JPH0799181B2 - Automatic clutch - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic clutch used in a power transmission system of, for example, a tractor and a rotary working machine.

(Prior Art) For example, when installing a rotary working machine such as a trencher, a rotary tiller, or a mower on an agricultural tractor, the PT of the tractor is used.
The O shaft and the input shaft of the rotary work machine are connected via an automatic clutch, so that when the overload is applied to the rotary work machine, the transmission power is cut off and the transmission of the tractor is not damaged.

The automatic clutch includes a slip clutch, a constant torque clutch, a safety clutch or a torque limiter, and a structure that automatically disengages with a predetermined torque or slips on a friction surface,
There is a destructive type in which the shearpin is sheared.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) The former technique has an advantage that resetting is easy and torque adjustment is easy because torque is transmitted again when the torque becomes equal to or less than the specified torque. However, even when the torque is cut off, slippage occurs at the meshing portion or the friction surface, so that the wear is quick and heat generation and noise occur at the time of slippage.

In the latter technique, wear, heat generation, noise, etc. do not occur, but resetting and torque adjustment are difficult because the damaged shear pin cannot be reset unless it is replaced.

The present invention connects and disconnects the transmitted power by engaging and disengaging the ball provided in the output member with the input member, and when the ball is pushed out from the input member under an excessive load, the ball is re-pressed to the input member side. An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic clutch capable of solving all the above-mentioned conventional problems by being configured so as to limit the above-mentioned problems.

(Means for Solving the Problem) A specific configuration for solving the problem in the present invention is an output member 4 having a plurality of through holes 12 in the circumferential direction in which the balls 3 are partially inserted in a protruding shape; One side is provided with a recess 18 which is axially immovable and concentrically arranged and into which a part of the ball 3 can project, and when the ball 3 projects into this recess 18, power is transmitted to the output member 4. And an input member 2 that rotates relative to the output member 4 by pushing the ball 3 out of the recess 18, and is separated from the output member 4 by the ball 3 that abuts the other side of the output member 4 and is pushed out of the recess 18. An engaging member 5; a torque setting means 6 provided between the output member 4 and the engaging member 5 for elastically pressing the engaging member 5 against the output member 4 and the ball 3 into the recess 18. The engaging member 5 is formed on the side surface of the output member of the joining portion 5.
Rotation means 7 for rotating the engagement member 5 with respect to the output member 4 by a cooperative action with the ball 3 for separating the output member 4 from the output member 4; provided between the output member 4 and the engagement member 5. When the engaging member 5 is in contact with the output member 4, the engaging member 5 cannot rotate, and when the engaging member 5 is separated, the engaging member 5 can be rotated. Ball 3 into recess 18
The rotating means 7 is provided with a locking means 8 for restricting elastic pressure, and the rotating means 7 has a recessed portion 19 with which a position and a peripheral edge 19a abut at a position displaced from the center of the ball 3 extruded from the recess 18 in the circumferential direction of the output member. The recessed portion 19 is rotatable after the engaging member 5 is separated from the output member 4 by the pushing of the ball 3 to the peripheral edge 19a.

(Operation) The power of the input member 2 is transmitted to the output member 4 via the ball 3 partly engaged with the recess 18.

When an excessive load is applied to the output member 4, the input member 2 rotates and pushes the ball 3 out of the recess 18 by overcoming the force of the torque setting means 6 that presses the ball 3 into the recess 18.

The pushed ball 3 separates the engaging member 5 from the output member 4, releases the locking means 8, and simultaneously operates the rotating means 7 to rotate the engaging member 5. That is, since the rotating means 7 is the recessed portion 19 formed in the engaging member 5,
The ball 3 extruded from the concave portion 18 is displaced from the center thereof in the circumferential direction of the output member by the dimension B, and the peripheral edge 19a of the concave portion 19a.
The engaging member 5 is separated from the output member by this pushing motion, and the engaging member 5 is rotated so that the ball 3 fits into the recess 19.

When the engaging member 5 is rotated, the locking means 8 cannot restore itself, the engaging member 5 is maintained in a separated state with a gap C from the output member 4, and the ball 3 is held in the input member 2. Regulates the action of suppressing pressure to the side Therefore, the input member 2 idles with respect to the output member 4 with the balls 3 not engaged,
Rotate without load.

With respect to the output member 4, the concave portion 18 of the input member 2 is the ball 3
The engaging member 5 is reversely rotated to lock the locking means 8 in accordance with the position opposite to the position, and the resetting is performed.

(Example) Hereinafter, the Example of this invention is described based on drawing.

