JPH08223068A - Wireless communication device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To suppress the generation of null points that can be formed in a directional pattern when a plurality of wireless communication device elements are collectively arranged in a limited laying place. In addition, the pattern of directivity is prevented from changing depending on the number of wireless communication device elements. A plurality of antennas provided for performing diversity for each of a plurality of wireless communication device elements are alternately arranged above and below adjacent wireless communication device elements,
Eliminate the influence of antennas of adjacent wireless communication elements. [Effect] The mutual coupling between the antennas is weakened, and a directional pattern close to the directional pattern of the wireless communication device element alone can be obtained.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a wireless communication device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It can be said that effective use of frequency is one of important issues in wireless communication. As an effective means for this problem, there is a microcell system. The microcell system is to increase the frequency repetition frequency by making the cell radius covered by one base station as small as several hundred meters. In order to realize the micro cell system, it is necessary to increase the number of base stations and arrange them at a high density. Currently, the place where the base station is located is on the telephone box.
Examples include utility poles, rooftops of buildings, and signal lights. In addition, it is considered to install such a base station on the ceiling or wall even in an underground mall.

In a downtown area and a business area, it is necessary to increase the number of communication lines by using a plurality of carriers in order to cope with a huge amount of communication traffic. Therefore, it is effective to arrange a plurality of base stations in one place to handle a plurality of carriers. According to this method, a low-cost system can be realized by mass-producing simple base stations that communicate with a single carrier or a small number of carriers. Further, it is possible to inexpensively cope with a change in communication traffic due to a change in social activity.

[0004]

As described in the prior art, in order to realize a microcell, it is necessary to arrange a large number of base stations, and a plurality of base stations are required on the telephone box, telephone poles, signal lights, etc. It is conceivable to centrally arrange. But,
Since these were originally created for different purposes,
It is difficult to secure sufficient space for centrally arranging multiple base stations. In particular, telephone poles occupy a large space for electric wires and there is not enough space, and in addition to the problems that they must be arranged so as not to interfere with electric wire exchange, a vertical stacking arrangement method that arranges many wireless base stations vertically Implementation is difficult.
As a preferable installation method, there is a horizontal stacking method in which the housings of the base stations are horizontally arranged. However, when a plurality of external antennas represented by a sleeve antenna are arranged in parallel, the antennas are coupled with each other and the directivity pattern is deformed. Further, as a result, there are problems such as a null point in the directivity.

As an example, as shown in FIG. 1, W2.0λ
Consider a case in which three element units each having two antennas in a housing of a size of × L0.5λ × H1.5λ are arranged horizontally for a base station performing diversity reception. At this time, the distance between the two antennas is 1.5λ.

In the case of a single base station element, the directivity pattern shown in FIG. 2 is obtained. As shown in the figure, it is the directivity pattern of the half-wave sleeve antenna due to the influence of the proximity antenna and the housing.
Character pattern of "" is slightly distorted, but directivity pattern 1 on the vertical plane
As shown in 1, radio waves are radiated in a substantially horizontal direction.
Further, as shown by the directivity pattern 12 on the horizontal plane, there are no null points on the horizontal plane.

FIG. 3 shows a directivity pattern when a plurality of base station elements are horizontally arranged as shown in FIG. Looking at the directivity pattern 15 on the horizontal plane, a null point is generated in the direction of 60 degrees, and the directivity pattern is greatly affected by the antennas of adjacent base station elements. Therefore, the sensitivity of radio waves coming from the null point direction is significantly deteriorated.

Since the influence of the adjacent antennas depends on the position and the number of the antennas existing in the vicinity, the arrangement design must be changed according to the number of base stations in the case of concentrated arrangement.

[0009]

In order to solve the above problems, according to the present invention, one or a plurality of carriers are used to communicate with another wireless communication device or a wireless terminal, and a high place separated from the ground by a supporting means. Or installed on the wall of the structure,
One or a plurality of antennas are installed in the housing, and a plurality of wireless communication device elements, which are either above or below the housing, are placed horizontally in close proximity to each other, and are mounted on the housing adjacent to the antenna mounted on one housing. The antennas are installed centrally so that the mounting directions of the antennas are alternately arranged in the order of upward, downward, or downward and upward.

