JPH08103226A - Production of feed for domestic animal, containing active ingredient such as butyric acid bacteria or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain the subject feed increasing weight of domestic animals by adding the feed to them, by adsorbing a culture filtrate of butyric acid bacteria on processed by-products of agricultural product, drying the by-products under specific pressure and temperature conditions under reduced pressure, inexpensively recovering active ingredients in the culture filtrate of butyric acid bacteria without losing the active ingredients of components. CONSTITUTION: A culture filtrate of butyric acid bacteria is adsorbed on processed by-products of agricultural product such as dried beet pulp and the resulting material is dried under reduced pressure under <=600mmHg, preferably <=400mmHg at <=80 deg.C, preferably <=70 deg.C to give the objective feed. The amount of the feed is >=10g based on 1kg weight of horse or cattle as a domestic animal daily, 30g based on 1kg weight of pig, preferably 60g for a growing pig with 2kg weight and 2kg for a growing cattle with 200kg weight.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention relates to butyric acid bacteria (Clostr
The present invention relates to a method for producing a feed for livestock in which an active ingredient in a culture filtrate of (idium butyricum) is adsorbed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A culture broth of butyric acid bacteria contains components useful for livestock such as butyric acid bacteria and vitamin B group (abbreviated as "active ingredient" in this specification), but has a water content of about 98%. Butyric acid bacteria contained in it are spores, so if it is left aerobically, it decomposes in a short time and gives off a bad odor.
When the culture filtrate is adsorbed on an agricultural processed by-product and dried, for example, beet pulp having a high adsorbing capacity is mixed in a weight ratio of 4: 1.
Even if it is adsorbed at the ratio of, the water content is about 80%, and a freeze-drying device or a vacuum drying device must be used for drying while maintaining the survival rate of butyric acid bacteria, and the cost is too large. There was a problem. Further, since the culture filtrate has a high BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), it cannot be discarded as it is, and it is not easy to decompose it with aerobic or anaerobic microorganisms. If the aeration process is performed so that the amount of waste is below the standard BOD at which disposal is permitted, there is a problem that a large amount of cost is required.

[0003]

The object of the present invention is to adsorb and recover the active ingredient in the culture filtrate of butyric acid bacteria by a low-cost method without losing the effectiveness of the ingredient, and use it as a feed for livestock. It is in.

[0004]

According to the invention of claim 1, after adsorbing a culture filtrate of butyric acid bacteria to an agricultural processing by-product, 600
It relates to a method for producing livestock feed, which comprises drying under reduced pressure under a pressure of mmHg or less and a temperature of 80 ° C. or less. The invention according to claim 2 relates to a method for producing livestock feed, which comprises adsorbing a culture filtrate of butyric acid bacterium to an agricultural processing by-product and then drying it under a condition of a set temperature of 80 ° C. or lower. Is. The invention according to claim 3 relates to a method for producing livestock feed, which comprises adsorbing a culture filtrate of butyric acid bacterium to an agricultural processing by-product and then storing it in a sealed state to make silage. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

[0005] Butyric acid bacterium is an obligate anaerobic bacterium and is a Gram-positive bacillus that forms spores. Due to the formation of spores, it has heat resistance and acid resistance, and is highly stable as a live bacterium. In the present invention, butyric acid bacteria include, for example, Clo.
stridium butyricum MIYAIR
I 588 (Accession number BP-2789 of the Institute of Biotechnology, Institute of Industrial Science and Technology), Clostridium bu
tyricum NIP 1006 (accession number P-11
868), Clostridium butyricu
m NIP 1015 (accession number P-11869), C
lostridium butyricum NIP
1017 (accession number P-11870) and the like, and in particular Clostridium butyricum MI.
YAIRI 588 is preferred.

