JPH0811553B2 - Body assembly method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Use) The present invention conveys a floor main assembled on a floor main line in a suspended state while positioning and holding body parts such as a body side. The present invention relates to a vehicle body assembling method which can be directly carried into an assembling process.

(Prior Art) An automobile body generally has a floor main line and a body main line. Floor main line is No. 11
Of the vehicle body components shown in the figure, the engine compartment 1a, the front floor 1b, and the rear floor 1c are integrally assembled to form a floor main 1. The body main line is integrated with the floor main line. It is a line for integrally assembling the body side 2 on the left and right, the air box 3, the rear parcel 4, the rear panel 5, the front and rear roof rails 6 and 7, and the roof and the like with respect to the floor main 1. When this line is completed, almost the skeleton shape of the vehicle is obtained as a whole.

Normally, each line has a shuttle bar, which is also called a transfer bar, and each body part is assembled into a predetermined shape while being transported by this shuttle bar.

Conventionally, as described in JP-A-57-84275, in a body main line, body parts such as a body side 2 to be assembled to a floor main 1 sequentially conveyed by a shuttle bar. Was to be assembled to the floor main 1 by a fixture that holds these parts from the outside. And the body parts such as the body side 2 and the air box 3 are
When it was carried into the floor main 1 by the lifter,
After all the vehicle body parts that are temporarily fixed by using a spot welder and assembled in the body main line are integrated and the skeleton of the vehicle body is formed as a whole, it is necessary to securely join the vehicle body parts. Main assembly is performed on the striking stage.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As described above, in the conventional vehicle body assembly apparatus, in the body main line, the body side 2, the air box 3, and the rear parcel 4 carried into the floor main 1 are carried.
The vehicle body parts such as are temporarily fixed by a spot welding machine at the stage where the respective parts are carried in.
For this reason, it is necessary to install a fixture for holding and positioning each vehicle body part for each stage, and a spot welder for each stage, which increases the overall size of the main body line. There was a problem that it would end up. Further, since the respective body parts are joined to each stage when they are temporarily fixed by using the spot welder, it is possible to adjust the relative positions of the body parts before the main assembly for increasing the number of hits. This is not possible, and the positional relationship between the vehicle body parts is determined during the temporary fixing, and there is a problem that the positional relationship between the parts cannot be corrected later.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and a work hanging truck for holding and transporting a floor main is provided with a hanger that supports a body part such as a body side. To position other body parts with respect to the floor main,
The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the temporary fixing process and to assemble the vehicle body with high accuracy and speed.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is a work suspension cart that is provided with a plurality of hangers for individually holding a plurality of works and travels on a rail laid on a vehicle body assembly line. The steps of putting the body parts such as the floor main and the body side into the predetermined hangers so as to collectively hold them in a state where the skeleton of the vehicle body is substantially formed, and the body parts such as the floor main and the body side. Drive the work hanging carriage to the temporary mounting stage while being collectively held on the hanger, and perform predetermined fixing of the body parts such as the floor main and the body side on the temporary mounting stage. A method of assembling a vehicle body, the method including joining with a tool in a positioned state.

(Operation) With respect to the floor main formed by the floor main line, other body parts such as the body side are gathered in a state where the floor main is hung by the hanger of the work hanging carriage. These gathered car body parts are supported by hangers corresponding to each part and positioned to a certain extent, and the frame of the appearance of the car body is formed as a whole, and temporarily tacked together on the tacking stage. To be done. In this temporary mounting stage, spot welding is performed in a state where the mutual positioning is accurately performed by a positioning clamp jig or the like, so that the vehicle body parts are joined with high accuracy.

(Example) Hereinafter, the vehicle body assembling method of the present invention will be described in detail based on an example embodying the method.

FIGS. 1 (A) to 1 (D) are views showing a work-suspending trolley 10, which has two wheels 1 rolling on a rail.
1 and 12, and a motor 13 is connected to one of the wheels. By driving this motor 13, the cart 10 is self-propelled. This work suspension cart 10 is provided with a floor fixing hanger 14 for supporting the floor main 1 by gripping the front strut housing portion of the floor main 1, and further for the spare tire of the floor main 1. There is provided another floor fixing hanger 15 for supporting the floor main 1 by gripping the hole portion. A grip is provided at the tip of each floor fixing hanger 14, 15.

