JPH0778216B2 - Antioxidant composition - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to antioxidant compositions for foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.

2. Description of the Related Art In general, foods, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics or their base materials are said to be good if they are not colored, changed in odor, deteriorated or deteriorated by oxidation. Therefore, conventionally, for example, dibutylhydroxytoluene (BHT), butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), tocopherol, propyl gallate, etc. have been used as antioxidants to prevent oxidation.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The most commonly used means for preventing the deterioration of fats and oils is the addition of antioxidants. Synthetic antioxidants, especially BHA, have strong antioxidant properties, but their use is limited due to safety issues. In addition, natural products are said to have higher safety than synthetic products, but tocopherol is inferior to synthetic products in terms of stability in food and antioxidant power, and spice extract is antioxidant. Although excellent in power, it has a unique flavor and therefore can be used only for foods that can advantageously utilize the flavor.

The present invention is a novel antioxidant that does not have the drawbacks found in the conventional antioxidants as described above, that is, it is a highly safe substance consisting of a substance derived from a natural product, and its use is not limited, and its antioxidant power is high. To provide an excellent antioxidant.

In view of such circumstances, the present inventors have conducted earnest studies on the oxidation prevention of foods, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics or their base materials, and as a result, have found that foods, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics or their base materials have a solvent extract of Ganoderma lucidum or / and It was found that by adding the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent in a specific ratio, the oxidation was significantly suppressed and the deterioration of quality was prevented, and as a result of further research, the present invention was completed. It was

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention relates to an antioxidant composition for foods, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics or a base material thereof, which comprises a solvent extract of Ganoderma lucidum and / or a residue obtained by distilling off the solvent. It is a thing.

The ganoderma lucidum used in the present invention refers to a mushroom having a scientific name (Ganodermalucidum karst), which is a basidiomycete, Hydrangeaceae, Sarnophoraceae, Ganoderma sp., Ganoderma genus. Examples of Ganoderma lucidum include, for example, black turf, red turf, purple turf, blue turf, yellow turf, and white turf.

The solvent extract of Ganoderma lucidum of the present invention or / and the residue obtained by distilling off the solvent is one obtained by extracting one or more fruit bodies or mycelia of Ganoderma lucidum with a solvent. As the solvent, for example, water, alcohols (methanol,
Solvents such as ethanol, propanol, etc., ethers (diethyl ether, etc.), ketones (acetone, etc.), hydrocarbons (hexane, heptane, etc.) can be used.

It may be extracted using one or a mixed solvent of two or more of these solvents, and may be extracted by heating or may be extracted by normal temperature. The residue of the solvent extract is a concentrated extract, but the degree of concentration is not particularly limited, and may be viscous or dried.

The term "oxidation" as used in the present invention means to exhibit so-called rancidity phenomenon in which molecular oxygen in the air is absorbed to cause autooxidation.

The foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics of the present invention include oils and fats, waxes,
Manufactured using hydrocarbons, fatty acids, alcohols, esters, amines, amides, metal soaps, processed oils and fats such as surfactants, flavors, gums and water-soluble polymer compounds, or vitamins as a base material. Refers to processed products.

Examples of fats and oils as the base material include avocado oil,
Almond oil, olive oil, sesame oil, safflower oil, soybean oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil, castor oil, peanut oil,
Palm oil etc. are mentioned.

Examples of waxes include beeswax, carnauba wax,
Examples include whale wax, lanolin, and candelilla wax.

Examples of the hydrocarbons include liquid paraffin, petrolatum, squalane and the like.

Examples of fatty acids include lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, γ-linolenic acid, and linoleic acid.

Examples of alcohols include lauryl alcohol,
Stearyl alcohol, lanolin alcohol, cholesterol, phytosterol, oleyl alcohol and the like can be mentioned.

Examples of the esters include isopropyl myristate, butyl stearate, hexyl laurate, propylene glycol dioleate, lanolin acetate, oleyl oleate, decyl oleate, octyldodecyl myristate and the like.

