JPH08175878A - Alumina-magnesia-based casting material - Google Patents
Alumina-magnesia-based casting materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08175878A JPH08175878A JP6319893A JP31989394A JPH08175878A JP H08175878 A JPH08175878 A JP H08175878A JP 6319893 A JP6319893 A JP 6319893A JP 31989394 A JP31989394 A JP 31989394A JP H08175878 A JPH08175878 A JP H08175878A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- mgo
- added
- casting material
- amount
- alumina
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- UAMZXLIURMNTHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3] UAMZXLIURMNTHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 229910018404 Al2 O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 78
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 39
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 15
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、取鍋、タンディッシ
ュ、溶銑樋などの流し込み施工が可能な製鋼、製銑用容
器に使用するアルミナ・マグネシア質流し込み材に関す
るものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a casting material such as a ladle, a tundish, and a hot metal gutter that can be poured into steel, and an alumina / magnesia casting material used in a container for pig iron making.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】アルミナ質流し込み材は、耐溶損性に優
れているが、耐浸潤性が無いため、使用中にスラグ侵潤
が生じる。スラグが侵潤するとアルミナ質流し込み材は
組成が変質し、変質の大きい部分から剥離していく。こ
のため、前記流し込み材を取鍋などに使用している場
合、使用期間が短くなる。このため、修理を頻繁に行う
必要がありコストアップになる。2. Description of the Related Art Alumina-based casting materials are excellent in melting resistance, but they are not resistant to infiltration, so that slag infiltration occurs during use. When the slag infiltrates, the composition of the alumina casting material deteriorates, and the material gradually peels off from the portion where the deterioration is large. Therefore, when the pouring material is used for a ladle or the like, the usage period is shortened. For this reason, it is necessary to perform repairs frequently, resulting in an increase in cost.
【０００３】このスラグ侵潤を防ぐために、アルミナに
スピネル(MgO・Al2O3 複酸化物) を添加したり、マグネ
シアを添加したりしている。スピネルを添加する場合
は、流し込み材の線膨張率が問題となることは少ない
が、マグネシアの場合は、線膨張率が大きくなり過ぎ、
流し込み材として実機に適用できないことがある。In order to prevent this slag infiltration, spinel (MgO.Al 2 O 3 complex oxide) or magnesia is added to alumina. When spinel is added, the linear expansion coefficient of the casting material is less likely to be a problem, but in the case of magnesia, the linear expansion coefficient becomes too large,
It may not be applicable to actual equipment as a casting material.
【０００４】例えば、アルミナにマグネシアを添加した
流し込み材を取鍋に施工した場合、使用中に膨張過多が
原因で亀裂が発生し、これが徐々に成長し、この部分か
ら溶鋼が侵入し使用不可能になることがある。あるい
は、複数の亀裂が成長して繋がり、広範囲にわたって流
し込み材が脱落して使用不可能になることもある。For example, when a casting material made by adding magnesia to alumina is applied to a ladle, cracks occur due to excessive expansion during use, which gradually grows and molten steel penetrates from this portion, making it unusable. May become. Alternatively, a plurality of cracks may grow and connect with each other, and the casting material may fall off over a wide area and become unusable.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】使用中の流し込み材の
膨張を制御するために MgOの粒度を変えたり、 MgOの添
加量を変えるなどの手法を取っている。しかし、流し込
み材の耐用性を悪化させずに、膨張を制御することは困
難である。線膨張率を小さくするために、MgO の粒度を
粗くするとスラグ侵潤が大きくなる。また、微粉と中粒
の使用によって、スラグ侵潤を抑制し線膨張率を小さく
しようとしても、微粉と中粒の適切な混合比を見つける
ことは難しい。また、MgO の添加量を減らしていくと流
し込み材の膨張は減るが、逆にスラグ侵潤が大きくなる
という問題がある。In order to control the expansion of the casting material during use, the particle size of MgO is changed or the amount of MgO added is changed. However, it is difficult to control expansion without degrading the durability of the cast material. If the grain size of MgO is made coarse to reduce the linear expansion coefficient, slag infiltration becomes large. Even if it is attempted to suppress slag infiltration and reduce the linear expansion coefficient by using fine powder and medium particles, it is difficult to find an appropriate mixing ratio of fine powder and medium particles. Further, when the amount of MgO added is reduced, the expansion of the cast material decreases, but on the contrary, there is a problem that slag infiltration increases.
