JPH07507864A - 流体を冷却する,とくに天然ガスを液化する方法及び装置 - Google Patents
流体を冷却する,とくに天然ガスを液化する方法及び装置Info
- Publication number
- JPH07507864A JPH07507864A JP6522812A JP52281294A JPH07507864A JP H07507864 A JPH07507864 A JP H07507864A JP 6522812 A JP6522812 A JP 6522812A JP 52281294 A JP52281294 A JP 52281294A JP H07507864 A JPH07507864 A JP H07507864A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- natural gas
- cooling
- liquid
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0257—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0042—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by liquid expansion with extraction of work
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
- F25J1/0055—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream originating from an incorporated cascade
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
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- F25J1/0212—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow MCR cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
- F25J1/023—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the combustion as fuels, i.e. integration with the fuel gas system
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0235—Heat exchange integration
- F25J1/0237—Heat exchange integration integrating refrigeration provided for liquefaction and purification/treatment of the gas to be liquefied, e.g. heavy hydrocarbon removal from natural gas
- F25J1/0238—Purification or treatment step is integrated within one refrigeration cycle only, i.e. the same or single refrigeration cycle provides feed gas cooling (if present) and overhead gas cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
- F25J1/0283—Gas turbine as the prime mechanical driver
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
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- F25J1/0291—Refrigerant compression by combined gas compression and liquid pumping
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J1/0296—Removal of the heat of compression, e.g. within an inter- or afterstage-cooler against an ambient heat sink
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
- F25J2220/68—Separating water or hydrates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/30—Dynamic liquid or hydraulic expansion with extraction of work, e.g. single phase or two-phase turbine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2260/00—Coupling of processes or apparatus to other units; Integrated schemes
- F25J2260/60—Integration in an installation using hydrocarbons, e.g. for fuel purposes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/02—Internal refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/34—Details about subcooling of liquids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
- Y10S62/902—Apparatus
