JPH08126222A - Charger - Google Patents
ChargerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08126222A JPH08126222A JP26571994A JP26571994A JPH08126222A JP H08126222 A JPH08126222 A JP H08126222A JP 26571994 A JP26571994 A JP 26571994A JP 26571994 A JP26571994 A JP 26571994A JP H08126222 A JPH08126222 A JP H08126222A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- charging
- battery
- voltage
- constant
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 abstract description 33
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、車載用バッテリの充
電に用いて好適な充電器に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a charger suitable for charging a vehicle battery.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、車載用バッテリの充電器として、
ＣＣ−ＣＶ方式と称されるものが知られている。この充
電器は、バッテリの端子電圧が所定値になるまで定電流
（ＣＣ）充電を行い、その後、所定時間だけ定電圧（Ｃ
Ｖ）充電を行うものである。なお、定電圧充電を行った
後、低い電流値でさらに定電流充電を行うものもある。
このＣＣ−ＣＶ方式の充電器の充電特性の一例を図２に
示す。図において、充電が開始されると、最初に「１．
５[Ａ]」で定電流充電が行われる。そして、バッテリの
端子電圧が所定の閾値ＶTH （≒３０[Ｖ]）になると、
以後、所定時間（Ｔ2＝５時間）だけ電圧ＶTH で定電圧
充電が行われる。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a vehicle battery charger,
A so-called CC-CV system is known. This charger charges the battery with a constant current (CC) until the terminal voltage of the battery reaches a predetermined value, and then charges the battery with a constant voltage (C) for a predetermined time.
V) Charging is performed. In addition, after performing constant voltage charging, there is also one that further performs constant current charging at a low current value.
An example of the charging characteristics of this CC-CV type charger is shown in FIG. In the figure, when charging is started, first, "1.
Constant current charging is performed at "5 [A]". Then, when the terminal voltage of the battery reaches a predetermined threshold V TH (≈30 [V]),
After that, constant voltage charging is performed with the voltage VTH for a predetermined time (T 2 = 5 hours).
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、温度が低い
場合や、バッテリが弱っている場合、バッテリのみかけ
上の容量は低下する。かかる場合、定電流充電期間Ｔ1
すなわちバッテリの端子電圧が閾値ＶTH に到達するま
での時間は、正常なバッテリのものと比較して短くな
る。しかし、従来の充電器においては、かかる場合にお
いても既定の時間だけ定電圧充電を行っていたため、バ
ッテリが過充電状態になり、その性能を著しく損なわし
めるという問題があった。この発明は上述した事情に鑑
みてなされたものであり、バッテリに適切な充電を施す
ことができる充電器を提供することを目的としている。By the way, when the temperature is low or the battery is weak, the apparent capacity of the battery decreases. In such a case, the constant current charging period T 1
That is, the time required for the terminal voltage of the battery to reach the threshold value VTH is shorter than that of a normal battery. However, in the conventional charger, even in such a case, constant voltage charging is performed for a predetermined time, so that there is a problem that the battery is overcharged and its performance is significantly impaired. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a charger that can appropriately charge a battery.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
請求項１記載の構成にあっては、バッテリに定電流充電
を行い、このバッテリの端子電圧が所定値になると定電
圧充電を行う充電器において、前記定電流充電の時間が
短いほど前記定電圧充電の時間を短くする制御回路を具
備することを特徴としている。また、請求項２記載の構
成にあっては、請求項１記載の充電器において、周囲温
度または前記バッテリの表面温度を測定する温度測定手
段を具備し、前記制御回路は、この温度測定手段によっ
て測定された温度が高いほど前記所定値を低くすること
を特徴とする。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the structure of claim 1, the battery is charged with a constant current, and when the terminal voltage of the battery reaches a predetermined value, charging is performed with a constant voltage. And a control circuit that shortens the constant voltage charging time as the constant current charging time shortens. According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the battery charger of the first aspect, there is provided temperature measuring means for measuring an ambient temperature or a surface temperature of the battery, and the control circuit uses the temperature measuring means. The higher the measured temperature is, the lower the predetermined value is.
