JPH08171042A - Load generating device for adjusting operating force - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To generate large load with a small-sized device by moving a plane vane in contact with a rotating plate through viscous fluid. CONSTITUTION: The rotatable plane vane member 27 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the rotating plate member 25 attached to an input shaft 12 through a lubricant film, and an adjusting plate rotating the member 27 through a cam mechanism (cam groove 16c) is provided above the member 27. When the input shaft 12 is rotated, viscous friction is generated between the members 25 and 21 which are rotated simultaneously, and it can be made the load. By rotating the member 27 by means of the adjusting plate, the contact area between the members 25 and 27 is changed and the magnitude of the generated load is adjusted.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to focus, zoom,
The present invention relates to a load generating device for adjusting an operating force used for a photographing lens such as an iris and an extender.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various load generators or dampers have been proposed in order to obtain a braking effect when operating a machine. The obtained braking effect also has various characteristics, and examples thereof include one that does not depend on speed, one that changes the load in proportion to speed or angular velocity, or a direct drive type or a rotary type.

It is said that when a human operates a machine, if a certain amount of load, especially a tenacious load is applied, adjustment at the time of operation is easy and the sensitivity is good. Of course, this does not correspond to all cases, but particularly for an operation unit such as a precision machine that requires fine adjustment, a viscous load can be operated at a constant speed.
This is considered to be because at present, if the viscous load increases in proportion to the velocity and the angular velocity, the feedback is added so that the variation in the operating velocity naturally converges.

Further, the ideal load amount varies depending on the person who operates it, and changes depending on conditions such as the size of the hand, the force of the finger, and the temperature. However, an ideal machine operation unit is required to have a load generation device that has no unevenness in the load due to the internal mechanism, the load increases with speed, and the load amount can be changed.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a conventional load generating device in which the load amount is proportional to the number of revolutions and the load is variable as described above. An input shaft 3 to which the plate member 2 is attached is inserted, and an adjusting rotation center shaft 5 to which a plurality of semicircular members 4 are attached is rotatably supported on the side of the input shaft 3. Then, as shown in the plan view of FIG. 12, the rotary plate member 2 and the semicircular member 4 are arranged so as to alternately overlap with each other.

In this conventional example, when the rotary plate member 2 rotates in the viscous fluid, a shearing force of the viscous fluid is applied to the rotary plate member 2 to generate a load. At this time, when the rotary plate member 2 and the semicircular member 4 are arranged in multiple layers, the shearing force generated is smaller when the rotary plate member 2 and the semicircular member 4 are closer to each other at the same rotation speed. It is known to grow.

Therefore, when adjusting the load, the adjusting rotation center shaft 5 is rotated to change the projected area shared by the rotary plate member 2 and the semicircular member 4 as shown by the shaded portion in FIG. The shearing force also changes and the load can be changed.

A method has also been proposed in which the shearing force of a viscous fluid is changed by directly changing the distance between a plurality of plate members using a screw mechanism or the like, and the load generated thereby is changed.

[0009]

However, in the above-described conventional example shown in the figure, since only the shearing force of the viscous fluid filled in the case 1 is changed, the absolute amount of the maximum load obtained is small. Further, in order to prevent leakage of the viscous fluid, it is necessary to attach a seal or the like around the adjustment rotation center shaft 5, and rigidity of the case 1 and the internal mechanism is also required. Furthermore,
In such a rotation-adjustable load generating device, the projected area shared by the rotary plate member 2 and the semicircular member 4 in the direction of the rotation axis is small, and in order to obtain the required load, the area in the projection direction of the device is Need to be wide.

Further, even when the distance between the plate members is directly changed by a screw mechanism or the like, a multilayer plate is often used in order to obtain an actually required load, and the distance between the plate members is changed. Has a complicated mechanism and causes an increase in size, and since the rotary plate member 2 is moved in a direction perpendicular to the surface thereof, rigidity of the plate is required, and plate thickness and plate weight increase.

For these reasons, there is a problem that the load generating device becomes large and it cannot be mounted on a product intended to be small and lightweight.

The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems,
An object of the present invention is to provide a small-sized operating force adjusting load generator that can generate a large load.

[0013]

In order to achieve the above object, an operating force adjusting load generating apparatus according to the present invention has a viscous fluid or a viscous fluid paste-like fluid applied to its surface and attached to a rotary shaft. The rotary plate member includes at least one rotary plate member and at least one plate blade member arranged so as to be in contact with the rotary plate member, and a part or all of the plate blade member is provided through the viscous fluid. Contact with light pressure against
It is characterized by comprising a moving means for moving the plate blade member on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis.