Further, in the radio communication device element in which antennas facing upward and downward with respect to the housing are arranged, the housing with the antenna facing upward is shifted to the upper side, and the housing with the antenna facing downward is shifted to the lower side. To do.

Further, the reception signals received by the plurality of antennas mounted on the housing are diversity-received.

Further, in a two-branch diversity in which two antennas are attached to one housing, one of the two antennas is above the housing and in the longitudinal direction from the center of the upper end surface to the upper end surface. Wireless communication in which one other antenna is arranged at a position displaced to one side below the housing and in a position symmetrical to the upper end face in the longitudinal direction of the lower end face from the center of the lower end face. When using a device element, in the case where a plurality of housings are brought close to each other in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the upper end surface of the housing and one of the supporting means or the structure is concentrated and supported,
The antenna mounted on the housing and the antenna mounted on the closest housing are arranged horizontally so that the mounting direction of the closest antenna is different between the upper and lower directions.

Also, in a two-branch diversity system in which two antennas are used in one housing, one of the two antennas is above the housing and in the longitudinal direction from the center of the upper end surface to the upper end surface. Wireless communication in which one other antenna is arranged at a position displaced to one side below the housing and in a position symmetrical to the upper end face in the longitudinal direction of the lower end face from the center of the lower end face. When a plurality of housings are brought close to each other in the longitudinal direction of the upper end surface of the housing by using the device element and concentrated and supported by one supporting means or a structure, the antennas are sequentially attached to the housing as viewed in the longitudinal direction. Are alternately arranged above and below.

Further, when the number of adjacent housings is 2, one of the housings has an antenna above, and the other of the housings has an antenna below and the antenna is below the housing above the antenna. The enclosures extending vertically are arranged vertically.

[0015]

According to the above means for solving the problems, when a plurality of casings are arranged in parallel, the respective antennas are arranged vertically symmetrical with respect to the casings between adjacent radio communication device elements.
If an antenna that is not easily affected by the housing, such as a sleeve antenna, is used as the antenna, the vertical surface (E surface)
The directivity of is not distorted, and has a vertically directional directivity pattern in which the maximum radiation direction is horizontal. Therefore, when arranging the antenna upside down, the radio environment in the cell does not change. Also, by placing the antenna upside down, the housing can be inserted between the antennas, and the coupling between the antennas can be weakened.
As a result, affecting one antenna is another antenna mounted on the same wireless communication device element for diversity reception and a wireless communication device element further adjacent to the adjacent wireless communication device element, that is, two. It becomes an antenna attached to the wireless communication element of the eye. Since one wireless communication device element is inserted between the antenna attached to the second wireless communication device, a sufficient distance can be secured, and therefore the antenna directivity is almost the same as that of one wireless communication device element.

Further, according to the above-mentioned solving means, it is possible to prevent the beam tilt caused by the electric current flowing through the adjacent housings.
Good omnidirectionality can be obtained even when antennas are mounted on the top and bottom.

Further, according to the above-mentioned solving means, it is possible to reduce the influence of the antennas of the radio communication device elements which are close to each other even when the diversity reception is performed by the plurality of antennas attached to the housing.

Further, according to the above-mentioned solving means, since the two antennas for performing the diversity are arranged in symmetrical positions with the housing sandwiched therebetween, a sufficient diversity gain can be obtained. Moreover, among the antennas of the wireless communication device elements that are close to each other, the antenna closest to the horizontal plane is on the opposite side with the housing sandwiched therebetween. Therefore, without being affected by this proximity antenna,
A good directivity pattern is obtained.

