JPH08133786A - Glass tableware - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To provide glass tableware that is excellent in scratch resistance and is unlikely to cause chipping in the mouth, sculpting, etc. [Composition] Glass tableware having a tin and / or titanium oxide film formed on a part or all of the inner and outer surfaces of glass. The film thickness is preferably 10Å to 300Å from the viewpoint of strength and iris prevention. Further, it is preferable that these oxide films are formed by utilizing the high temperature state in any of the baking process, the fire polishing process, the burn-off process, and the air cooling strengthening process.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention has a glass tumbler, a beer mug, a plate, a pot, which can improve scratch resistance and scratch resistance by coating the surface and prevent chipping. The present invention relates to glass tableware such as stem wear.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Glass tableware has a considerable strength immediately after being manufactured, but if the glass tableware or other objects come into contact with each other and cause scratches, scratches, or scratches, the strength of the glass tableware is significantly reduced. Is known to do. For example,
When a large amount of glassware for business use is washed at one time, the glassware collide with each other and are scratched due to rubbing, and a decrease in strength often causes chipping of the mouth. For this reason, there is a demand for glass tableware that is less likely to be scratched and that does not cause chipping of the mouth.

On the other hand, with the recent tendency of glass tableware, since tumblers that are blown and molded are required to have a high-grade feeling, those having a thin mouth portion are mainly used, and the shape of the mouth portion is sharp with a cut tone. What is needed. In addition, the number of press-molded bowls with sharp carvings on the body and bottom and those with a stacking structure are increasing. In addition, glass tableware is used by fitting it with metal holders and other accessories, and it is also used in microwave ovens with large thermal shock, and the usage is diversified, and the possibility of scratches and chips is increasing. . Therefore, it is the actual situation that the user pays attention to the handling so as not to cause scratches and chips.

Further, regarding the recent distribution of glass tableware, in the pre-process of packaging in the final cosmetic box for consumers, bulk packaging without partitioning or temporary packing in cartons is performed for the purpose of streamlining the distribution. Often done.
Therefore, there is a problem in that the glass tableware is damaged before the final cosmetic box is refurbished, and the mouth and the body are sharply engraved, thereby deteriorating the product value and causing defective products.

Glass tableware manufacturers have developed glass tableware strengthening technology in order to solve the above problems. Typical examples thereof are a chemical strengthening method by substituting an alkali metal ion in glass with an alkali metal ion having a larger ionic radius, and an air-cooling strengthening method for rapidly cooling a high-temperature glass surface. In all of these strengthening methods, a compressive stress layer is formed on the glass surface to relieve the tensile stress that causes glass breakage, and the effect was tentatively improved.

However, the chemical strengthening method requires a line different from the manufacturing line for the strengthening treatment, requires a long time for the treatment, and has a shallow compression stress layer to be formed, which is sufficient for scratch resistance. There were problems such as not being able to obtain various effects. Further, there is a problem in that the air-cooling strengthening method also requires another line, and in particular, thin glass tableware cannot be sufficiently strengthened. As described above, each method has a limit in obtaining stable strength improvement, and in the present day where thin glass tableware is required as described above, development of glass tableware having further scratch resistance is desired. It was rare.

[0007] In addition to this, the mouth portion of the glass tableware that is press-molded is subjected to calcination by heating with a burner after molding in order to erase the edge during molding and to improve the feel of the mouth during use. For glass tableware with a thick mouth, the burner is applied to prevent chipping of the mouth. However, as a practical problem, there are also problems such as the burned mouth shape not being stable due to variations in the burner combustion state, variations in the position of glass tableware, etc., and glass tableware with low mouth strength spattering. It was

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems in a lump and to provide glass tableware which is more scratch resistant than conventional products and is less likely to cause chipping in the mouth. In particular, even if the mouth shape varies in the baking process, the mouth wall thickness is thin, the shape and usage are diversified, it is difficult to scratch even when bulk packaging etc. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a glass tableware that is less likely to cause.