[0014]

In the load generator for adjusting the operating force having the above-mentioned structure, a part or the whole of the plate blade member is brought into contact with the rotary plate member through the viscous fluid with a light pressure to generate a load and move. By moving the plate blade member on the plane perpendicular to the rotation axis by the means, the magnitude of the generated load is changed.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view. An input shaft 12 is rotatably supported by a case 11, and the input shaft 12 is made of grease, oil such as silicone oil, etc. on its surface. The rotary plate member 13 to which a viscous lubricating film is attached is fixed or attached integrally. A plate blade member 15 is provided on the rotary plate member 13 so as to be rotatable around the blade rotation center shaft 14.
Are arranged so as to contact the upper surface of the rotary plate member 13 via the lubricating film.

Further, a plate blade moving shaft 15a is provided on the upper surface of the plate blade member 15. An adjusting plate 16 having a cam groove 16a is rotatably provided above the rotating plate member 13, and the moving shaft 15a of the plate blade member 15 is provided.
By engaging with the cam groove 16a of the adjusting plate 16, the rotation of the plate blade member 15 can be regulated. FIG.
Is a plan view in this state, and the hatched portion indicates the contact portion between the rotary plate member 13 and the blade member 15.

When the input shaft 12 rotates in this state, viscous friction is generated between the rotating plate member 13 and the plate blade member 15 which rotate at the same time, and this viscous friction is fed back to the operator as rotational braking torque. When changing the magnitude of the rotation braking torque, when the operator rotates the adjusting plate 16, the moving shaft 15a of the plate blade member 15 is pushed by the side surface of the cam groove 16a of the adjusting plate 16 to cause the plate blade to move. The member 15 rotates about the blade rotation center axis 14 and is brought into a state as shown in FIG.

In this state, since the contact area between the rotary plate member 13 and the plate blade member 15 is reduced as shown by the hatched portion in FIG. 4, the rotary braking torque is also reduced. 3 and 4 show the states of maximum load and minimum load, respectively, the operator can obtain an arbitrary load by rotating the adjusting plate 16 continuously or stepwise.

As described above, by bringing the rotary plate member 13 and the plate blade member 15 into contact with each other through the lubricating film, the frictional state of the lubrication surface becomes a fluid lubrication state, and the rotary plate member 13 and the plate blade member 15 are shared. When the projected areas are the same, the rotation braking torque generated between the rotary plate member 13 and the plate blade member 15 should be significantly larger than the rotation braking torque generated only by the shearing force of the viscous fluid. You can

The fluid lubrication state is a state that occurs when a pressure is generated in a wedge film having a certain viscosity and this pressure is sufficient to separate the surface of the solid. There is no friction on the surface and the resistance to motion is largely determined by the hydrodynamic properties of the intervening layers.

However, in reality, there are many cases where the lubrication surface penetrates, and the fluid lubrication state is not complete. Further, when the film thickness of the lubricating film becomes extremely thin, the lubricating film is broken, and the lubrication surface is in a boundary lubrication state in which the lubrication surface is slightly separated via the lubrication film having a molecular size. In this boundary lubrication state, the rotational braking torque is affected by the chemical composition of the lubricating film and the nature of the surface of the base, and the viscosity of the lubricating film has little or no effect. The coefficient of friction in the boundary lubrication state is smaller than the coefficient of friction of the cleaning surface, but much larger than the friction coefficient in the fluid lubrication state.

In theory, many of these properties have not yet been analyzed, but in reality, unless a large pressure is applied to the rotary plate member 13 and the plate blade member 15, the fluid lubrication state occupies most of them. , Partly in boundary lubrication state. Therefore, the rotational braking torque has a characteristic that is proportional or nearly proportional to the angular velocity. It should be noted that, although it varies depending on the conditions, the prototype experimental machine has obtained a result that is fairly close to proportional.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view for comparing the axial areas of this embodiment and the conventional example. The contact area between the rotary plate member 13 and the plate blade member 15 in FIG. 3 and FIG. 12 of the conventional example.
The case where the projected area is the same as the projected area is shown, and the outer shape of the load generator of the present embodiment is shown by a chain line. As shown in FIG. 5, it can be seen that the area required in this embodiment is much smaller than that in the conventional example.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of the second embodiment, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are plan views in a state of maximum load and minimum load, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same members. . The plate blade member 21 has a blade rotation center shaft 22 at a position 180 ° symmetrical to the plate blade member 15 above the rotary plate member 13.
It is provided so as to be rotatable around the
A plate blade moving shaft 21 a is formed on the upper part of the unit 1. Further, the adjusting plate 16 is formed with a cam groove 16b that engages with the moving shaft 21a of the plate blade member 21.