【０００５】[0005]
【作用】請求項１記載の構成にあっては、定電流充電の
時間が短いほど定電圧充電の時間が短くなるから、バッ
テリが弱っている場合に過充電が行われることを未然に
防止できる。また、請求項２記載の構成にあっては、温
度測定手段によって測定された温度が高いほど所定値が
低くなるから、温度が高くバッテリの端子電圧が上がり
にくくなっている場合に過充電を防止できる。In the structure according to the first aspect, the shorter the constant current charging time is, the shorter the constant voltage charging time is. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the overcharging from occurring when the battery is weak. . Further, in the configuration according to the second aspect, the higher the temperature measured by the temperature measuring means is, the lower the predetermined value is. Therefore, overcharging is prevented when the temperature is high and the terminal voltage of the battery is hard to rise. it can.
【０００６】[0006]
【実施例】次に、本発明の一実施例の構成を図１を参照
し説明する。図において１は充電器であり、その内部に
設けられた充電制御部１１は、商用電源を直流電圧（充
電電圧）に変換し、逆流防止用のダイオード１３を介し
て、この充電電圧をバッテリ２の正極、負極間に印加す
る。また、充電制御部１１は、ＣＰＵ、ＲＡＭ、ＲＯ
Ｍ、タイマ等を内蔵し、後述するシーケンスに基づい
て、充電電圧を制御する。１２は充電電流検出部であ
り、ダイオード１３を介してバッテリ２に供給される電
流を検出する。１４はバッテリ電圧検出部であり、バッ
テリ２に印加される直流電圧を検出する。１５は気温検
出部であり、充電器１の周囲温度を検出する。これら検
出部１２，１４〜１５は、各々の検出結果を充電制御部
１１に供給する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, the structure of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a charger, and a charging control unit 11 provided therein converts a commercial power supply into a DC voltage (charging voltage), and supplies this charging voltage to a battery 2 via a diode 13 for preventing backflow. Is applied between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. In addition, the charge control unit 11 includes a CPU, a RAM, and a RO.
It has a built-in M, a timer, etc., and controls the charging voltage based on a sequence described later. Reference numeral 12 denotes a charging current detection unit, which detects a current supplied to the battery 2 via the diode 13. Reference numeral 14 is a battery voltage detection unit that detects a DC voltage applied to the battery 2. An air temperature detector 15 detects the ambient temperature of the charger 1. These detection units 12 and 14 to 15 supply the respective detection results to the charge control unit 11.
【０００７】上記構成において充電が開始されると、充
電制御部１１は内部のタイマがリセットされるととも
に、ダイオード１３を介して充電電圧がバッテリ２に印
加される。また、充電制御部１１にあっては、下式に基
づいて閾値ＶTH が演算される。 ＶTH ＝３１．４−０．０６Ｔ [Ｖ] ・・・・式(１) 但し、式(１)において、Ｔは周囲温度（摂氏）である。
バッテリは、蓄積された電力量に応じて端子電圧が上昇
するが、一般的には周囲温度が高いほど端子電圧の上昇
が抑制される。式(１)は、かかる事情に鑑みて閾値ＶTH
に対して温度補正を施し、過充電を防止したものであ
る。When charging is started in the above structure, the internal timer of the charging control unit 11 is reset and the charging voltage is applied to the battery 2 via the diode 13. Further, in the charge control unit 11, the threshold value VTH is calculated based on the following equation. VTH = 31.4-0.06T [V] ... Formula (1) However, in Formula (1), T is ambient temperature (Celsius).
The terminal voltage of the battery rises according to the amount of stored electric power, but generally, the higher the ambient temperature, the more the terminal voltage rise is suppressed. In consideration of such a situation, the equation (1) is the threshold value VTH.
Temperature is corrected to prevent overcharging.
