JPH08211866A - Automatic plating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide an automatic playing device in which the articulation at the time of an arpeggio playing is not changed by a tempo in an automatic playing device performing the arpeggio playing automatically in accordance with key-depressing information. CONSTITUTION: This device is provided with (a) a first setting means 21 setting an articulation, (b) a second setting means 22 setting a tempo and (c) a control means controlling so that the key-on time (the sounding time) or the key-off time (the muffling time) of a musical sound to be issued is almost constant even though the tempo set by the second setting means 22 in accordance with the setting of the first setting means 21 is changed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic performance device for automatically performing an arpeggio performance in response to key depression information, and more particularly, to a tone generation time of an arpeggio performance,
Alternatively, the present invention relates to control of an automatic performance device in which the mute time is made almost constant.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is an automatic performance device in which a performer presets a tempo and repeats an arpeggio performance in response to key depression information. By the way, according to the New Music Encyclopedia published by Music Tomosha, articulation is "to divide a melody in one phrase into smaller units and give it a certain shape and meaning. For example, playing staccato or legato. To play, and so on. " According to the above-mentioned New Music Encyclopedia, the playing method such as "staccato", "legato", and other "portato" is "playing the sound clearly separated", Legato is described as "playing so that no break is felt between sounds", and portato is described as "intermediate playing method between staccato and legato".

[0003] By the way, Patent Publication No. 56-5929.
In the automatic performance device described in No. 4, the player can set articulation, for example, staccato, legato, or portart by setting the ratio between the sounding time and the silencing time.

[0004]

However, in the above-described automatic performance device, the tempo is reflected in both the sounding time and the mute time. When the music became slower, the sounding time also became longer corresponding to the tempo, which was different from the staccato articulation originally desired by the player. Therefore, there is a problem that the ratio between the sounding time and the mute time must be set again each time the tempo is changed.

An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem. In the first embodiment, articulations during arpeggio performance can be freely set, and when the tempo is changed, Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic performance apparatus in which the tempo is reflected only in the silencing time in staccato and in the sounding time in legato, and the articulation in arpeggio performance does not change with the tempo.

In the second embodiment, the articulation during the arpeggio performance can be freely set, and an automatic performance device in which the tempo is reflected in the sounding time at a certain ratio is provided. is there.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the structural features of the automatic performance apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention are as follows: (a) first setting for setting articulation; Means, (b) second setting means for setting a tempo, and (c) corresponding to the setting of the first setting means, wherein the tempo set by the second setting means changes. Key-on time (pronunciation time) of the musical tone to be pronounced,
Alternatively, control means is provided for controlling the key-off time (silence time) to be substantially constant.

The first setting means for setting the articulation is composed of operators for setting the articulation at the time of the arpeggio performance to staccato, portato, legato, etc., and outputs articulation information. The second setting means for setting the tempo is an operator for setting a tempo when performing an arpeggio performance, and outputs tempo information. Corresponding to the setting of the first setting means, even if the tempo set by the second setting means changes, the tone generation time of the musical tone to be generated or the mute time is controlled to be substantially constant. The control means for reading out the pronunciation information corresponding to the articulation information,
Control pronunciation.

The automatic musical instrument of the present invention has various aspects as follows. The first automatic playing device among them is
In an automatic performance device which includes tempo setting means for freely setting the tempo of automatic performance and repeats the generation of a plurality of musical tones at time intervals according to the tempo set by the tempo setting means, the tempo set by the tempo setting means A sound deadening time defining means for defining a sounding time and a sound deadening time of the musical sound within the time interval defined according to
When the tempo is changed by the tempo setting means, the sound-extinguishing time defining means sets the time at a rate different from the ratio of the time interval according to the changed tempo to the time interval corresponding to the tempo before the change. It is characterized in that the tone generation time of the musical tone within the interval or the silence time of the musical tone is changed.