In the second embodiment, the contact area between the rotary plate member 13 and the plate blade members 15 and 21 is the same as that of the first embodiment.
Therefore, the rotation braking torque is simply 2 from the experimental result.
Although not doubled, it is possible to obtain a rotation braking torque that is almost doubled, and it is possible to increase the maximum rotational braking torque with respect to the area of the plane perpendicular to the input shaft 12. As a result, the efficiency is higher than in the first embodiment in which the number of blade members is one, and the size and weight can be further reduced.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the third embodiment. A plurality of rotary plate members 25 are provided in parallel with the input shaft 12, and the blade rotation center shaft 26 is provided on the upper surfaces of these rotary plate members 25.
A plurality of plate blade members 27 are provided that are rotatable around the. These plate blade members 27 are connected by a plate blade moving shaft 27a so as to move integrally on each plane perpendicular to the input shaft 12. Further, the plate blade moving shaft 27a is engaged with a cam groove 16c formed in the adjusting plate 16.

As described above, when the rotating plate member 25 and the plate blade member 27 are of a multi-layer type, when the generated load amounts are the same, the area of the plane perpendicular to the input shaft 12 should be further reduced. You can Here, when the layers of the rotary plate member 25 and the plate blade member 27 are not parallel,
The unevenness of rotation causes a poor feeling of operation, and therefore the parallelism of each layer needs to be accurately maintained.

When it is difficult to maintain the parallelism between the rotary plate member 25 and the plate blade member 27 for the purpose of downsizing, the rotary plate members 25 at the upper and lower ends are accurately parallel. And fix the intermediate rotary plate member 25 to the input shaft 1
By making it movable in the direction of 2, it is possible to absorb rotational unevenness due to a certain degree of parallelism shift.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view when applied to an actual photographing lens, and the photographing lens is a focusing gear 3
1, a zooming gear 32, and an iris gear 33, and a photographing lens body 34. Gear 31
Numerals 33 to 33 are made to interlock with the lens moving mechanism inside the photographing lens main body 34, and the zooming gear 32 is meshed with the gear 36 connected to the load generator 35 shown in the first to third embodiments. The focusing gear 31 and the iris gear 33 are also connected to a gear connected to a load generator (not shown).

When the cameraman rotates the plate blade moving axis,
The plate blade member of the load generating device 35 also rotates via the gear 36, so that a rotational braking torque can be generated.

The gears 31 to 33 and 36 may be drive belts, wire ropes, traction drive members and the like. Further, a mechanism for switching on / off of the rotary braking torque can be easily configured by interposing a clutch or the like between the gears 31 to 33 and 36. Furthermore, the load generation device 35 may be unitized and detachable.

[0032]

As described above, in the load generating device for adjusting the operating force according to the present invention, since the rotational braking torque per the same projected area in the axial direction becomes large, the area can be made small and the height can be made high. Can be lowered. Also, because it is not necessary to attach a seal or the like and the rigidity can be designed to be lower than other types of load generators, it is possible to reduce the size and weight while maintaining the same performance as other small load generators. You can

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a state of maximum load.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a state of minimum load.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram comparing an area in the axial direction with a conventional example.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a state of maximum load.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a state of maximum load.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a state in which it is applied to a taking lens.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a conventional example.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Case 12 Input Shaft 13 and 25 Rotating Plate Member 14, 22 and 26 Blade Rotation Center Shaft 15, 21 and 27 Plate Blade Member 15a, 21a and 27a Plate Blade Moving Axis 16 Adjustment Plate 34 Imaging Lens Main Body 35 Load Generator

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A viscous fluid or a paste-like fluid of viscous fluid applied to the surface and attached to a rotary shaft.
A rotary plate member, and at least one plate blade member arranged so as to be in contact with the rotary plate member, and a part or all of the plate blade member with respect to the rotary plate member via the viscous fluid. A load generator for adjusting an operating force, comprising: a moving unit that is brought into contact with a light pressure to move the plate blade member on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis.