the bottom surface of the second liquid flow path formed by the bottom portion of the main pipe. You can do it. In the liquid distributor according to the aspect of the present invention having such a configuration, the liquid to be distributed first flows down the vertical pipe 1 and then collides with the plate member 4 in the main pipe to be formed by the surface of the plate member 4. Flows in the axial direction of the main pipe along the first liquid flow path. The liquid is spread from the hole 5 and / or the notch 7 provided in the plate member 4 to the vicinity of the end portion of the main pipe while partially flowing down. The liquid flowing down from the holes 5 and / or the notches 7 flows along the second liquid flow path formed by the bottom surface of the main pipe, flows into the distribution pipe 3, and is formed on the top of the distribution pipe 3. It overflows from the existing nozzle hole 6.

In the liquid distributor having such a structure, the liquid flowing down from the vertical pipe is spread to the vicinity of the end portion of the main pipe by the liquid flow path formed by the plate member 4 and is evenly distributed to each distribution pipe. , Like the conventional liquid distributor, the liquid is preferentially distributed to the distribution pipe closer to the vertical pipe,
Especially, when the amount of liquid is small, the problem that the liquid is not distributed to the distribution pipe far from the vertical pipe is solved. Also, the plate material 4
The liquid flow path formed by means also acts to distribute the liquid to each distribution pipe after calming the turbulence of the liquid flow that occurs when the liquid changes its flow direction from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction, It also solves the problem of non-uniform distribution of liquid to each distribution pipe due to flow turbulence at the connection between the vertical pipe and the main pipe.

The number and size of the holes 5 and / or notches provided in the plate member 4 are set so that the liquid flow path formed by the plate member allows the liquid to flow near the end of the main pipe while allowing an appropriate amount of liquid to flow down to the bottom of the main pipe. It is determined in relation to the flow-down amount of the liquid so that the liquid is developed and evenly distributed to each distribution pipe. The appropriate number and size of the holes 5 and / or the notches 7 vary depending on the size of the vertical pipe and the main pipe, the size of the connecting portion with the distribution pipe, the number of distribution pipes, etc., and various parameters are taken into consideration. Can be determined empirically.

Also, instead of or in addition to providing holes 5 and / or notches 7 in the plate, the width and / or the plate
Alternatively, by making the lengths slightly smaller than the width and length of the main pipe, respectively, a gap may be provided between the plate material and the inner wall surface of the main pipe, and the liquid may flow down toward the bottom of the main pipe through the gap. . The appropriate size of the gap in this case is empirically determined in consideration of various parameters as well as the number and size of the holes and / or notches described above. The plate material need not be composed of one member, and as shown in FIG. 4, the plate member 4 can be composed by combining a plurality of members. In this case, a small gap 15 may be provided between the members. The length of the entire plate material is preferably substantially equal to or slightly smaller than the length of the main pipe, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the effect of the present invention can be obtained even if the length of the main pipe is shorter. You can understand. However, in this case, it is desirable that the length of the plate material is at least ⅓ or more of the length of the main pipe. If it is shorter than this, there is a possibility that uniform liquid distribution to all distribution pipes may not be achieved.

