JPH08178247A - Method of detecting nature of refuse in incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a method of detecting the nature of refuse in an incinerator capable of accurately detecting the nature of refuse such as water content immediately after the refuse is thrown into a burning band. CONSTITUTION: A stoker mechanism is constructed such that there are parallely provided a drying band 6 for drying introduced refuse conveying the same and a burning band 7 for burning the dried refuse conveying the same through a stepped part d2. There is provided a radiation temperature measuring instrument 1 at a position where it faces the stepped part d2 from the downstream side of the burning band 7. The instrument 1 detects the thickness of the refuse in the burning band 7 based upon temperature distribution at the stepped part d2 detected by the radiation temperature measuring instrument 1 and estimates the nature of the refuse based upon the detected temperature or the thickness of the refuse.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stoker mechanism in which a drying zone for drying thrown dust while transporting it and a burning zone for burning dry dust while transporting them are connected through a step. The present invention relates to a method for detecting the property of dust in a refuse incinerator having a radiation temperature measuring device that is configured and has a radiation temperature measuring device at a position facing the step from the downstream side of the combustion zone.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art This type of incinerator is designed to burn waste containing moisture such as raw waste in a dry zone first and then burn it in a combustion zone in order to burn the waste in a dried state. Although configured, in order to increase the efficiency of incineration of garbage,
In order to secure the combustion area in the combustion zone region, it is necessary to adjust the transportation speed of dust, the supply amount of combustion air, and the like. Therefore, conventionally, a burn-out point at which the gasification and combustion of dust ends in the combustion zone has been detected using an image pickup device in the visible light region for monitoring the inside of the furnace. More specifically, the flame width is detected, and the end position of the flame is detected as the burn-out point by the perspective method, and the detected burn-out point is maintained within a predetermined range along the transport direction of the combustion zone. As described above, the control means for adjusting the transportation speed of dust, the supply amount of combustion air, and the like are provided.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned burn-out point detection, the result of combustion based on properties such as the water content of the currently burning dust is detected, and it is then conveyed. This is established on the assumption that the water content of dust does not change significantly.If the dust quality changes suddenly, the transport speed of dust in the dry zone and combustion zone and the supply amount of combustion air should be adjusted appropriately. In some cases, the incineration efficiency could be lowered due to the inability to adjust the temperature. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for detecting the property of waste in a waste incinerator, which can immediately detect the property such as the water content of the waste when the waste is put into the incineration treatment zone.

[0004]

In order to achieve this object, the first characteristic constitution of the method for detecting the property of dust in the incinerator according to the present invention is a drying zone for drying the introduced dust while transporting it and a drying zone. A stoker mechanism is formed by connecting a combustion zone that burns while transporting dust through a step portion, and a radiation temperature measuring device is provided at a position facing the step portion from the downstream side of the combustion zone. The point is that the dust thickness in the combustion zone is detected from the temperature distribution in the step portion detected by the radiation temperature measuring device, and the property of dust is estimated based on the detected dust thickness or temperature. The second characteristic configuration is equipped with a pusher mechanism that drops and throws dust into the furnace through the stepped portion from the charging port, and a drying zone for drying the thrown dust while transporting it The stoker mechanism is formed by connecting a combustion zone to be burned through a step portion, and a radiation temperature measuring device is provided at a position facing the step portion from the downstream side of the combustion zone. The point is that the dust thickness in the dry zone and the combustion zone is detected from the temperature distributions at both the step portions detected by, and the property of the dust is estimated based on the detected dust thickness or temperature.

[0005]

According to the first characteristic configuration, the lower portion of the temperature distribution of the step portion of the dry zone and the combustion zone detected by the radiation temperature measuring device is the radiant energy from the portion covered with the accumulated dust. Therefore, the temperature is considerably high, but it is not so high because the surface temperature of the stepped portion itself made of refractory brick is detected in the area above the area. Therefore, from the temperature distribution in the step portion, the amount of dust dropped from the drying zone, that is, the thickness of the dust, and the dust temperature at that portion are known, so if the dust temperature is high, the water content of the dust is low and it is easy to burn. If the dust temperature is low, it can be estimated that the dust has a high water content and is difficult to burn. According to the second characteristic configuration,
In addition to the first characteristic configuration, since the temperature distribution in the step portion from the dust input port to the drying zone can be grasped, the temperature distribution from the temperature distribution allows the dust to be conveyed to the combustion zone after the thickness and temperature of the dust and the drying process. By comparing the thickness and temperature of the dust immediately after it is discharged, for example, when the combustion flame temperature is constant, the temperature of the dust supplied to the combustion zone rises from the temperature immediately after being fed into the drying zone. The degree of water content is grasped at, and the flammability is grasped by the degree of decrease in the thickness of dust dropped and supplied into the combustion zone from the thickness immediately after being introduced into the dry zone.

[0006]

According to the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting the property of waste in a waste incinerator, which can immediately detect the property such as the water content of the waste when the waste is put into the incineration zone. I was able to do it.