【０００８】以後、充電制御部１１は、充電電流検出部
１２の検出信号に基づいて、充電電流が所定値（例えば
１．５[Ａ]）になるように、充電電圧を制御する。すな
わち、定電流充電が行われる。これにより、バッテリ２
の端子電圧は、時間の経過とともに高くなる。また、充
電制御部１１内のタイマにおいては、該タイマがリセッ
トされた後の経過時間が計時される。さらに、充電制御
部１１においては、バッテリ電圧検出部１４から出力さ
れる検出結果が逐次監視される。Thereafter, the charging control unit 11 controls the charging voltage based on the detection signal of the charging current detection unit 12 so that the charging current becomes a predetermined value (for example, 1.5 [A]). That is, constant current charging is performed. This allows the battery 2
The terminal voltage of becomes high with the passage of time. Further, the timer in the charging control unit 11 measures the elapsed time after the timer is reset. Furthermore, in the charge control unit 11, the detection result output from the battery voltage detection unit 14 is sequentially monitored.
【０００９】ここで、バッテリ電圧検出部１４によっ
て、閾値ＶTH 以上の検出結果が出力されると、充電制
御部１１内においては、タイマの計時結果（定電流充電
期間Ｔ1）がＲＡＭに転送され、下式に基づいて定電圧
充電期間Ｔ2 が求められる。また、タイマは再びリセッ
トされ、計時動作を再開する。 Ｔ2＝５ [時間] （Ｔ1≧３[時間]の場合） Ｔ2＝Ｔ1・５／３ [時間] （Ｔ1＜３[時間]の場合）When the battery voltage detector 14 outputs a detection result equal to or higher than the threshold value VTH, the timer control result (constant current charging period T 1 ) is transferred to the RAM in the charge controller 11. , The constant voltage charging period T 2 is calculated based on the following equation. Further, the timer is reset again, and the time counting operation is restarted. T 2 = 5 [time] (the case of T 1 ≧ 3 [time]) T 2 = T 1 · 5/3 [ Time] (the case of T 1 <3 [time])
【００１０】以後、充電制御部１１においては、バッテ
リ電圧検出部１４の検出結果に基づいて、充電電圧が上
記閾値ＶTH に一定するように、該充電電圧が制御され
る。すなわち、定電圧充電が行われる。また、充電制御
部１１においては、タイマの計時結果が逐次監視され
る。そして、計時結果が定電圧充電期間Ｔ2 以上になる
と、充電制御部１１は定電圧充電を停止する。すなわ
ち、本実施例にあっては、バッテリが弱って定電流充電
期間Ｔ1 が短くなった場合には、これに応じて定電圧充
電期間Ｔ2 も短くされる。これにより、弱ったバッテリ
に対して過充電が行われることを未然に防止できる。な
お、定電圧充電が終了すると、充電制御部１１は所定時
間だけ定電流充電を行う。この場合の充電電流は、最初
の定電流充電ものよりも低く（例えば０．１５[Ａ]に）
設定される。Thereafter, the charging control unit 11 controls the charging voltage based on the detection result of the battery voltage detecting unit 14 so that the charging voltage becomes constant at the threshold value VTH. That is, constant voltage charging is performed. In addition, in the charging control unit 11, the time measurement result of the timer is sequentially monitored. Then, when the time measurement result is equal to or longer than the constant voltage charging period T 2 , the charging control unit 11 stops the constant voltage charging. That is, in the present embodiment, when the battery is weak and the constant current charging period T 1 is shortened, the constant voltage charging period T 2 is also shortened accordingly. This can prevent the weak battery from being overcharged. When the constant voltage charging is completed, the charge control unit 11 performs constant current charging for a predetermined time. The charging current in this case is lower than that of the first constant current charging (eg 0.15 [A])
Is set.
【００１１】なお、本発明は上述した実施例に限定され
るものではなく、例えば以下のように種々の変形が可能
である。 気温検出部１５をバッテリ２に密着させ、上記「周囲
温度」に代えてバッテリ２の表面温度に基づいて閾値Ｖ
TH を算出してもよい。また、定電流充電期間内におい
てもバッテリ２の表面温度を検出し、この表面温度に応
じて閾値ＶTHを逐次変動させてもよい。The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but various modifications can be made as follows, for example. The temperature detecting unit 15 is brought into close contact with the battery 2, and the threshold value V is calculated based on the surface temperature of the battery 2 instead of the "ambient temperature".