The plate member 4 forming the further liquid flow path is not limited to a flat plate-like member, and forms a further liquid flow path in the axial direction of the pipe different from the liquid flow path formed by the bottom of the main pipe. Any shape can be used as long as it has a shape that can be obtained. The shapes of the plate member 4 of various aspects according to the present invention are shown in FIG. FIG. 2a shows a mode in which the plate member 4 is formed in a V shape. In this case, the liquid that has flowed down from the vertical pipe 1 flows along the bottom of the V-shaped first flow path of the plate member 4, and is located between the hole 5 and / or the top of the side wall of the V-shaped plate member and the inner wall of the main pipe. Flows into the main pipe through the gap. 2a
Shows another mode of connection between the main pipe 2 and the distribution pipe 3. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2a, the distribution pipe 3 penetrates the main pipe 2, and a notch 8 is provided in the lower portion at a portion located inside the main pipe of the distribution pipe, and this portion separates the main pipe and the distribution pipe. Liquid contact has been made. The liquid flowing down into the second flow path formed by the bottom of the main pipe through the first liquid flow path formed by the plate member 4 flows into the distribution pipe from the cutout portion of the distribution pipe and overflows from the nozzle hole 6. Shed. FIG. 2b shows a mode in which the plate member 4 is formed in a concave shape. In this case, holes 5 can be provided in the bottom surface and / or the side surfaces of the plate material to allow the liquid to flow down into the main pipe. Further, FIG. 2c shows a mode in which the liquid collecting member 20 is provided at the connecting portion between the main pipe and the vertical pipe, and the tubular plate member 4 is connected thereto. In this case, the hole 5 can be provided in any portion of the tubular plate member 4. In either embodiment, the number and size of the holes and / or notches are empirically determined, taking into account various parameters to achieve optimal liquid uniform distribution.

Although various aspects of the first flow path have been shown above, in all of them, the bottom surface of the first flow path is lower than the bottom surface of the second flow path formed by the main pipe or the main trough. It will be readily appreciated that it has the inventive feature of being located above.

In the above description, the liquid is distributed from the main pipe 2 to the distribution pipe 3 and then the liquid is made to flow down from the nozzle hole 6 formed at the top of the distribution pipe 3, but the distribution pipe 3 is connected. In addition, a hole 30 may be formed at the bottom of the second flow path constituted by the main pipe, and a part of the liquid may be made to flow downward also from this hole (FIG. 1-).
b, see Figures 2a-c).

The configuration of the present invention as described above can also be adopted in a liquid distributor in which the main trough 10 is used instead of the main pipe (see FIG. 3). The configuration of the present invention can also be adopted in a liquid distributor in which a liquid is made to flow down from a hole 11 provided at a side portion of a main trough onto a filler without providing a plurality of distribution pipes (Fig. 5). Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a liquid distributor in which liquid is made to flow down from the hole 30 provided at the bottom of the main trough onto the filling material without providing a distribution pipe is also included in the embodiments of the present invention.
Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the liquid distributor according to the present invention is
It is also possible to dispose a concave plate member 4 inside the main trough, provide a plurality of holes 5 at the bottom (or side) of the plate member, and provide a plurality of notches at the top of the side wall of the main pipe. it can. In this case, the liquid flows from the vertical pipe 1 along the first flow path formed by the plate material, flows down from the hole 5 into the second flow path formed by the trough, and the side wall of the trough. Overflow downward from the notch 12 at the upper end. Even in such a case, the turbulence of the liquid flow generated at the connection portion between the vertical pipe and the main trough is adjusted by the first liquid flow path formed by the plate member 4, and uniform liquid distribution to each notch is achieved. It

In the liquid distributor according to the present invention, one or more additional flow passages (first flow passages) can be provided. Two
In the case where the above-mentioned further flow paths are provided, the turbulence of the liquid flow is controlled by one flow path, and the liquid flow can be distributed and discharged after the flow is further adjusted by the next flow path. Uniform liquid distribution is possible.

As shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of protrusions or plate members 9 can be provided on the surface of the plate member 4 to further adjust the liquid flow in the first flow path. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a movable lid member can be installed in the hole 5 of the plate member to adjust the size of the hole 5 according to the amount of liquid actually used.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the main trough 10
In a mode in which the circular plate is formed in a circular shape and a plurality of distribution pipes 3 are provided inside the circular plate, a circular plate member 4 can be arranged in the main trough and a plurality of holes can be formed on the surface of the plate member. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the above range is included.

In the liquid distributor according to the present invention, in addition to the second flow path formed by the main pipe or the main trough,
A further first flow path is provided, and both flow paths are configured such that the bottom surface of the first flow path is located above the bottom surface of the second flow path and the flow paths are in liquid communication with each other. However, the liquid to be distributed is first introduced into the first flow passage and then introduced into the second flow passage through the liquid communication means, so that the liquid flow in the main pipe or the main trough is reduced. Turbulence can be adjusted to achieve uniform liquid distribution.