[0007]

EXAMPLE An example of the method for detecting the property of dust in the refuse incinerator according to the present invention will be described below. Garbage incinerator
As shown in FIG. 3, it is provided with a hopper 3 for containing dust that is an object to be incinerated, a combustion chamber 2 for incinerating the dust, an ash pit 4 for collecting incinerated ash, and the like. The hopper 3
A pusher mechanism 5 for dropping dust from the charging port 2a into the furnace through the step portion d1 is provided in the lower part of the chamber, and the combustion chamber 2 conveys the dust charged from the charging port 2a. The step d2 includes a drying zone 6 for drying while burning, a combustion zone 7 for burning and burning the dust dried in the drying zone 6, and a post-combustion zone 8 for ashing the dust burned in the combustion zone 7. , D3 connected in series, that is, a grate G arranged in a slanting vertical position is slid in a slanting vertical direction by hydraulic cylinders C1, C2, C3 to stir the dust while stirring the ash pit. 4 is provided with a mechanism for transporting the sheet. An air box 12 is provided below the stoker mechanism for each processing zone, and air for drying and combustion is supplied by a blower 13 through a supply path 14. Air is supplied to each air box 12. A damper D for adjusting the amount is provided.
The dust ashed in the post-combustion zone 8 falls on the ash pushing device 10 and is conveyed and accumulated in the ash pit 4 by the ash feeding conveyor 11. The combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber 2 is a flue 1 formed in the space above the drying zone 6 to the combustion zone 7.
5 and a waste heat boiler 1 provided downstream of the flue 15
After passing through 6, dust and harmful gas are removed and exhausted by an exhaust gas treatment facility 17 such as an electric dust collector. The steam generated by heat exchange by the waste heat boiler 16 is supplied to the turbine of the generator 18, and the extracted electric power is used as electric power for operating the facility of the incinerator.

In the combustion chamber 2, a radiation temperature measuring device for monitoring a combustion state at a position facing the step portions d1 and d2 from the downstream side of the combustion zone 7, that is, a rear side wall of the post combustion zone 8. 1, an infrared camera as 1, a thermocouple as the furnace outlet temperature detecting means 21 for detecting the temperature of the combustion zone 7, a pressure detecting means (not shown) for detecting the amount of combustion air, etc. The detection value is input, the combustion state of the combustion chamber 2 is evaluated based on the input data, and the dust introduction speed by the pusher 5, the dust conveyance speed by the stoker mechanism, the opening degree of the damper D, etc. are adjusted. A computer-based combustion control device 20 for adjusting and maintaining an appropriate combustion state is provided. The combustion control device 20 is provided with a calculation unit 20a that detects the property of dust introduced into the combustion chamber 2 based on the measurement data obtained by the radiation temperature measuring device 1. The calculation unit 20a detects the dust thickness in the combustion zone 7 from the temperature distribution in the step d2 detected by the radiation temperature measuring device 1, and estimates the property of dust based on the detected dust thickness. Alternatively, the dust thickness in the dry zone 6 and the combustion zone 7 is detected from the temperature distribution in the step portions d1 and d2 detected by the radiation temperature measuring device 1, and the dust characteristics are detected based on the detected dust thickness. To estimate.

Hereinafter, a method of detecting the property of dust in the arithmetic unit 20a will be described. Radiation temperature measuring instrument 1
Is for detecting the radiant energy from the furnace corresponding to the black body radiant energy as shown in FIG. 4 to obtain the temperature. As shown in FIG. 5, CO in the flame generated on the combustion zone 7 is detected. , CO ₂ , NOX, SOX, and even H ₂ O to avoid the infrared energy absorption band, the infrared camera is equipped with a filter having a wavelength of about 3.9 (3.6 to 4) μm. The radiant energy from the drying zone 6 and the step portions d1 and d2 can be measured by transmitting the combustion flame in the combustion zone 7. The arithmetic unit 20
As shown in FIG. 1, a obtains the dust thickness at the step portions d1 and d2 based on the image data obtained by the radiation temperature measuring device 1, and estimates the dust property from the value. More specifically, first, in the lower portion of the temperature distribution of the step portion d2 of the drying zone 6 and the combustion zone 7, the radiant energy from the portion covered with the accumulated dust is measured, so about 700- Although it is considerably high at 800 ° C or higher, the surface temperature of the step portion d2 itself made of refractory bricks is detected at a portion above that portion, and therefore, about 600 ° C.
Below ℃, it does not become so high. Therefore, since the amount of dust dropped from the drying zone 6, that is, the thickness of the dust and the dust temperature at that portion are known from the temperature distribution in the step portion d2, if the dust temperature is high, the drying zone 6 is sufficiently dried. Therefore, it is possible to presume that the waste is a combustible waste that has a low water content and is easily burned. If the temperature of the waste is low, the drying in the drying zone 6 is insufficient and the water content of the waste is high, and thus it is difficult to burn. . A calculation process for estimating the specific property of dust will be described. First, Fig. 1
As shown in, X obtained by the radiation temperature measuring instrument 1
Two-dimensional image data of Y (brightness information in each pixel indicates information related to temperature) is stored in a memory (not shown) provided in the arithmetic unit 20a, and the step portion d2 is used as an inspection surface.
The area (the same applies to d1) (the area specified by the widths of ΔX and ΔY in the drawing) is extracted. X in the extracted area
The width ΔX in the axial direction is divided into small widths every several pixels, and
As shown in FIG. 2A, as shown in FIG. 2B, the temperature average value in the X coordinate direction with respect to the Y coordinate equal to each strip-shaped region is obtained. The temperature distribution in the Y-axis direction, that is, the height direction is calculated and derived. From the obtained temperature distribution, the ratio of the temperature difference ΔT between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature and the height ΔY of the step is calculated for each strip-shaped area, and as shown in FIG. The maximum height (| ΔT / ΔY |> α (the value of α is appropriately determined based on the size of the furnace, etc.) is calculated, and the average value of the heights is calculated as Thickness and fixed height H
The average temperature of the lower region is calculated and derived as the temperature of dust. The size and number of the strip-shaped areas are arbitrary and are not particularly limited. Further, in order to detect the thickness of dust, the description has been given of the method of obtaining the coordinates where the temperature gradient is smaller than the predetermined value α, but it is not the temperature gradient but the temperature itself is used as a reference to detect the thickness of dust. It may be.