[0009]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The glass tableware of the present invention, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, has tin and / or titanium on a part or all of the inner and outer surfaces of the glass, depending on the use condition. It is characterized in that an oxide film is formed. The thickness of the oxide film of tin and / or titanium is preferably 10Å to 300Å. Further, an oxide film of tin and / or titanium is formed by utilizing the high temperature state in any one of the glass tableware forming step, the baking step, the fire polishing step, the burn-off step, and the air-cooling strengthening step. It is preferable that the

In order to manufacture such glass tableware, the glass tableware taken out from the molding machine is conveyed to the annealing furnace, and the portion to be coated with the glass tableware or the entire surface of the glass tableware is predetermined. Adjust the temperature to a high temperature,
By bringing vapor of inorganic tin, organic tin or titanium compound into contact with the glass surface in a high temperature state, a tin oxide coating and / or a titanium oxide coating is formed on the glass surface by a thermal decomposition reaction. In the manufacturing process of glass tableware, before the glass tableware after the molding process is transported to the annealing furnace,
Many processes such as baking process, fire polishing process, burn-off process, and the like, heat glass tableware to a high temperature state. Therefore, if the oxide film of tin and / or titanium is formed by utilizing these steps, the thermal efficiency is good and the obtained oxide film is uniform. In addition to this, when heating glass tableware in a separate process, for example, a baking process after cracking off or a heating process for strengthening air cooling may be used.

The glass surface when forming the oxide film of tin and / or titanium must be at 350 ° C. or higher. This is because it is difficult to form a film at a temperature lower than this temperature. The preferred glass surface temperature is 450-650 ° C. This is because when the temperature exceeds 650 ° C, the mouth of the glass tableware may be softened, and even if the temperature is further increased, the film formation is not affected and the heat loss increases.

A suitable film thickness of the tin and / or titanium oxide coating is 10Å to 300Å. If the film thickness is less than 10Å, the object of the present invention, such as improvement of scratch resistance and prevention of chipping, cannot be sufficiently achieved, and conversely, if it exceeds 300Å, an iris peculiar to the metal oxide film occurs depending on the firing temperature. This is because the transparency may be impaired and the quality of the glass tableware may be deteriorated in appearance. The most preferred range is 40Å
~ 250Å.

It is already known to form an oxide film of tin or titanium on a glass bottle. However, in this case, a film thickness of 400 Å to 1000 Å is required to maintain the effect of scratch resistance on the glass bottle that is repeatedly used, and the iris phenomenon obviously occurs. For this reason, it has been considered impractical to form a tin or titanium oxide film on glass tableware where appearance is important. However, the present inventors have found that when the glass surface is in a clean state where it is easily reacted by heat treatment, these oxide coatings formed on the glass surface do not cause the iris phenomenon.
It was found that even a film thickness of Å ~ 300 Å can be a strong coating. For this reason, these oxide coatings are formed on the glass surface either after the baking process where the glass surface is in a clean state where it is easily reacted by heat treatment, after the fire polishing process, after the burn-off process, or during the air-cooling strengthening process. Preferably. In the case of a glass bottle, since a tin or titanium oxide film is formed on the glass surface in contact with the mold, a strong film cannot be formed as in the present invention, and as described above, 400 Å ~ A film thickness of 1000Å is required.

[0014]

According to the present invention, the tin and / or titanium oxide coating formed on the surface weakens the impact when the glass dishes collide with each other in order to enhance the slipperiness of the glass surface, and the oxide coating is also formed. Since it itself is strong, scratches due to contact can be prevented. Therefore, the scratch resistance can be remarkably improved, and the glass tableware can be made less likely to cause rash. Moreover, such an oxide film is easy to form and exhibits a sufficient effect even for glass tableware having a thin mouth portion. Next, examples of the present invention will be described.

[0015]

【Example】

[Example 1] A tunnel type hood was provided on a conveyor immediately after the mouth-baking process of a beer mug molded by a known press molding machine, and tin tetrachloride was dripped from above by a liquid supply device and heated and evaporated. This tin vapor was brought into contact with the mouth of the beer mug in the hood to obtain a beer mug 1 having a tin oxide film 2 formed on the inner and outer surfaces of the mouth as shown in FIG. The surface temperature of the beer mug 1 at this time is 500-
It was 520 ° C. For comparison, a beer mug without oxide coating was also manufactured.

