JPH08190084A - Polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve contrast without depending on a black matrix. CONSTITUTION: This device consists of first and second substrates 12, 14, a liquid crystal layer 10 inserted between these substrates, and a polarizer 20 and an analyzer 22 disposed on the outside of the first and second substrates 12, 14, respectively, in such a manner that the absorption axes are perpendicular to each other. The liquid crystal layer 10 consists of a polymer dispersion type liquid crystal containing liquid crystal drops 10a dispersed in a polymer matrix 10b. The liquid crystal drops 10a are substantially present only in a specified area X, while in the other area Y, only the polymer matrix 10b is substantially present.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display device in which liquid crystal molecules are randomly distributed so that incident light is scattered.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A liquid crystal display device is one in which liquid crystal is inserted between a pair of substrates having transparent electrodes. Twisted nematic (TN) type liquid crystal display devices are commonly used. In the TN type liquid crystal display device, the light distribution films of a pair of substrates sandwiching the liquid crystal are rubbed in a direction orthogonal to each other, and when no voltage is applied, liquid crystal molecules are aligned parallel to the substrate surface along the rubbing direction of each substrate, When a voltage is applied, liquid crystal molecules rise vertically to the surface of the substrate, and by switching between the two, display is performed. In the TN type liquid crystal display device, it is known that the contrast of an image is lowered when the screen is viewed from a specific viewing angle direction related to the alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules.

On the other hand, there is a polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display device. In a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display device, liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer matrix, and liquid crystal molecules are condensed in a granular manner little by little in the liquid crystal droplets, and the liquid crystal molecules are randomly distributed. . Unlike the TN type liquid crystal display device, the polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display device does not have the viewing angle dependency caused by the liquid crystal molecules being aligned in a certain direction.

In one example of manufacturing a polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display device, a pair of substrates having transparent electrodes are stuck together by an annular seal, and a photocurable polymer material and a liquid crystal material are placed inside the annular seal between these substrates. The polymer material is adapted to be cured by inserting a mixture of the above and irradiating light (for example, ultraviolet ray) from the surface of one of the substrates. As the polymer material is cured, the liquid crystal molecules are gradually phase-separated from the polymer matrix and condensed into particles to form liquid crystal droplets.

One form of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device can be used without disposing the polarizer and the analyzer outside the substrate. That is, when no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are randomly distributed, and light impinges on the liquid crystal layer and is scattered, resulting in a black display, and when voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules rise vertically to the substrate surface, and light passes through the liquid crystal layer. Then, it can be displayed in white. In this case, the state in which light hits the liquid crystal layer and is scattered is called black display.However, in this black display, most of the light is scattered forward, so the light may be transmitted, and it is not possible to achieve perfect black. Is lower than the TN type.

In another form of the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display device, it has been considered to arrange a polarizer and an analyzer in an orthogonal arrangement outside the substrate in order to improve the contrast. In this case, the liquid crystal molecules are randomly distributed when no voltage is applied, and light is scattered by hitting the liquid crystal layer and can pass through the analyzer, so this state is displayed as white, and when voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are displayed on the substrate surface. It rises vertically, light passes through the liquid crystal layer, and is blocked by the analyzer, so that black display can be performed. This black has considerably lower brightness than the black polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display device of the first form, and therefore the contrast can be improved.

FIG. 13 is a view showing such a conventional polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display device. Reference numeral 10 denotes a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, which is sandwiched between a pair of substrates 12 and 14.
In the liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal droplets 10a are formed by the polymer matrix 10b.
Liquid crystal molecules are randomly dispersed in the liquid crystal droplets 10a. The substrates 12 and 14 each have a transparent pixel electrode 16 and a common electrode 18, and a polarizer 20 and an analyzer 22 are arranged outside the substrates 12 and 14. FIG. 13 shows a state where a voltage is applied. The liquid crystal molecules rise vertically to the surface of the substrate, light passes through the liquid crystal layer as shown by the arrow, and is blocked by the analyzer 22, so that black display can be performed.

