JPH08127244A - Shutter opening/closing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To easily open/close a shutter in any position without any large force in opening/closing the shutter, and to easily open/close the shutter even with a small motor. CONSTITUTION: A shutter opening/closing device is provided with a running block 5 which is fitted in a movable manner in the expanding/contracting direction of a spring 3 according to its elongation/contraction, a wire 8 which is folded back and stretched over this running block 5, and one end of which is fixed to the holding end side of the coil spring 3 and the other end of which is connected to a shutter 7, and a driving part 9 to open/close the shutter 7, and a transmission mechanism 10 to transmit the driving force of the driving part 9 to the shutter 7.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an entrance / exit of a transportation machine such as an electric train, a ship, a freight car, an airplane, and an entrance / exit of luggage, a window, an entrance / exit, a gate, or an interior of a building, a factory, a house, or the like. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shutter opening / closing device used for partitioning and the like, and is suitable for opening / closing a shutter attached to an opening of a luggage compartment at the rear of a freight vehicle so as to be vertically movable.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 8, there is a freight vehicle in which a luggage compartment B at the rear of a driver's seat A can be opened and closed by a shutter C. This freight car is equipped with shutters C that can be slid up and down on the left and right sides and the rear opening D of a luggage compartment B formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape. C
When the button is pushed up, the shutter C is pushed into the back of the luggage compartment B and accommodated, and the luggage compartment B opens, and when the string F hung under the shutter C is pulled downward, it is accommodated in the ceiling. The shutter C goes down and the luggage compartment B is closed.

As shown in FIG. 9 (a), the shutter C attached to the luggage compartment B is composed of a large number of strip-shaped metal panels I rotatably connected in the vertical direction. The shutter C, which is mounted so as to be vertically slidable between the two guide rails G and H that are erected at both ends in the width direction of the opening D of the chamber B, and is pushed upward, is provided on the back surface of the ceiling. It is supposed to be housed along. A wire winding type opening / closing device J for facilitating opening / closing of the shutter C is attached to an upper portion of the shutter C, and a wire K extending from the opening / closing device J is connected to a lower edge of the shutter C. When lowering the shutter C, the wire K, which has a tensile force applied to the opening / closing device J side (upper side), is pulled out by the weight of the shutter C while the shutter C is closed, and conversely when the closed shutter C is pulled up. The shutter C is pulled up by the wire K having a tensile force applied to the opening / closing device J side, and the shutter C can be easily raised even with a weak force.

The structure of the wire winding type opening / closing device J will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 9 (b), a long rotation is rotatably attached to the upper portion of the shutter C by a bearing L. The shaft M, the rotating drum N around which the wire K is wound and provided at both ends of the rotating shaft M, and the rotating shaft M are arranged in the middle, and one end is fixed to the rotating shaft M by a winding plug O.
The other end is composed of a spring R fixed to the frame member P by an anchor plug Q.

When the shutter C is lowered and the wire K wound around the rotating drum N is pulled out, the drum N is pulled out.
When the rotating shaft M rotates, the spring R rotates so as to be tightened in the winding direction and the spring force is accumulated in the spring R. When the shutter C is subsequently raised, the spring R accumulates in the spring R when the shutter C is pulled down. Due to the applied spring force, the rotary shaft M and the rotary drum N are rotated in the opposite direction to the above, and the wire K is wound around the drum N.

However, the wire winding type opening / closing device J of FIG. 9 has the following problems. ． Since the spring R is tightened and unwound, the spring R is liable to be worn out for a long period of time, which makes it difficult for the rotary drum N to reliably rotate. As a result, the wire K
It may come loose or get tangled, resulting in malfunction. ． In order to prevent the wire K of the rotating drum N from being dislodged even when the wire K is fully wound around the rotating drum N by pushing the shutter C up to the top, the spring R is wound to some extent even in that state. The tightening force must remain. However, in this case, since the pulling force of the wire K is applied even when the shutter C is pulled down, the shutter C cannot be pulled down unless the shutter C is pulled with some force, and it becomes difficult to lower the shutter C. ． Since the length of the wire K is long, the wire K is easily stretched, and the risk of breakage is increased. In particular, if the wire K is cut unexpectedly, a finger may be caught in the wire K, resulting in injury.