Examples of the amine / amide / metal soap include octadecylamine, nonadecylamine, diheptylamine, didodecylamine, tetradecylamine, octylamide, decylamide, zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, and zinc laurate.

Examples of processed oils and fats such as surfactants include, for example, sorbitan fatty acid ester, glycerin fatty acid ester,
Examples thereof include polyglycerin fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene castor oil and hydrogenated castor oil.

Examples of the fragrance include anise oil, ylang-ylang oil, fennel oil, orange oil, black letter oil, cinnamon oil, cedarwood oil, jasmine oil, spearmint oil, rose oil, lavender oil, lemon oil, and their mixed fragrances. .

Examples of gums and water-soluble polymer compounds include gum arabic, guaiac butter, tragacanth gum, quince seed, casein, gelatin, pectin, sodium alginate, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose and the like.

Examples of vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin B ₁ , vitamin B ₂ , vitamin
B ₆ , and so on.

Among processed products manufactured from these base materials as raw materials,
Examples of the food include butter, margarine, edible oil, biscuits, cookies, ice cream, potato chips, ramen, cakes and the like.

Pharmaceuticals include extracts, capsules, granules, powders, eye ointments, suspensions / emulsions, plasters, suppositories, fine granules,
Examples include tablets, syrups, dips / decoctions, injections, eye drops, troches, ointments, poultices, liniments, lotions and the like.

Examples of the cosmetics include pomade, cream, milky lotion, shampoo, perfume, cologne, lotion, foundation, lip balm, lipstick and the like.

The amount of the residue obtained by distilling off the extract of Ganoderma lucidum and / or the solvent thereof used for the purpose of preventing the oxidation of the foods, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics or the base material of the present invention is the same as the processed product or the base material. As a solid component obtained by distilling off the solvent, 0.
It is added in a proportion of 0001 to 10 weight percent, preferably 0.01 to 1 weight percent.

The addition method may be added in advance or may be added during the production, and may be appropriately selected in consideration of workability.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The products to which the method of the present invention is applied are preferable because oxidation is not promoted.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Experimental Examples and Examples. In addition, unless otherwise specified, percent (%) means weight percent.

Experimental Example 1. 20 g of Ganoderma lucidum was crushed, heated and extracted with 100 ml of water for 2 hours three times, decolorized with activated carbon and concentrated to a 5% aqueous solution.

The effect of this composition on the antioxidant power was examined by using the iron rodan method.

Principle: Fe ²⁺ becomes Fe ³⁺ by the peroxide generated by the autoxidation of fats and oils, which reacts with NH ₄ SCN to produce red rodan iron, Fe (SCN) ₃ , so from its absorbance On the contrary, it is a method of determining the amount of peroxide.

Reagent preparation method: Phosphate buffer solution pH 7.0 0.2 M KH ₂ PO ₄ and 0.2 M Na ₂ HPO ₄ aqueous solution were mixed to prepare pH 7.0 with a pH meter.

30% NH ₄ SCN solution To ₃ g of NH ₄ SCN, 7 ml of water was added and dissolved.

0.275 g of 0.02 M ferrous chloride-hydrochloric acid solution FeCl ₂ nH ₂ O was accurately diluted to 100 ml with a 10-fold dilution of special grade hydrochloric acid.

Preparation method of sample solution: Add 0.8 ml of linoleic acid to 40 ml of absolute ethanol to dissolve, and use phosphate buffer, pH 7.0 40 ml
1 ml of Ganoderma lucidum hot water extract was added to make the total volume 100 ml with water. For comparison, a system in which BHT, d1-α-tocopherol and a sample were not added was similarly prepared.

Measurement method: The sample solution was allowed to stand in a 40 ° C. incubator to oxidize the sample, and measurement was performed over time. 30% NH ₄ S in sample solution for measurement
The CN solution and 0.02 M ferrous chloride / hydrochloric acid solution were added to develop color, and the absorbance at 500 nm was measured.

The graph of the measurement results is shown in FIG. As is clear from this figure, the Ganoderma lucidum extract showed a stronger antioxidant effect than BHT.