【０００６】本発明は、アルミナ・マグネシア質流し込
み材にジルコニア(ZrO2)を添加することにより、使用条
件に合った最適な膨張と耐用性を兼ね備えた流し込み材
を提供することを目的とする。An object of the present invention is to provide a casting material having optimum expansion and durability suitable for use conditions by adding zirconia (ZrO 2 ) to the alumina / magnesia casting material.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の要旨は、質量％
で、 Al2O3質原料 :70〜95％、 MgO質原料:2〜10％、Zr
O2質原料:0.1〜3 ％の組成からなるアルミナ・マグネシ
ア質流し込み材である。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The gist of the present invention is that the mass% is
, Al 2 O 3 quality raw material: 70 to 95%, MgO quality raw material: 2 to 10%, Zr
O 2 raw material: An alumina / magnesia casting material having a composition of 0.1 to 3%.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】MgOは、使用中の加熱により流し込み材主成分
のAl2O3 と反応し、スピネル(MgO・Al2O3)を生成して膨
張する。また、このスピネルは使用中にスラグ中のFeO
を固定し、流し込み材へのスラグ侵潤を抑制して耐用性
を向上させる。一方、ZrO2はスピネル生成速度を小さく
するため、MgO の添加量を増やしても流し込み材の膨張
は余り大きくならない。また、ZrO2はスラグ中のCaO を
固定するため、流し込み材の溶損を小さくする。したが
って、アルミナ・マグネシア質流し込み材にジルコニア
を添加することによって、流し込み材の膨張を小さくし
て、MgO の添加量を増やしスラグ侵潤を抑制して耐用性
を向上させることができる。[Function] MgO reacts with Al 2 O 3 which is the main component of the casting material by heating during use, and produces spinel (MgO.Al 2 O 3 ) to expand. This spinel also contains FeO in the slag during use.
Is fixed to suppress the infiltration of slag into the casting material and improve the durability. On the other hand, since ZrO 2 reduces the spinel formation rate, the expansion of the cast material does not increase so much even if the amount of MgO added is increased. In addition, ZrO 2 fixes CaO in the slag, thus reducing the melting loss of the casting material. Therefore, by adding zirconia to the alumina-magnesia casting material, expansion of the casting material can be reduced, the amount of MgO added can be increased, slag infiltration can be suppressed, and durability can be improved.
【０００９】次に、アルミナ・マグネシア質流し込み材
での MgOおよびZrO2の適切添加量の限定理由について説
明する。図１に MgO添加量と1500℃における流し込み材
の線膨張変化率との関係を示す。また、図２に MgO添加
量と1500℃における流し込み材の耐溶損性および耐スラ
グ侵潤性との関係を示す。Next, the reasons for limiting the appropriate addition amounts of MgO and ZrO 2 in the alumina / magnesia casting material will be described. Figure 1 shows the relationship between the amount of MgO added and the linear expansion change rate of the cast material at 1500 ° C. Fig. 2 shows the relationship between the amount of MgO added and the erosion resistance and slag infiltration resistance of the cast material at 1500 ° C.
【００１０】図１から明らかなように MgO添加量が増す
と線膨張変化率も大きくなっている。しかし、図２に示
すように、添加量が 7％以上になると耐溶損性は向上
し、また、耐スラグ侵潤性は 5％以上で著しく向上す
る。As is clear from FIG. 1, the rate of change in linear expansion increases as the amount of MgO added increases. However, as shown in FIG. 2, when the addition amount is 7% or more, the melt damage resistance is improved, and the slag infiltration resistance is significantly improved at 5% or more.
【００１１】また、上記の結果を勘案して、 MgO添加量
を 3％と 5％に固定し、ZrO2を添加した場合のアルミナ
・マグネシア質流し込み材への効果について調査した。
図３に MgO添加量 5％のときのZrO2添加量と1500℃にお
ける流し込み材の線膨張変化率との関係を、図４および
図５に MgO添加量 5％のときのZrO2添加量と1500℃にお
ける流し込み材の耐溶損性および耐スラグ侵潤性との関
係を、また、図６に MgO添加量 3％のときのZrO2添加量
と1500℃における流し込み材の耐溶損性および耐スラグ
侵潤性との関係を示す。In consideration of the above results, the effect of adding ZrO 2 on the alumina / magnesia casting material was investigated by fixing the added amounts of MgO to 3% and 5%.
