JPH08212387A - Three-dimensional figure generation processing device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] A three-dimensional surface is approximated as a collection of polygonal planes, and the color or brightness inside the polygonal planes is continuously changed to create a shaded stereoscopic effect, and a polygonal shape. By mapping on a flat surface, it is possible to display a three-dimensional figure with a sense of material at high speed. A three-dimensional figure having a three-dimensional effect is generated by a color look-up table 14 and a color information calculating means 13, and a polygonal plane is mapped by a mapping data 16 and a mapping processing means 15. In a device that generates a three-dimensional figure having a feeling, calculates pixel information of the three-dimensional figure to be drawn, and writes the pixel information in the frame buffer 18, the perturbation term is added to the discrete function in the device that shades the three-dimensional figure. By providing the introduced perturbation processing means 22 for performing the dynamic function processing by any one of the means 131, 132, 151, 152 and 17, high speed processing is realized.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention, in computer graphics (CG), approximates the surface of a three-dimensional shape as a collection of polygonal planes, and continuously changes the color or brightness inside the polygonal planes. The present invention relates to a three-dimensional figure generation processing device for displaying a three-dimensional figure having a three-dimensional effect with shading and a material appearance by mapping a polygonal plane.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in CG, the surface of a three-dimensional shape is approximated as a collection of polygonal planes, and the color inside the polygonal planes is continuously changed to create a three-dimensional figure with a three-dimensional effect. The generation method is called the smooth shading method.This method calculates the color of each vertex divided into polygons and interpolates the color inside the surface to obtain the brightness of the display pixel and displays it. This is a method to obtain smooth shading by calculating inside the surface. And
As the interpolation method inside the surface, there are Grourand Shading and Pho.
ng Shading is well known.

Various shading models have been proposed for calculating the color of each polygonal vertex in the smooth shading method. As typical shading models, the Lanbert Model and Cook-Torrance Model are famous. Then, the processing time for color calculation is short because the specular reflection light component is not taken into consideration, but there is a problem that the highlight part is not generated,
The Cook-Torrance Model brings in a more sophisticated light source model, and the highlights are generated, so it matches the actual one, but the color calculation is very time-consuming.

In order to solve these problems, a brightness value is calculated without performing color calculation at each polygon vertex, and a color lookup table in which the relationship between the brightness value and color information is described as a table is prepared in advance. Then, a method is adopted in which the processing time is shortened by determining the color from the calculated luminance value using a color lookup table. Furthermore, as in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-263886, the shading model itself used when generating a color lookup table is referred to as Cook-Torrance Mode.
There is a method of shortening the color lookup table generation processing time by simplifying l.

By using the color lookup table, the relative contribution rate is changed with respect to each of the color component information (for example, R, G, and B in the case of RGB) set in the color lookup table. In this case, the color of the three-dimensional figure can be changed by changing the reference method of the color lookup table to be referred to for each of R, G, and B.

Further, conventionally, texture mapping, reflection mapping, and bump mapping are well known as methods for performing mapping on a polygonal plane to display a three-dimensional figure having a material appearance. In these mapping processes, data to be mapped is created in advance, and the texture is given by referring to the corresponding color or vector data from the mapping data inside each polygon.

In texture mapping and bump mapping, the amount of data for mapping is reduced as much as possible and the hardware scale is reduced.
The mapping data is made small and repeatedly used. However, by using it repeatedly,
There arises a problem that a boundary is conspicuous on each mapped polygonal plane. To solve these problems,
As in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-507031, there is a method of generating texture data capable of seamlessly joining any random sample of a surface texture pattern so as to cover any desired surface area.

Further, since the material appearance obtained by the mapping process is not shaded, in the brightness value of each polygonal plane calculated by the light source calculation by the shading model, the mapping process is performed with respect to a certain brightness value level. Shading is performed by making the calculated color information 100% correspondent and adjusting the brightness level of the color information of each polygonal plane calculated by the mapping processing according to the brightness value of each polygonal plane calculated using the shading model. There is a way to do it.

[0009]

As a first problem to be solved by the present invention, in the prior art, when a color on each polygonal plane is determined by using a color lookup table, a display is performed. For a partial color change due to a slight change in the position of the light source, etc., for a three-dimensional figure, create a color lookup table that should be newly changed, or create a different color look The color look-up table must be changed to the up table, and the color look-up table is stored in a predetermined memory area, which causes a data transfer time in any case, resulting in a reduction in processing efficiency. Also, if the color lookup table is not changed, the brightness value calculation at each polygon apex due to a slight change in the position of the light source will be recalculated, and if there are many related polygon planes, There is also a problem that the calculation time is required and the processing efficiency is also reduced. This causes a problem that it takes a very long processing time, especially when changing a partial color of a three-dimensional figure displayed in time series such as animation.