In response to such a problem, the applicant of the present invention has shown in FIG.
We have developed a shutter opening and closing device as shown in Fig. 0. The coil spring 3 has one end 1 held therein and the other end 2 is free, and is attached to the free end 4 side of the coil spring 3 so that the coil spring 3 can move in the expanding and contracting direction according to expansion and contraction of the coil spring 3. A moving pulley 5 and a wire 8 which is folded back on the moving pulley 5 and fixed at one end to the holding end 6 side of the coil spring 3 and the other end of which is connected to a shutter 7 that can be opened and closed in the expansion and contraction direction of the coil spring 3. It will be.

In this opening / closing device, the relationship between the spring force (torsional stress) τ _{0 of the} coil spring 3 and the compression force (shutter weight + friction etc.) W of the shutter 7 satisfies the following equation. W = (πd ³ ) τ ₀ / 16D where d is the wire diameter of the coil spring 3, D is the coil diameter of the coil spring 3, τ ₀ (= τ / κ) is the torsional stress, κ is the stress modification factor, and τ is the torsional modification stress. Is.

As a result, the spring force (torsion stress) τ ₀ of the coil spring 3 and the compression force (shutter weight + friction, etc.) W by the shutter 7 and the tension of the wire 8 and the weight of the shutter 7 indicate where the shutter 7 is. Even when the shutter 7 is in position, the weight of the shutter 7 apparently becomes 0, so that the shutter 7 can be raised and lowered with a weak force (almost zero).

[0010]

The shutter opening / closing device of FIG. 10 solves the problems of the wire winding type opening / closing device J of FIG. 9 and improves the operability of the shutter. There were also problems. ． In the case of a shutter 7 with a high frontage, it is not possible to open and close the shutter 7 directly by hand. For example, you must open and close the shutter 7 with a stick, or hang a string under the shutter 7 to open and close it. did not become. ． In particular, in the case of a shutter installed in the cargo compartment B of a freight car, the above-mentioned problem becomes remarkable because the position of the shutter is high from the beginning. In the case of a lorry, it is not possible to open and close the shutter with a stick, so a string F may be attached under the shutter as shown in FIG. 8, but the roof of the luggage compartment B still remains. When it was high, the opening and closing operation was not easy.

The object of the present invention is to easily open and close the shutter regardless of the position.
Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a shutter opening / closing device which does not require a large force for opening / closing and therefore can be easily opened / closed even by a small motor.

[0012]

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, a shutter opening / closing device according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a coil spring 3 having one end 1 held therein and the other end 2 being free, and the coil spring 3 shown in FIGS. On the free end 4 side of the coil spring 3
The movable pulley 5 mounted so as to be movable in the direction of expansion and contraction according to the expansion and contraction of the coil spring, and the movable pulley 5 is folded back and hung to fix one end to the holding end 6 side of the coil spring 3 and the other end. A shutter opening / closing device provided with a wire 8 connected to a shutter 7 that can be opened and closed in the direction of expansion and contraction, is provided with a drive unit 9 that opens and closes the shutter 7, and a transmission mechanism 10 that transmits the drive force of the drive unit 9 to the shutter 7. It is characterized by having.

As shown in FIG. 1, a shutter opening / closing device according to a second aspect of the present invention is such that a transmission mechanism 10 according to the first aspect is driven by a driving unit 9 to be reciprocally rotatable in the opening / closing direction of the shutter 7. And a connecting tool 12 for connecting the chain 11 and the shutter 7 to each other.