Figure 3 shows the relationship between the amount of ZrO 2 added when the amount of MgO added is 5% and the linear expansion change rate of the cast material at 1500 ° C, and the relationship between the amount of ZrO 2 added when the amount of MgO added is 5% is shown in Figs. 4 and 5. The relationship between the melting resistance and the slag infiltration resistance of the cast material at 1500 ℃ is shown in Fig. 6, and the amount of ZrO 2 added when the MgO content is 3% and the corrosion resistance and slag resistance of the cast material at 1500 ℃ are shown in Fig. 6. Show the relationship with invasiveness.
【００１２】図３に示すように、線膨張変化率は MgOの
悪影響を抑え、 1％のZrO2の添加で半減し、 4％の添加
ではほぼ 0に近くなる。また、図４に示すように、耐溶
損性はZrO2を添加してもほとんど変化は無いが、耐スラ
グ侵潤性は 2％以上のZrO2の添加で大きく悪化する。ま
た、流し込み材の耐溶損性および耐スラグ侵潤性に及ぼ
す添加量が 1.0％以下のZrO2の影響は、図５に示すよう
に添加量 1.0％を基準にすると、添加量が 0.2％未満に
なると悪影響がでてくる。As shown in FIG. 3, the rate of change in linear expansion suppresses the adverse effect of MgO, is reduced to half by the addition of 1% ZrO 2 , and is almost zero at the addition of 4%. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the erosion resistance is hardly changed even when ZrO 2 is added, but the slag infiltration resistance is significantly deteriorated by the addition of 2% or more ZrO 2 . In addition, the effect of ZrO 2 with an addition amount of 1.0% or less on the melt damage resistance and slag infiltration resistance of the casting material is less than 0.2% based on the addition amount of 1.0% as shown in Fig. 5. If this happens, there will be adverse effects.
【００１３】MgO 添加量が 3％のときは、図６に示すよ
うに、耐溶損性はZrO2を添加してもほとんど変化は無い
が、耐スラグ侵潤性は 4％以上のZrO2の添加で大きく悪
化する。このように、アルミナ・マグネシア質流し込み
材に少量のジルコニアを添加して、流し込み材の膨張を
抑えるとともに耐用性も向上させることができる。When the added amount of MgO is 3%, as shown in FIG. 6, the corrosion resistance is almost unchanged even when ZrO 2 is added, but the slag infiltration resistance is 4% or more of that of ZrO 2 . Addition makes it much worse. Thus, a small amount of zirconia can be added to the alumina-magnesia casting material to suppress the expansion of the casting material and improve the durability.
【００１４】したがって、図１〜６の結果を勘案して、
MgOの添加量は 2〜10％の範囲に限定した。また、ZrO2
の添加量は 0.1〜3 ％の範囲に限定した。Therefore, considering the results of FIGS.
The amount of MgO added was limited to the range of 2-10%. Also, ZrO 2
The addition amount of was limited to the range of 0.1 to 3%.
【００１５】[0015]
【実施例】以下に、本発明の実施例について説明する。
実施例に使用した本発明のアルミナ・マグネシア質流し
込み材の組成は、質量％で、Al2O3:91.5％、 MgO:4.8
％、SiO2:0.8％、CaO:1.0 ％、ZrO2:1.0％であり、比較
例のそれは、Al2O3:90.2％、 MgO:6.7％、SiO2:0.8％、
CaO:1.1 ％である。勿論、これら流し込み材は前述の成
分のみならず、シリカフラワー、アルミナセメント等を
配合している。これら二つの流し込み材の諸特性を表１
に示す。EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below.
The composition of the alumina-magnesia casting material of the present invention used in the examples has a mass% of Al 2 O 3 : 91.5% and MgO: 4.8.
%, SiO 2 : 0.8%, CaO: 1.0%, ZrO 2 : 1.0%, that of the comparative example is Al 2 O 3 : 90.2%, MgO: 6.7%, SiO 2 : 0.8%,
CaO: 1.1%. Of course, these casting materials contain not only the aforementioned components but also silica flour, alumina cement and the like. Table 1 shows the characteristics of these two casting materials.