Further, the work hanging carriage 10 has an air box fixing hanger 16 for supporting the air box 3, a rear parcel fixing hanger 17 for supporting the rear waist parcel 4, and a rear panel for supporting the rear panel 5. A fixing hanger 18 is provided. Further, body side fixing hangers 19 and 20 for supporting the left and right body sides 2 are provided on the work hanging carriage 10, and roof rail fixing hangers 21 and 22 for supporting the front and rear roof rails 6 and 7 are provided. It is provided on the work suspension carriage 10. Among the above hangers, the body side fixing hangers 19 and 20 and the roof rail fixing hangers 21 and 22 enter the space corresponding to the vehicle compartment through the opening 23 corresponding to the roof.

As shown in FIG. 2, the work suspension carriage 10 is
It cyclically moves between the final stage Fk of the floor main line 30 and the first stage Ba of the body main line 31. In the floor main line 30, works are sequentially transported by the shuttle bar,
In this floor main line 30, a stage Fa in which the rear floor 1c is introduced, a stage Fb in which the engine compartment 1a is introduced by the drop lifter 29, and a stage Fc in which the front floor 1b is introduced are installed in this order. . Further, on the downstream side of the floor main line 30, a stage Fd having a multi-spot welder for temporarily fixing the vehicle body parts 1a to 1c constituting the floor main 1 to each other is installed, and further, a stage Fd for sill mounting is installed. Stage Fe
And stages Ff to Fi for additional hitting and a stage Fj for idle process are installed.

The final stage Fk of the floor main line 30 is shown in detail in FIGS. 3 (A) and 3 (B).

The shuttle bar 32 reaches the final stage Fk, and the floor main 1 in which the vehicle body parts such as the engine compartment 1a are integrally assembled is conveyed to the stage Fk by the shuttle bar 32. In order to raise this floor main 1 from the state where it was supported by the shuttle bar 32, a lifter is attached to this stage Fk.
33 are provided. The lifter 33 is lifted by a cylinder 34, and has a lifting platform 36 provided with a fixture 35 that supports the floor main 1.

A drop lifter 37 is provided above the lifter 33. The drop lifter 37 has a vertically moving carriage 39 which is vertically moved by being guided by a vertical rail 38, and a horizontal lifting rail 40 is fixed to the carriage 39. The elevating rail 40 moves up and down between a descending position shown by a solid line in FIGS. 3A and 3B and an ascending position shown by an imaginary line in FIG. 3A. The end end of the ceiling fixing rail 41 is located at the upper limit position. This ceiling fixed rail
41 continues to the first stage Ba of the main body line 31 in FIG. 2, and the work hanging carriage 10 shown in FIG. 1 is transferred from the ceiling fixed rail 41 to the lifting rail 40, and then the lifting rail 40. By lowering 40,
The floor main 1 lifted by the lifter 33 is supported by the work hanging carriage 10. At this time, the floor main 1 is held by the floor fixing hangers 14 and 15 shown in FIG.

A fixed rail 42 is provided at a lower end position of the elevating rail 40 so as to be adjacent to the elevating rail 40 at this position, and the floor main 1 supported by the work hanging carriage 10 is shown in FIG. It is transported to the first stage Ba of the body main line 31 shown. The part where the fixed rail 42 is shown in FIG.
It is the first stage Ga of the temporary fixing line 45 that connects the main body line 31 with the body main line 31. The stage Ga is shown in detail in FIGS. 4 (A) and (B).

In this stage Ga, the front and rear roof rails 6 and 7 and the rear parcel 4 are assembled to the floor main 1 that is hung and conveyed by the work suspension carriage 10, and as shown in the figure, the front Storage 46,47 for storing many roof rails 6 and storage 48,49 for storing many rear roof rails 7
And storages 50 and 51 for storing a large number of rear parcels 4 are arranged.

In order to temporarily fix the vehicle body parts (work pieces) in the respective storages 46 to 51 to the floor main 1, work set robots 52 and 53 are installed on this stage Ga. General-purpose grips 52a and 53a are attached to the ends of the arms of these robots, and the body parts such as the roof rails 6 and 7 are gripped by these grips and transported to the floor main 1 where the workpiece hanging cart 10
Hangers 17,21,22 of each work 4,6,
7 will be changed and supported. In this way, the floor main 1 with the rear parcel 4 and the front and rear roof rails 6, 7 temporarily fixed is transported to the next stage Gb.