As a second problem, the conventional technique is used when a similar texture is expressed when a three-dimensional figure having a texture is displayed by mapping a polygonal plane. You must either change the existing mapping data or store several similar mapping data in the memory area in advance. There was a problem that the amount increased.

As a third problem, in the conventional technique, when the material appearance obtained by the mapping process is shaded, the final color information of each polygonal plane is set to be slightly changed. There has been a problem that the level of the brightness value in each polygonal plane that corresponds to 100% of the color information calculated by the mapping process must be changed.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention uses a color look-up table even for a partial change in color of a three-dimensional figure to be displayed due to a slight change in the position of a light source. It is possible to realize without changing and recalculating the brightness value calculation at each polygon vertex, and further changing the mapping data when expressing a similar material feeling in the mapping process. It is possible to realize without the need for a small amount of data for mapping and to reduce the hardware scale, even when the mapping data is made small and repeatedly used, it is possible to join seamlessly. Further, when the final color information of each polygonal plane is subtly changed in the process of shading the material appearance given by the mapping process. Also, a three-dimensional graphic generation processing device that can realize the color information calculated by the set mapping processing without changing the level of the luminance value on each polygonal plane that makes 100% correspondence is provided. The purpose is to

[0013]

In order to achieve the above object, the three-dimensional figure generation processing apparatus of the present invention employs the following technical means. That is, a color lookup table that specifies color information using index values and a surface of a three-dimensional shape are approximated as a set of polygonal planes, and the index values of each vertex of the polygonal planes are converted into graphics information of the polygonal planes. The index value inside the polygon is calculated by using the patch vertex index value calculating means and the index value of each vertex of each polygon plane calculated by the patch vertex index value calculating means, which is obtained according to the graphics information setting means to be set and the shading model. A mapping data for generating a shaded three-dimensional figure having a three-dimensional effect by a color information calculation means including an interpolation processing means determined by interpolation and designating information to be mapped with mapping coordinate values, and a graphic. Graphics of polygonal plane set by the information setting means The mapping inside the polygon using the mapping coordinate values of the polygon vertices set by the patch vertex mapping coordinate setting means and the patch vertex mapping coordinate setting means for setting the mapping coordinate values of the respective vertices of the polygon plane using the shadow information. The inside of the polygon calculated by the color information calculation means is generated by the mapping processing means including the inside-patch mapping coordinate calculation means for calculating the coordinate values to generate a three-dimensional figure having a material appearance by mapping the polygonal plane. The pixel information of the three-dimensional figure to be drawn is calculated by using the index value of 1 and the color information of the inside of the polygon calculated by the mapping processing means, and is stored in the frame buffer. 3D image with a three-dimensional effect in which the display device is shaded based on the pixel information Display control means for displaying a, in which a perturbation processing means for performing dynamic function processing using the perturbation terms in discrete function upon figure generating.

In order to solve the above first problem, the perturbation processing means is provided so as to process the index value calculated by the patch vertex index value calculation means.

As another means for solving the first problem, the perturbation processing means processes the index value calculated by the interpolation processing means for determining the index value inside the polygon by interpolation. It is provided as follows.

In order to solve the second problem, the perturbation processing means processes the mapping coordinate value set by the patch vertex mapping coordinate setting means for setting the mapping coordinate value of each vertex of the polygonal plane. It is provided to do so.

As another means for solving the second problem, the perturbation processing means processes the mapping coordinates calculated by the patch internal mapping coordinate calculating means for calculating the mapping coordinates inside the polygon. It was installed in.

In order to solve the third problem, the perturbation processing means calculates pixel information of a three-dimensional figure to be drawn and writes it in the frame buffer. The pixel information calculated by the pixel information calculation means is processed. It is provided to do so.

