JPH0755294A - Absorption heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Approximately half of the refrigerant vapor 1 generated in the evaporator main body 5 reaches the lower space 16 of the absorber main body 14, and the remaining approximately half of the refrigerant vapor 1 is in the absorber main body 14]. Reaching the upper space 15 of the absorber, the absorbing liquid 3 is absorbed by the absorbing liquid 3 supplied from the absorbing liquid supply pipe 18 into the absorber body 14, and the absorbing liquid 3 reaches a high temperature.
The heated fluid 19 supplied to the heat transfer tube 17 from the heated fluid inlet portion 20 is heated, the non-condensable gas 25 enters the absorber main body 14 together with the refrigerant vapor 1, and the retention space from the upper space 15 and the lower space 16 Since it stays at 26, it is exhausted from the non-condensable gas exhaust port 27. [Effect] By dividing the refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator into the upper communication pipe and the lower communication pipe and guiding them to the absorber side, the refrigerant vapor passing through the heat transfer pipe in the evaporator main body can be reduced, so that flooding is performed. The heat transfer area of the heat transfer tube can be made smaller than that of the conventional one without causing heat generation, the barrel diameter of the evaporator main body can be made smaller, the weight of the entire apparatus can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. .

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an absorption heat exchanger.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, a heat exchange device used in an absorption heat pump is shown in FIG. This figure shows the configuration of the evaporator 40 and the absorber 41. The operation is such that water becomes the refrigerant vapor 43 due to, for example, warm waste water in the evaporator main body 42, and this refrigerant vapor 43 is transferred to the evaporator main body 42.
After going up, the gas and water are separated by the mist separator 45, and after passing through the communication pipe 46, it is guided to the upper part inside the absorber body 47 and absorbed by the solution 49 flowing down inside the heat transfer pipe 48.

The heat transfer area of the heat transfer tube 44 in the evaporator body 42 is set to about half the heat transfer area of the heat transfer tube 48 in the absorber body 47. Note that the refrigerant vapor contains a non-condensable gas (a gas generated by metal corrosion or a gas caused by the inflow of air), and since the non-condensable gas collects in the lower part of the absorber body 47, It is discharged outside the device at any time by a pump or the like.

[0004]

In the above conventional heat exchange device, the flow velocity of the refrigerant vapor 43 rising in the heat transfer tube 44 in the evaporator body 42 is flooding (one-phase flow velocity is excessive in the countercurrent contact device). It must be kept below the speed at which other phases do not flow smoothly). Therefore, the heat transfer tube 44 in the evaporator body 42 is
Although the heat transfer area is about half of the heat transfer area of the heat transfer tube 48 in the absorber body 47, when the temperature of the refrigerant vapor 43 is low (for example, 20 ° C. or less), the body diameter of the evaporator body 42 is small. D1 must be approximately the same as the body diameter D2 of the absorber main body 47, which causes a problem that the device becomes large.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an absorption type heat exchange device which can solve the above problems.

[0006]

Means for solving the problems in the present invention include an evaporator for generating a refrigerant vapor, and an absorption liquid for absorbing the refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator into an absorbing liquid. And a heat transfer tube is provided in the evaporator main body and the absorber main body, an upper space is formed above each heat transfer tube of the evaporator main body and the absorber main body, and a lower space is formed below each heat transfer tube. And the upper spaces of the evaporator body and the absorber body are connected by an upper communication pipe, the lower spaces of the evaporator body and the absorber body are connected by a lower communication pipe, and the transmission inside the absorber body is performed. The heat pipe is separated into a lower heat transfer pipe on the lower communication pipe side and an upper heat transfer pipe on the upper communication pipe side, and a non-condensable gas retention space is provided between the lower heat transfer pipe and the upper heat transfer pipe.

[0007]

In the above structure, a part of the refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator main body reaches the upper space of the absorber from the upper space of the evaporator through the upper communication pipe, and the remaining part of the refrigerant vapor is It reaches the lower space of the absorber from the lower space of the evaporator through the lower communication tube, and is absorbed by the absorbing liquid supplied into the absorber main body.

