JPH0784137B2 - slide door - Google Patents

Description

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention is used in the field of sliding doors of automobiles and other vehicles and aircraft, and in particular, enables opening and closing the doors of cab-over type automobiles or passenger cars slidably in the front-rear direction. Regarding the sliding door.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a sliding door installed in a cab-over vehicle or a wagon vehicle has a minimum space required for opening and closing the door, and is capable of lifting and lowering people and unloading work. Various types are provided to satisfy the two purposes of. Among these slide doors, an arm that can swing horizontally toward the outside is attached to the vehicle body side, and the tip of this arm is rotatably supported by a sliding portion provided inside the door. In this structure, by rotating the arm around the fulcrum on the vehicle body side,
From the closed state, open the door by pushing it to the outside of the door by at least the thickness of the outside of the door, and then operate it in the opposite direction to close it. The sliding part was used to slide the door back and forth.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention According to the conventional structure described above, the arm is provided for the purpose of minimizing the space required for opening and closing the door, that is, for preventing the door from protruding more than necessary from the vehicle body. It is necessary to make the length of the door as short as possible, and at the same time, the position in which the arm is proliferated with respect to the door minimizes the space where the door is rotationally displaced to the outside of the vehicle body, that is, the front arm and the rear arm. In order to make the length as small as possible, the position is inevitably biased rearward from the center of gravity of the door. Also, since the arm support for the door is also used as the door sliding part, the arm itself and the arm The load of the door is unevenly applied to the shaft fulcrum and the part where the arm and the sliding part are connected, and the arm and each shaft fulcrum are twisted together with the outward tilt of the door due to the eccentric support. , It is easy to wear and damage each part, Accordingly, there is a problem that the door cannot be swung and slid smoothly.

In addition, there is a mechanism of swing regulation or sliding regulation for performing a two-stage operation of swinging the arm to deploy the rail together with the door to the outside of the vehicle body and then sliding the door and the rail with moderation. Since there is no mechanism to prevent the reverse operation of the arm at the start of sliding the door immediately after the arm and rail are deployed, the arm or door is touched immediately after the pivotal deployment or immediately after the sliding to close the door is finished. If a force in the opposite direction is applied from the outside, the arm or door will operate in the opposite direction, and there is a risk that the operator's finger or hand will be caught between the door or rail and the vehicle body opening. In some cases, there was a problem that the degree of danger and damage would increase.

The present invention provides a support arm that supports a door separately from a positioning arm that performs a swinging action of the door, and supports the vicinity of the center of gravity of the door by the support arm, thereby uniformly supporting and positioning the door and a sliding arm. The load on the moving part and the twist of each arm are reduced, and the swivel and sliding when opening and closing the door are distinctly performed with moderation, and at the same time, both functions are smoothly inherited. Kind of door to maintain smooth operation and durability, and also to catch a finger or hand due to reverse operation that may occur immediately after the arm and rail are swung and deployed or after sliding to close the door. The purpose is to prevent.