In the shutter opening / closing device according to claim 3 of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7, the transmission mechanism 10 according to claim 1 is moved in the opening / closing direction of the shutter 7 by the rotation of the screw shaft 13 driven by the drive part 9. Reciprocating movable body 14
And a connector 15 for connecting the movable body 14 and the shutter 7.
It is characterized by comprising and.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the shutter opening / closing device is characterized in that the driving unit 9 in each of the first, second and third aspects is a motor 16 or a manual rotating tool 17. is there.

[0016]

In the shutter opening / closing device according to the first aspect of the present invention, the driving force of the driving portion 9 is transmitted to the shutter 7 via the transmission mechanism 10 to open and close the shutter, so that the shutter 7 is independent of the position of the shutter 7. Can be opened and closed. Moreover, in this shutter opening / closing device, when the shutter 7 is lowered, the wire 8 is pulled by the shutter 7 and is pulled down, whereby the coil spring 3 is pulled through the moving pulley 5.
Is compressed and the shutter 7 is supported by the spring force of the coil spring 3 via the wire 8 and the moving pulley 5, so that the shutter 7 can be reliably lowered even with a small driving force. Further, when the shutter 7 is raised, the reaction force of the coil spring 3 compressed is transmitted to the wire 8 via the moving pulley 5, and the wire 8 gives a pulling force to the shutter 7. Therefore, even if the driving force is small, the shutter is surely released. 7 is raised.

In the shutter opening / closing device according to the second aspect of the present invention, the chain 11 is reciprocally rotated in the opening / closing direction of the shutter 7 by the driving force of the driving portion 9, whereby the chain 11 is opened.
The shutter 7 connected by the connecting tool 12 is opened and closed.

In the shutter opening / closing device according to the third aspect of the present invention, the movable body 14 is reciprocated in the opening / closing direction of the shutter 7 by the driving force of the driving portion 9 via the screw shaft 13.
Thereby, the shutter 7 connected to the movable body 14 by the connecting tool 15 is opened and closed.

In the shutter opening / closing device according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, if the drive unit 9 is the motor 16, the shutter 7 is automatically opened / closed by the motor 16, and the drive unit 9 is manually rotated.
If it is 7, the shutter 7 is manually opened and closed by the rotating tool 17.

[0020]

Embodiment 1 FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a freight vehicle incorporating the shutter opening / closing device of the present invention. This lorry 20 has a length 33 on the rear frame of the driver's seat.
A rectangular parallelepiped luggage compartment 21 having a width of 50 mm, a width of 1780 mm and a height of 1700 mm is placed in the luggage compartment 21.
A 50 mm shutter 7 is attached.

As shown in FIGS. 2 (b) and 2 (c), the shutter 7 is formed by connecting a plurality of wide strip-shaped aluminum panels 7a vertically, and as shown in FIG.
The connecting portion 7b between the a and the panel 7a is rotatable, and the rollers 2 on both ends of the panel 7a are attached to a guide rail (not shown).
3 (FIG. 2) is guided and slid and stored from the wall surface of the luggage compartment 21 to the ceiling surface. Further, the accommodation positions of the shutters 7 on the left and right side surfaces and the rear surface of the luggage compartment 21 are vertically shifted as shown in FIG. 6, and even if all the shutters 7 are pushed up to the ceiling side, they do not collide with each other in the ceiling. It is housed in.

As shown in FIG. 2, the shutter opening / closing device 29 of the present invention is attached to the three shutters 7 of the luggage compartment 21, and the shutter opening / closing device 29 can be used to open / close the shutter 7. As shown in FIG. 1, each shutter opening / closing device 29 has a coil spring 3 having one end 1 held and the other end 2 free, and a coil spring 3 on the side of the free end 4 of the coil spring 3 depending on expansion / contraction of the coil spring 3. A movable pulley 5 mounted so as to be movable in the expansion / contraction direction, and the movable pulley 5 is folded back and hung to fix one end to the holding end 6 side of the coil spring 3, and the other end can be opened / closed in the expansion / contraction direction of the coil spring 3. A wire 8 connected to the shutter 7 is provided, and a drive unit 9 for opening and closing the shutter 7 and a transmission mechanism 10 for transmitting the driving force of the drive unit 9 to the shutter 7 are further provided.