The non-condensable gas that has entered the absorber body together with the refrigerant vapor descends from the upper space of the absorber or rises from the lower space and accumulates in the retention space between the upper heat transfer tube and the lower heat transfer tube. So, discharge it out of the absorber body.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the absorption heat exchange device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the overall sectional view of FIG. The absorption heat exchange device according to the embodiment of the present invention is used, for example, in an absorption heat pump, and includes an evaporator 2 for generating a refrigerant vapor 1 and a refrigerant vapor 1 generated in the evaporator 2. The absorption liquid 3 (for example, a lithium bromide aqueous solution) is absorbed by the absorber 4.

The evaporator 2 has a vertical columnar evaporator main body 5, an upper space 6 partitioned by an upper partition plate 5A arranged in the upper portion of the evaporator main body 5, and the evaporator main body. 5
A lower space 7 partitioned by a lower partition plate 5B disposed at the lower part, a heat exchange chamber 5C disposed between the upper partition plate 5A and the lower partition plate 5B, and a heat exchange chamber 5C. The heat transfer tube 8 and the evaporator main body 5 in the upper space 6.
Distribution pipe 10 inserted from the side wall of the pipe for distributing the refrigerant liquid 9 (for example, water) to the inside of each heat transfer pipe 8 and dropping it.
And a heating fluid 11 provided on the side wall of the evaporator body 5
A heating fluid inlet 12 for supplying (for example, warm waste water) into the surface of the heat transfer tube 8 (heat exchange chamber 5C) and a heating fluid outlet 1 for guiding the heating fluid 11 to the outside of the evaporator body 5.
3 and a refrigerant liquid outlet portion 10a formed on the lower surface of the evaporator body 5.

The absorber 4 has a vertical column-shaped absorber main body 14, an upper space 15 partitioned by an upper partition plate 14A arranged in the upper portion of the absorber main body 14, and the absorber main body. A lower space 16 partitioned by a lower partition plate 14B disposed under 14 and a heat exchange chamber 14C disposed between the upper partition plate 14A and the lower partition plate 14B.
And a heat transfer tube 17 arranged in the heat exchange chamber 14C, and an absorption liquid supply for inserting the absorption liquid 3 into the upper space 15 from the side wall of the absorber body 14 to the inside of the heat transfer tube 17. A pipe 18, a heated fluid inlet port 20 provided on the side wall of the absorber body 14 for supplying a heated fluid 19 (for example, hot water) to the surface of the heat transfer tube 17 (heat exchange chamber 14C), and the heated body It comprises a heated fluid outlet portion 21 for guiding the fluid 19 to the outside of the absorber body 5, and an absorbent outlet portion 22 formed on the lower surface of the absorber body 14.

The heat exchanging chamber 14C is partitioned by a pair of central partition plates 14D and 14E which are vertically arranged at a substantially central portion of the heat exchanging chamber 14C and are separated from each other by a predetermined distance. The heat transfer tube 17 is divided into an upper heat transfer tube 23 arranged in an upper heat exchange chamber 35 and a lower heat transfer chamber 36.
And a lower heat transfer tube 24 disposed in the upper heat transfer tube 23. The upper heat transfer tube 23 and the lower heat transfer tube 24 are connected by a connecting tube 24A provided on the side wall of the absorber body 14, and the pair of central partition plates 14D are connected to each other. , 14E is a retention space 26 for the non-condensable gas 25, and a non-condensable gas exhaust port portion 27 is formed on the side wall of the absorber body 14 at a position corresponding to the retention space 26. .

The non-condensable gas 25 is a gas generated by corrosion of the metal inside the apparatus and a gas caused by the leakage of air or the like from the outside of the apparatus. The non-condensable gas 25 is absorbed from the evaporator 2 as the refrigerant vapor 1 flows. 3 is accumulated in the absorber main body 14 and if left as it is, it causes a decrease in heat exchange rate. Therefore, it is necessary to discharge it outside the absorber main body 14 by a vacuum pump or the like.

The body diameter D3 of the evaporator body 5 is approximately 3/4 of the body diameter D4 of the absorber body 14, and the total heat transfer area of the heat transfer tubes 8 on the evaporator 2 side is The number and diameter are set so as to be approximately half of the total heat transfer area of the heat transfer tubes 17 on the vessel 4 side.

