JPH0817641B2 - Hydroponics method - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation method in which highly salted water such as seawater, gray water or the like is desalted to perform hydroponics or soilless cultivation.

[Conventional technology]

For example, when hydroponics is performed in an area where there is no fresh water, such as a beach area, seawater cannot be used for hydroponics as it is, so a desalination apparatus must be prepared in addition to the hydroponics apparatus. In this case, it is necessary to guide the seawater to the desalination apparatus, collect the desalinated fresh water here, and guide it to the hydroponic cultivation apparatus. Therefore, it is necessary to have a water supply pipeline and a pump facility that connect the two facilities.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In conventional hydroponic cultivation in an area without freshwater, as described above, a hydroponic cultivation apparatus and a desalination apparatus, as well as a pump facility, a water supply pipeline, etc. are required, resulting in high equipment costs, and
Since it was necessary to design each facility for each cultivation scale, the cost of the entire system was extremely high.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hydroponic cultivation method that can be easily installed regardless of the cultivation scale and has a reduced cost.

[Means for solving problems]

Therefore, the hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention, by arranging the hydroponic beds above the water surface and arranging the transparent material between the hydroponic beds and covering the upper surface of the water surface with the hydroponic bed and the transparent material, It is characterized by collecting and using the condensed fresh water on the back side of the hydroponic bed and the transparent material.

[Action]

In the hydroponics method of the present invention, the hydroponics beds are arranged,
Since the transparent material is arranged between the hydroponic beds and the upper part of the water surface is covered with the hydroponic bed and the transparent material, the sunlight which is incident through the transparent material warms the water and the evaporation becomes active. The evaporated water vapor condenses on the hydroponic culture bed above the water surface and on the back side of the transparent material, and therefore, by collecting the condensed fresh water, it can be utilized for hydroponic cultivation and other purposes.

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of one embodiment of the hydroponic cultivation method according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the composition of another embodiment of the hydroponic cultivation method according to the present invention, and FIG. It is a figure which shows another Example. In the figure, 1 and 11 are curved panels, 2 and 12 are hydroponic beds, 3, 4, 13, 14 and 21 are fresh water conduits, 5 are support frames, 6, 7, 17 and 18 are fresh water conduits, 15 is an aquarium,
16 is a support part, 19 is a transparent sheet, and 20 is a sheet retainer.

In FIG. 1, the hydroponic cultivation bed 2 is an elongated cultivation bed, and has fresh water conduits 3 on both edges of the upper part. The curved panel 1 is a transparent panel that has substantially the same length as the hydroponic bed 2 and uses a synthetic resin such as glass or plastic. The support frame 5 supports the hydroponic cultivation beds 2 side by side above the water surface, supports the curved panel 1 so as to cover above the gap where the hydroponic cultivation beds 2 are arranged, and further supports the hydroponic cultivation beds 2. It supports the fresh water conduit 4 below. The interval between the hydroponic beds 2 and the width of the curved panel 1 are set so that the edge of the curved panel 1 is located exactly above the fresh water conduit 3.

As described above, in the hydroponic cultivation method according to the present invention, the support frame 5 supports the curved panel 1, the hydroponic bed 2, and the fresh water guide trough 4, and the gap in which the hydroponic beds 2 are arranged,
That is, the curved panel 1 is the opening of the desalination apparatus. Next, desalination will be described. When sunlight is incident through the transparent curved panel 1 during the daytime, the curved panel 1 acts as a lens to warm the water thereunder. Therefore, evaporation from the water surface becomes active, and the evaporated water condenses on the back surface of the curved panel 1 and the hydroponic bed 2. In the daytime, the curved surface panel 1 is directly heated by sunlight, while the backside of the hydroponic bed 2 is shaded and cooled by the flowing water for hydroponic cultivation. Rather, much dew is formed on the back side of the hydroponic bed 2. On the other hand, at night, since the curved panel 1 is cooled by the outside air, much dew is condensed on the back side of the curved panel 1. The fresh water condensed on the back side of the curved panel 1 travels along the curved surface and falls from the edge to the fresh water conduit 3 placed at the upper part of the hydroponic bed 2, and is collected from the fresh water conduit 3 through the fresh water conduit 6. . Similarly, the fresh water condensed on the back side of the hydroponic cultivation bed 2 travels along the outer wall of the hydroponic bed 2 and drops from the bottom to the fresh water conduit 4, and is collected from the fresh water conduit 4 through the fresh water conduit 7.