[0019]

In the present invention, the perturbation processing means for performing the dynamic function processing in which the perturbation term is introduced into the discrete function is provided, and the first
In order to solve the above problem, the index values of the vertices of each polygonal plane calculated by the patch vertex index value calculation means are passed to the perturbation processing means, and the perturbation processing means causes a portion associated with a slight change in the position of the light source. In order to deal with the dynamic color change, the index value is changed by the dynamic function processing in which the perturbation term is introduced into the discrete function for the passed index value. In this case, it is possible to realize various modification processes depending on the size of the perturbation term and the parameter value of the discrete function used, and the interpolation process is performed using the modified index values of the vertices of each polygon plane. Calculate the index value inside the polygon by means of interpolation,
The corresponding color information is retrieved from the color lookup table to determine the color inside the polygon. As a result, it is possible to give a partial color change of the three-dimensional figure by subtly changing the index values at the vertices of each polygonal plane, without changing the color lookup table, and It is possible to obtain the effect that the calculation of the brightness value at each polygon vertex can be processed without recalculation, and the reduction of the processing efficiency is not caused.

Further, the index value inside each polygon plane calculated by the interpolation processing means for determining the index value inside the polygon by interpolation is passed to the perturbation processing means, and the perturbation processing means determines the position of the light source. In order to deal with a partial change in color due to a minute change, the index value is changed by a dynamic function process in which a perturbation term is introduced in the discrete function for the passed index value. Even in this case, various modification processes can be realized depending on the size of the perturbation term and the value of the parameter of the discrete function to be used, and the color information corresponding to the index value inside each modified polygon is the color look-up. Taken from the up table and determines the color inside the polygon plane. This makes it possible to give a partial color change of the three-dimensional figure by subtly changing the index value in each polygon plane, and similarly without changing the color lookup table, Further, it is possible to obtain the effect that the calculation of the brightness value at each polygon vertex can be performed without recalculation, and the reduction of the processing efficiency is not caused.

For the second problem, the mapping coordinate value set by the patch vertex mapping coordinate setting means for setting the mapping coordinate value of each vertex of the polygonal plane is passed to the perturbation processing means, and the perturbation processing means. , In order to express a very similar material appearance, the mapping coordinate value is changed by a dynamic function process in which a perturbation term is introduced into the discrete function with respect to the passed mapping coordinate value. Even in this case, various modification processes can be realized depending on the size of the perturbation term and the value of the parameter of the discrete function to be used, and the inside of the patch is modified by using the modified mapping coordinate values of the vertices of each polygon plane. The mapping coordinate calculating means calculates the mapping coordinates inside the polygon and determines the corresponding mapping information from the mapping data. This makes it possible to subtly change the mapping coordinate values at the vertices of each polygonal plane to express a material appearance that is very similar to that of a three-dimensional figure, without changing the mapping data used. The effect that processing can be performed without storing several types of similar mapping data in the memory area in advance, the processing efficiency does not decrease due to the data transfer time, and the amount of memory to be stored can also be reduced. Is obtained.

Further, the mapping coordinates calculated by the patch internal mapping coordinate calculating means for calculating the mapping coordinates inside the polygon are passed to the perturbation processing means, and the perturbation processing means expresses a similar texture. With respect to the passed mapping coordinate value, the mapping coordinate value is changed by a dynamic function process in which a perturbation term is introduced in the discrete function. Even in this case, various modification processes can be realized depending on the size of the perturbation term and the value of the parameter of the discrete function to be used, and the mapping information corresponding to the modified mapping coordinate value in each polygon plane is obtained. Determined from the mapping data, the mapping information inside the polygonal plane is determined. As a result, it becomes possible to subtly change the mapping coordinate values inside each polygonal plane to express a material feeling similar to that of a three-dimensional figure.
It can be processed without changing the mapping data used and without storing several similar mapping data in the memory area in advance, without reducing the processing efficiency due to the data transfer time. The advantage is that the amount of memory to be stored can be reduced. Further, when the mapping coordinates inside the polygonal plane are changed by the perturbation processing means, the range in which the perturbation term swings to zero is set to the contour part of the polygonal plane, or the range is kept to a very small range to obtain the mapping data. Even when the texture data that can be joined seamlessly is made small and is repeatedly used, it is possible to join seamlessly.