The stage Gb is a stage for temporarily fixing the left and right body sides 2 to the floor main 1 and is shown in detail in FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B). The left and right body sides 2 are each carried in by an overhead conveyor 55. Two vertical rails 56 are attached to the overhead conveyor 55, and a hanger carriage 57 is provided so as to be vertically movable along the vertical rails 56. 2 below each vertical rail 56
One work cradle 58 is attached to the floor main 1 so as to be movable back and forth. When the hanger carriage 57 descends, the body side 2 comes into contact with the work receiving base 58, and then the hanger releasing cylinder 59 is attached to the work receiving base 58 to release the engagement between the hanger carriage 57 and the body side 2. ing. In this way, the body side 2 that has been changed over to the work cradle 58 advances toward the floor main 1 by this work cradle 58, and the body side fixing hangers 19, which are attached to the work hanging carriage 10, Can be changed to 20. As a result, the body side 2 is assembled.

6 (A) to 6 (C) are the stages shown in FIG.
It is a figure which shows the detail of Gc, and at this stage Gc, the air box 3 and the rear panel 5 are assembled with respect to the floor main 1. On this stage G, an air box storage 60 in which a large number of air boxes 3 are placed and accommodated
And a rear panel storage 61 in which a large number of rear panels 5 are placed and housed.

A work set robot 62 is installed to convey the air box 3 of the storage 60 to the floor main 1. Further, in order to convey the rear panel 5 to the floor mate 1, a lateral guide rail 63 and this rail are provided.
A vertical guide rail 64 is mounted on the base 63 so as to be movable in the horizontal direction. The vertical guide rail 64 has a panel clamp as shown in FIG. 6 (A).
A cylinder 66 is movably mounted in the vertical direction. The robot 62 carries the rear panel 5 to the cradle 65.

Work suspension truck 10 after passing through this stage Gc
Travels to the temporary mounting stage Gd via the lane switching unit 70. In the illustrated case, three jig carriages 71 to 73 are installed on the temporary mounting stage Gd, each of which is movable in the lateral direction.

FIG. 7 is a view showing the details of the lane switching unit 70. The switching unit 70 has a switching carriage 75 to which three switching rails 74a to 74c are attached, and the carriage 75 is driven by a cylinder 76. , Guided by rail 77 to move. The switching rail 74a is straight and can be set in a state of being connected to the fixed rail 42a reaching the jig carriage 71. Similarly, the switching rail 74b has a dogleg shape, and can be set in a state of being connected to the fixed rail 42b reaching the jig carriage 72. In addition, the switching rail 74c is also V-shaped, and the fixed rail 42c reaching the jig carriage 73
It can be set to the state of being connected to.

As described above, by installing the three jig carriages 71 to 73 at the positions shown by reference characters A to C, for example,
If the production vehicle type is produced using the jig carriage 71 at the A position, and the next vehicle is the jig truck 72 at the B position, when the production quantity of the next vehicle increases, The jig truck 72 is shifted to the position and the jig truck 72 is shifted to the position A, and the next-generation vehicle is deployed to the position B. Alternatively, the jig carriage 71 for the first production vehicle type, which is at the C position, may be modified.

FIGS. 8 (A) and 8 (B) are views showing the jig carriage 71. The jig carriage 71 is fixed to the base 82 to which the wheels 81 rolling on the rails 80 are attached and the base 82. The jig carriage 71 is composed of a frame 83 and can move in the lateral direction.
A lifting rail 84 is attached to the jig dolly 71 in the horizontal direction, and a mounting bracket 85
The rod of the cylinder 86 fixed to the frame 83 is connected to the mounting bracket 85 in order to move the lifting rail 84 up and down.

The jig carriage 71 has a positioning clamp 87 for mutually positioning the vehicle body parts such as the floor main 1 and the body side 2 at a predetermined position, and a welding gun for welding the vehicle body parts to each other.
Many 88 are provided. Therefore, the work suspending carriage 10 that has transferred from the rail 42a to the lift rail 84 at the ascending limit is operated by the cylinder 86, so that the lift rail is lifted.
When 84 is lowered, it is lowered to the position supported by the positioning clamp 87 as shown in FIG. In this state, the body parts are welded to each other by the welding gun 88 and temporarily attached. After the tack welding is completed, the positioning clamp 87 escapes, and the hangers 14 to 22 of the work hanging carriage 10 again support the work with the skeleton of the vehicle body formed, and the work is lifted by the elevating rail 84.

9 (A) and 9 (B) are diagrams showing the first stage Ba of the body main line 31, and this stage Ba is also the final stage of the tacking line.