Means for Solving Problems A structure of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. A mounting bracket (2) is provided inside a peripheral edge of a door opening in a vehicle body (1), and a front support arm with a shaft (21) as a fulcrum. (3a) and the rear support arm (3b) are freely bendable, and the support arm (3)
And the rear end (3c) of the rear support arm (3b) is connected to the shaft (2
2) is pivotally supported horizontally by the 2) and the front support arm (3
The tip (3d) of a) is pivotally supported horizontally by a shaft (23) on a bracket (5) fixed near the center of gravity of the door (4), and between the bracket (2) and the door (4). The support arm is interposed between the two. In the mounting bracket (2), the base end (6a) of the front arm (6) having the same length as the front support arm (3a) is pivotally supported by a shaft (24) so that it can be horizontally swiveled. A step portion (2a) for suppressing the turning of the front arm (6) to 90 degrees is formed in (2), and a rear arm (7) having the same length as the front arm (6) is parallel to the front arm (6). Base end (7a) to allow horizontal and horizontal rotation
Is supported coaxially with the shaft (22) of the rear support arm (3b). The front end (6b) of the front arm (6) is rotatably supported by a shaft (25) on a rail receiving bracket (8) having a U-shaped cross section, and the front end (7b) of the rear arm (7) is connected to the shaft ( 17) A rail support bracket (8) is rotatably supported by a rail support bracket (8) at the center thereof, and a lever (9) is fixed to the rear arm (7) in a horizontal direction orthogonal to the rear arm (7). Lever (9)
A protrusion (10) is hung on the tip of. Engagement in the rail receiving bracket (8) to engage and disengage with the protrusion (10) of the lever (9) when the forearm (6) is rotated 90 degrees and protrudes from the vehicle body (1). The arm lock (12) having the portion (12a) is pivotally supported by the shaft (26) and one end (11a) of the spring (11) is armed so as to constantly press the arm lock (12) toward the protrusion (10). The lock (12) is locked and the other end (11b) is locked to the rail receiving bracket (8). Rollers (27) (27) are planted on the upper surface of the rail receiving bracket (8) so that they can rotate freely, and the section horizontally fixed inside the door (4) in the front-rear direction of the vehicle faces downward. The rails (13) are shaped like the above-mentioned rollers (27) (2
7) ... is slidably installed on the rail (13) and a part of a side wall (13a) of the door side of the rail (13) is continuously connected downward to form an extended portion (13b). A stopper portion (14) described later is horizontally provided below the rail receiving bracket (8) below the portion (13b) so as to face the rail (13). As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the stopper portion (14) has a protrusion (1) on the lever (9) in the forward and backward direction of the rail (13).
(0) guiding groove (15) and a turning guiding groove (16) communicating with the guiding groove (15) and guiding the projection (10) at the time of turning, are engraved toward the passenger compartment and A guide wall (15a) is formed along the guide (15), and a protrusion (15b) is formed following the guide wall (15a). Then, the swivel guide groove (1) of the guide wall (15a)
On the 6) side, a turning guide portion (15c) is formed toward the vehicle body (1) side along the turning guide groove (16) in order to ensure proper displacement of the protrusion (10) of the lever (9) during turning. To do. Further, in the stopper portion (14), when the rail (13) is moved rearward of the guide groove (15), it abuts against the shaft (17) of the tip (7b) of the rear arm (7). A slide lock (20) is rotatably supported by a shaft (28), and the tip of the slide lock (20) is the tip (7b) of the rear arm (7). ) Has an arcuate notch (19) that engages and disengages with the shaft (17). Furthermore, one end (29a) of the spring (29)
Is locked to the slide lock (20) and the other end (29b) is locked to the stopper portion (14) so that the slide lock (20) is pressed against the shaft (17). The operation of opening the door will be described. When the door (4) is pushed from the inside of the vehicle or pulled from the outside of the vehicle as shown in FIG. 5 from the closed state of the door of FIG. The front support arm (3a) supporting the door (4) along with the displacement of the shaft (23) horizontally swings outward about the shaft (21), and at the same time, the front arm for positioning. (6) is the shaft (24) and the rear arm (7)
Respectively pivot horizontally outwardly around the shaft (22), and the base end (6a) of the front arm (6) of the mounting bracket (2) is rotated 90 degrees with respect to the mounting bracket (2). The door (4) is positioned parallel to the vehicle body (1) outside the vehicle body with an interval corresponding to the length of the rear arm (7), while the door (4) abuts against the step portion (2a) and stops. From the state shown in Fig. 4 where the door is closed to the state before the state shown in Fig. 5 where the door is displaced to the outside of the vehicle body, the rail (13) is extended through the extension (13b). The protrusion (18) of the stopper part (14) provided integrally with the abutment abuts against one side of the shaft (17) that pivotally supports the tip (7b) of the rear arm (7), and the stopper part (14) Since the notch (19) of the pivotally supported slide lock (20) abuts the other side of the shaft (17), the rail (13) and the door (4) which are integral with the stopper (14) are mounted on the vehicle body. It does not slide forward (to the left in FIG. 5) or backward (to the right in FIG. 5).