Shown in
【００１６】表１に示すように、本発明例の流し込み材
の1500℃における線膨張変化率は比較例の約 1/2であ
り、1650℃における溶損指数は約 1/2、スラグ侵潤指数
は約 1/4である。[0016] As shown in Table 1, the linear expansion change rate at 1500 ° C of the cast material of the present invention is about 1/2 of that of the comparative example, the melt loss index at 1650 ° C is about 1/2, and the slag infiltration is shown. The index is about 1/4.
【００１７】上記二つの流し込み材を図５に示す90トン
の溶鋼処理用鍋の側壁と敷部に施工して比較テストを行
った。側壁にはそれぞれ 7.5トン、敷部にはそれぞれ
3.5トン施工した。稼働期間中の修理パターンは、大修
理→中修理→中修理→大修理で、大修理では敷部、側
壁、スラグライン、フリーボードを修理し、中修理では
敷部を部分修理し、スラグライン、フリーボードを修理
した。側壁は大修理のみであるので、稼働期間中の修理
の際に、側壁をボーリングして残存厚を実測した。実測
時期は、本発明例の場合、52チャージ後、51チャージ
後、53チャージ後で、合計 146チャージ後に大修理を行
った。比較例の場合、44チャージ後、28チャージ後、51
チャージ後で、合計 123チャージ後に大修理を行った。A comparison test was carried out by applying the above two casting materials to the side wall and floor of a 90 ton ladle for molten steel treatment shown in FIG. 7.5 tons on each side wall, each on floor
Constructed 3.5 tons. The repair pattern during the operation period is major repair → middle repair → middle repair → major repair.In the major repair, the floor, side wall, slug line, and freeboard are repaired, and in the middle repair, the floor is partially repaired and the slag line is repaired. , Repaired the freeboard. Since the side wall is only subjected to major repairs, the remaining thickness was measured by boring the side wall during repair during the operation period. In the case of the example of the present invention, the actual measurement was performed after 52 charges, 51 charges, 53 charges, and a total of 146 charges, and then a major repair was performed. In the case of the comparative example, 44 charges, 28 charges, 51
After charging, a total of 123 charges were followed by a major repair.
【００１８】側壁の残存厚実測結果を図６に示す。図６
に示すように大修理後の側壁施工厚さは175mm である。
本発明例では 146チャージ後の大修理時で80mm溶損して
残存厚は95mmであった。これに対して、比較例は 123チ
ャージ後の大修理時で135mm溶損して残存厚は40mmであ
った。このように本発明のアルミナ・マグネシア質流し
込み材は溶損量も少なく、表１に示すように線膨張変化
率も小さく、耐スラグ侵潤性にも優れているため、耐用
性が向上している。FIG. 6 shows the measurement results of the remaining thickness of the side wall. Figure 6
As shown in Fig. 5, the sidewall construction thickness after major repair is 175 mm.
In the example of the present invention, after a large repair of 146 charges, 80 mm was melted and the remaining thickness was 95 mm. On the other hand, in the comparative example, 135 mm was melted and the remaining thickness was 40 mm at the time of major repair after 123 charges. Thus, the alumina / magnesia casting material of the present invention has a small amount of erosion loss, a small rate of change in linear expansion as shown in Table 1, and excellent slag infiltration resistance. There is.
【００１９】[0019]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】以上述べたところから明らかなように、
本発明に係わるアルミナ・マグネシア質流し込み材は耐
溶損性、耐膨張性、耐スラグ侵潤性に優れているたた
め、流し込み材の耐用性が著しく向上するという優れた
効果を有するものである。As is apparent from the above description,
Since the alumina / magnesia casting material according to the present invention is excellent in melting resistance, expansion resistance and slag infiltration resistance, it has an excellent effect that the durability of the casting material is remarkably improved.
【図１】MgO添加量と1500℃における流し込み材の線膨
張変化率との関係を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of MgO added and the linear expansion change rate of a cast material at 1500 ° C.
【図２】MgO添加量と1500℃における流し込み材の耐溶
損性および耐スラグ侵潤性との関係を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of MgO added and the melt resistance and slag infiltration resistance of the cast material at 1500 ° C.
【図３】MgO添加量 5％のときのZrO2添加量と1500℃に
おける流し込み材の線膨張変化率との関係を示す図であ
る。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the added amount of ZrO 2 when the added amount of MgO is 5% and the linear expansion change rate of the cast material at 1500 ° C.