As with the final stage Fk of the floor main line 30 shown in FIG. 3, a drop lifter 90 is installed on this stage Ba. This drop lifter 90 has vertical rails
It has 91, and the cart 92 is vertically moved by being guided by the vertical rail 91. This dolly 92 has a lifting rail 93
This lifting rail 93 is attached to this rail.
The 93 moves up and down between a position where it is at the same level as the fixed rail 42 and a position where it is at the same level as the ceiling fixed rail 41.
A lifter 94 is provided below the drop lifter 90,
This lifter 94 is a lift that moves up and down by a cylinder 95.
The lifting table 96 has a fixture 97 for receiving a work. Further, a shuttle bar 98 extending vertically is provided above the lifting platform 96. The shuttle bar 98 extends over the entire body main line 31.

Body main line 31 is the final stage Bi and stage Bf
Except for, all are in the extra hit stage. The stage Bf is a stage for loading the roof, and as shown in FIG. 1 (C), the roof is a vehicle body component that covers the opening 23 formed by the body side 2 and the front and rear roof rails 6, 7. Yes, 19 hangers for 10 workpiece trolleys
After ˜22 has come out of this opening, it is put in this line 31.

The ceiling fixing rail 41 for forwarding shown in FIG. 9 is connected to the ceiling fixing rail 41 shown in FIG. 3, and as shown in FIG. 2, the ceiling fixing rail for forwarding which constitutes an overhead conveyor is fixed. Six types of rails are provided according to vehicle types as indicated by symbols A to F.

In order to form a vehicle body by integrally assembling the vehicle body component parts as shown in FIG. 11 using the vehicle body assembling apparatus having the above-described structure, first in the floor main line 30 shown in FIG. The engine compartment 1a, the front floor 1b, and the rear floor 1c are joined together to form the floor main 1. In this way, floor main 1
The work in the state where is formed is transported by the shuttle bar 32 to the final stage Fk of the floor main line 30.

The work suspension carriage 10 of the vehicle type corresponding to the floor main 1 transported to the final stage Fk is a lifting rail in a state in which it is at the same level as the ceiling fixed rail 41 shown in FIG. 3 (A). Transfer to 40. Then, when the elevating rail 40 descends, the floor main hangers 14 and 15 hold the floor main 1 elevated from the shuttle bar 32 by the lift 33. In this state, by driving the motor 13 attached to the work suspension carriage 10, the carriage 10 travels on the fixed rail 42 by itself. In order to make the work suspension carriage 10 self-propelled, the motor 13 has a first
As shown in FIG. 3B, an external current is supplied from the power supply rail 24.

When the floor suspension 1 is conveyed to the stage Ga of the temporary fixing line 45 by the self-propelled work suspension carriage 10, the work set robots 52 and 53 are transferred at this stage Ga.
Thus, the front and rear roof rails 6 and 7 and the rear parcel 4 are conveyed to the floor main 1, the rear parcel 4 is supported by the rear parcel fixing hanger 18, and the roof rails 6 and 7 are supported by the roof rail fixing hangers 21 and 22. It will be. In this state, the rear parcel 4 and the front and rear roof rails 6 and 7 are not mechanically joined to each other and to the floor main 1 by welding. It is not a very high degree of accuracy, but merely a state where they are positioned and in contact with each other.

In this state, when the work is transported to the stage Gb shown in FIG.
In Gb, the left and right body sides 2 are further carried in by the overhead conveyor 55. First, each body side 2 is placed from the hanger trolley 57 to the work cradle 58,
The work cradle 58 transfers the work hangers 19 to the body side fixing hangers 19 and 20 of the work suspension carriage 10 and supports them. Even in this state, as in the case described above, the respective body sides 2 are not mechanically joined to other body parts including the floor main 1 and are merely positioned. Absent.

Further, from this state, the work is suspended by the work suspension carriage 10 and is transported to the stage Gc shown in FIG. At this stage Gc, the work set robot 62 conveys the air box 3 to the vehicle body, and the rear panel 5 is first placed on the panel clamp 65. The rear panel 5 moves in the vertical and horizontal directions of the panel clamp 65. Is transported to the car body. The air box 3 is supported by the hanger 16 for fixing the air box of the work hanging carriage 10, and the rear panel 5 is supported by the hanger 18 for fixing the rear panel. As a result, all the vehicle body parts shown in FIG. 11 are not mechanically joined to each other, but are brought together with a predetermined accuracy.