Then, as the rear arm (7) rotates about the shafts (17) and (22) as a fulcrum, the lever (9) fixed orthogonally to the rear arm (7) is displaced rearward, and the lever (9) moves. The protrusion (10) at the tip is displaced from the swivel guide groove (16) of the stopper portion (14) onto the guide groove (15). During this time, one side of the protrusion (10) contacts the side edge (20a) of the slide lock (20) and rotates the slide lock (20) counterclockwise against the elasticity of the spring (29). Notch (19) gradually increases in shaft (17)
, But the other side of the protrusion (10) is
Since it abuts against the inner surface of the swivel guide (15c) connected to 4), neither the stopper (14) nor the rail (13) moves backward.

When the rear arm (7) turns 90 degrees and then stops, the protrusion (10) is located on the sliding line of the rail (13).
In this state, open the door (4) behind the vehicle body (1) (on the right in the figure).
When pushed toward, the rail (13) slides on the rail receiving bracket (8) as the rollers (27) provided on the rail receiving bracket (8) rotate together with the door (4) as shown in FIG. It moves and starts moving rearward (to the right in the figure) with the stopper portion (14) and the slide lock (20).
Then, when the slide lock (20) moves while pressing the side edge (20a) against the shaft (17) of the rear arm (7) by the elastic force of the spring (29) and reaches the rear of the shaft (17), FIG. It is rotated clockwise again by the elastic force of the spring (29).

On the other hand, the arm lock (12) provided on the rail receiving bracket (8) is urged to rotate counterclockwise by the elasticity of the spring (11), but as shown in FIG. 12b) the protrusion (15) of the guide wall (15a) of the guide groove (15)
It has been hit against b) and is prevented from rotating. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, as the stopper portion (14) moves rearward together with the rail (13), the protruding portion (15b) becomes the arm lock (12).
Since the restriction is released away from the corner (12b) of the spring (1
The elastic force of 1) causes it to rotate counterclockwise, and as shown in FIG. 7, the engaging portion (12a) engages with the protrusion (10), and the rear arm (7)
Is completely prevented from reversing, and at the same time, the front arm (6) and the rear arm (7) are rotated 90 degrees without being affected by the sliding of the door (4) and the rail (13) and the vibration at that time. And the rail receiving bracket (8) is also fixed in position.

Furthermore, the front support arm (3a) that was rotated 90 degrees clockwise.
Rotates about the shafts (21) and (23) as the rail (13) starts sliding toward the rear of the vehicle body, and when the rail (13) slides, the rear support arm (3b) also rotates on the shaft (22). Starting to rotate around the fulcrum, bend it into a V shape as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, and further open the door (4) rearward so that the rail (13) together with the door (4) When slid, the rear support arm (3b) rotates 90 degrees clockwise, and the front support arm (3a) coincides with the sliding direction line of the rail (13). Furthermore, as shown in FIG. The door (4) is fully opened when the rail (13) is slid until the (3a) makes an obtuse angle with the rear support arm (3b).

Next, the case of closing the door (4) will be described. When the door (4) is pushed forward (left in the drawing) outside the vehicle or pulled inside the vehicle, the rail (13) rotates the roller (27). As it is displaced forward, both the stopper portion (14) and the slide lock (20) are displaced forward. Eventually, when the guide groove (15) reaches the position where it passes through the projection (10), the side edge (20a) of the slide lock (20) moves to the front side where it abuts against the shaft (17) and slides. Therefore, it can be rotated counterclockwise against the elasticity of the spring (29).

During this time, the protrusion (1) of the guide wall (15a) on the side of the guide groove (15)
5b) collides with the corner (12b) of the arm lock (12), the stopper part (14) moves forward, and the arm lock (12) rotates clockwise against the elastic force of the spring (11). As it is moved, the arm lock (12) is gradually disengaged from the protrusion (10) (Fig. 6). However, the guide wall (15a) is already present at this point.
Has reached a position where it comes into contact with the side surface of the protrusion (10), and therefore tries to rotate the rear arm (7) counterclockwise when the door (4) and the rail (13) move forward. Even if force is applied, the projection (10) abuts against the guide wall (15a), and the rear arm (7) is still in the orthogonal state without rotating.