Further, according to the above-mentioned solving means, since the two antennas for performing diversity are arranged in symmetrical positions with the housing sandwiched therebetween, sufficient diversity gain can be obtained. Since the antennas of the adjacent wireless communication device elements that have an influence on the directivity can be separated from each other by the distance in the longitudinal direction of the housing, the influence is almost eliminated.

Further, according to the above-mentioned solving means, since the antennas of the two housings are arranged in symmetrical positions with the two housings sandwiched therebetween, they are hardly affected by each. Therefore, the directivity pattern is obtained in the case of each housing alone.

[0021]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the wireless communication device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the structure of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing a directivity pattern of one embodiment of the present invention.

An embodiment of the present invention is a pole 1 such as a telephone pole or a traffic light.
An example will be described in which three base station elements are centrally arranged in 0. The housings 1, 2, 3 of the respective base station elements are placed so that the longitudinal directions of the housings are parallel to each other. Similar to the above example, the size of the housing is W2.0λ × L0.5λ × H1.5λ, and will be described as an example.

When all the nearby antennas are mounted in the same direction as in the example shown in FIG. 1, since the antennas of the adjacent base station elements are close to each other, the directivity pattern is distorted under the influence of the antennas. On the other hand, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the antennas are alternately mounted on the upper and lower housings of the adjacent base station elements. That is, the antennas 4 and 5 of the housing 1 are attached upward, but the antennas 6 and 6 of the housing 2 next to the antennas 6 and 5 are attached.
Antennas 7 and 8 are attached downward, 7 and upwardly, on the housing 3 adjacent thereto.

As a result, the antenna closest to the antenna is the antenna mounted on the second closest housing, so that the distance between the antennas can be made larger than in the example shown in FIG. That is, the antenna closest to the antenna 4 is the antenna 5 on the same housing and the antenna 8 on the housing 3 adjacent thereto. Therefore, the influence of the antenna 6 attached to the adjacent housing 2 can be reduced and the occurrence of null points can be prevented.

As can be seen from the directivity pattern of FIG. 5, the directivity pattern 18 on the horizontal plane has no null points and has good characteristics.

The practice of the invention requires two types of base station elements, one with the antenna mounted upward and the other with the antenna mounted downward. However, if a base station element that can be used upside down is used, only one type of base station can be used. This can reduce the production cost of the base station.

In the above embodiment, the base station which performs diversity reception has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. 1
Even when the antenna is provided and the diversity reception is not performed, the influence of the adjacent antennas can be reduced by alternately mounting the antennas attached to the adjacent casings vertically. Also, the description has been given by taking the diversity with two antennas as an example, but the effect does not change even with three or more antennas.

In the above embodiment, the case where three base station elements are centrally arranged has been described as an example, but the effect is the same even when two or four or more base station elements are arranged. Also, although the antenna arrangement is explained in the order of top / bottom / top, the effect does not change in bottom / top / bottom order.

In the above embodiment, W2.0λ × L0.5λ × H
The description has been given by taking the case of 1.5λ as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. Since the mutual coupling between the antennas increases as L decreases, the effect of the present invention becomes greater than when the antennas are attached only to the upper side or the lower side as shown in FIG.

In the present invention, the method of using a pole such as a telephone pole or a traffic light has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this.
Even when the base station according to the present invention is mounted on the telephone box or the wall of the building, the effect is the same.

Another embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of the present embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram showing a directivity pattern in the present embodiment.

In FIG. 6, the housings 1, 2 and 3 of the base station element are shifted from each other by the height of each housing in the direction in which the antenna is mounted. In this embodiment, the distance between the antenna 4 and the antenna 6 of the adjacent base station element is wider than that in the embodiment shown in FIG. Therefore, the influence is reduced as compared with the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, and good characteristics close to those of the base station element alone can be obtained.