In such a state that the skeletons of the vehicle body are almost gathered and gathered in this way, the work hanging carriage 10 conveys the work body to the jig carriage 71 of the stage Gd for temporary attachment shown in FIG. In this jig carriage 71, the floor rail 1 is first lowered so that the floor panel 1 is clamped at a predetermined position by the positioning clamp 87 provided on the base 82. Next, other body parts such as the body side 2 are positioned at a predetermined position by another positioning clamp 87. Under the condition, the respective body parts are temporarily attached to each other by the welding gun 88. In this welding work,
Since all the vehicle body parts are accurately positioned with respect to each other by the positioning clamp 87, the vehicle body is temporarily attached with high accuracy.

For the workpieces that have been temporarily attached, the vehicle parts are additionally struck, the roof is attached to the opening 23 for allowing the hangers 19 to 22 to enter, and the roof is additionally struck. In this way, the work for which the body assembly has been completed passes through the body main line 31 and is conveyed to the subsequent coating line.

FIG. 10 is a view showing another embodiment of the present invention, in which a part of the temporary fixing line 45a corresponding to the temporary fixing line 45 is shown. At the first stage Ga ′ of the temporary fixing line 45a, all the above-mentioned body parts, namely the floor main 1, body side 2, The air box 3, the rear parcel 4, the rear panel 5, and the front and rear roof rails 6 and 7 are supported by the hangers 14 to 22. In this case, it is useful for small-lot production of many types of vehicles, and five jig carts 71a to 73a, 78, and 79 are installed on the stage Gd 'according to the model. Stage Gf in FIG. 10 is a stage for exchanging the work clamp attachment for the hanger with a worker or a robot in accordance with the production vehicle type. In this embodiment, the same parts as those in the previous embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention as described above, with respect to the floor main formed by the floor main line, in the state where the floor main is hung by the hanger of the work hanging carriage, the Other body parts are gathered together, and these gathered body parts are supported by hangers corresponding to the respective parts and positioned to a certain extent, and in the state where the skeleton of the appearance of the car body is formed as a whole. Since the temporary attachment stages are temporarily attached to each other, it is not necessary to install a spot welder or a positioning clamp for temporarily attaching the vehicle body components on each stage where the vehicle body components are carried in. It is only necessary to install a welding machine in. As a result, the entire line does not become large, and in the temporary mounting stage, spot welding is performed with the positioning clamp jig or the like accurately positioning each other, so that the body parts are joined with high accuracy. As a result, it becomes possible to assemble the vehicle body quickly and with high accuracy.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 (A) to 1 (D) are perspective views, front views, plan views, and side views showing a work hanging carriage used in a vehicle body assembling method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3 (A) (B) is a front view showing a stage Fk in FIG. 2 and a side view, and FIG. 4 (A) (B) shows a stage Ga. A plan view and a side view, and FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B) are stages.
A front view and a side view showing Gb, and FIGS. 6A to 6C.
Is a front view, a side view, and a plan view showing the stage Gc, FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the lane switching unit, and FIGS. 8 (A) and 8 (B).
Is a front view and a side view showing the stage Gd, FIG. 9 (A)
(B) is a front view and a side view showing the stage Ba, FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a temporary fixing line according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the body parts to be assembled. . 1a …… Engine compartment, 1b …… Front floor, 1c …… Rear floor, 2 …… Body side, 3 …… Air box, 4 …… Rear parcel, 5 …… Rear panel,
6, 7 ... Roof rails, 10 ... Work hanging carts,
14,15 …… Floor fixing hanger, 16 …… Air box fixing hanger, 17 …… Rear parcel fixing hanger,
18 …… Rear panel fixing hanger, 19,20 …… Body side fixing hanger, 21,22 …… Roof rail fixing hanger, 30 …… Floor main line, 31 …… Body main line, 45 …… Temporary fixing line.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A predetermined hanger for a work suspending truck that is provided with a plurality of hangers for individually holding a plurality of works and travels on rails laid on a car body assembly line, and body parts such as floor main and body side, respectively. And holding them together in a state in which the skeleton of the vehicle body is almost formed, and suspending the work while the vehicle body parts such as the floor main and the body side are collectively held on the hanger. A method of assembling a vehicle body, comprising: a step of moving a lowering carriage to a temporary mounting stage; and a step of joining the vehicle body parts such as the floor main and the body side in a positioning state by a predetermined jig on the temporary mounting stage.