Further, the second automatic performance device includes a tempo setting means for arbitrarily setting the tempo of the automatic performance, and automatically generates a plurality of musical sounds at time intervals corresponding to the tempo set by the tempo setting means. The musical performance apparatus further includes a sound-suppression mute time defining means for defining a sound-production time and a sound-mute time of the musical sound within the time interval determined according to the tempo set by the tempo setting means. However, when the tempo is changed by the tempo setting means, the tone of the musical tone within the time interval is smaller than the ratio of the time interval according to the changed tempo to the time interval corresponding to the tempo before the change. It is characterized in that the time is changed.

The third automatic performance device of the present invention further comprises tempo setting means for freely setting the tempo of the automatic performance, wherein a plurality of musical tones are generated at time intervals corresponding to the tempo set by the tempo setting means. An automatic performance device that repeats the above, further comprising a sound production silencing time defining means for defining a musical sound producing time and a musical silencing time within the time interval determined according to the tempo set by the tempo setting means,
When the tempo is changed by the tempo setting means, the sound-off time setting means fixes the sound-on time of the tone within the time interval determined according to the tempo, and changes the sound-off time of the tone within the time interval. Characterized in that:

Further, a fourth automatic performance device of the present invention comprises:
In an automatic performance device which includes tempo setting means for freely setting the tempo of automatic performance and repeats the generation of a plurality of musical tones at time intervals according to the tempo set by the tempo setting means, the tempo set by the tempo setting means A sound deadening time defining means for defining a sounding time and a sound deadening time of the musical sound within the time interval defined according to
When the tempo is changed by the tempo setting means, the sound-suppression mute time defining means sets the time interval within the time interval smaller than the ratio of the time interval corresponding to the changed tempo to the time interval corresponding to the pre-change tempo. The tempo setting means includes a mode for changing the sounding time of a musical tone, and a mode that is switchably selected from among a plurality of modes that define the sounding time of the musical sound within the time interval and the mute time of the musical sound. A mode for changing the tone generation time or the tone silence time of the musical tone at the above-mentioned time interval determined according to the tempo when the tempo is changed, and a mode in which any one of the plurality of modes is switchably selected. A switching means is provided.

Further, the fifth automatic performance device has a tempo setting means for freely setting the tempo of the automatic performance, and repeats generation of a plurality of musical tones at time intervals according to the tempo set by the tempo setting means. In the automatic performance device, there is provided a sound mute time defining means for defining a tone generation time and a tone mute time within the time interval determined in accordance with the tempo set by the tempo setting means. Means for fixing the tone generation time of the musical tone within the time interval determined according to the tempo when the tempo is changed by the tempo setting means, and changing the mute time of the musical tone within the time interval. The tempo setting means is provided in accordance with a mode which is switchably selected from among a plurality of modes which define a tone generation time and a tone silence time of a musical tone within an interval. When the tempo is changed, the tone generation time or the tone silence time of the above-mentioned time interval determined according to the tempo is changed, and any one of the plurality of modes is freely selectable. A mode switching means for performing the operation.

Further, the sixth automatic performance device is provided with a tempo setting means for freely setting the tempo of the automatic performance, and automatically generates a plurality of musical tones at time intervals corresponding to the tempo set by the tempo setting means. The musical performance apparatus is provided with a sounding mute time defining means for defining a sounding time of a musical tone and a mute time of the musical sound within the time interval determined according to the tempo set by the tempo setting means. However, when the tempo is changed by the tempo setting means, the musical tone within the time interval is muted at a ratio smaller than the ratio of the time interval according to the tempo after the change to the time interval according to the tempo before the change. It is characterized by changing the time.