[0008]

Here, when a voltage is applied, it means that when a voltage is applied to a specific pixel electrode 16, liquid crystal molecules in a region covered by the pixel electrode 16 rise. To do. In the pixel electrode 16 to which no voltage is applied, no voltage is applied, and light does not pass through the analyzer 22. In addition, since no voltage is applied in principle in the region where the pixel electrode 16 is absent, light is emitted from the analyzer 22.
Does not penetrate.

In the conventional polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display device, as shown in FIG.
It exists in the entire area between 2 and 14. That is, the liquid crystal droplets 10a also exist in the region where the pixel electrode 16 is not provided. Since no voltage is applied to the region where the pixel electrode 16 is absent, the light does not pass through the analyzer 22 and must always be in the black state. There is a problem that light leakage occurs in the area. That is, the liquid crystal droplets 1 are also applied to the region where the pixel electrode 16 is not provided
Since 0a exists, the light incident on the liquid crystal droplet 10a to which no voltage is applied hits the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal droplet 10a and is scattered, and the scattered light contains light components in various directions. Even if the polarized light has passed through the polarizer 20, part of the scattered light can be transmitted through the analyzer 22. The leakage of light from the area without the pixel electrode 16 deteriorates the image quality and the contrast.

As a means for preventing such a decrease in contrast, a black matrix 24 is provided in a TN type liquid crystal display device as shown in FIG. In FIG. 14, the TN type liquid crystal layer 10 is sandwiched between a pair of substrates 12 and 14, and the substrates 12 and 14 each have a transparent pixel electrode 16 and a common electrode 18.
One substrate 12 is a TFT substrate, and includes a TFT 26, a gate electrode 28, a gate bus line, a drain bus line 30, and the like. The black matrix 24 is provided on the color filter substrate 14 on the side opposite to the TFT substrate. The black matrix 24 usually has a wide width that overlaps the pixel electrode 16, so that the effective area of the pixel electrode 16 is reduced and the aperture ratio is significantly reduced.

Also in the polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display device, the black matrix 24 as used in the TN type liquid crystal display device is used as a means for preventing the deterioration of the contrast.
Can be provided. However, the provision of the black matrix 24 lowers the aperture ratio, which is not preferable. Therefore, in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device, it is required to improve the contrast without depending on the black matrix 24.

An object of the present invention is to provide a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display device capable of improving contrast without relying on a black matrix, and a method for manufacturing the same.

[0013]

A polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is, for example, as shown in FIG.
And the liquid crystal layer 10 inserted between the second substrates 12 and 14.
And a polarizer 20 and an analyzer 22 are arranged outside the first and second substrates so that their absorption axes are orthogonal to each other, and the liquid crystal layer 10 forms liquid crystal droplets 10a dispersed in a polymer matrix 10b. A liquid crystal droplet 10 composed of a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal containing
a is substantially present only in the predetermined region X, and the other regions Y are characterized in that substantially only the polymer matrix 10b is present.

In the method of manufacturing the polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device having the above-described structure according to the present invention, the liquid crystal layer is made of a mixture of a photocurable polymer material and a liquid crystal material, and one of the first and second substrates is shielded from light. The step of injecting the mixture between the first and second substrates each having a layer and the step of irradiating the mixture with light from the substrate having the light-shielding layer. The liquid crystal droplets () are dispersed in the polymer matrix due to the phase separation of the polymer material and the liquid crystal material, and at this time, the liquid crystal droplets are the first portion inside the light shielding layer and the light shielding layer. It is characterized in that it is substantially present only in the second portion outside the above, and substantially only the polymer matrix is present in the third portion along the outer shape of the light shielding layer.

[0015]

In the above structure, the liquid crystal droplets substantially exist only in a predetermined area, and in the other areas, substantially only the polymer matrix exists. That is, liquid crystal droplets do not substantially exist in the other regions. Therefore, the light incident on the other regions is blocked by the analyzer and is not emitted at all when the voltage is applied or when the voltage is not applied. Therefore, the other region contributes to the improvement of contrast as if it were a region provided with the conventional black matrix. However, it is not necessary to widen the other areas as in the case of the conventional black matrix, which does not cause a reduction in the aperture ratio.