Experimental Example 2. Using the same Reishi extract as used in Experimental Example 1, the measurement was carried out by the thiobarbituric acid method.

Principle: The thiobarbituric acid method is used to oxidize thiobarbituric acid from its absorbance by utilizing the fact that thiobarbituric acid reacts with malonaldehyde, which is an oxidative decomposition product of fats and oils, to form a red reaction substance with maximum absorption around 530 nm This is a method for quantifying decomposition products.

Reagent preparation method: 20% trichloroacetic acid aqueous solution 5 g of trichloroacetic acid was dissolved in 20 ml of water.

0.67% thiobarbituric acid aqueous solution 0.335 g of thiobarbituric acid was dissolved in 50 ml of water.

Preparation of sample solution: A sample solution was prepared in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1.

Measurement method: In the same manner as in Experimental Example 1, the sample solution was allowed to stand in a 40 ° C incubator to oxidize the sample, and the measurement was performed over time. For the measurement, 20% trichloroacetic acid and 0.67% thiobarbituric acid aqueous solution were added to the sample solution to develop color, and the absorbance at 532 nm was measured.

The graph of the result is shown in FIG. As is clear from the figure, the Reishi extract showed almost the same antioxidant effect as BHT.

Experimental Example 3. 25 g of Ganoderma lucidum was crushed and extracted with 250 ml of methanol by heating twice for 2 hours each, and the solvent was distilled off to obtain 1.09 g of a solid product.

Regarding the antioxidant power of this solid product, the peroxide value was measured by thermally oxidizing linoleic acid and compared with BHT and dl-α-tocopherol.

The measurement method was as follows: 1 g of linoleic acid was added to 0.1 ml of methanol at a ratio of 1 g to make uniform, 1 g of each was placed in a glass dish having a diameter of 4 cm, and the mixture was allowed to stand in a warmer at 60 ° C. for 50 hours to oxidize it. For the peroxide value measurement, the peroxide value measurement method of the standard oil and fat analysis test method (edited by Japan Oil Chemistry Association) was applied mutatis mutandis.

As a result, the suppression rate with BHT 0.05% addition was 93.0%, dl-α
-Tocopherol was 18.1% at the same addition amount, while Reishi Methanol extract had an inhibition rate of 86.6% and 0.1% at the addition of 0.05%.
% Addition, the inhibition rate was 95.5%, which was very good.

The peroxide value increase suppression rate was calculated by the following formula.

Peroxide value increase suppression rate (%) = (A-B) / A x 100 A = Peroxide value of linoleic acid after 50 hours-0 hour peroxide value of linoleic acid B = Percentage of sample after 50 hours Oxide value-0-hour peroxide value of specimen sample Experimental example 4. An acute toxicity test was conducted as a safety test. Use the same samples as those used in Experimental Examples 1 and 2, and use SD
Using a rat strain, the dose of specific body weight was adjusted, and forced oral administration was performed using a metal gastric tube.

The dose is set to 3 dose groups of 32, 40 and 50 ml / kg,
Regarding the number of animals, 12 males and 12 females were provided for each administration group, and the animals were reared and observed for 14 days.

As a result, all males and females in the administration group survived and no deaths were observed. In addition, changes in body weight also showed a steady increase in each administration group,
No abnormalities were observed in appearance or behavior.

Therefore, the LD ₅₀ value is ₅₀ ml / kg or more, which is the highest dose that can be administered, and the toxicity is extremely low, and the LD ₅₀ of BHT is 1700 to 2000 mg / kg.
And Reishi is very safe.

Examples Hereinafter, examples will be described.

Example 1. 20 g of Ganoderma lucidum was crushed and extracted by heating with 100 ml of water three times for 2 hours each to obtain an extract or an extract residue. This composition showed a good antioxidant effect.

Example 2. 100 g of Ganoderma lucidum was crushed and subjected to heat extraction with 500 ml of a mixed solution of water and methanol (1: 1) for 5 hours to obtain an extract or an extract residue.
This composition showed a good antioxidant effect.