Further, the seventh automatic performance device includes a tempo setting means for arbitrarily setting the tempo of the automatic performance, and automatically generates a plurality of musical tones at time intervals corresponding to the tempo set by the tempo setting means. The musical performance apparatus further includes a sound-suppression mute time defining means for defining a sound-production time and a sound-mute time of the musical sound within the time interval determined according to the tempo set by the tempo setting means. However, when the tempo is changed by the tempo setting means, the mute time of the musical sound within the time interval determined according to the tempo is fixed, and the sounding time of the musical sound within the time interval is changed. And

Further, the eighth automatic performance device is provided with a tempo setting means for freely setting the tempo of the automatic performance, and automatically generates a plurality of musical tones at time intervals corresponding to the tempo set by the tempo setting means. The musical performance apparatus is provided with a sounding mute time defining means for defining a sounding time of a musical tone and a mute time of the musical sound within the time interval determined according to the tempo set by the tempo setting means. However, when the tempo is changed by the tempo setting means, the mute time of the musical tone within the time interval is smaller than the ratio of the time interval according to the tempo after the change to the time interval according to the tempo before the change. A mode that is freely switchable among multiple modes that define the tone generation time and tone mute time within the time interval, including the mode to be changed Accordingly, when the tempo is changed by the tempo setting means, the tone generation time or the tone silence time at the time interval determined according to the tempo is changed, and any one of the plurality of modes is changed. And a mode switching means for switching between the two modes.

Further, the ninth automatic performance device includes a tempo setting means for freely setting the tempo of the automatic performance, and automatically generates a plurality of musical tones at time intervals corresponding to the tempo set by the tempo setting means. The musical performance apparatus further includes a sound-suppression mute time defining means for defining a sound-production time and a sound-mute time of the musical sound within the time interval determined according to the tempo set by the tempo setting means. However, when the tempo is changed by the tempo setting means, the time interval including a mode in which the mute time of the musical tone within the time interval determined according to the tempo is fixed and the sounding time of the musical tone within the time interval is changed is included. The tempo setting means sets the tone generation time and the silence time of the musical tone in accordance with a mode that is switchably selected from a plurality of modes. When the tone is changed, the tone generation time or the tone silence time of the above-mentioned time interval determined according to the tempo is changed, and any one of the plurality of modes can be freely switched. A mode switching means for performing the operation.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, a specific operation example of the automatic performance device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which one of a staccato, a portato, and a legato is selected as an articulation for playing a keyboard 20 for outputting key pressing and releasing information and an arpeggio. An articulation switch 21 for generating articulation information corresponding to the selected articulation,
A tempo volume 22 for setting a tempo during an arpeggio performance and generating an analog voltage corresponding thereto, and an A / D converter 2 for converting an analog voltage set by the tempo volume 22 into a digital signal and generating tempo information.
3, the timer 24 for managing the time of the CPU 25, the key release information from the keyboard device 20, the articulation information from the articulation switch 21,
Various controls when playing arpeggios, tempo volume 22
CPU 25, which receives the tempo information from the CPU and generates a repetition cycle during arpeggio performance, tone information of musical sounds, and the like.
A RAM 26 stores key press information being processed by the PU 25, pronunciation information, and the like, and a tone generator circuit 27 that generates musical tones in accordance with the pronunciation information from the CPU 25.

The CPU 25 includes a buffer and a counter for temporarily storing information therein, and a ROM (all are shown) for storing programs. The tone generator circuit also includes a ROM (not shown) for storing digital waveform information of musical sounds, a D / A (not shown) for converting digital waveform information into analog waveform information, and the like.

FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of the RAM 26 internal registers, memory and the like. The register Q stores the arpeggio cycle corresponding to the tempo information, and the register FT and the register OT respectively store the gate-off time indicating the mute time of the musical sound and the gate-on time indicating the sounding time of the musical sound. These numerical values are subtracted by a counter described later, and are used for managing the sound generation time and the mute time. Register AL is an address register,
Indicate the read address of the note number storage unit in which the note number is written.