In the above method, after the mixture is injected between the first and second substrates, the mixture is irradiated with light from the substrate having the light shielding layer. Then, by the irradiation of the light, the polymer material and the liquid crystal material are phase-separated, and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in the polymer is completed. At that time, the liquid crystal layer has a portion that is shaded by the light-shielding layer and a portion that directly hits the light-shielding layer without being blocked by the light-shielding layer, and these two portions have different illuminances. Phase separation of polymer material and liquid crystal material, that is, formation of liquid crystal droplets,
It changes depending on the illuminance of the applied light.

For example, small liquid crystal droplets are formed in a relatively short time in a portion where the light directly hits the light shielding layer without being shielded, and large liquid crystal droplets are formed in a portion in the shadow of the light shielding layer. It is formed in a relatively long time. When a large liquid crystal droplet is formed, liquid crystal molecules around the portion or a small liquid crystal droplet are attracted to the large liquid crystal droplet in the formation process.

Therefore, liquid crystal droplets do not substantially exist in the area of the boundary between the portion where the light directly strikes the light-shielding layer without being shielded and the portion which becomes the shadow of the light-shielding layer, and only the polymer matrix is present. Exists. This boundary area corresponds to the other area. The shaded portion of the light-shielding layer is the first portion inside the light-shielding layer, and the portion where the light directly strikes the light-shielding layer without being blocked is the second portion outside the light-shielding layer. The boundary region is a third portion along the outer shape of the light shielding layer.

[0019]

EXAMPLE FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display device of an example of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the liquid crystal layer 10 is sandwiched between a pair of transparent glass substrates 12 and 14. The substrates 12 and 14 each have a transparent pixel electrode 16 and a common electrode 18, and a polarizer 20 and an analyzer 22 are arranged outside the substrates 12 and 14. The liquid crystal layer 10 is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer in which liquid crystal droplets 10a are dispersed in a polymer matrix 10b. Liquid crystal molecules are randomly distributed in the liquid crystal droplets 10a. The thickness d of the liquid crystal layer 10 is about 5 μ.
m, which corresponds to the thickness of the liquid crystal layer of the conventional TN type liquid crystal display device. Display area is 10.4 inches diagonal, 640x
It contained (RGB) × 480 pixels.

One substrate 12 is a TFT substrate, and the other substrate 14 is a color filter substrate. The color filter substrate 14 has a color filter 17 containing red (R), green (G), and blue (B) color components, and a common electrode 18.
The color filter substrate 14 is not provided with a light shielding layer corresponding to a conventional black matrix.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the TFT substrate 12 has an active matrix, and includes the pixel electrodes 16, TFTs 26, gate bus lines 29, drain bus lines 30, and the like. The TFT 26 includes a semiconductor layer (not shown) formed of a thin film, a gate insulating layer (not shown), a gate electrode 28, and a drain electrode 3.
2 and the source electrode 34. The gate electrode 28 is continuously formed of the same metal material as the gate bus line 29 simultaneously, and the drain electrode 32 is continuously formed of the same metal material as the drain bus line 30 simultaneously. Source electrode 3
4 is formed of the same metal material as the drain electrode 32 and is connected to the pixel electrode 16.

The pixel electrode 16 and the common electrode 18 are formed of a substantially transparent material such as ITO, and light passes through these electrodes almost freely. However, the metal material forming the gate bus line 29, the drain bus line 30, and the like hardly transmits light. In the preferred manufacturing method of the present invention, the gate bus line 29 and the drain bus line 3 are provided.
0 and the like are used as the light shielding layer. Although the storage capacitor electrode may be formed of the same metal material as the gate bus line 29, in the present invention, the storage capacitor electrode that crosses the pixel electrode 16 is not provided.

Further, in the liquid crystal layer 10, the liquid crystal droplets 10a are substantially present only in the predetermined region X, and the other regions Y are substantially present only in the polymer matrix 10b. With reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, the predetermined region X in which the liquid crystal droplet 10a exists corresponds to a portion where the pixel electrode 13 is provided, and a portion where the TFT 26, the gate bus line 29, and the drain bus line 30 are provided.