Further, when the stopper (14) is displaced forward together with the rail (13), the swivel guide groove (16) approaches the projection (10), the projection (10) is separated from the guide wall (15a), and the rear arm (7) is removed. It becomes possible to turn counterclockwise. During this time, the protrusion (10) is still in contact with the side edge (20a) of the slide lock (20), but when the rear arm (7) starts rotating counterclockwise, the lever (9) is also displaced and the protrusion ( Since the slide lock (20) is displaced outward along the swivel guide groove (16), the slide lock (20) is rotated clockwise by the elasticity of the spring (29), and the notch (19) is eventually formed. It engages with the shaft (17), and at the same time, the projection (18) of the stopper (14) abuts against the shaft (17), and in this state, the rail (13) is prevented from sliding in the front-rear direction. .

During this time, the rear arm (7) rotates counterclockwise from the state perpendicular to the rail (13) as shown in FIG. 2, and the intermediate shaft (21) of the support arm (3) draws an arc locus. Is displaced,
The front support arm (3a) and the rear support arm (3b) are bent in a horizontal V shape, but when the rear support arm (3b) reaches a state substantially parallel to the vehicle body, the front support arm (3a) is railed. It is at a right angle to (13). In this state, as described above, the projection (18) of the stopper (14) abuts the shaft (17) of the rear arm (7) and the notch (19) of the slide lock (20) engages. Then, the rail (13) is prevented from sliding, and the protrusion (15b) of the guide wall (15a) abuts the corner (12b) of the arm lock (12), and the spring (11). Since the engaging portion (12a) is disengaged from the projection (10) by displacing the arm lock (12) clockwise in opposition to the elastic force of the lever (9), the lever (9) accompanying the turning of the rear arm (7). As well as protrusions (10)
Since it is also possible to rotate the door, the force to move the door (4) and the rail (13) to the front is applied to the front arm (6), the rear arm (7) and the front support arm (3a). Acting as a force to rotate the shafts (22), (24) and (21) counterclockwise respectively, and the lever (9) and the protrusion (10) also rotate with the rotation of the rear arm (7). Rotated counterclockwise,
The door (4) swivels and closes (Fig. 1).

Effect According to the present invention, the door being opened and closed is supported by the front support arm and the rear support arm, and the door is pivoted and slid by the front and rear arms for positioning, respectively. Since the distinction is made, the load of the door is not applied to the front arm or the rear arm during the swinging and sliding of the door, and the support of the door by the front support arm should be performed near the center of gravity of the door. Since the load of the door is prevented from being unevenly applied to the front support arm, twisting of the front support arm, the front arm, and the rear arm is prevented, and accordingly, the swing and slide of the door are smoothly performed. It can withstand long-term use.

Also, while rotating the front arm and rear arm for positioning to open the door and rotating the door, the notch of the slide lock and the protrusion of the stopper collide with the axis of the rear arm. Since the rail does not slide and the notch of the slide lock begins to come off the protrusion just before the rear arm and the rear arm have finished turning, the protrusion abuts the turning guide of the guide wall. Therefore, even in this case, the rail does not slide. Further, when the door finishes turning and starts sliding rearward, the engaging portion of the arm lock engages with the projection integrated with the rear arm, so that the reverse turning of the front arm and the rear arm is prevented, and during the turning of the door. Since the door does not slide in the front-back direction or swing while the door slides in the front-back direction,
There is no danger that the operator or accompanying infant will get their fingers or hands caught between the door or rail and the opening of the vehicle body, and also the outer surface of the vehicle body will not be damaged.

Also, when closing the door, the front arm and rear arm do not rotate by the arm lock while sliding the door forward as before, and the arm lock does not move immediately before the end of sliding and turning. Although it starts to come off from the protrusion, the protrusion and the rear arm do not rotate counterclockwise in the same manner as during the period from when the door is opened to when it shifts to sliding, so the lever and rear arm do not rotate in the counterclockwise direction. When the robot finishes sliding forward and shifts to the turning, the stopper part abuts on the axis of the rear arm and the notch of the slide lock engages at the same time, so that the sliding of the rail is prevented and the reverse turning of the rear arm is prevented. It will be possible.
Therefore, slide lock, stopper, arm lock,
The rotation of the arm or door and the sliding of the rail or door are distinguished by the protrusion or the protruding portion of the guide wall, and the swing and the sliding are simultaneously performed even when the swing and the sliding change when the door is opened and closed. In this case as well, there is no risk of pinching a finger or hand and damage to the outer side surface of the vehicle body. Therefore, when the door is opened and closed, the swing displacement motion and the sliding displacement motion of the door and the rail are surely performed individually and at the same time, the two motions are smoothly taken over and the safety during operation is maintained. Be drunk