1 to 3, the automatic clutch 1 includes an input member 2,
The ball 3, the output member 4, the engaging member 5, the torque setting means 6, the rotating means 7, the locking means 8 and the like are provided.

In the output member 4, the disc portion 10 and the boss portion 11 are integrally molded. The disc portion 10 is provided with a plurality of through holes 12 at intervals in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. ing. The thickness of the disk portion 10 is smaller than the diameter of the ball 3, so that a part of the ball 3 projects from one side surface of the disk portion 4a. The protrusion amount A of the ball 3 is smaller than the hemisphere.

Further, on one side surface 10a of the disk portion 10, a plurality of circumferentially supporting rods 13 and lock pins are provided at positions out of phase with the through holes 12.
14 and 14 are fixed so as to project to one side. The support gap 13 constitutes a part of the torque setting means 6, and the lock pin 14 constitutes a part of the lock means 8.

The input member 2 is relatively rotatably fitted to the boss portion 11 of the output member 4, and is axially immovable by a holding plate 16 fixed to the end portion of the boss portion 11 via a bolt 15. Reference numeral 17 is a shim interposed between the input member 2 and the pressing plate 16 to adjust the gap between the input member 2 and the disk portion 10.

The input member 2 is formed as a sprocket so that power is transmitted from the driving side, and is concentric with the output member 4. The input member 2 is in contact with the other side surface 10b of the output member 4 and has a recess 18 facing each through hole 12.

A part of the ball 3 can be inserted into the recess 18, and when the recess 18 is formed, power is transmitted from the input member 2 to the output member 4 via the ball 3. When a part of the ball 3 enters the recess 18, it does not protrude from the one side surface 10a of the output member 4.

The engaging member 5 has a disk shape and is in surface contact with one side surface 10a of the output member 4, and a concave portion 19 and an engaging concave portion 20 are formed on the side surface facing the output member 4 and also penetrates. The long hole 21 is formed.

The lock pin 14 is engaged with the engagement recess 20 and the lock means 8 is constituted by both of them, and the engagement portion 5 is rotated relative to the output member 4 in a lock operation state in which both are engaged. It becomes impossible and rotates integrally. The locking means 8 is released by separating the engaging portion 5 from the output member 4.

The recessed portions 19 are formed in the same number as the balls 3, and when the locking means 8 is locked, the dimension B is measured in the circumferential direction of the output member 4.
Only the center of the through hole 12 is offset. This deviation B is smaller than the radius of the recessed portion 19, so that the ball 3 has a recessed portion.
When pushed by the peripheral edge 19a of the 19, the engaging member 5 is separated from the output member 4 in the axial direction α (clutch rotation axis direction).
And a force in the circumferential direction β at which the inner part of the hollow shaft fits on the ball 3.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, when the output member 4 receives an excessive load and the input member 2 starts to rotate relative to each other, the ball 3 is pushed out from the recess 18 and protrudes toward the one side surface 10a of the output member 4. , The engaging member 5 is pressed.

Even if the ball 3 is pressed by the engagement member 5, if the lock pin 14 is engaged with the engagement recess 20, the force in the circumferential direction β is blocked, and the engagement member 5 moves from the output member 4 in the axial direction. When the lock pin 14 and the engagement recess 20 are disengaged from each other by the distance α, the engagement member 5 is rotated by the force in the circumferential direction β, and the recess 19 is brought into contact with the ball 3. Mating.

The engaging member 5 is separated from the output member 4 by an amount substantially corresponding to the protrusion amount A of the ball 3, but when the engaging member 5 is rotated, the engaging member 5 approaches the output member 4 by the amount of fitting the recessed portion 19. However, the front end of the lock pin 14 abuts on the engaging member 5 before the inner part of the recessed portion 19 abuts the ball 3 to form a gap C between the output member 4 and the engaging member 5. Regulate return.

That is, the sum of the protrusion amount of the lock pin 14 (same as the size of the gap C) and the recess amount E of the recess 19 is the protrusion amount A of the ball 3.
As large as the above, the ball 3 is not elastically pressed toward the input member 2 when the engaging member 5 is rotated and abuts the lock pin 14 (shown in FIGS. 6 to 8). In this way, the lock means 8 also has a function of maintaining the state in which the engagement member 5 is separated from the output member 4 by the gap C.

The elongated hole 21 is fitted to the support rod 13, regulates the radial position of the engaging member 5 with respect to the output member 4, and is provided with a circumferentially recessed portion 19 for fitting the ball 3 in a rotational direction. Motion is allowed.

The rotating means 7 is composed of the recessed portion 19, the arrangement of the recessed portion 19, the long hole 21, and the like.