[0022]

As explained above, the liquid distributor according to the present invention is a pipe or trough which extends laterally along the cross section of a tower, in which the pipe or trough is formed by the bottom surface of the pipe. Alternatively, in addition to the axial liquid flow path of the trough (functioning as the second liquid flow path), one or more additional axial liquid flow paths are formed (this functions as the first liquid flow path). The bottom of the first liquid channel is located above the bottom of the second liquid channel, and the respective liquid channels are in liquid communication with each other to flow into the pipe or trough. First, the liquid to be flowed through the first flow path to adjust the turbulence of the flow, and then the liquid is introduced into the second flow path formed by the pipe or trough, and the liquid is discharged from the pipe or trough to discharge the water head. It suppresses fluctuations in liquid distribution due to changes in pressure, etc. It is possible to uniformly flow down throughout on the filler.

The embodiment of the present invention is as follows.

1. A liquid distributor for supplying a liquid to be treated over a cross section of the column through a pipe or a trough arranged along the cross section of the substance and / or heat exchange column. In a tube or trough extending laterally along the cross section of the tower, in addition to the axial second liquid flow path of the tube or trough formed by the bottom surface of the tube or trough, one or more A further first liquid channel in the axial direction is formed, the respective liquid channels are in liquid communication with each other, and the bottom surface of the first liquid channel is the bottom surface of the second liquid channel. The liquid which is positioned above the pipe or trough is first introduced into the first liquid passage and then introduced into the second liquid passage through the connecting means between the liquid passages. A liquid distributor characterized in that it is configured to be.

2. The liquid distributor according to item 1, wherein the further liquid flow path is formed by a plate member having a flat plate shape, a V shape, a concave shape, or a tubular shape.

3. The liquid distributor according to the above item 1, wherein a plurality of protrusions are provided on the surface of the plate material.

4. The liquid distributor according to the above item 1, which is composed of a vertical pipe, a main pipe or a main trough, and a distribution pipe or a distribution trough, and a further liquid flow passage (first liquid flow passage) is formed in the main pipe or the main trough. .

5. The liquid distributor according to the above-mentioned item 1, which is composed of a vertical pipe and a main pipe.

6. The liquid distribution according to the above-mentioned item 1, which is composed of a vertical pipe, a main pipe or a main trough and a distribution pipe or a distribution trough, and a further liquid flow passage (first liquid flow passage) is formed in the distribution pipe or the distribution trough. vessel.

7. A main pipe or main trough having a circular shape and a plurality of distribution pipes or distribution troughs arranged inside the main pipe, and a further liquid flow passage (first liquid flow passage) is formed in the main pipe or main trough. The liquid distributor according to item 1 above.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a liquid distributor according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship among a main pipe, a distribution pipe, and a plate material in a liquid distributor according to various aspects of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a liquid distributor according to another aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a liquid distributor according to another aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a liquid distributor according to another aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a liquid distributor according to another aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a liquid distributor according to another aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a liquid distributor according to another aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a view showing a liquid distributor according to another aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a liquid distributor according to another aspect of the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A liquid to be treated is distributed over a cross section of a column of substances and / or a heat exchange column via a tube or trough arranged along the cross section of the column. A liquid distributor in a tube or trough extending laterally along the cross section of a column, in addition to an axial second liquid flow path of the tube or trough formed by the bottom surface of the tube or trough. , One or more further first liquid flow paths in the axial direction are formed, each liquid flow path is in liquid communication with each other, and the bottom surface of the first liquid flow path is the second liquid flow path. The liquid, which is located above the bottom surface of the liquid flow path and is introduced into the tube or trough, is first introduced into the first liquid flow path, and then the second liquid via the connecting means between the liquid flow paths. A liquid distributor configured to be introduced into a liquid flow path.