For the third problem, the pixel information calculated by the pixel information calculation means for calculating the pixel information of the three-dimensional figure to be drawn and writing it in the frame buffer is passed to the perturbation processing means, and the perturbation processing means. When the shading model is used to shade the texture, the color information calculated by the mapping process is calculated for the brightness level of each polygonal plane calculated by the light source calculation using the shading model. In the method of adjusting the luminance level of the color information of each polygonal plane calculated by the mapping processing according to the luminance value of each polygonal plane calculated by using the shading model with 100% correspondence, In order to subtly change the color information of the polygonal plane, a perturbation term is introduced in the discrete function for the passed pixel information. The Namikku function processing, to change the level of brightness values in each polygon plane to associate the color information calculated by the mapping process 100%. Even in this case, various modification processes can be realized depending on the size of the perturbation term and the parameter values of the discrete function used, and the color information calculated by the modified mapping process is 10
Using the level of the luminance value on each polygonal plane corresponding to 0%, the pixel information of the three-dimensional figure to be drawn is calculated and written in the frame buffer. Shading the. This makes it possible to delicately change the color information of each final polygonal plane in the process of shading the material appearance performed by the mapping process, and the color information calculated by the set mapping process is set to 100. % It is possible to achieve the effect that the level can be realized without changing the level of the brightness value in each polygonal plane.

[0024]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, a perturbation process for introducing a perturbation term into a discrete function of the present invention for performing a dynamic function process will be described with reference to the drawings.

The discrete function is fn + 1 (x) = fn
This is represented by (x), and FIG. 8A shows an example of a very simple discrete function. The perturbation term is expressed by a noise function, and an example thereof is white noise often used in control engineering. The perturbation processing in the present invention is the introduction of a perturbation term in a discrete function, and in the description of the present embodiment, the method of giving the perturbation term is that the additive type perturbation system function and the multiplicatively introduced The dynamical function processing will be described using the two types of introduced multiplicative perturbation system functions.

FIG. 9A shows an additive type perturbation system function in which a perturbation term is additively introduced to FIG. 8A, and FIG. 9A shows a multiplicative perturbation system function in which a perturbation term is multiplicatively introduced. Shown in b). The wavy line function in FIG. 9 has a fluctuation range that varies depending on the size of the noise function used for the perturbation term. And in FIG.
When the perturbation term in is set to 0, it agrees with Fig. 8 (a). FIG. 8 (b) shows the behavior in the case of FIG. 8 (a) for the sake of simplification, in the case of treating it as a discrete function that sequentially generates the nth value to the (n + 1) th value of the perturbation system function. And
Various behaviors as shown in FIG. 10 can be realized by changing the shape of the discrete function. That is, 0 in FIG.
10 (b) converges to a value other than 0, forms 3 periodic points in FIG. 10 (c), and becomes irregular behavior commonly called chaos in FIG. 10 (d). .

In the present invention, a perturbation term is further added to a discrete function in which the function itself performs extremely dynamic function processing by changing the parameters that give the function shape as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. Generally, when digital processing is used as in the three-dimensional figure generation processing device in the field of use of the present invention, a truncation error always occurs, and a mathematically irregular behavior always converges to a certain point. If you do so, you will end up falling into the periodic point, and it will also include solving that problem.

Each embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. For simplicity of description, a Lanbert Model shown in (Equation 1) is used as a shading model, and Grourand Shading is used as a smooth shading method. The plane is a triangle, the interpolation process is performed for each scan line, the luminance value is used as the index of the color lookup table, and the mapping process will be described only in the case of texture mapping.

I = I _a K _a + I _l K _d cos θ I: intensity of reflected light I _a : intensity of ambient light I _l : intensity of incident light K _a : diffuse reflection coefficient of ambient light K _d : diffusion of incident light Reflection coefficient θ: Angle between the direction of the ray and the normal direction

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a three-dimensional image generation processing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, 11 is a graphics information setting means for approximating the surface of a three-dimensional shape as a set of polygonal planes and setting the graphics information of the polygonal planes. 1
Reference numeral 2 denotes a shading model for continuously changing the color inside the polygonal plane to generate a three-dimensional figure having a three-dimensional effect with shading. Reference numeral 131 is a patch vertex index value calculating means for obtaining the index value of each vertex of the polygonal plane according to the graphics information setting means 11 and the shading model 12. Reference numeral 132 denotes an interpolation processing unit that determines the index value inside the polygonal plane by interpolation using the index value of each vertex of each polygonal plane calculated by the patch vertex index value calculation unit 131. These patch vertex index value calculation means 1
31 and the interpolation processing means 132, the color information calculating means 13
Is configured. Reference numeral 14 is a color lookup table that specifies the color information at each polygon vertex with an index value. Reference numeral 151 denotes patch vertex mapping coordinate setting means for setting the mapping coordinate value of each vertex of the polygon plane using the index information of the polygon plane set by the graphics information setting means 11. Reference numeral 152 denotes a patch internal mapping coordinate calculation means for calculating mapping coordinate values inside the polygon using the mapping coordinate values of the polygon vertices set by the patch vertex mapping coordinate setting means 151. These patch vertex mapping coordinate setting means 151 and patch internal mapping coordinate calculating means 15
Mapping processing means 15 is constituted by 2 and.
Reference numeral 16 is mapping data that specifies information to be mapped with mapping coordinate values. Reference numeral 17 calculates the pixel information of the three-dimensional figure to be drawn by using the index value inside the polygon calculated by the color information calculating means 13 and the color information inside the polygon calculated by the mapping processing means 15. It is a pixel information calculation means to be written in the frame buffer 18. Reference numeral 19 is a display control processing means for displaying the contents of the frame buffer 18 on the display device 20. Reference numeral 21 is a perturbation processing unit that is connected to the patch vertex index value calculation unit 131 and performs a dynamic function process in which a perturbation term is introduced into a discrete function.