In the region Y where only the polymer matrix 10b exists (the liquid crystal droplets 10a do not exist), the TFT 2 is formed.
6, gate bus line 29 and drain bus line 30
A portion along the outer shape of the pixel electrode 13.
And the TFT 26, the gate bus line 29, and the drain bus line 30. In FIG.
The distance between the pixel electrode 13 and the gate bus line 29 is a
, And the spacing a surrounding the pixel electrode is
It is preferable to prevent the light leakage as described with reference to FIG. In the present invention, such a portion is the region Y where only the polymer matrix 10b exists (the liquid crystal droplets 10a do not exist).

As shown in FIG. 4, when no voltage is applied (when the applied voltage V is smaller than the threshold voltage), the liquid crystal droplets 10a in the predetermined region X where the liquid crystal droplets 10a exist. Since the liquid crystal molecules inside are randomly distributed, the polarized light passing through the polarizer 20 hits the liquid crystal molecules inside the liquid crystal droplet 10a and is scattered. Since the scattered light contains components in various directions, it can pass through the analyzer 22. So in this case,
It will be displayed in white.

However, in the region Y where only the polymer matrix 10b exists (the liquid crystal droplets 10a do not exist), the polarized light passing through the polarizer 20 is polymer matrix 10b.
And go straight ahead and be blocked by the analyzer 22. Therefore, there is no light leakage from the area Y.

As shown in FIG. 5, when a voltage is applied (when the applied voltage V is higher than the threshold voltage), the liquid crystal droplets 10a are in the predetermined region X where the liquid crystal droplets 10a are present. Liquid crystal molecules rise up perpendicular to the substrate surface. Therefore, the polarized light that has passed through the polarizer 20 passes through the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal droplets 10a, and the analyzer 22 while maintaining its vibrating surface.
Then, the light is blocked by the analyzer 22. In this case, black is displayed.

Also in this case, in the region Y where only the polymer matrix 10b exists (the liquid crystal droplets 10a do not exist), the polarized light passing through the polarizer 20 goes straight through the polymer matrix 10b, and the analyzer 22 is used. Be cut off. Therefore, there is no light leakage from the area Y.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a method of manufacturing such a polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display device. First, a compatible mixture 10x of an ultraviolet curable polymer material and a liquid crystal material is prepared. The liquid crystal material is, for example, TL202 manufactured by Merck, the ultraviolet-curable polymer material is, for example, urethane acrylate manufactured by Nippon Kayaku, and the mixing weight ratio is 65:35. The mixture 10x is applied to the first and second substrates 12, 14
Inject between. It is known that liquid crystal is injected in a vacuum chamber while releasing the vacuum, and the mixture 10x is similarly injected in the vacuum chamber.

In FIG. 6A, after the mixture 10x is injected between the first and second substrates 12 and 14, the mixture 10x is irradiated with ultraviolet rays (UV) from the substrate 12 having the light shielding layer. The process is shown. In FIG. 6A, the drain bus line 30 of the TFT substrate 12 is shown as an example of the light shielding layer. Other members of the active matrix also act as a light shielding layer. In the following description, the light shielding layer is represented by the drain bus line 30. Alternatively, a light-shielding layer 36 made of colored plastic or the like corresponding to the drain bus lines 30 and the like may be provided on the surface of the color filter substrate 14, and the mixture 10x may be irradiated with light from the color filter substrate 14. However, it is easier to irradiate the light from the TFT substrate 12. In the examples, ultraviolet rays were applied for 30 minutes at an intensity of 10 milliwatts per square centimeter.

As shown in FIG. 6B, the polymer dispersion liquid crystal in which the polymer material and the liquid crystal material are phase-separated by the irradiation of light and the liquid crystal droplets 10a are dispersed in the polymer matrix 10b. Is completed. At that time, the liquid crystal layer 10 has a portion that is shaded by the light-shielding layer 30 and a portion that is directly hit by the light-shielding layer 30 without being shielded by the irradiated light, and the illuminance is different between these two portions. . The phase separation between the polymer material and the liquid crystal material, that is, the formation of liquid crystal droplets changes depending on the illuminance of the irradiated light.