Further, the upper space 6 of the evaporator main body 5 and the upper space 15 of the absorber main body 14, the lower space 7 of the evaporator main body 5 and the lower space 16 of the absorber main body 14 form an upper communication pipe 28 and a lower portion. Mist separators 30 and 31 for separating water and water are arranged in communication with a communication pipe 29, and the upper communication pipe 28 and the lower communication pipe 29 are provided on the evaporator 2 side, that is, in the upper space 6 and the lower space 7 of the evaporator body 5. Has been done.

In the above construction, the refrigerant liquid 9 is supplied from the distribution pipe 10 and the heating fluid 11 is supplied with the heating fluid 11.
Supply from 2. Then, the refrigerant liquid 9 propagates downward while forming a liquid film on the inner surface of the heat transfer tube 8, and the heating fluid 1
It is heated by 1 and part of it evaporates into refrigerant vapor,
The mist separator 30 on the side of the upper space 6 separates air and water into the upper space 15 of the absorber main body 14 ascending in the heat transfer tube 8 in sequence. A part of the refrigerant liquid 9 drops in the heat transfer tube 8 as it is, and the refrigerant vapor 1 is generated in the lower space 7.

Approximately half of the refrigerant vapor 1 is separated into water and water by the mist separator 31 on the lower space 7 side and reaches the lower space 16 of the absorber body 14. And the absorber body 14
The refrigerant vapor 1 that has entered the inside is absorbed by the absorption liquid 3 that is supplied from the absorption liquid supply pipe 18 into the absorber body 14, and the absorption liquid 3 becomes high temperature, and the heat transfer pipe 1 is introduced from the heated fluid inlet portion 20.
The fluid to be heated 19 supplied to the surface of 7 is heated by the absorbing liquid 3 having a high temperature.

By the way, the non-condensable gas 25 enters the absorber main body 14 together with the refrigerant vapor 1 and descends from the upper space 15 or rises from the lower space 16 to form the upper heat transfer tube 23.
Stays in the staying space 26 between the lower heat transfer tube 24 and the lower heat transfer tube 24. The non-condensable gas 25 thus retained is discharged from the non-condensable gas exhaust port 27 to the outside of the absorber body 14 by a vacuum pump or the like.

In this way, the refrigerant vapor 1 generated in the evaporator 2 is divided into the upper communication pipe 28 and the lower communication pipe 29 and guided to the absorber 4 side, and thus passes through the heat transfer pipe 8 in the evaporator body 5. Since the refrigerant vapor 1 can be reduced, the heat transfer area of the heat transfer tube 8 can be made smaller than in the conventional case without causing flooding, the body diameter of the evaporator body 5 can be made smaller, and the weight of the entire apparatus can be reduced. Therefore, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[0020]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator is divided into the upper communication pipe and the lower communication pipe to be guided to the absorber side, so that the heat transfer pipe in the evaporator main body is removed. Since the amount of refrigerant vapor that passes through can be reduced, the heat transfer area of the heat transfer tube can be made smaller than before without causing flooding, the barrel diameter of the evaporator body can be made smaller, and the weight of the entire device can be reduced. Therefore, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall sectional view of an absorption heat exchange device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall sectional view of an absorption heat exchange device similarly showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Refrigerant Vapor 2 Evaporator 3 Absorbing liquid 4 Absorber 5 Evaporator body 6 Upper space 7 Lower space 8 Heat transfer tube 9 Refrigerant liquid 11 Heating fluid 14 Absorber body 15 Upper space 17 Heat transfer tube 24 Lower heat transfer tube 25 Non-condensable gas 26 retention space 28 upper communication pipe 29 lower communication pipe

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An evaporator for generating a refrigerant vapor;
An absorber for absorbing the refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator into an absorbing liquid, the evaporator main body and the heat transfer tube being internally provided in the absorber main body, and the heat transfer tubes of the evaporator main body and the absorber main body An upper space is formed on the upper side, a lower space is formed on the lower side of each heat transfer tube, the upper spaces of the evaporator main body and the absorber main body are connected by an upper communication pipe, and the evaporator main body and the absorber main body are connected. The lower spaces are connected by a lower communication pipe, the heat transfer pipe in the absorber body is separated into a lower heat transfer pipe on the lower communication pipe side and an upper heat transfer pipe on the upper communication pipe side, and the lower heat transfer pipe and the upper heat transfer pipe are separated. A non-condensable gas retention space is provided between the heat pipe and a heat pipe, and a non-condensable gas discharge port is provided in the evaporator body.