In this embodiment, graphic information setting means 11, shading model 12, color information calculating means 13
And the group of the color lookup table 14 is called a shading processing device, the group of the graphic information setting means 11, the mapping processing means 15 and the mapping data 16 is called a mapping processing apparatus, and the group of the pixel information calculating means 17 and the frame buffer 18 is called. We will call it a rendering device.

An example of the operation of the three-dimensional image generation processing apparatus configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. For simplicity of explanation, each polygonal plane (hereinafter referred to as a patch plane) 22 of a three-dimensional title as shown in FIG. 2 (a) is considered as a processing target, and a three-dimensional figure with a three-dimensional effect shaded is generated. The operations in the shading processing device, the mapping processing device that performs mapping on the polygonal plane to generate a three-dimensional figure having a texture, and the rendering processing device that shades the three-dimensional figure that has been subjected to the mapping process will be described. To do.

In the shading processing apparatus, the patch vertex index value calculating means 131 uses each patch surface 22 and the three-dimensional coordinate information of the light source and the viewpoint passed from the graphics information setting means 11 for each patch surface 22. The brightness value i1 of each vertex is calculated using (Equation 1) from the normal vector of each vertex. The interpolation processing unit 132 uses the brightness value i2 of each vertex of each patch surface 22 as shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), when a patch plane 22 is projected on a plane perpendicular to the direction of the line of sight when it is finally displayed as a two-dimensional figure, first, a straight line passing through the vertices and a scan line The brightness at the two intersections of is calculated by linear interpolation based on the brightness value of the vertex and the brightness value of the vertex. Then, based on the brightness values at the intersections of both ends of the scan line and the patch surface, the brightness value i3 of each point inside the patch surface is similarly calculated by linear interpolation. This process is performed by Grourand Shading
It is based on a method called. Then, the color information calculator 13 refers to the corresponding color information from the color lookup table 14 as shown in FIG. 3A, using the calculated brightness value i3 of each point inside each patch surface 22 as an index value. Thus, the color information c1 of each patch surface 22
To obtain a three-dimensional figure with a three-dimensional effect.

In the mapping processing device, the patch vertex mapping coordinate setting means 151 has three vertexes of each patch surface 22 passed from the graphics information setting means 11.
In order to attach the data for texture mapping stored in the mapping data 16 as shown in FIG. 3 (b) to each patch surface 22 based on a certain rule using the coordinate information of the dimension, each patch surface 22 The coordinate data m1 (s, t) of the mapping data 16 corresponding to each vertex of is set.
In texture mapping, after pasting the mapping data to one 3D figure, the coordinate value of the mapping data corresponding to each patch vertex is not changed even if the appearance of the 3D figure is changed by animation or the like. . The patch internal mapping coordinate calculation means 162 performs the same processing as that of the interpolation processing means 132 on each patch surface 2.
The coordinate value m2 (s, t) of the mapping data corresponding to each point inside each patch surface 22 is calculated by performing the mapping coordinate m1 (s, t) of each vertex 2. Then, using the calculated coordinate values m2 (s, t) of the mapping data corresponding to each point inside each patch surface 22, the mapping processing means 15 uses the mapping data 16 to obtain the corresponding color information mc.
Is calculated to generate a three-dimensional figure having a material appearance that has been subjected to mapping.