The note number storage unit stores a note number that has been depressed, and a gate flag indicating the tone generation state of the musical tone of the note number. Next, in the automatic performance device of the present invention, the arpeggio performance is performed as follows. First, the articulation switch 21 is operated for the articulation at the time of playing the arpeggio, and the articulation switch to be played is selected.

Next, the tempo volume 22 is operated to set the tempo at the time of playing the arpeggio, and then the chord desired to be played by the arpeggio is input by pressing the keyboard device 20. By doing this, for example, when the selected articulation is staccato, by fixing the gate-on time of each musical note to a time that is sufficiently short of the tempo and making it sound, a staccato arpeggio performance is achieved regardless of tempo. Can be done.

When the selected articulation is a portart, the gate-on time is fixed to the same time so that the gate-on time and the off-time of each musical tone are the same, and the sound is produced. You can perform. Also, when the selected articulation is legato, by fixing the gate-off time of each musical sound to a time that is sufficiently short with respect to the tempo and causing it to sound, a legato arpeggio performance can be performed regardless of the tempo.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing how the gate on and off when a musical tone is generated changes depending on each articulation and tempo during an arpeggio performance. next,
CP of the automatic musical instrument according to the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration
The operation of U will be described. Here, it is assumed that the articulation of the arpeggio performance is staccato, and the tempo and the chords constituting the arpeggio are arbitrarily set.

First, every time an articulation is set or a tempo is set, the repetition period of the arpeggio performance is calculated from the tempo information set by the tempo volume 22, and the value is written to the register Q. . Next, the articulation switch 21
To determine what articulation was selected.

Since staccato is selected as the articulation, the gate-on time corresponding to the articulation is read from the ROM (not shown) in the CPU 25 and written in the register OT. Further, the time obtained by subtracting the gate-on time written in the register OT from the cycle time written in the register Q is set as the gate-off time and written in the register FT.

When the articulation is legato, the gate-off time corresponding to the articulation is read from the ROM (not shown) in the CPU 25 and written in the register FT. Further, the time obtained by subtracting the gate-off time written in the register FT from the cycle time written in the register Q is set as the gate-off time and written in the register OT.

When the performance articulation is voltart, the cycle time written in the register Q is divided by 2, and the value is written in the register OT as the gate-on time and written in the register FT as the gate-off time. By such processing, the repetition cycle time of the arpeggio performance is written in the register Q, the gate on time of each performance articulation is written in the register OT, and the off time is written in the register FT.

The counter has an address register A
The gate-on time is set when the gate flag of the note number storage unit corresponding to the address indicated by L is on, and the gate-off time is set when the gate flag is off. Next, a process for performing an automatic performance based on the values set as described above will be described with reference to the flowchart of the program shown in FIG.

The program shown in FIG. 4 is called from a main routine (not shown) at regular intervals, performs a tone on / off process, and returns to the main routine after completing each process. It is also assumed that a plurality of note numbers to be pronounced have already been selected. Subtract the value of the S-1 counter; decrement the value of the gate-on time or the gate-off time of the counter by one.

S-2: Judgment as to whether or not the current tone is sounding; Judgment as to whether or not the tone at the current address is sounding based on the value of the gate flag. If it is sounding, proceed to S-3,
Otherwise, proceed to S-7. S-3: Determine whether or not the value of the counter is 0; determine whether or not the value of the counter is 0. If 0, the process proceeds to S-4; otherwise, the process ends.

S-4 Stop sound generation; Stops sound generation at the current address. S-5 Set the value of the counter; Set the value of the register FT in the counter. S-6 Turn off the gate flag. The gate flag of the tone at the current address is set to off, and the process is terminated.

S-7 Judgment as to whether the counter value is 0 or not; It is judged whether or not the counter value is 0. If 0, the process proceeds to S-8; otherwise, the process ends. S-8: Start sounding; advance the value of register AL by one, and start sounding the tone at that address. S-9 Set the value of the counter; Set the value of the register OT in the counter.