Generally, the higher the UV intensity is, the faster the UV-curable polymer material cures. Therefore, in the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal, the faster the resin cures, the smaller the liquid crystal droplet 10a becomes. Therefore, the small liquid crystal droplets 10a _S are formed in a relatively short time only in the portion where the light directly strikes the light shielding layer 30, and the large liquid crystal droplets 10a _S are formed in the shadow portion of the light shielding layer 30. 10a _L is formed in a relatively long time.

As shown in FIG. 6C, when the large liquid crystal droplet 10a _L is formed, the large liquid crystal droplet 1a is formed.
The liquid crystal molecules around the portion where 0a _L is present or the small liquid crystal droplets 10a _S are large liquid crystal droplets 10 in the formation process.
attracted to a _L. This can be confirmed by experiments.

As a result, as shown in FIG.
A portion Y along the outer shape of the light-shielding layer 30 is a region where substantially only the polymer matrix 10b exists.

FIG. 7 shows a UV light source 4 for curing a polymer.
It is a figure which shows an example of 0. The UV light source 40 is a semi-condensing type in which a light source lamp 42 is arranged at the focal point of a reflector 44, and the light reflected from the reflector 44 is incident on the substrate surface of the TFT substrate 12 as substantially parallel light. Then
The light component obliquely incident on the substrate surface of the TFT substrate 12 is made as small as possible. Thereby, the light shielding layer 3
The polymer material and the liquid crystal material are phase-separated while the areas that are shaded by 0 and the areas that are not shaded by the light-shielding layer 30 are better separated, and a large liquid crystal droplet 10a _L and a small liquid crystal droplet are formed. 10a _S can be surely formed, and thus the region Y in which only the polymer matrix 10b substantially exists can be formed more reliably.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of actual use of the polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display device thus formed. Either the TFT substrate 12 or the color filter substrate 14 may be the display surface side. In FIG. 8, the color filter substrate 14 is arranged on the backlight 46 side, and the display surface side (observer side)
The TFT substrate 12 is arranged in the. With this arrangement, the gate and drain bus lines 29, 30 of the TFT substrate 12 and the substantially polymer matrix 10 are provided.
The region Y where only b exists performs a light blocking action equivalent to that of the conventional black matrix, and an image with high contrast can be realized.

In this case, the conventional black matrix is provided on the color filter substrate 14, and the black matrix is replaced with the pixel electrode 16 in consideration of the possibility that the black matrix may be displaced with respect to the pixel electrode 16 of the TFT substrate 12 during assembly. It had to overlap over a considerable area. Therefore, the aperture ratio has been low in the past. However, in the present invention, after the TFT substrate 12 and the color filter substrate 14 are adhered to each other and the liquid crystal is injected, a region Y of the liquid crystal layer 10 in which substantially only the polymer matrix 10b exists is formed. Is not likely to be displaced with respect to the pixel electrode 16 and the gate and drain bus lines 29 and 30, and therefore, it is not necessary to provide the pixel electrode 16 and the pixel electrode 16 so as to overlap so that the aperture ratio is considerably reduced unlike the conventional black matrix. .

Therefore, according to the present invention, the aperture ratio can be improved as compared with the case where the color filter substrate 14 is provided with the black matrix. For example, in the present invention, the aperture ratio was 63%, and when the black matrix was provided, the aperture ratio was 38%. When a backlight was used, a contrast of 5 or more (driving voltage 5 V) could be achieved within a viewing angle of 60 degrees from the normal line of the display device. Preferably, when the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer 10 is about 5 μm, the bus lines and the pixel electrodes 15 are formed.
Since the distance a (FIG. 3) between and is set to about 5 to 8 μm, the region Y is manufactured under the condition that the area Y is equal to or slightly larger than the distance a.

When the light hits the TFT 26, the semiconductor film of the TFT 26 is excited by the light, which may be bad. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG.
The light shielding film 48 is provided only on the portion 26. This light shielding film 48
May be a metal such as chromium, or a resin containing black carbon or the like and having a high optical density.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the relationship between the UV illuminance and the contrast ratio. If the intensity of the irradiated UV is too high, the polymerization rate ratio becomes small, making it difficult to selectively secure the dispersion region. From FIG. 11, it can be seen that the illuminance of ultraviolet rays is preferably 20 milliwatts per square centimeter or less. In the example, 15 milliwatts per square centimeter was adopted.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the liquid crystal mixture ratio and the contrast ratio. From FIG. 12, it can be seen that the mixing ratio of the liquid crystal material in the mixture is preferably in the range of 60 to 80% in order to selectively secure the dispersion region. In the embodiment, it is 72%.