In order to measure the strength of these beer mugs against mouth cracks, a beer mug of the same kind was dropped from the top of the beer mug standing upright on a surface plate as shown in FIG. The drop height (breakage height) was measured. The test starts from a drop height of 10mm and then 10mm
The height of the drop was progressively increased at intervals. The same drop test was also performed on the beer mug, which was washed with a commercially available neutral detergent and a synthetic resin net scrubbing brush and then dried 300 times. The results are shown in the graph in Fig. 3, and the damage height is 68.3 mm from the conventional product, which is 98.3.
It has increased by about 1.6 times to mm. Even after washing 300 times, the damage height was 96.7 mm, which was a high level. In addition, three beer mugs 1 on which the oxide coating 2 was formed were arbitrarily selected, and the thickness of the oxide coating 2 at 3 points on the circumference 5 mm below the top surface of the mouth was measured by a film thickness measuring device. Table 1 shows the results.

[0017]

[Table 1]

[Example 2] A tumbler was rotated and blow-molded using a known 28 machine, and a tin oxide film was formed immediately after the burn-off step using the same apparatus as in Example 1. The surface temperature of the tumbler at that time is 480-510 ℃. For comparison, a tumbler having no oxide film was also manufactured. In order to compare the strength of the mouths of these tumblers, two tumblers are placed side by side on the vibration plate of the vibration tester as shown in FIG.
Vibration of 375 cycles per minute in mm was applied for 60 seconds, and the time taken for the two to collide with each other and damage one mouth was measured. The thickness of the oxide film of tin in this example is shown in Table 2, and the result of the strength test is shown in Table 3. However, in Table 3, those which were not damaged in 60 seconds are shown as 60 seconds.

[0019]

[Table 2]

[0020]

[Table 3]

As is clear from the results shown in Table 3, the tumbler formed with the tin oxide film had almost no cracks even when it was vibrated for 60 seconds, while the tumbler not formed with the oxide film did not. It was damaged in only 4 to 6 seconds, and it was confirmed that the present invention significantly improved the crack resistance.

[Example 3] An oxide film of titanium having an average film thickness of 200Å was formed immediately after the baking process on the entire surface of a glass cup intended for stacking. As shown in FIG. 5, a stacking test was conducted up to 50 cycles, with one set consisting of two sets, stacking the cups on a wooden board by hand, stacking them by hand and stacking them in the same manner. I did this test 10 pairs each,
The titanium oxide film formed had no damage within 50 cycles, while the conventional product without the titanium oxide film had 6 to 22 cycles of damage from the stacking part and mouth. , The average number of cycles to break is 1
It was 1.5 cycles.

[Embodiment 4] A glass bowl having a diamond-cut sharp engraving pattern was press-molded at the center of the body, and the entire surface thereof was formed by utilizing the high temperature state of the fire polishing step after baking. As a result, a tin oxide film having an average film thickness of 180 Å was formed. The glass surface temperature at this time is 450-
It is 550 ℃. A surface-active agent was cold-coated on the surface at the exit of the annealing furnace. As shown in FIG. 6, the glass bowl 3 is sandwiched by the boards 4 and the mouth portions are aligned with each other. The bulk package was fastened. After loading this on a truck and driving for 100 km on a general road, unpacking it, carving chip, mouth chip,
I checked for scratches.

As a result, none of the 252 examples had engraved chips, mouth chips, and scratches, while the conventional product had 3 engraved chips in 252 lines, which occurred during palletizing. There were two mouth chips, which were considered to have been caused, and slight scratches were found on almost the entire circumference of all pots.

[0025]

As described above, the glass tableware of the present invention has an increased scratch resistance due to the formation of an oxide film of tin and / or titanium, and is unlikely to cause chipping in the mouth or sculpting. Is. Further, the glass tableware of the present invention does not lose its effect even after repeated washing, and unlike the one reinforced by air cooling, it has many advantages such as being able to exert the effect even when the mouth is thin. There is. Therefore, the present invention greatly contributes to the industry by solving the conventional problems.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a drop test method in the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of a drop test in the first example.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a vibration test method in a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing a stacking test method in a third embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a bulk package according to a fourth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Beer mug 2 Tin oxide film 3 Glass pot 4 Board 5 Pallet 6 Exterior film 7 Top frame 8 Band

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Glass tableware, characterized in that a tin and / or titanium oxide film is formed on a part or all of the inner and outer surfaces of the glass. 2. The glass tableware according to claim 1, wherein the oxide film of tin and / or titanium has a film thickness of 10Å to 300Å. 3. The tin and / or titanium oxide coating utilizes a high temperature state in any one of a glass tableware forming step, a baking step, a fire polishing step, a burn-off step, and an air cooling strengthening step. The glass tableware according to claim 1 or 2, which is formed by.