As described above, since it is possible to previously grasp the dust thickness measured at that time and the dust quality of the dust to be incinerated based on the dust temperature, it is possible to grasp such a change in the dust quality in time series. The dust feed rate by the stoker mechanism, the amount of combustion air supplied by adjusting the opening degree of the damper D, and the like can be adjusted in advance to optimal values, and combustion efficiency can be improved. For example, if it is determined that a large amount of dust having a high water content is supplied, the pusher 5
The amount of dust input is reduced, the transport speed of dust in the drying zone 6 is reduced to accelerate drying, while the amount of air supplied in the combustion zone 7 is increased to promote combustion, and the water content is low. When it is determined that a small amount of dust is supplied, the amount of dust input by the pusher 5 is increased, the transport speed of dust in the drying zone 6 is increased, and the amount of dust transport to the combustion zone 7 is increased. . Further, in addition to the above, the temperature distribution in the step portion d1 from the dust input port 2a to the drying zone 6 can be grasped. Therefore, from the temperature distribution, the thickness and temperature of the dust immediately after being thrown into the combustion zone 7 are passed through the drying process. By comparing the dust thickness and the temperature immediately after being conveyed, for example,
The temperature of the dust supplied to the combustion zone 7 drops from the temperature immediately after being introduced into the drying zone 6, and the extent of the water content is grasped by the degree of the moisture content, and the thickness of the dust supplied to the combustion zone is dried. The degree of reduction from the thickness immediately after being put into the belt indicates the flammability. In other words, under the constant combustion flame temperature,
If the temperature difference between the step portion d1 and the step portion d2 is small, it can be determined that the water content is large and the waste quality is bad, and if the temperature difference is large, the water content is small and the waste quality is good, Further, if the difference in dust thickness between the step portion d1 and the step portion d2 is large, it can be determined that the dust quality is good and the fuel easily burns because the gasification of the dust in the drying zone 6 is promoted. .

It should be noted that reference numerals are given in the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the structures of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a main part

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a main part

[Fig. 3] Schematic configuration diagram of an incinerator

[Fig. 4] Wavelength characteristic diagram of black body radiant energy

[Figure 5] Characteristic diagram of atmospheric transmittance

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Radiation temperature measuring instrument 2a Input port 6 Drying zone 7 Combustion zone d1 Step portion d2 Step portion

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Office reference number FI technical display location F23G 5/00 109

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A drying zone (6) for transporting and drying the thrown-in dust and a combustion zone (7) for burning and burning the dried dust are connected in series through a step (d2). A method for detecting a property of dust in a refuse incinerator, which comprises a stalker mechanism and is provided with a radiation temperature measuring device (1) at a position facing the step (d2) from a downstream side of the combustion zone (7), The dust thickness in the combustion zone (7) is detected from the temperature distribution in the step portion (d2) detected by the radiation temperature measuring instrument (1), and the dust property is detected based on the detected dust thickness or temperature. Method for estimating the property of garbage in a garbage incinerator. 2. A drying zone (6), which comprises a pusher mechanism (5) for dropping dust into the furnace through a step (d1) from an input port (2a) and drying the dust while being transferred. And a combustion zone (7) that burns while transporting dried dust through a step (d2) to form a stoker mechanism, and the step from the downstream side of the combustion zone (7). A method for detecting the property of dust in a refuse incinerator having a radiation temperature measuring device (1) at a position facing parts (d1) and (d2), wherein the step detected by the radiation temperature measuring device (1) Dust incineration that detects the dust thickness in the dry zone (6) and the combustion zone (7) from the temperature distribution in the parts (d1) and (d2) and estimates the property of the dust based on the detected dust thickness or temperature. Method for detecting the properties of dust in a furnace.