In the rendering processing device, the luminance value i3 of each point inside the patch surface 22 handled by the color information calculating means.
And the pixel information calculation unit 17 uses the color information mc calculated from the mapping data 16 corresponding to each point inside each patch surface 22 handled by the mapping processing unit 15, and the pixel information calculation unit 17 sets the luminance value corresponding to 100% of the color information mc. The mapping process is performed by adjusting the brightness level of the color information mc calculated from the mapping data 16 of each point inside each patch surface 22 using the brightness value i3 inside each patch surface 22 corresponding to the level 1. Add a shade to the three-dimensional figure with the texture that was applied by.

In the three-dimensional figure generation processing device according to the second aspect, the brightness value i1 of the vertex of each patch surface 22 calculated by the patch vertex brightness value calculation means 131 is passed to the perturbation processing means 21, and the perturbation processing means 21. In order to deal with a partial change in color due to a slight change in the position of the light source, a dynamic perturbation term is introduced to the passed luminance value i1 as shown in FIG. By function processing,
The brightness value i1 is changed. Therefore, various modification processes can be realized depending on the size of the perturbation term and the value of the parameter of the discrete function to be used, and the interpolation processing unit 132 uses the modified brightness value i2 of the vertex of each patch surface 22. The brightness value i3 inside each patch surface 22 is calculated by interpolation. The color information calculation means 13 uses the calculated luminance value i3 as an index value to determine the color lookup table 1
The corresponding color information c1 is extracted from the
Determined as the color inside. As a result, the brightness value i1 at the apex of each patch surface 22 is delicately perturbed.
It is possible to change the partial color of the three-dimensional figure by changing the color look-up table 14 without changing the color look-up table 14.
It is possible to perform processing without recalculating the brightness value calculation at the apex of, and there is an advantage that the processing efficiency is not reduced.

(Embodiment 2) Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a three-dimensional image generation processing device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, in which the perturbation processing means 21 is an interpolation processing means 132.
It has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment except that it is connected to. For the sake of simplicity of explanation, 3 as shown in FIG.
A description will be given by processing each patch surface 22 of the dimensional title.

In the three-dimensional graphic generation processing apparatus according to the third aspect, the internal brightness value i3 of each patch surface 22 calculated by the interpolation processing means 132 for determining the internal brightness value of the patch surface 22 is calculated. The brightness value i3 is passed to the perturbation processing means 21, and the perturbation processing means 21 passes the brightness value i3 in order to deal with a partial change in color due to a minute change in the position of the light source.
On the other hand, the brightness value i3 is changed by the dynamic function processing in which the perturbation term is introduced into the discrete function as shown in FIG. Even in this case, it is possible to realize various modification processes depending on the size of the perturbation term and the value of the parameter of the discrete function used, and the color information is calculated using the modified brightness value inside each patch surface 22 as an index value. Means 13
Takes out the corresponding color information c1 from the color lookup table 14 and determines the color inside the patch surface 22. This makes it possible to change the color of the three-dimensional figure partially by subtly changing the luminance value inside each patch surface 22, and similarly without changing the color lookup table 14. In addition, the brightness value calculation at the vertices of each patch surface 22 can be processed without recalculation, and the effect of not reducing the processing efficiency is obtained.

(Third Embodiment) Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a three-dimensional image generation processing apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention, except that the perturbation processing means 21 is connected to the patch vertex mapping coordinate setting means 151. It has the same structure as. For the sake of simplicity of explanation, each patch surface 22 of the three-dimensional title as shown in FIG.

In the three-dimensional figure generation processing apparatus according to the fourth aspect, the mapping coordinate value m1 (s, t) set by the patch vertex mapping coordinate setting means 151 for setting the mapping coordinate value of each vertex of the patch surface 22 is set. To the perturbation processing means 21, the perturbation processing means 21 transforms the passed mapping coordinate value m1 (s, t) into a discrete function as shown in FIG. 10 in order to express a similar material feeling. By the dynamic function processing that introduces the perturbation term, the mapping coordinate value m
Change 1 (s, t). Even in this case, it is possible to realize various modification processes depending on the size of the perturbation term and the value of the parameter of the discrete function to be used. The mapping coordinate calculation means 152 calculates the mapping coordinates m2 (s, t) inside the patch surface 22, and the mapping processing means 15 determines the corresponding mapping information mc from the mapping data 16. This makes it possible to subtly change the mapping coordinate values m1 (s, t) at the vertices of each patch surface 22 to express a material appearance that is similar to that of a three-dimensional figure. 16 can be processed without changing 16 or storing similar mapping data 16 of a similar type in the memory area in advance, data transfer time does not occur, and processing efficiency is not reduced. The effect is that the amount can be reduced.