Example 3 30 g of Ganoderma lucidum was crushed, 300 ml of ethanol was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 month to obtain an extract or an extract residue. This composition showed a good antioxidant effect.

Example 4. 20 g of Ganoderma lucidum was crushed and extracted with 100 ml of propanol by heating twice for 3 hours to obtain an extract or an extract residue. This composition showed a good antioxidant effect.

Example 5. 20 g of Ganoderma lucidum was crushed and extracted with 100 ml of butanol three times for 2 hours to obtain an extract or an extract residue. This composition showed a good antioxidant effect.

Experimental Example 6. 20 g of Ganoderma lucidum was crushed and subjected to heat extraction with 100 ml of acetone three times for 2 hours to obtain an extract or an extract residue. This composition showed a good antioxidant effect.

Experimental Example 7. 20 g of Reishi were crushed and extracted by heating with 100 ml of hexane three times for 2 hours to obtain an extract or an extract residue. This composition showed a good antioxidant effect.

Example 8. O / W nutrition cream A) Stearic acid 4.0 (%) Cetyl alcohol 3.0 Liquid paraffin 5.5 Vaseline 10.0 Stearate monoglyceride 3.0 Sorbitan monostearate 0.6 B) 1,3-Butylene glycol 6.0 Triethanolamine 1.5 Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan 0.4 Monostearate Purified water 56.0 Reishi citrus hot water extract * 10.0 Preservative Amount C) Fragrance Amount * This liquid contains 5% solids when the solvent is distilled off.

Production method: Oil composition A and aqueous phase component B are each 70 to 75 ° C.
After heat-dissolving, add B to A to emulsify, add C while cooling and mix, and cool to 30 ° C to obtain a product.

Example 9. Emulsion A) Stearic acid 5.0 (%) Cetyl alcohol 5.0 Liquid paraffin 2.0 Stearic acid monoglyceride 1.3 Sorbitan monooleate 1.5 B) Triethanolamine 0.7 1,3-butylene glycol 6.0 Polyoxyethylene sorbitan 0.8 Monooleate Purified water 77.6 Spirit Turf hot-water extract residue * 0.1 Preservative: Appropriate amount C) Perfume: Appropriate amount Manufacturing method: A product is prepared in the same manner as in Example 8.

* When the solvent is distilled off, this extract residue contains 95% of solid content.

Example 10. Biscuit soft flour 600 parts White sucrose 270 parts Shortening 150 parts Ammonium bicarbonate 2.4 parts Sodium bicarbonate 1.2 parts Salt 3.3 parts Water 100 parts Reishi hot water extract residue * 1.3 parts Manufacturing method: Soft flour and shortening are mixed, Further, add white sucrose and mix. Then, water, the residue of the Reishi hot water extract, salt, ammonium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate are added and mixed to form a dough. The dough is rolled to a thickness of 2 mm and molded 2
Roast in an oven at 00 ° C for 8 minutes to obtain a product.

* When the solvent is distilled off, this extract residue contains 70% of solid content.

Example 11. Pound cake 100 parts flour Flour 100 parts Sugar 60 parts Liquid shortening 60 parts Egg white 100 parts Milk 15 parts Fluffing powder 3 parts Reishi hot water extract * 2 parts * This solution contains 5% residue when the solvent is distilled off .

Manufacturing method: Add egg white, sugar, fluidity shortening, add flour, swelling powder, milk, Reishi shiatsu hot water extract, 180-2
Roast in an oven at 00 ° C to obtain products.

Example 12. Edible oil Edible oil 100 parts Reishi ethanol extract residue 0.05 parts

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows that linoleic acid measured by the iron iron rhodanate is oxidized with time. The vertical axis represents absorbance at 500 nm, and the horizontal axis represents time. FIG. 2 shows that linoleic acid measured by the TBA method is oxidized with time. The vertical axis shows the absorbance at 532 nm,
The horizontal axis represents time.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A solvent extract of Ganoderma lucidum or / and a residue obtained by distilling off the solvent thereof, which has an antioxidant ability.