From the directivity pattern of FIG. 7, it can be seen that the radio waves are radiated horizontally in the directivities 19 and 20 on the vertical plane. Further, with the directivity 21 on the horizontal plane, a directivity pattern close to the directivity 12 of the housing alone shown in FIG. 2 is obtained,
The influence of the proximity antenna is reduced.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the shift interval of the housing is the same as the height of the housing, but the invention is not limited to this. The wider the shift interval, the less the influence of the antennas attached to the adjacent housings. However, since the influence of the second base station element cannot be removed, even if the shift interval is increased to some extent or more, the effect does not change.

FIG. 8 is a structural diagram showing still another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 8, two antennas are attached to each of the housings 1, 2 and 3 of the base station to perform diversity reception. The respective antennas are mounted at positions vertically symmetrical with respect to the housing, and have a low correlation coefficient with each other and good diversity gain.

An upward antenna 4 is attached to the housing 1 on the other side of the drawing, and a downward antenna 5 is attached to the front side. On the other hand, the housing 2 has an upward antenna 7 on the front side and a downward antenna 6 on the other side. As a result, the antenna closest to the antenna 4 mounted on the upper side becomes the antenna 7 mounted on the adjacent housing or the antenna 8 mounted on the housing 3.
Since these antennas can be sufficiently spaced from each other, coupling between the antennas can be suppressed.
Therefore, it is possible to obtain a directivity pattern close to that of the case of a single housing. According to the present embodiment, the respective housings have a structure in which the left and right sides are reversed and arranged in parallel, so that the housing designs can be unified. Therefore, it can be realized with only one type of housing, and the manufacturing cost of the housing can be reduced.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the structure of still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a characteristic view showing the directivity pattern of this embodiment.

In FIG. 9, two antennas are attached to each of the casings 1, 2 and 3 of the base station to perform diversity reception. Similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the respective antennas are mounted vertically symmetrically with respect to the housing, and good diversity gain can be obtained.

One antenna of each base station element is arranged at a position displaced in one of the longitudinal directions of the housing, and another antenna is arranged at a position symmetrical upside down with respect to the housing. When a plurality of casings are arranged horizontally, if they are arranged in the longitudinal direction as shown in the figure, the distance between the antennas can be set to the length of the casing in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, the distances between the antennas can be sufficiently separated, and mutual coupling of the antennas can be reduced.

As an example, the size of the housing is W2.0λ × L
FIG. 10 shows the directivity pattern in the case of 0.5λ × H1.5λ. As seen in the figure, the pattern on one side of the directional pattern 22 on the water surface is deteriorated due to the influence of the housing, but the vertical plane pattern 22 has a figure-eight pattern and the effect of adjacent antennas is small. I understand.
According to the directional pattern 24 on the horizontal plane, a good characteristic with a directional gain of 0 dB can be obtained in a wide range of ± 60 around the 0 ° and 180 ° directions.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the structure of still another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the structure in which two housings are vertically arranged, and FIG. 13 is an orientation of the embodiment of FIG. It is a characteristic view which shows a sex pattern.

In FIG. 11, the number of housings centrally arranged is two. At this time, even if the housing is arranged vertically, the height is at most two housings, which does not interfere with the electric wires and traffic signals. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, when the antenna of the housing 2 is also arranged on the upper side, the antennas 6 and 7 of the housing 1 of the upper base station and the housing 2 of the lower base station
It is necessary to separate a certain distance or more. Otherwise, the directional patterns of the antennas 6 and 7 will be distorted under the influence of the housing 1. In order not to affect the directivity pattern, it is desirable to separate them by ½ wavelength or more. Therefore, the space occupied by the base station becomes large.

In this embodiment, since the two housings are inserted between the upper and lower antennas, there is almost no difference from the characteristics of the single housing. In the case of the housing alone, the maximum radiation direction of the horizontal plane is horizontal, so that the radiation characteristics do not change even when the housing 2 is turned upside down.

As an example, the size of the housing is W2.0λ × L
FIG. 13 shows the directivity pattern in the case of 0.5λ × H1.5λ. Although the directivity pattern 26 on the vertical plane is slightly changed as compared with the directivity pattern of the housing alone in FIG. 2, the directivity gain in the horizontal maximum gain direction is almost the same. The horizontal directional pattern 27 also substantially matches the single directional pattern 12. That is, it can be seen that the pattern is hardly changed by arranging a plurality of housings.