The S-10 gate flag is turned on. The gate flag of the tone at the current address is set to ON, and the process is terminated. When this program ends, the program returns to the main routine again.If the selected articulation is staccato as described above, the gate-on time of each musical tone is fixed at a time short enough to the tempo, and sound is generated.
A staccato arpeggio performance can be performed regardless of the tempo.

Next, a specific operation example of the automatic performance apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that an articulation during an arpeggio performance is set to an arbitrary value and an articulation volume for generating corresponding articulation information is provided. . In the first embodiment, there are only three types of articulation information, staccato, voltato, and legato, but in the second embodiment, continuous numerical values from 0 to 1 can be set. By calculating the numerical value of the articulation information by the following equation, the sound generation during the arpeggio performance is controlled.

T _ON = (T−t _LG −t _SC ) a + t _SC (1) where T _ON : gate-on time for arpeggio performance t _LG : gate-off time for legato performance t _SC : gate on time for staccato performance Time T: cycle corresponding to set tempo a: coefficient (0 to 1) by articulation.

T _ON is determined by the coefficient a. For example, when performing a staccato arpeggio performance, the value of the coefficient a is set to a small value, for example, when a = 0, no matter what the value of the tempo is (whatever the value of T changes).
_ON = t _SC . Here, when the coefficient a = 0.1, T _ON = (T−t _LG −t _SC ) 0.1 + t _SC , and the gate-on time increases as the tempo of the arpeggio increases, resulting in a more natural staccato. You can play arpeggios.

In this case, although the ratio of reflecting the tempo is small, if the value of the coefficient a is a = 0.3, T _ON = (T−t _LG −t _SC ) 0.3 + t _SC , and the arpeggio As the tempo increases, the gate-on time also increases, and the ratio increases.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing how the gate on and off when a musical tone is generated changes according to each articulation and tempo during an arpeggio in the second embodiment. Next, in the automatic performance device of the second embodiment, when performing an arpeggio performance, the articulation, tempo, and chord are set as in the first embodiment.

Next, the operation of the CPU of the automatic musical instrument of the second embodiment configured as described above will be described. It is assumed that the staccato (a = 0.1) is set for the articulation of the arpeggio performance, and the tempo, the chords forming the arpeggio, and the like are arbitrarily set.

First, each time the tempo is set, the repetition cycle is written in the register Q. Next, the staccato is created by the articulation volume 21a (a =
0.1) Each gate time etc. is set by CPU
25 are obtained by calculation, and the registers OT, Q,
Write to register FT. Next, the pronunciation time, or
Silence time, on request and off request management,
Although the gate-on and gate-off processes of the musical sound are performed, these processes are the same as those in the first embodiment and will not be described.

As described above, in the second embodiment, the coefficient a based on the articulation is provided, and by calculating this coefficient a, the gate-on time during the arpeggio performance is controlled. Since the gate-on time can be changed according to the arpeggio tempo time without departing from each articulation, the gate-on time increases as the arpeggio tempo increases, so that a more natural arpeggio performance can be performed.

Although the keyboard device is used for inputting the key depression information in the present embodiment, it can be applied to the case where the key depression information is designated by digital key depression information such as MIDI.

[0044]

Therefore, when the articulation during arpeggio performance is set, a constant articulation can be obtained irrespective of a change in tempo during arpeggio performance, and a highly practical automatic performance device can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram corresponding to the configuration of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the inside of a RAM of the automatic musical instrument of the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing how the gate on and off when a musical tone is generated changes depending on each articulation and tempo during an arpeggio performance.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a program executed by the automatic musical instrument of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing how gate on and off during musical tone generation change according to each articulation and tempo during arpeggio performance in the second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 20 keyboard device 21 articulation switch 22 tempo VOL 23 A / D converter 24 timer 25 CPU 26 RAM 27 sound source circuit