The torque setting means 6 is a pressing member 2 provided on the support rod 13.
3, the spring 24, the nut 25 and the like. The pressing member 23 is disk-shaped, has a hole 30 that fits into the support rod 13, is in contact with the engaging member 5 via a thrust bearing 31, and the nut 25 is screwed onto the support rod 13. The spring 24 is interposed between the pressing member 23 and the nut 25, and elastically presses the pressing member 23 toward the engaging member 5.

The torque setting means 6 is in the lock operating state of the lock means 8,
At the same time as pressing the engaging member 5 against the output member 4, the ball 3
Is pressed against the input member 2 to generate resistance when the ball 3 is pushed out from the recess 18. Therefore, when the position of the nut 25 is adjusted, the elastic force of the spring 24 is adjusted, and the set torque when the input member 2 starts rotating relative to the output member 4 is adjusted.

The input member 2 and the output member 4 are provided with star marks 32 and V-groove marks 33, which coincide with each other in a torque transmitting state in which the balls 3 are engaged with the recesses 18, on their outer peripheral portions, In addition, the engaging member 5 and the pressing member 23 have notches which are formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the engaging members 5 when the lock pins 14 are engaged with the engaging recesses 20.
34,35 are formed.

When the torque is cut off, the star mark 32 deviates from the V groove mark 33 and becomes indefinite, and the notches 34 and 35 are displaced by a distance substantially equal to the dimension B. These are for resetting the automatic clutch 1. When the input member 2 is rotated with the output member 4 as a reference to align the star mark 32 with the V-groove mark 33, the recess 18 is formed into the through hole 12. The ball 3 can be inserted into the notch 35 of the pressing member 23 which cannot rotate with respect to the output member 4, and a rod or the like is engaged with the notch 35 so that the tip of the rod is engaged with the notch 34. When the engaging member 5 is rotated by the lever action and the notches 34 and 35 are aligned with each other, the engaging member 5 is elastically pressed by the spring 24.
The engaging recess 20 fits into the lock pin 14, and the recess 19 is displaced to elastically press the ball 3 into the recess 18.

Next, the operation of the automatic clutch 1 will be described.

The torque of the input member 2 is transmitted to the output member 4 via the ball 3, and an excessive load is applied to the output member 4 side, so that the input member 2
When the force that pushes the ball 3 out of the recess 18 by the force overcomes the set pressure of the spring 24, the ball 3 moves to the first or second position.
It is pushed out from the state where it enters the concave portion 18 in the figure, and contacts the side surface of the input member 2 as shown in FIGS.

As the ball 3 is pushed out of the recess 18, the ball 3
The recessed portion 19 cooperates with each other to engage the engaging member 5 and the pressing member.
23 and 23 are separated from the output member 4 in the axial direction α against the spring 24. As a result, the engagement recess 20 of the engagement member 5 is fitted into and removed from the lock pin 14, and the engagement member 5 becomes rotatable relative to the output member 4.

As shown in FIG. 5, the engaging member 5 has a peripheral edge 19a of the recessed portion 19.
Is in contact with the ball 3, so that when the engagement recess 20 and the lock pin 14 are released from each other, the elastic force of the spring 24 causes the inner portion of the recess 19 to contact the ball 3. The engaging member 5 is rotated in the circumferential direction β.

When the engaging member 5 rotates in the circumferential direction β and the inner part of the recessed portion 19 faces the ball 3, the engaging member 5 approaches the output member 4 by a substantially recessed amount E, and its side surface rides on the lock pin 14, and the sixth and seventh portions are engaged. As shown in the figure, a gap C is left between the output member 4 and the engaging member 5.

The through hole 12 of the output member 4, the gap C, and the recess amount E of the recessed portion 19 form a non-acting space for the ball 3 to form a recess.
The input member 2 rotates without load with respect to the output member 4 because it is not pushed back to 18, and therefore there is no member that transmits torque from the input member 2 to the output member 4.

Reset the automatic clutch 1 after slipping by using the input member 2
And rotate the star-shaped mark 32 to the V-groove mark 33 of the output member 4.
And the recess 18 is aligned with the through hole 12. Next, the engaging member 5 is rotated with respect to the pressing member 23 through the notches 34 and 35 to shift the recessed portion 19 from the center of the through hole 12 in the circumferential direction, and the engaging recessed portion 20 to the lock pin. Face 14