(Fourth Embodiment) Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a three-dimensional image generation processing apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, except that the perturbation processing means 21 is connected to the patch internal mapping coordinate calculation means 152. It has the same structure as. For the sake of simplicity of explanation, each patch surface 22 of the three-dimensional title as shown in FIG.

In the three-dimensional figure generation processing device according to the fifth aspect, the mapping coordinates m2 (s, t) calculated by the patch internal mapping coordinate calculation means 152 for calculating the mapping coordinates inside the patch surface 22 are perturbation processing means. 21 was passed to
In the perturbation processing means 21, in order to express a similar texture, a dynamic function in which a perturbation term is introduced into the discrete function as shown in FIG. 10 with respect to the passed mapping coordinate value m2 (s, t). Depending on the processing, the mapping coordinate value m2
Change (s, t). Even in this case, various modification processes can be realized depending on the size of the perturbation term and the value of the parameter of the discrete function used, and the mapping information corresponding to the modified mapping coordinate value inside each patch surface 22. Are extracted from the mapping data 16 by the mapping processing means 15 to determine the mapping information mc inside the patch surface 22. This makes it possible to subtly change the mapping coordinate value m2 (s, t) inside each patch surface 22 to express a material appearance similar to that of a three-dimensional figure, and to use the mapping data 16 The amount of memory to be stored can be processed without changing several types of mapping data 16 that are similar to each other in advance in the memory area and does not reduce the processing efficiency due to data transfer time. The effect is that it can be reduced. Further, when the mapping coordinate m2 (s, t) inside the patch surface 22 is changed by the perturbation processing means 21, the range in which the perturbation term swings to the contour portion of the patch surface 22 is set to zero or is extremely small. By keeping the range to a small range, even when the texture data 16 that can be joined seamlessly is generated and repeatedly used, the change in the mapping data at the joint can be suppressed to 0 or very small. It is possible to join without a border.

(Fifth Embodiment) Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a three-dimensional image generation processing device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, which is the same as the first embodiment except that the perturbation processing means 21 is connected to the pixel information calculation means 17. Have a configuration. For the sake of simplicity of explanation, each patch surface 22 of the three-dimensional title as shown in FIG.

In the three-dimensional figure generation processing device according to the sixth aspect, the brightness value i3 of each point inside the patch surface 22 calculated by the color information calculation means 13 is passed to the perturbation processing means 21, and finally each In order to subtly change the color information of the patch surface 22, the passed luminance value i3 is changed by a dynamic function process in which a perturbation term is introduced into a discrete function as shown in FIG. Then, the mapping data 16 corresponding to each point inside each patch surface 22 handled by the mapping processing means 15
Using the color information mc calculated from the above, the pixel information calculation means 17 is changed by the perturbation processing means 21 inside each patch surface 22 in correspondence with the level 1 of the luminance value which makes the color information mc correspond 100%. Each patch surface 22 using the brightness value
The brightness level of the color information mc calculated from the mapping data 16 of each point inside is adjusted. Even in this case,
Depending on the size of the perturbation term and the value of the parameter of the discrete function used, it is possible to realize various modification processes, and in the process of shading the material appearance performed by the mapping process, the inside of each final patch surface 22 is processed. It is possible to subtly change the luminance level in the color information mc of each point of, and the color information calculated by the set mapping process is set to 10
There is an effect that it can be realized without changing the level of the luminance value on the plane of each patch surface 22 corresponding to 0%.

[0045]

As described above, the present invention has the following effects. In other words, it is possible to change the color of the three-dimensional figure partially by changing the index value at the vertex of each polygonal plane subtly, without changing the color look-up table. It is possible to perform processing without recalculating the calculation of the brightness value at the apex of the polygon, and it is possible to obtain an effect that the processing efficiency is not reduced.

Further, it is possible to give a partial color change of the three-dimensional figure by subtly changing the index value within each polygonal plane, and similarly without changing the color lookup table. In addition, the brightness value calculation at each polygon vertex can be processed without recalculation, and the effect that the processing efficiency is not reduced is obtained.

Furthermore, it is possible to subtly change the mapping coordinate values at the vertices of each polygonal plane to express a material feeling similar to that of a three-dimensional figure, and it is also possible to change the mapping data used. Without having to store several kinds of similar mapping data in advance in the memory area, data transfer time will not occur and processing efficiency will not be reduced, and the amount of memory to be stored can be reduced. can get.