The culture filtrate of butyric acid bacterium is generated in the process of culturing butyric acid bacterium and recovering the bacterial cells as described below. That is,
After culturing the butyric acid bacterium for about 48 hours in a butyric acid bacterium selective medium mainly composed of amino acids and precipitated calcium carbonate, the precipitated portion of the medium was removed with 1,20 to remove calcium carbonate in the medium.
Apply to a 600G basket type centrifuge at 0 rpm,
Separated into calcium carbonate part and liquid part. In addition to the supernatant of the medium, this liquid part was further added at 15,000 rpm, 13,2
It is subjected to a 00G Sharpless centrifuge to separate into a bacterial part and a liquid part. This liquid part is the culture filtrate.

In the culture filtrate of butyric acid bacterium, organic matter degrading enzymes such as amylase obtained by fermentation of butyric acid bacterium, oligosaccharides as a useful bacterium growth promoting factor, and proteinaceous substance of non-electrolyte are compared in the culture medium before fermentation. It is rich in substances and vitamin B group, especially vitamins B ₂ , B ₆ and B ₁₂ , and contains about 10 ⁶ unrecovered butyric acid bacteria per milliliter. Organic acids produced in the fermentation process of butyric acid bacteria have a unique odor,
As it is, the palatability of livestock is poor and it is not preferable as a feed. Live butyric acid bacteria form spore bodies during the low temperature drying process.

The spores of butyric acid bacterium have a survival rate of 100% when heated at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes, 100% at 90 ° C. for 10 minutes, and 90 ° C. for 20 minutes.
The heat resistance is 95% in minutes, but the survival rate is reduced to 35% by heating at 100 ° C. for 5 minutes. Therefore, in order to maintain the survival rate of butyric acid bacteria in the culture filtrate, it is desirable to dry under a reduced pressure condition of 600 mmHg or less and a temperature condition of 80 ° C. or less. In particular, it is preferable to dry under conditions of 400 mmHg or less and 70 ° C. or less.

When drying with a normal-pressure ventilation dryer, the product is dried at a temperature of 80 ° C. or lower. Here, the product temperature means the temperature in the agricultural product processing byproduct to which the culture filtrate of butyric acid bacteria has been adsorbed. As the dryer of this system, for example, a vibration fluidized dryer or a horizontal fluidized bed belt dryer is used. The condition is that hot air is set to 120 ° C. near the immersion material charging section and 70 ° C. is set to the intermediate section for drying.

The present inventor has adsorbed the butyric acid bacterium culture filtrate obtained from the step of culturing butyric acid bacterium and the step of recovering the bacterium as a raw material for the formulation to the beet pulp at a weight ratio of 4: 1 and reduced pressure. Using a drying device, air pressure 400 mmHg,
After drying under reduced pressure at 70 ° C. for 8 hours to evaporate the organic acid that causes the odor, the number of bacteria per 1 g was measured, and the result was 5 × 10 ⁵ to 8 × 10 ⁵ bacteria. It was found to contain a number. This number of bacteria, feed additives,
"Miyarisan for feed (trade name: manufactured by Miyarisan Co., Ltd.)" marketed as a veterinary drug is 5.0 to 8.0.
It corresponds to the compounded feed added by weight%. The present inventor has also found that the same product can be obtained even when the product is dried under the condition that the product temperature is 80 ° C. or lower using a normal pressure draft dryer. Furthermore, on the one hand, the inventor
When the culture filtrate is adsorbed on dry beet pulp at a weight ratio of 2: 1 and stored in a sealed state, good silage can be obtained by the action of the useful bacterial growth promoting factor contained in the butyric acid bacteria culture filtrate. I found a thing.

As the agricultural processing by-products for adsorbing the butyric acid bacterium culture filtrate, any by-products that are easily available and do not impair the palatability of livestock and can be used as feed can be used. When the adsorption capacities were compared, the amount of dried beet pulp obtained by extracting sugar from sugar beets and then drying was 2.0 to 5.0 kg per 10 liters of the filtrate. In addition, bagasse obtained by depositing squeezed residue obtained by extracting sugar from sugar cane has an adsorption capacity of 1.5 to 3.0 kg and is superior to beet pulp, but bagasse itself has a poor feed value and a large volume. Distribution costs are high, and it is difficult to obtain it as a feed ingredient. In addition, shimeji mushrooms, cultivated residue sawdust such as Nametake, which are easily available in the mountainous area of Honshu, have an adsorption capacity comparable to bagasse, but the culture filtrate is adsorbed to this.
The livestock's palatability of the dried product was significantly inferior.