Further, in the present invention, since the door is supported by both the front support arm and the rear support arm that are bent via the shaft,
Compared with the conventional one supported by the positioning arm, the sliding resistance is small, and the load fluctuation applied to the supporting mechanism is small. As a result, the opening distance of the door is long, and when the present invention is applied to the side door, Of course, even when applied to the rear door of an automobile, the door opening can be fully opened to make full use of it to smoothly move people and cargo up and down. Because
The space required outside the vehicle body when opening and closing the doors is small, and even when other vehicles or cargoes are adjacent to the narrow parking lot or the side of the vehicle body, the doors are opened or closed, people are lifted and cargos are moved. Since it can be loaded and unloaded without any trouble, its range of use is large.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side view of a driver's cab of an automobile equipped with a sliding door of the present invention.
The left side door is removed and the right side door is seen through. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the operation of each arm, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the state in which the door is pushed outward, viewed from the inside of the vehicle, and FIG.
1 is a plan view showing a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a state where the door is pivotally displaced, and FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a state where the pivotally displaced door is sliding. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a state where the door starts sliding, FIG. 8 is a side view of the device shown in FIG. 4 as seen from the passenger compartment side, and FIG. 9 is Y- in FIG.
It is a Y-line longitudinal cross-sectional view. Reference numeral: 1 ... Vehicle body, 10 ... Projection 2 ... Mounting bracket, 11 ... Spring 2a ... Step, 11a ... One end 3 ... Support arm, 11b ... Other end 3a ... Front support arm, 12 …… Arm lock 3b …… Rear support arm, 12a …… Engagement part 3c …… Base end, 12b …… Corner corner 3d …… Front end, 13 …… Rail 4 …… Door, 13a …… Side wall 5 …… Bracket , 13b ...... extended part 5a ...... inner surface, 14 ...... stopper part 6 ...... front arm, 15 …… guide groove 6a …… base end, 15a …… guide wall 6b …… tip, 15b …… projection part 7 …… Rear arm, 15c …… Swiveling guide 7a …… Base end, 16 …… Swiveling guide groove 7b …… Tip, 17 …… Shaft 8 …… Rail receiving bracket, 18 …… Projection 9 …… Lever, 19 ...... Notch 20 …… Slide lock, 26 …… Shaft 20a …… Side edge, 27 …… Roller 21 …… Axis, 28 …… Axis 22 …… Axis, 29 …… Spring 23 …… Axis, 29a …… One end 24 …… axis, 29b …… other end 25… Axis

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A turning mechanism in which both ends of a positioning front arm and a rear arm whose one end is pivotally supported by a vehicle body are rotatably supported by a mounting bracket and a rail receiving bracket, respectively.
By a sliding mechanism in which a rail attached to the door is slidably installed on the rail receiving bracket, the door is swung outward from the closed position to the side of the vehicle body, and then slid in the front-back direction of the vehicle body to open and close. In the sliding door, the front support arm and the rear support arm are horizontally rotatably rotatably supported to form the support arm in a bendable manner, and the tip of the front support arm is positioned at the center of gravity of the door (4). It is rotatably supported horizontally through a bracket, the base end of the rear support arm is mounted on the mounting bracket coaxially with the base end of the rear arm, and a protrusion is attached to the lever connected to the tip of the rear arm. An arm lock that engages and disengages with the protrusion by spring elasticity is pivotally supported on the rail receiving bracket, and a stopper portion is provided on the rail via an extended portion, and the stopper passes through the protrusion when the rail slides. You The guide groove (15) and a turning guide groove which communicates with the guide groove (15) and through which the protrusion (10) passes at the time of turning are formed, and the stopper portion (14) is provided on the sliding line of the rail (13). ), A protrusion (18) that abuts against the shaft of the tip of the rear arm and restricts forward sliding of the rail (13),
Furthermore, due to the elasticity of the spring (29), the shaft (1
Slide lock (2) with notch (19) that engages and disengages with (7)
Sliding door with 0) pivotally supported on the stopper (14).