Furthermore, it is possible to subtly change the mapping coordinate values inside each polygonal plane to express a material feeling similar to that of a three-dimensional figure, without changing the mapping data used. , Processing can be performed without storing several kinds of similar mapping data in the memory area beforehand, data transfer time will not occur and processing efficiency will not be reduced, and the amount of memory to be stored can be reduced. To be Further, when the mapping coordinates inside the polygonal plane are changed by the perturbation processing means, the range in which the perturbation term swings to zero is set to the contour part of the polygonal plane, or the range is kept to a very small range to obtain the mapping data. Even in the case of generating texture data that can be seamlessly connected to a small size and repeatedly used, it is possible to seamlessly bond.

Further, in the process of shading the material appearance given by the mapping process, it becomes possible to delicately change the color information of each final polygonal plane, and the color information calculated by the set mapping process can be changed. The effect that it can be realized without changing the level of the brightness value in each polygonal plane that is made to correspond 100% is obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a three-dimensional graphic generation processing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2A and 2B are schematic diagrams for explaining the operation of the embodiment of FIGS.

FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram showing an example of a color lookup table in the embodiment. FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram showing an example of mapping data in the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a three-dimensional figure generation processing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a three-dimensional figure generation processing device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a three-dimensional graphic generation processing device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a three-dimensional figure generation processing device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

8A and 8B are characteristic diagrams showing an example of dynamic function processing in which a perturbation term is introduced into a discrete function.

9A is a characteristic diagram showing an example of an additive type perturbation system function in which a perturbation term is additively introduced. FIG. 9B is a characteristic diagram showing an example of a multiplicative perturbation system function in which a perturbation term is multiplicatively introduced.

10 (a), (b), (c), (d) A characteristic diagram showing an example of behavior of dynamic function processing in which a perturbation term is introduced in a discrete function.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 graphics information setting means 12 shading model 13 color information calculating means 131 patch vertex index value calculating means 132 interpolation processing means 14 color lookup table 15 mapping processing means 151 patch vertex mapping coordinate setting means 152 patch internal mapping coordinate calculating means 16 Mapping data 17 Pixel information calculation means 18 Frame buffer 19 Display control means 20 Display device 21 Perturbation processing means 22 Patch surface

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A color lookup table that specifies color information by index values, and a surface of a three-dimensional shape is approximated as a set of polygonal planes, and the index values of each vertex of the polygonal planes are set to the polygonal planes. A polygon is formed by using a patch vertex index value calculating means obtained according to a graphics information setting means for setting graphics information and a shading model, and an index value of each vertex of each polygon plane calculated by the patch vertex index value calculating means. Color information calculating means including interpolation processing means for determining internal index values by interpolation, mapping data for specifying information to be mapped with mapping coordinate values, and polygons set by the graphics information setting means. Of each vertex of the polygonal plane using the graphics information of the plane A patch vertex mapping coordinate setting unit that sets the mapping coordinate value and a patch internal mapping coordinate calculation that calculates the mapping coordinate value inside the polygon using the mapping coordinate values of the polygon vertices set by the patch vertex mapping coordinate setting unit Using mapping processing means including means, index values inside the polygon calculated by the color information calculating means, and color information inside the polygon calculated by the mapping processing means,
Pixel information calculation means for calculating pixel information of a three-dimensional figure to be drawn and writing it in the frame buffer, and a three-dimensional figure with a three-dimensional effect shaded on the display device based on the pixel information accumulated in the frame buffer. A three-dimensional graphic generation processing device comprising display control means for displaying and perturbation processing means for performing dynamic functional processing in which a perturbation term is introduced into a discrete function when generating a graphic. 2. The three-dimensional figure generation processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the perturbation processing means is provided so as to process the index value calculated by the patch vertex index value calculation means. 3. The three-dimensional graphic generation processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the perturbation processing means is provided so as to process the index value calculated by the interpolation processing means. 4. The three-dimensional graphic generation processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the perturbation processing means is provided so as to process the mapping coordinate values set by the patch vertex mapping coordinate setting means. 5. The three-dimensional figure generation processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the perturbation processing means is provided so as to process the mapping coordinates calculated by the patch internal mapping coordinate calculation means. 6. The three-dimensional figure generation processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the perturbation processing means is provided so as to process the pixel information calculated by the pixel information calculation means.