From this, dried beet pulp is the preferred by-product of agricultural processing. In the inventions of claims 1 and 2, the butyric acid bacterium culture filtrate is mixed with dry beet pulp in a weight ratio of 2: 1 to 5: 1, preferably 3: 2.
A substance adsorbed at a ratio of 1 to 5: 1, particularly preferably at a ratio of 4: 1 is used. In the invention of claim 3, a ratio of 3.5: 1 to 1: 1, preferably 2.5:
Adsorbed at a ratio of 1 to 1.5: 1, particularly preferably at a ratio of 2: 1 is used.

The feed amount of the product obtained by the invention of claim 1 or 2 is 1 kg for cattle and horses as livestock.
The daily dose is 1 g or more per g, and preferably about 10 g per 1 kg body weight per day. For example, the weight of a heifer of 200 kg is about 2 kg. In pigs, the daily dose is 3 g or more per kg body weight, preferably 1 kg per kg body weight.
It is about 30g a day. For example, for growing pigs with a weight of 2 kg, 6
It is about 0 g. Cultivation of butyric acid bacteria for the purpose of increasing the number of butyric acid bacteria in the product, without recovering the bacterial cells, or when producing a butyric acid bacteria-containing feed from a medium that has only partially recovered, the method of the present invention Can be applied.

The amount of silage provided by the invention of claim 3 is 2 g or more per 1 kg body weight per day for livestock cattle and horses, and preferably about 20 g per 1 kg body weight per day. For example, the weight of a milking cow having a weight of 600 kg is about 12 kg.

[0015]

EXAMPLES In the following examples, Clostridium butyricum Miyairi 588 (Clo, which is a strain of butyric acid bacterium, is used.
stridium butyricum MIYAIR
I588: BP-2789) was used. The feature of Clostridium butyricum Miyairi 588 is that it promotes the growth of peculiar useful bacteria (Bifidobacteria, lactic acid bacteria) and the like that live in the intestines of animals, while having an antagonistic action against harmful bacteria in the intestines. This is because the bacterium becomes a trophozoite in the intestines of animals that are strongly anaerobic or in the rumen of ruminant livestock, and monosaccharides and oligosaccharides produced by digestive enzymes of carbohydrates (starch / fiber) produced by the bacterium. The production of lactic acid and the production of active substances by proteolytic enzymes promote the growth of useful intestinal bacteria (Bifidobacteria, lactic acid bacteria, etc.), while the organic acids such as butyric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, and antagonists This is because the production suppresses the growth of harmful Escherichia coli and the like. The bacterium also produces digestive enzymes such as vitamins and amylase. Recently, it has been revealed that butyric acid is greatly involved in promoting pancreatic endocrine secretion (secretion of insulin, glucagon, etc.) of ruminant livestock.

Butyric acid bacteria (Clostridium butyricum
The results of analyzing the components of the culture filtrate of Miyairi 588) are shown below. Basic ingredients Moisture (dry method) (%) 97.7 Protein (%) 0.3 Lipid (%) 0.1 Fiber (%) 0 Ash (%) 0.6 Sugar (%) 1.3 (above-mentioned ingredients Calorie (kcal / 100g) 8 (by bomb calorimeter) Amino nitrogen (mg / 100g) 22 Ammonia (μg / dl) 943.0 Total nitrogen (mg / dl) 125 Vitamin (unmeasurable: contaminant Vitamin A fraction retinol (μg / dl) ≦ 0.5 retinyl palmitate (μg / dl) ≦ 2.0 Vitamin B ₁ (ng / ml) ≦ 5 Vitamin B ₂ (ng / Ml) 111.0 Flavin adenine dinucleotide 12.2 (FAD) (ng / ml) Flavin mononucleotide 74.0 (FMN) (ng / ml) Riboflavin (RB) (ng) / Ml) 24.8 Vitamin B ₆ (ng / ml) 91.0 Pyridoxamine (PAM) (ng / ml) Unmeasurable pyridoxal (PAL) (ng / ml) 26.5 Pyridoxine (PIN) (ng / ml) 64 .5 Pyridoxal phosphate (ng / ml) ≤3.0 Vitamin B ₁₂ (pg / ml) 93 Folic acid (ng / ml) 8.0 Vitamin C (mg / dl) 0.5 Vitamin D (IU / 100g) ≤ 5 Vitamin E (mg / dl) ≤0.1 Vitamin K fraction Vitamin K ₁ (ng / ml) ≤0.05 Vitamin K ₂ (MK-4) (ng / ml) ≤0.05