You may calculate TH. Further, the surface temperature of the battery 2 may be detected even during the constant current charging period, and the threshold value VTH may be sequentially changed according to the surface temperature.
【００１２】充電器１またはバッテリ２にカウンタを
設け、バッテリ２に対する充電回数Ｎをカウントし、こ
の充電回数Ｎに基づいて閾値ＶTH を補正してもよい。
すなわち、充電回数Ｎに対する関数ｆ（Ｎ）を予め定め
ておき、上記式(１)に代えて下式(３)を用いてもよい。 ＶTH ＝３１．４−０．０６Ｔ ＋ｆ（Ｎ）[Ｖ] ・・・・式(３）A counter may be provided in the charger 1 or the battery 2 to count the number of times N the battery 2 is charged, and the threshold value VTH may be corrected based on the number of times N the battery is charged.
That is, the function f (N) for the number of times of charging N may be determined in advance, and the following equation (3) may be used instead of the above equation (1). VTH = 31.4-0.06T + f (N) [V] ... Formula (3)
【００１３】特に、バッテリ２が新品である場合（また
は新品に近い場合）は、充分な電力量が充電されたにも
拘らず、バッテリ２の端子電圧が上がりにくい場合があ
る。かかる場合、充電回数Ｎが小さいときに負値になる
ように上記関数ｆ（Ｎ）を設定しておくと、定電流充電
期間Ｔ１ を短くすることができ、過充電を防止するこ
とができる。In particular, when the battery 2 is new (or near new), the terminal voltage of the battery 2 may be difficult to rise even though the battery 2 has been charged with a sufficient amount of electric power. In such a case, if the function f (N) is set so as to have a negative value when the number of times of charging N is small, the constant current charging period T 1 can be shortened and overcharging can be prevented. .
【００１４】図３に示すように、バッテリ２に対し
て、ダイオード２１が直列に接続されることがある。こ
れは、充電用接続端に金属が触れた場合にバッテリ２が
ショートすることを防止するためである。かかる場合、
バッテリ電圧検出部１４で検出される充電電圧は、ダイ
オード２１の順方向電圧降下を含んだものになる。この
順方向電圧降下は、ダイオード２１の温度および充電電
流によって変動する。そこで、かかる場合はダイオード
２１の温度を検出するダイオード温度検出部１６を設
け、上記式(３)に代えて下式(４)を用いるとよい。 ＶTH ＝３１．４−（０．０６＋Ｋ1）Ｔ ＋ｆ（Ｎ）＋Ｋ2Ｉ[Ｖ]・・・・式(４)As shown in FIG. 3, a diode 21 may be connected in series with the battery 2. This is to prevent the battery 2 from being short-circuited when metal contacts the charging connection end. In such cases,
The charging voltage detected by the battery voltage detection unit 14 includes the forward voltage drop of the diode 21. This forward voltage drop varies depending on the temperature of the diode 21 and the charging current. Therefore, in such a case, the diode temperature detection unit 16 that detects the temperature of the diode 21 may be provided, and the following equation (4) may be used instead of the above equation (3). VTH = 31.4- (0.06 + K 1 ) T + f (N) + K 2 I [V] ···· (4)
【００１５】式(４)において、Ｉは充電電流であり、Ｋ
1およびＫ2はダイオード２１に応じて決定される定数で
ある。例えば定数Ｋ1は「６０[mＶ／deg]」程度、定数
Ｋ1は「１／１５[Ｖ／Ａ]」程度になる。なお、図３の
ようにダイオード２１が設けられている場合には、充電
器１内部のダイオード１３を除去してもよい。In equation (4), I is the charging current and K
1 and K 2 are constants determined according to the diode 21. For example, the constant K 1 is about “60 [mV / deg]”, and the constant K 1 is about “1/15 [V / A]”. When the diode 21 is provided as shown in FIG. 3, the diode 13 inside the charger 1 may be removed.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、この発明の充電器
によれば、定電流充電期間あるいは周囲温度に基づい
て、バッテリに適切な充電を施すことができるから、過
充電を未然に防止することが可能である。As described above, according to the charger of the present invention, it is possible to properly charge the battery based on the constant current charging period or the ambient temperature, so that overcharging can be prevented. It is possible.