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An automatic performance apparatus comprising: a tempo setting means for variably setting a tempo of an automatic performance; wherein the automatic performance apparatus repeats generation of a plurality of musical tones at time intervals according to the tempo set by the tempo setting means. Means for defining the sounding time of the musical tone and the mute time of the musical sound within the time interval determined in accordance with the tempo set by the means, wherein the sounding mute time defining means is provided by the tempo setting means. When the tempo is changed, the sounding time of the musical sound or the silencing time of the musical sound within the time interval is changed at a ratio different from the ratio of the time interval according to the changed tempo to the time interval corresponding to the tempo before the change. An automatic performance device characterized by being changed. 2. An automatic performance apparatus comprising: a tempo setting means for setting a tempo of an automatic performance so that the tempo can be freely changed; wherein the automatic performance apparatus repeats generation of a plurality of musical tones at time intervals according to the tempo set by the tempo setting means. Means for defining the sounding time of the musical tone and the mute time of the musical sound within the time interval determined in accordance with the tempo set by the means, wherein the sounding mute time defining means is provided by the tempo setting means. When the tempo is changed, the tone generation time of the musical tone within the time interval is changed at a ratio smaller than the ratio of the time interval corresponding to the changed tempo to the time interval corresponding to the tempo before the change. An automatic performance device characterized by the following. 3. An automatic performance device comprising a tempo setting means for freely setting a tempo of an automatic performance, wherein a plurality of musical tones are repeatedly generated at time intervals according to the tempo set by the tempo setting means. Means for defining the sounding time of the musical tone and the mute time of the musical sound within the time interval determined in accordance with the tempo set by the means, wherein the sounding mute time defining means is provided by the tempo setting means. An automatic performance device wherein when the tempo is changed, the tone generation time of the musical tone within the time interval determined according to the tempo is fixed and the silencing time of the musical tone within the time interval is changed. 4. An automatic performance device comprising a tempo setting means for freely setting a tempo of an automatic performance, wherein the automatic performance apparatus repeats generation of a plurality of musical tones at time intervals according to the tempo set by the tempo setting means. Means for defining the sounding time of the musical tone and the mute time of the musical sound within the time interval determined in accordance with the tempo set by the means, wherein the sounding mute time defining means is provided by the tempo setting means. A mode in which, when the tempo is changed, the tone generation time of a musical tone within the time interval is changed at a ratio smaller than the ratio of the time interval according to the changed tempo to the time interval corresponding to the tempo before the change. The tempo setting means is provided to the tempo setting means in accordance with a mode that is switchably selected from a plurality of modes that define a tone generation time and a tone silence time within a time interval. When the tempo is changed, the tone generation time or the tone silence time within the time interval determined according to the tempo is changed, and any one of the plurality of modes can be switched freely. An automatic performance device comprising a mode switching means for selecting. 5. An automatic performance device comprising a tempo setting means for freely setting a tempo of an automatic performance, wherein a plurality of musical tones are repeatedly generated at time intervals according to the tempo set by said tempo setting means. Means for defining the sounding time of the musical tone and the mute time of the musical sound within the time interval determined in accordance with the tempo set by the means, wherein the sounding mute time defining means is provided by the tempo setting means. When the tempo is changed, the mute time of the musical sound within the time interval is changed at a ratio smaller than the ratio of the time interval according to the changed tempo to the time interval corresponding to the tempo before the change. An automatic performance device characterized by the following. 6. An automatic performance apparatus comprising: a tempo setting means for variably setting a tempo of an automatic performance; wherein the automatic performance apparatus repeats generation of a plurality of musical sounds at time intervals according to the tempo set by the tempo setting means. Means for defining the sounding time of the musical tone and the mute time of the musical sound within the time interval determined in accordance with the tempo set by the means, wherein the sounding mute time defining means is provided by the tempo setting means. An automatic performance apparatus wherein when a tempo is changed, a mute time of a musical tone within the time interval determined according to the tempo is fixed, and a sounding time of the musical tone within the time interval is changed.