Example 1 A butyric acid bacterium culture filtrate was adsorbed on dry beet pulp, and a dried product was obtained by the following method. First, the butyric acid bacterium culture filtrate and the dried beet pulp were mixed as follows. 50 kg of dried beet pulp was put in a mixing tank, and butyric acid bacteria (Clostridium butyricum Miyairi 58
8) 200 liters of culture filtrate was added and immersed for about 2 hours. After mixing the dried beet pulp and the butyric acid bacterium filtrate, put it inside the can body that can be sealed, and while continuously rotating the can body automatically while stirring the mixture put inside, put it on the outer tube part of the can body. Steam was injected and heated to 70 ° C. The outer wall of the outer tube portion was further wrapped with a heat insulating material to keep the heating temperature constant. The heating temperature was maintained by an automatic controller. Also,
In order to facilitate the diffusion of water, the vacuum decompression pump sucks and removes the internal air and vapor, and the pressure is 400 mmHg.
While maintaining the negative pressure of, vacuum drying by vacuum equilibration method was performed for 8 hours by an apparatus for balancing the suction amount of air and the reduced pressure amount.
In addition, the sucked air and steam inside the dryer are
For example, it was led to a deodorizing tower packed with boiling stones and discharged outside. As a result of this process, an odorless dry product having a water content of 12% was obtained. Furthermore, as a result of measuring the number of butyric acid bacteria in this dried product, it was confirmed that the bacteria contained 5 × 10 ⁵ to 8 × 10 ⁵ per 1 g.

Example 2 As a means for drying the beet pulp to which the butyric acid bacteria culture filtrate was adsorbed, an atmospheric vibration fluidized-bed dryer or a horizontal fluidized bed belt-typed dryer was used. A vibrating fluidized drying device is a device that blows hot air from the bottom of a rectangular box-shaped device and vibrates and dries the immersion material from the input port to the dried product removal port with the pressure of the hot air, and is a horizontal fluidized bed belt type drying device. Is a device that uses a belt to move the material independently of vibration. In either case, the temperature of the hot air in the blower pipe near the immersion material charging port can be set to 120 ° C, and the temperature of the hot air in the blower pipe in the central portion can be set to 70 ° C. In addition, cold air can be blown in front of the dried product outlet,
Continuous work is easy. 1 hot air close to the immersion material input port
Even if the temperature was set to 20 ° C, since the amount of vapor emitted from the immersion material was large, the product temperature did not rise to 80 ° C or higher, and the butyric acid bacterium was not killed.

The following tests were carried out using the active ingredient-containing dried beet pulp obtained in Examples 1 and 2. Test Example 1 As a test section, a mixture of 6 beef dairy male cows with an average body weight of 121 kg at the age of 3 months, 2 kg per day of the dried beet pulp containing the active ingredient according to the present invention, and 0.5 kg of soybean meal , And 3-4 kg of hay were fed. As a control group, 6 dairy male heifers with an average body weight of 122 kg, a mixture of dry beet pulp containing no active ingredient of 2 kg per day and 0.5 kg of soybean meal per head, and 3 to 3 of the same quality as the test group were used. 4 kg of hay was fed. The body weight was measured every two weeks in both the test group and the control group for comparison. As a result, the difference in body weight at the end of the test was 12 to 15 kg in the test group compared to the control group, and the average value per animal was 13 kg.
It was great. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Table 1]