[0045]

According to the present invention, when a plurality of base stations are centrally arranged, the influence of antennas of adjacent base station elements is reduced, and radio waves are received by a directivity pattern when there is a single base station element. It can be performed. Therefore, when arranging a plurality of base stations, it is not necessary to consider the number of base stations, and the line can be designed by the same design method as in the case of a single base station. Further, it is possible to eliminate the null points of the directivity pattern by arranging a plurality of base stations in a concentrated manner and obtain good reception characteristics.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration in which a plurality of housings are horizontally arranged in parallel.

FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing a directivity pattern of another antenna when two antennas are arranged on an upper part of a housing and one antenna is terminated by a matching impedance.

FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing a directivity pattern of an antenna when the three base station elements shown in FIG. 1 are centrally arranged.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a characteristic diagram showing a directivity pattern of the antenna of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a characteristic diagram showing a directivity pattern of the antenna of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a characteristic diagram showing a directivity pattern of the antenna of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a configuration in which an antenna is located on the upper side of a housing for both base station elements.

13 is a characteristic diagram showing a directivity pattern of the antenna of the embodiment shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 to 3 ... housing, 4 to 9 ... antenna, 10 ... pillar, 11 to 11
27 ... Directivity pattern.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. One or a plurality of carriers are used to communicate with other wireless communication devices or wireless terminals, and the one or more carriers are installed on a wall at a height or a structure separated from the ground by a supporting means. A plurality of wireless communication device elements, each of which has one antenna above or below the housing, are placed horizontally in close proximity to each other, and the mounting direction of the antenna mounted on the housing adjacent to the antenna mounted on one housing is A radio communication device, characterized in that a plurality of carriers communicate with each other by arranging them in one supporting means or in one of the structures in such a manner that they are alternately arranged in the order of upper, lower or lower, upper. 2. The wireless communication device according to claim 1, wherein the wireless communication device element in which antennas facing upward and downward with respect to the casing are arranged has the antenna facing upward with respect to the casing. A radio communication device in which the element is arranged on the upper side, and the element in which the antenna faces downward with respect to the housing is arranged shifted downward. 3. The wireless communication device according to claim 1, wherein the reception signals received by the plurality of antennas attached to the housing are diversity-received. 4. The two-branch diversity device according to claim 3, wherein two antennas are attached to one housing, and one of the two antennas is above the housing and at the center of the upper end surface. From the center of the upper end face to the one side of the upper end face in the longitudinal direction, and further another antenna is displaced from the center of the lower end face to the direction symmetrical to the upper end face in the longitudinal direction of the lower end face. Using a wireless communication device element arranged in
When a plurality of housings are placed close to each other in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the upper end surface of the housing to support them by one supporting means or a structure, the antenna mounted on the housing and the antenna closest to the housing are mounted. A wireless communication device in which the antennas are arranged horizontally so that the closest antennas are mounted in different directions, above and below. 5. The two-branch diversity system according to claim 3, wherein two antennas are used in one housing.
One of the above antennas is located above the housing and at a position displaced from the center of the upper end surface to one side in the longitudinal direction of the upper end surface, and another antenna is below the housing and below the lower end surface. Using a wireless communication device element arranged at a position displaced in the longitudinal direction of the lower end face from the center of the casing in a direction symmetrical with the upper end face, a plurality of casings are brought close to each other in the longitudinal direction of the upper end face of the casing. A wireless communication device in which antennas are alternately arranged above and below with respect to the housing when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the housing when being concentrated and supported by the means or the structure. 6. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, when the number of adjacent housings is 2, one of the housings has an antenna above and the other of the housings has an antenna below and the antennas above. A wireless communication device in which a box with an antenna extending downward is arranged vertically below a box.