[0042]

As described above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display device having a high aperture ratio and excellent contrast and a method for manufacturing the same.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a principle diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display device according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the active matrix of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an operation of the liquid crystal display device of FIG. 2 when no voltage is applied.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the liquid crystal display device of FIG. 2 when a voltage is applied.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a method of manufacturing a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal-free region according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a light source for curing a polymer.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a usage example of the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example in which a light shielding film is provided on a TFT.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a relationship between UV illuminance and a contrast ratio.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a relationship between a liquid crystal mixture ratio and a contrast ratio.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a conventional technique.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing another conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 ... Liquid crystal layer 10a ... Liquid crystal droplet 10b ... Polymer matrix 12, 14 ... Substrate 16 ... Pixel electrode 18 ... Common electrode 20 ... Polarizer 22 ... Analyzer 26 ... TFT X ... Region where liquid crystal droplet exists Y ... High Area where only molecular matrix exists

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kazutaka Hanaoka 1015 Kamiodanaka, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Fujitsu Limited (72) Inventor Kimiaki Nakamura 1015, Kamedotachu, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa (in Fujitsu Limited) 72) Inventor Hideo Senda 1015 Kamiodanaka, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture, Fujitsu Limited (72) Inventor Takahiro Sasaki, 1015, Kamedotachu, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture, Fujitsu Limited

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A liquid crystal layer (10) inserted between first and second substrates (12, 14), a polarizer (20) and an analyzer outside the first and second substrates. (22) is disposed, and the liquid crystal layer is composed of polymer dispersed liquid crystal containing liquid crystal droplets (10a) dispersed in a polymer matrix (10b), and the liquid crystal droplets are substantially present only in a predetermined region (X). The polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device is characterized in that only the polymer matrix exists in the other region (Y). 2. Polymer dispersion according to claim 1, characterized in that one (12) of the first and second substrates has an active matrix and the other substrate (14) has a color filter. Type liquid crystal display device. 3. The substrate (12) having the active matrix has a light shielding layer (26, 29, 30), and a predetermined region (X) where liquid crystal droplets substantially exist is inside the light shielding layer. A first portion and a second portion outside the light-shielding layer, and a third portion along the outer shape of the light-shielding layer is between the first and second portions. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein the portion 3 corresponds to the other region (Y) in which substantially only the polymer matrix exists. 4. A substrate (14) having the color filter.
4. The polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display device according to claim 3, wherein there is substantially no light-shielding layer. 5. The liquid crystal layer is made of a compatible mixture of a photocurable polymer material and a liquid crystal material, and the mixture is irradiated with light to cause the polymer material and the liquid crystal material to undergo phase separation, whereby a polymer matrix is formed. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein liquid crystal droplets dispersed therein are formed. 6. The liquid crystal layer comprises a mixture (10x) of a photo-curable polymer material and a liquid crystal material, one of the first and second substrates has a light shielding layer, and the first and second substrates. And the step of irradiating the mixture (10x) with light (UV) from the side of the substrate (12) having the light shielding layer (30). Liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in the polymer matrix by phase separation of the polymer material and the liquid crystal material,
At that time, the liquid crystal droplets substantially exist only in the first portion inside the light shielding layer and the second portion outside the light shielding layer, and the third liquid crystal droplets along the outer shape of the light shielding layer are present. 2. The method for producing a polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein substantially only the polymer matrix is present in the portion. 7. The substrate having the light-shielding layer is a substrate having an active matrix, and the substrate having the color filter is substantially free of the light-shielding layer. Of manufacturing a polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display device. 8. The irradiating light comprises ultraviolet rays (UV),
The method for producing a polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device according to claim 6, wherein the illuminance of the ultraviolet rays is 20 milliwatts per square centimeter or less. 9. The method for producing a polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device according to claim 6, wherein the mixing ratio of the liquid crystal material in the mixture is in the range of 60 to 80%.