【図１】 一実施例の構成を示すブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an example.
【図２】 一実施例および従来例の充電電流・電圧特性
図である。FIG. 2 is a charging current / voltage characteristic diagram of an example and a conventional example.
【図３】 一実施例の変形例のブロック図である。FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a modified example of the embodiment.
２ バッテリ １１ 充電制御部（制御回路） １５ 気温検出部（温度測定手段） 2 Battery 11 Charge control unit (control circuit) 15 Air temperature detection unit (temperature measuring means)
Claims (2)
テリの端子電圧が所定値になると定電圧充電を行う充電
器において、 前記定電流充電の時間が短いほど前記定電圧充電の時間
を短くする制御回路を具備することを特徴とする充電
器。1. A charger that performs constant current charging on a battery and performs constant voltage charging when the terminal voltage of the battery reaches a predetermined value, wherein the constant current charging time is shortened as the constant current charging time is shortened. A charger comprising a control circuit.
定する温度測定手段を具備し、 前記制御回路は、この温度測定手段によって測定された
温度が高いほど前記所定値を低くすることを特徴とする
請求項１記載の充電器。2. A temperature measuring means for measuring the ambient temperature or the temperature of the battery is provided, and the control circuit lowers the predetermined value as the temperature measured by the temperature measuring means increases. The charger according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26571994A JPH08126222A (en) | 1994-10-28 | 1994-10-28 | Charger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26571994A JPH08126222A (en) | 1994-10-28 | 1994-10-28 | Charger |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08126222A true JPH08126222A (en) | 1996-05-17 |
Family
ID=17421065
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26571994A Pending JPH08126222A (en) | 1994-10-28 | 1994-10-28 | Charger |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH08126222A (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007234252A (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2007-09-13 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Charger |
| JP2008043027A (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2008-02-21 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | Charging device for lead-acid battery |
| JP2010016976A (en) * | 2008-07-03 | 2010-01-21 | Hitachi Koki Co Ltd | Charging system |
| JP2010068579A (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2010-03-25 | Panasonic Corp | Charge control device |
| JP2010136555A (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2010-06-17 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Method and device for controlling charging of secondary battery |
| JP2013169094A (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2013-08-29 | Konica Minolta Inc | Electronic apparatus and power supply unit |
| JP2013201889A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-10-03 | Samsung Sdi Co Ltd | Vehicle and method of controlling the same |
| EP2187499A4 (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2014-01-01 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING BATTERY OF A VEHICLE |
| KR20180114206A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2018-10-17 | 더 리젠츠 오브 더 유니버시티 오브 미시건 | Lithium-ion battery charging method with user, cell and temperature awareness |
| JP2019068576A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-25 | 株式会社第一興商 | Charge control device |
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1994
- 1994-10-28 JP JP26571994A patent/JPH08126222A/en active Pending
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| JP2007234252A (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2007-09-13 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Charger |
| EP1826863A3 (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2012-05-30 | Panasonic Corporation | Charging apparatus |
| JP2008043027A (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2008-02-21 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | Charging device for lead-acid battery |
| EP2187499A4 (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2014-01-01 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING BATTERY OF A VEHICLE |
| JP2010016976A (en) * | 2008-07-03 | 2010-01-21 | Hitachi Koki Co Ltd | Charging system |
| JP2010068579A (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2010-03-25 | Panasonic Corp | Charge control device |
| JP2010136555A (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2010-06-17 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Method and device for controlling charging of secondary battery |
| JP2013169094A (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2013-08-29 | Konica Minolta Inc | Electronic apparatus and power supply unit |
| JP2013201889A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-10-03 | Samsung Sdi Co Ltd | Vehicle and method of controlling the same |
| KR20180114206A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2018-10-17 | 더 리젠츠 오브 더 유니버시티 오브 미시건 | Lithium-ion battery charging method with user, cell and temperature awareness |
| US11437829B2 (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2022-09-06 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Method to charge lithium-ion batteries with user, cell and temperature awareness |
| JP2019068576A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-25 | 株式会社第一興商 | Charge control device |
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