【図４】MgO 添加量 5％のときのZrO2添加量と1500℃に
おける流し込み材の耐溶損性および耐スラグ侵潤性との
関係を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the added amount of ZrO 2 when the added amount of MgO is 5% and the erosion resistance and slag infiltration resistance of the cast material at 1500 ° C.
【図５】MgO 添加量 5％のときのZrO2添加量と1500℃に
おける流し込み材の耐溶損性および耐スラグ侵潤性との
関係を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the added amount of ZrO 2 when the added amount of MgO is 5% and the erosion resistance and slag infiltration resistance of the cast material at 1500 ° C.
【図６】MgO 添加量 3％のときのZrO2添加量と1500℃に
おける流し込み材の耐溶損性および耐スラグ侵潤性との
関係を示す図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of ZrO 2 added when the amount of MgO added is 3%, and the erosion resistance and slag infiltration resistance of the cast material at 1500 ° C.
【図７】本発明例と比較例の流し込み材を施工した90ト
ンの溶鋼処理用鍋の側壁と敷部を示す図である。FIG. 7 is a view showing a side wall and a floor portion of a 90 ton ladle for molten steel treatment in which the casting materials of the present invention example and the comparative example are applied.
【図８】実施例での側壁の残存厚実測結果を示す図であ
る。FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a measurement result of a remaining thickness of a side wall in an example.
Claims (1)
gO質原料:2〜10％、ZrO2質原料:0.1〜3 ％の組成からな
ることを特徴とするアルミナ・マグネシア質流し込み
材。1. Al 2 O 3 raw material: 70 to 95% by mass, M
Alumina-magnesia casting material characterized by having a composition of gO quality raw material: 2 to 10% and ZrO 2 quality raw material: 0.1 to 3%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6319893A JPH08175878A (en) | 1994-12-22 | 1994-12-22 | Alumina-magnesia-based casting material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6319893A JPH08175878A (en) | 1994-12-22 | 1994-12-22 | Alumina-magnesia-based casting material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08175878A true JPH08175878A (en) | 1996-07-09 |
Family
ID=18115411
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6319893A Withdrawn JPH08175878A (en) | 1994-12-22 | 1994-12-22 | Alumina-magnesia-based casting material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH08175878A (en) |
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| US20120260696A1 (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2012-10-18 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Refractory object, glass overflow forming block, and process of forming and using the refractory object |
| US9073773B2 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2015-07-07 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Refractory object, glass overflow forming block, and process for glass object manufacture |
| US9216928B2 (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2015-12-22 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Refractory object including beta alumina and processes of making and using the same |
| US9249043B2 (en) | 2012-01-11 | 2016-02-02 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Refractory object and process of forming a glass sheet using the refractory object |
| US10407349B2 (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2019-09-10 | Corning Incorporated | Bonded zirconia refractories and methods for making the same |
| US11814317B2 (en) | 2015-02-24 | 2023-11-14 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Refractory article and method of making |
-
1994
- 1994-12-22 JP JP6319893A patent/JPH08175878A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9073773B2 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2015-07-07 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Refractory object, glass overflow forming block, and process for glass object manufacture |
| US9714185B2 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2017-07-25 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Refractory object, glass overflow forming block, and process for glass object manufacture |
| US20120260696A1 (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2012-10-18 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Refractory object, glass overflow forming block, and process of forming and using the refractory object |
| US9174874B2 (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2015-11-03 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Refractory object, glass overflow forming block, and process of forming and using the refractory object |
| US9796630B2 (en) | 2011-03-30 | 2017-10-24 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Refractory object, glass overflow forming block, and process of forming and using the refractory object |
| US9216928B2 (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2015-12-22 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Refractory object including beta alumina and processes of making and using the same |
| US9249043B2 (en) | 2012-01-11 | 2016-02-02 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Refractory object and process of forming a glass sheet using the refractory object |
| US9902653B2 (en) | 2012-01-11 | 2018-02-27 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Refractory object and process of forming a glass sheet using the refractory object |
| US10590041B2 (en) | 2012-01-11 | 2020-03-17 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Refractory object and process of forming a glass sheet using the refractory object |
| US11814317B2 (en) | 2015-02-24 | 2023-11-14 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Refractory article and method of making |
| US10407349B2 (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2019-09-10 | Corning Incorporated | Bonded zirconia refractories and methods for making the same |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A300 | Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date: 20020305 |