The engagement member 5 is engaged with the engagement recess 20 by the spring of the spring 24.
Is engaged with the lock pin 14, the gap C is eliminated, and the recess 19 is displaced from the through hole 12, so that the ball 3 is engaged with the recess 18.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment,
It can be variously modified. For example, power may be input from the output member 4 and taken out from the input member 2, the input member 2 and the output member 4 may be formed as a gear, or may be formed as a flange integral with the shaft, and the locking means may be used. 8, the lock pin 14 may be fixed to the engaging member 5 side, and the torque setting means 6 may be formed by a countersunk that fits the pressing member 23 to each supporting rod 13, or one piece instead of the plurality of springs 24. The disc spring may be used, or the notch 35 may be formed in the output member 4.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention described in detail above, when an excessive load is applied to the output member 4, the engagement member 5 is separated from the output member 4 and the ball 3 is not elastically pressed toward the input member 2 side. Therefore, the ball 3 is no longer engaged with the concave portion 18 of the input member 2, and the input member 2 can freely rotate with respect to the output member 4 without receiving resistance to interrupt torque transmission. When shutting off, the input member 2 rotates with no load, the input / output members 2 and 4 are not worn, and heat and noise are not generated, and the durability can be improved.

Further, the resetting can be performed only by rotating the input member 2 and the engaging member 5 with respect to the output member 4 and aligning them with the ball 3, so that the resetting work can be extremely facilitated.

Further, since the torque setting means 6 elastically presses the engaging member 5 against the output member 4 and elastically presses the ball 3 into the concave portion 18, the setting torque can be adjusted only by changing the elastic force. As with the conventional slip clutch, the setting can be easily performed.

Furthermore, the rotating means 7 has a recessed portion 19 with which the peripheral edge 19a and a position displaced from the center of the ball 3 extruded from the recess 18 in the circumferential direction of the output member come into contact, and the recessed portion 19 has the ball 3
Since the engaging member 5 is rotatable after being separated from the output member 4 by pushing the engaging member 5 to the peripheral edge 19a by the ball 3, the engaging member 5 is reliably rotated after separating the engaging member 5 from the output member 4 by the ball 3. As a result, the transition from the torque transmission state to the torque cutoff state can be performed reliably and smoothly.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 1 to 3 show a torque transmission state, FIG. 1 is an axial sectional explanatory view, FIG. 2 is a circumferential sectional explanatory view, and FIG. 3 is FIG. 3I to 3IV are cross-sectional views corresponding to lines I-I to IV-IV in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are axial cross-sectional views at the start of torque cutoff, respectively. 6 and 8 are sectional explanatory views in a torque cutoff state, FIG. 6 is an axial sectional explanatory view, FIG. 7 is a circumferential sectional explanatory view, and FIG. 8 is a sectional sectional view of FIG. 8V and 8VI are sectional cross-sectional views corresponding to the lines VV and VI-VI in FIG. 1 ... Automatic clutch, 2 ... Input member, 3 ... Ball,
4 ... Output member, 5 ... Engagement member, 6 ... Torque setting means, 7 ... Rotating means, 8 ... Locking means, 12 ... Through hole, 13 ... Support rod, 14 ... Lock pin , 18 …… recess, 19
...... Dimple part, 20 ...... engagement concave part, A ...... projection amount, C ......
gap.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An output member (4) having a plurality of through holes (12) in which a ball (3) is inserted in a partially protruding shape in the circumferential direction; and an axially immovable one side of the output member (4) and The recesses (1
8), the ball (3) projects into the recess (18) to transmit power to the output member (4), and the recess (1).
An input member (2) that rotates relative to the output member (4) by pushing the ball (3) out of 8); a ball that abuts on the other side of the output member (4) and is pushed out from the recess (18) An engaging member (5) separated from the output member (4) by (3); provided between the output member (4) and the engaging member (5) and outputting the engaging member (5) Torque setting means (6) for elastically pressing the ball (3) to the recess (18) by elastically pressing the member (4).
And an engaging member (5) by a cooperation action with a ball (3) formed on the output member side surface of the engaging member (5) and separating the engaging member (5) from the output member (4). Rotation means (7) for rotating the output member (4) with respect to the output member (4); and the engagement member (5) provided between the output member (4) and the engagement member (5). With respect to (4), it is made impossible to rotate when it is in contact, and it is possible to rotate when it is separated, and a gap (C) is formed between both members (4) and (5) when separated and rotated. Locking means (8) for restricting the elastic pressure of the ball (3) to the recess (18), and the rotating means (7) is the center of the ball (3) extruded from the recess (18). Has a recessed portion (19) with which the position and the peripheral edge (19a) are in contact with each other in the circumferential direction of the output member, and the recessed portion (19) is formed by the peripheral edge (19a Automatic clutch, characterized that it is rotatable After separating the engagement member (5) from the output member (4) by pushing on.