As shown in FIG. 3, the coil spring 3 is provided with two metal plates 30 and 31 which are vertically spaced apart from each other and are opposed to each other. One is attached to the outer circumference of 33. The upper end 1 (holding end 6) of each coil spring 3 is inserted into the saucer 34 of the upper metal plate 30 so as not to be removed therefrom, and the slide plate 36 is attached to the lower end 2 (free end 4). The slide plate 36 expands and contracts the coil spring 3 and is slidable in the vertical direction.

The coil spring 3 is selected as appropriate according to the weight and slide amount of the shutter 7 to be raised and lowered, and specifically, in relation to the compressive force of the shutter 7 (weight of the shutter 7 + friction, etc.) W. Make sure that the following relational expressions are satisfied. W = (πd ³ ) τ ₀ / 16D where d is the wire diameter of the coil spring 3, D is the coil diameter of the coil spring 3, τ ₀ (= τ / κ) is the torsional stress, κ is the stress correction coefficient, and τ Is the twist correction stress.

In this embodiment, as a result of actually sliding and measuring the shutter 7, the compression force P by the shutter 7 is 45 kg and the opening height of the shutter 7 is 1650 mm. The length δ was set to 900 mm, which was slightly larger than half the length, and the wire diameter d of the coil spring 3 was 4 mm and the coil diameter D was 32 mm.

When the torsional stress τ ₀ is calculated based on the above conditions, the stress τ ₀ is 68.04 and the stress correction coefficient κ is κ = (4C-1) / (4c-4) +0 from τ ₀ = 8PD / πd ^3. .6
From 15 / C, the stress correction coefficient κ becomes 1.153. Further, from the relational expression of the stroke length δ, δ = 8ND ³ P / Gd ⁴ , the winding number N of the coil spring 3 is N = δGd ⁴ / 8D ³ P
= 156.25. Actually, N is set to 158, and the length of the coil spring 3 is set to 158 × 4 (wire diameter d) +90.
It was set to 0 mm = 1532 mm. G is Young's modulus, and in this case, G = 8 × 10 ³ .

As shown in FIG. 3, the movable pulley 5 is attached to the free end 4 of the coil spring 3 and is penetrated by two metal pipes 32 and 33 so as to be slidable up and down along the pipes 32 and 33. Slide plate 36
It is attached to a support fitting 37 on the upper surface of the coil so as to be rotatable by a shaft 38 so that the coil spring 3 can be vertically moved while expanding and contracting.

On the lower surface of the upper metal plate 30 and the lower surface of the lower metal plate 31, two slender plate-shaped upper jigs 40 and two lower jigs 41 are appropriately arranged so as to be orthogonal to the respective longitudinal directions. Two separate covers 42 and 43 having a U-shaped cross section are arranged and fixed between the upper jig 40 and the lower jig 41 so as to face each other. . Then, the outer peripheral portion of the moving pulley 5 is covered (covered) with both covers 42 and 43, and the steel wire 8 hung on the moving pulley 5 is disengaged from the moving pulley 5 when the moving pulley 5 moves, or erroneously moves with the wire 8. The fingers are caught between the pulley 5 to prevent injury.

The wire 8 is folded back and hung on the movable pulley 5, and one end of the wire 8 is drawn out from a through hole 44 in the longitudinal direction of the cover 43 as shown in FIG. It is fixed to the hook 46 by a wire stopper 47 and indirectly fixed to the holding end 6 side of the coil spring 3. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the other end of the wire 8 is further folded back by a constant pulley 48 provided on the upper portion of the luggage compartment 21 and introduced to the lower end side of the shutter 7, and is extended as it is from the upper portion of the shutter 7 to a position right below. It is connected to the bottom of 7.