Test Example 2 The stool scores (5: watery stools, 4: diarrhea stools, 3) of the dairy male heifers of the test and control groups used in Test Example 1 were observed daily. : Soft stool, 2: Mochi-like stool,
1: hard stool) was recorded and the average value per day was compared every two weeks. As a result, the condition of feces during the test period was better in the test section. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[Table 2]

Test Example 3 The daily hay intake of the male dairy heifers in the test group and the control group used in Test Example 1 during the test period was calculated by weighing the amount of leftover food before feeding each morning. The average daily intakes were compared every two weeks. As a result, it was found that the hay intake per head of the test group was higher than that of the control group, and the feed intake was improved. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[Table 3]

Example 3 The method for preparing silage by adsorbing the butyric acid bacterium culture filtrate onto beet pulp is as follows. Thickness 0.2 mm,
One end of a polyethylene tube having a diameter of 100 to 120 cm and a height of 200 to 300 cm is tightly fastened with a gum tape or the like to form a bottom portion, and after adding 300 kg of beet pulp, 600 liters of butyric acid bacteria culture filtrate is further added to the bottom. Leave for ~ 3 hours. Care should be taken not to leave air in the upper part after the culture filtrate has been fully immersed and the beet pulp has swelled. It was folded in half, and this part was fully tightened with a rubber band. The rubber band is a tube made of raw rubber with a diameter of 3 mm and a diameter of 6 to 8
It is cheap and easy to use if you use one that is tied in a cm loop. When the product prepared as described above was left as it was for about 3 weeks, silage with a rich scent that was sufficiently fermented with lactic acid was completed and ready to be fed to livestock. Currently, each dairy farm owns beet pulp as roughage, regardless of whether it is domestically produced or imported. Therefore, if polyethylene tubes are distributed, it is possible to carry out silage with the above-mentioned method only by bringing in the butyric acid bacteria culture filtrate. Can be prepared.

Using the silage obtained in Example 3,
The following tests were conducted. Test Example 4 Six lactating dairy cows having the same body weight, postpartum period, postpartum days, and milk yield as much as possible were used for the test. The test group had an average body weight of 671 kg, a 5-year-old (third childbirth), and an average number of days after delivery of 92
Daily, 3 milking cows with an average milk production of 35 kg per day, 12 kg per day of the silage according to the present invention, 3 kg of hay, 3 kg of hay cubes, 8 k of mixed feed for cows
I was paid g. Average weight of 673 kg, 5 as control
Age (third birth) Average number of days after calving 89 days, 4 kg of beet pulp for 3 milking cows with an average milk production of 37 kg per day
Then, the same amount of hay, hay cube, and mixed feed for dairy cows as the test area was fed. As a result, the amount of milk produced per day in the silage-fed test plot was higher than that in the control plot. Table 4 shows the test results.

[Table 4] (Note) The amount of milk is gradually increased until the peak of lactation (120 to 160 days after delivery).

[0024]

The active ingredient in the culture filtrate of butyric acid bacterium can be recovered by an inexpensive method without losing the effectiveness of the ingredient. Further, by feeding the feed obtained by the invention of claim 1 or 2 to livestock, the increase in weight is increased, the condition of feces is improved, and the feeding of feed is improved. Moreover, the milk amount is increased by feeding the feed obtained by the invention of claim 3 to the milking cow.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing livestock feed, which comprises adsorbing a culture filtrate of butyric acid bacterium to an agricultural processing by-product, and then drying under reduced pressure under a pressure of 600 mmHg or less and a temperature of 80 ° C. or less. 2. A method for producing livestock feed, which comprises adsorbing a culture filtrate of butyric acid bacterium to an agricultural processing by-product and then drying the product under a set temperature of 80 ° C. or lower. 3. A method for producing a livestock feed, which comprises adsorbing a culture filtrate of butyric acid bacterium to an agricultural product processing by-product and then storing it in a sealed state to obtain silage.