The example shown in FIG. 1 shows a configuration example in which a support frame is fixed to the water bottom to support a hydroponic bed or the like, but high salt water is introduced into the aquarium and the upper surface of the aquarium is used as a hydroponic bed. FIG. 2 shows an example in which it is covered with a curved panel.
In this example, the wall of the water tank 15 can be used as a support structure without installing a support frame as shown in FIG. Therefore, the hydroponic culture bed 12 can be easily supported only by providing the support portion 16 on the wall of the aquarium 15.

In the example shown in FIG. 3, a transparent sheet (transparent film or the like) is used instead of the curved panel made of glass or plastic.
Is used. In contrast to the case of a curved panel, this is a sheet presser 20 which is V-shaped and a fresh water conduit 21 is arranged at the bottom thereof, and it cannot be formed in a convex shape like a curved panel. In the example of using the curved panel shown in FIG. 1, fresh water conduits are provided on both sides of the upper part of the hydroponic bed to collect the dewed fresh water, so that a gap is required for this collection. Therefore, part of the evaporated water is released from here. However, when a transparent sheet is used as shown in FIG. 3, the hydroponic bed 12 and the transparent sheet 19 can be brought into close contact with each other. It has the advantage that it can be collected.

As described above, the desalination hydroponic cultivation system according to the present invention, by incorporating the hydroponics device in the desalination device, it is possible to have the function of the cooling device for promoting dew condensation in the bottom part of the hydroponics bed, Improvement of fresh water purification efficiency can be expected. According to such a desalination hydroponics system,
In tropical and subtropical areas, desalination of 5 / day or more per 1 m ^{2 of} light receiving area can be expected. Therefore, the amount of transpiration in hydroponics varies depending on the season or the crop, but is 3 to
Since it is 4 / m ² / day, it is also possible to set the plane area ratio of the hydroponic bed and the opening of the desalination apparatus to 2: 1 or more.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made. For example, in the above embodiment,
Although it is explained that seawater is used after being desalinated, it may be applied to domestic wastewater and other miscellaneous wastewater. In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 1, a hydroponic bed using a support frame,
Although the transparent membrane, the fresh water conduit, etc. were all supported, the means for supporting the transparent membrane or the fresh water conduit may be provided in the hydroponic cultivation bed.

〔The invention's effect〕

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, since the desalination apparatus and the hydroponic cultivation apparatus are integrated, the water source is dispersed, the water supply facility from the water source is reduced in size, and various types are provided in accordance therewith. It can be expected to be applied to various agricultural development systems such as efficient use of energy and closer work and housing. Furthermore, primary and secondary treatment of domestic and urban wastewater,
By returning the water to the desalination apparatus again, the water can be circulated and reused at a low cost. Alternatively, in the case of seawater desalination, the treated water can be used for salt production.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of one embodiment of the hydroponic cultivation method according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the composition of another embodiment of the hydroponic cultivation method according to the present invention, and FIG. It is a figure which shows another Example. 1 and 11 …… Curved panel, 2 and 12 …… Hydroponics bed,
3, 4, 13, 14 and 21 …… Fresh water conduit, 5 …… Support frame, 6, 7, 17 and 18 …… Fresh water conduit, 15 …… Tank,
16 …… Supporting part, 19 …… Transparent sheet, 20 …… Sheet holder.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A hydroponic cultivation bed is arranged above the water surface and a transparent material is placed between the hydroponic cultivation beds to cover the water surface above with the hydroponic cultivation bed and the transparent material. A hydroponic cultivation method characterized by collecting and using fresh water that has condensed on the back side of the material. 2. The hydroponic cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein a curved panel is used as the transparent material. 3. The hydroponic cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein a sheet is used as the transparent material.