The length of this wire 8 can be adjusted by turning the nut 49 shown in FIGS. 3 (b) and 3 (c) to adjust the position of the hook 46 (projection length below the metal fitting 45).
The tension applied to the wire 8 can be adjusted. In this case, it is advisable to prevent the wire 8 from sagging with the shutter 7 being raised to the top, and to adjust the wire length so that the moving pulley 5 does not compress the coil spring 3 or does not compress it so much. The weight of the shutter 7 and the tension of the wire 8 are balanced and balanced regardless of the position of the shutter 7.

As shown in FIG. 1, the drive unit 9 is formed by attaching a motor 16 and a manual rotating tool 17 to a gear box 50. The gear box 50 can be driven by the motor 16 or the manual rotating tool. It is also possible to drive 17 by turning it by hand. In this case, the manual rotating tool 17 may be detachably attached to the gear box 50,
For example, normally, the manual rotating tool 17 is removed and the motor 16
The manual rotator 17 is attached to the gear box 50 so as to drive the box 50 only when the gear box 50 cannot be driven by the gear box 50.

The transmission mechanism 10 has sprocket gears 51 and 52 arranged vertically with a space therebetween, a chain 11 which is hung on both sprocket gears 51 and 52 and rotatable in the opening and closing direction of the shutter 7, and a shutter for the chain 11. And a connector 12 for connecting 7
These are similarly provided on the left and right sides of the shutter 7. In this case, the upper sprocket gears 51 on both sides of the shutter are connected by the shaft 53 so that the chains 11 on both sides of the shutter 7 are synchronously driven by the one drive unit 9, and the drive unit 9 connects the lower sprocket gears on the right side of the shutter. Connect to 52.

In the drive unit 9 and the transmission mechanism 10, the open / close switch (not shown) can be operated to rotate the motor 16 forward, backward, and stop.
For example, when the motor 16 rotates in the forward direction, the chain 1
1 is rotated in the opening direction of the shutter 7 and the shutter 7
When the motor 16 is stopped, the chain 11 is stopped and the shutter 7 is stopped. When the motor 16 is rotated in the reverse direction, the chain 11 is rotated in the closing direction of the shutter 7 and the shutter 7 is closed. The open / close switch may be provided at a position where it can be operated from the driver's seat, or may be provided near the shutter 7.

The lower sprocket gear 52 on the left side of the shutter is provided with a braking mechanism 55 that can lock or lock the rotation of the gear 52 so that the opening and closing of the shutter 7 can be locked. I am doing it. This switching can be performed by moving a lever 56 provided on the front surface of the braking mechanism 55.
Further, a key such as a padlock may be attached to the lever 56 so that the lever 56 can be locked in the shutter lock state by the key when parking.

In this shutter opening / closing device 29, since the operation force required to open / close the shutter 7 is 0 or close to it, the shutter 7 can be opened / closed by the small motor 16. Incidentally, a 250 W motor 16 was conventionally required to open and close the shutter 7 of 140 kg, but in the present invention, it is 30 to open and close the shutter 7.
The W motor 16 will make it.

[0036]

Second Embodiment The transmission mechanism 10 in the shutter opening / closing device of the present invention may have a structure as shown in FIG. This transmission mechanism 10 includes an upper bearing 6 which is vertically spaced.
0, the screw shaft 13 mounted between the lower bearing 61 so as to be rotatable in the direction of arrow cd in the figure, and the movable body 14 that is screwed onto the screw shaft 13 and moves up and down by the rotation of the screw shaft 13. And a connector 15 for connecting the shutter 7 to the movable body 14, and these are provided on both left and right sides of the shutter 7 in the same manner.
In this case, the screw shaft 13 is arranged so that the movable bodies 14 on both sides of the shutter 7 are synchronously driven by the single drive unit 9.
The lower bearing 61 for rotating the
The drive unit 9 is connected to the lower bearing 61 on the right side of the shutter.

In the lower bearing 61 on the left side of the shutter,
The screw shaft 13 has a built-in braking mechanism that can freely rotate or lock the screw shaft 13 so that the opening and closing of the shutter 7 can be locked. This switching is performed by the lever 6 provided on the front surface of the lower bearing 61.
This can be done by moving 5

The movable body 14 screwed onto the screw shaft 13 is called a ball nut (ball screw) that accommodates a large number of balls inside, and the rotational resistance between the screw shaft 13 and the movable body 14 is reduced. Can be made smaller.

This shutter opening / closing device 29 can also be attached to the shutter 7 of the luggage compartment 21 of the freight car 20 for use as in the first embodiment.

[0040]

The shutter opening / closing device of the present invention has the following effects. ． Since the driving force of the driving unit is transmitted to the shutter via the transmission mechanism, the shutter can be opened and closed regardless of its position. ． Therefore, if it is used as a shutter that can be attached to the luggage compartment of a lorry, it is convenient because the shutter can be easily opened and closed without getting on the luggage compartment. ． Since the opening and closing force of the shutter is reduced by the spring force of the coil spring, the driving force of the drive unit 9 can be small. ． Therefore, when a motor is used for the drive unit, a small and power-saving motor can be used for the motor. It can be installed with confidence in freight vehicles, where installation space, power consumption, and weight are greatly limited. ． Even if a manual rotating tool is used for the drive unit, it is easy because the operating force of the manual rotating tool is light.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a shutter opening / closing device of the present invention.

2 (a) is a top view showing an embodiment of a freight vehicle equipped with the shutter opening / closing device of FIG. 1, (b) is a side view thereof, and (c) is a rear view thereof.

3A is a sectional view of a part of the shutter opening / closing device of FIG. 1, FIG. 3B is a front view of the same device, and FIG.
Is a side view of the same device.

4A and 4B are operation explanatory views of the shutter opening / closing device of FIG.

5 is a cross-sectional view of a shutter in the truck of FIG.

6 is an explanatory view of an example of housing a shutter in the truck of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the shutter opening / closing device of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a side view of a conventional truck with a shutter.

9 (a) is an exploded perspective view of a wire winding type shutter opening / closing device attached to the truck of FIG. 6;
(B) is explanatory drawing explaining the wire winding mechanism of the shutter opening / closing apparatus of (a).

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example of a shutter opening / closing device previously developed by the applicant.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 One end of coil spring 2 Other end of coil spring 3 Coil spring 4 Free end of coil spring 5 Moving pulley 6 Holding end of coil spring 7 Shutter 8 Wire 9 Drive part 10 Transmission mechanism 11 Chain 12 Coupling tool 13 Screw shaft 14 Movable body 15 Connecting tool 16 Motor 17 Manual rotating tool

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A coil spring (3) having one end (1) held and the other end (2) free, and the coil spring (3).
A movable pulley (5) attached to the free end (4) side of the coil spring (3) so as to be movable in the direction of expansion and contraction according to expansion and contraction of the coil spring (3). A shutter opening / closing device comprising a wire (8) fixed to the holding end (6) side of the coil spring (3), and the other end of which is connected to a shutter (7) capable of opening and closing in the expansion and contraction direction of the coil spring (3). A shutter opening / closing device, further comprising a drive unit (9) for opening and closing the shutter (7) and a transmission mechanism (10) for transmitting the driving force of the drive unit (9) to the shutter (7). 2. A transmission mechanism (10) according to claim 1, which is driven by a drive unit (9) and is capable of reciprocating rotation in the opening and closing direction of the shutter (7), and a chain (11).
A shutter opening and closing device comprising a connector (12) for connecting the shutter and the shutter (7). 3. A movable body (14) in which the transmission mechanism (10) according to claim 1 can reciprocate in the opening and closing direction of the shutter (7) by the rotation of a screw shaft (13) driven by a drive section (9). And a shutter (7) for connecting the movable body (14) and the shutter (7). 4. The drive unit (9) according to each of claims 1, 2, and 3 is a motor (16) or a manual rotating tool (1).
7) A shutter opening / closing device characterized by being 7).