- Y10S62/903—Heat exchange structure
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (17)
- 1.種々の揮発性の成分からなる冷却混合物が、少なくとも2つの段において圧 縮され、かつ少なくともそれぞれの中間圧縮段階の後に、混合物が一部凝縮され 、凝縮された部分の少なくともいくらか及び高圧ガスの一部が、冷却され、それ から圧力を逃され、冷却すべき液体と熱交換関係にされ、それからもう一度圧縮 される、インテグラルインコーポレイテッドカスケードタイプの、とくに天然ガ スを液化するための流体冷却方法において、後から二番目の圧縮段(1B;1D )から出たガスが、蒸留装置(5)において蒸留され、この蒸留装置の頭部が、 一方においてこの後から二番目の段の凝縮物を形成し、かつ他方において最後の 圧縮段(1C)に送られる蒸気相を形成するため、環境温度より明らかに低い温 度を有する液体によって冷却されることを特徴とする流体冷却方法。
- 2.蒸留装置(5)の頭部蒸気が、蒸気相及び液相を得るため、少なくとも前記 圧力逃しされた部分を用いて熱交換器(24における)により冷却され、かっ一 部凝縮され、かつ蒸留装置(5)の頭部が、このようにして得られた(6Cにお いて)液相によって冷却され、蒸気相が、最後の圧縮段に送られる前記蒸気相を 構成することを特徴とする請求項1記載の方法。
- 3.最後の圧縮段(1C)から出るガスが、環境温度(47、図2;3C、図4 )の範囲に冷却され、かつ一部凝縮され、このようにして得られた液相が、圧力 逃しされ、かつ蒸留装置(5)の頭部が、この圧力逃しされた液相によって冷却 されることを特徴とする請求項1記載の方法。
- 4.冷却の間に最後の圧縮段(1C)から出るガスが、分縮を受けることを特徴 とする請求項3記載の方法。
- 5.最後の圧縮段(1C)から到来するガスの冷却の結果生じる液体と蒸留装置 (5)の頭部蒸気との間の間接熱交検が、この蒸気が最後の圧縮段(1C)に引 き渡され、かつ前記液体が圧力逃しされる(49において)前に、行なわれるこ とを特徴とする請求項3又は請求項4記載の方法。
- 6.第一の圧縮段(1A)の凝縮物の少なくとも一部が、第二の圧縮段(1B) の出口圧力にポンピングされ、かつこの第二の圧縮段から出るガスと混合される (2Bにおいて)ことを特徴とする請求項1ないし5のいずれか1つに記載の方 法。
- 7.窒素を含む天然ガスを液化する方法において、冷却(7、8において)及び 税窒素(13において)の結果生じた液化天然ガスが、脱窒素していない圧力逃 しされた液化天然ガスとの熱交換(37における)によって過冷却される(60 において)ことを特徴とする請求項1ないし6のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 8.窒素を含む天然ガスを液化する方法において、天然ガスの補助的な脱窒素が 、補助コラム(63)においてその処理圧力で行なわれ(63において)、この 補助的脱窒素を受けた液化大熱ガスの一部が、中間圧力に圧力逃しされ(67に おいて)、補助コラムの頭部(64)を冷却する間にこのようにして圧力逃しさ れた液体が、蒸発させられ、この補助コラムが、中間圧力の可燃性ガスを発生し 、この可燃性ガスが、コンプレッサ(1)によって駆動されるガスタービン(7 0)に引き渡され、かつ補助的な脱窒素を受けた液化天然ガスの残り、及び補助 コラム(63)の頭部蒸気が、貯蔵されるように決められた(14における)脱 窒素した液化天然ガスを容器内で製造する低圧の最後の脱窒素用のコラム(13 )において処理されることを特徴とする請求項1ないし7のいずれか1つに記載 の方法。
- 9.冷媒混合物が循環するインテグラルインコーポレイテッドカスケード冷却回 路を含むタイプのものであり、かつ少なくとも中間段(1A、1B;1A、1B 、1D)がそれぞれクーラ(3A、3B;3A、3B、3D)及び熱交換ライン (7、8)を有する少なくとも2つの段(1Aないし1C)を有するコンプレッ サ(1)を含む、とくに液化天然ガス用の流体用冷却設備において、コンプレッ サの後から二番目の段(1B;1D)により供給を受けかつその頭部がコンプレ ッサの最後の段(1C)の吸入部に接続された蒸留装置、及び環境温度よりずっ と低い温度を有する液体により蒸留装置(5)の頭部を冷却する手段(24、6 C;47、49;58ないし60)を有することを特徴とする流体用冷却設備。
- 10.蒸留装置の頭部を冷却する前記手段(24、6C)が、熱交換ライン(7 )のホット部分(8)の冷却ダクト(24)及び分離した容器(6C)を有し、 この容器の底部が、蒸留装置(5)の頂部及び頂部、最後の圧縮段(1C)の吸 入部に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項9記載の設備。
- 11.前記の手段(47、49)が、コンプレッサ(1)の最後の段(1C)か ら出るガスを環境温度の範囲に冷却する装置(3C;47)、及びこの冷却装置 から出る液体の圧力を逃す弁(49)を有し、この弁の出口が、蒸留装置(5) の頂部に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項9記載の設備。
- 12.冷却装置(47)が、分縮器であることを特徴とする請求項11記載の設 備。
- 13.補助熱交換器(58)が、冷却装置(47)から出る液体を蒸留装置(5 )の頭部蒸気と間接的熱交換関係にするために設けられていることを特徴とする 請求項11又は請求項12記載の設備。
- 14.分離器容器(6B)が、コンプレッサ(1)の第一の段(1A)のクーラ (3A)とこのコンプレッサの第二の段(1B)との間に挿入きれており、かつ ポンプ(4)が設けられており、このポンプの吸入部が、この分離器容器の底部 に接続されており、かつこのポンプの引き渡し部が、コンプレッサの第二の段の 引き渡し部に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項9ないし13のいずれか1 つに記載の設備。
- 15.窒素を含む天然ガスを液化する設備において、脱窒素コラム(13)、及 び脱窒素されていない圧力逃しされた天然ガス(37における)との熱交換によ ってこのコラムの客器から出る脱窒素された液化天然ガスを過冷却するようにな った過冷却交換器(60)を含むことを特徴とする請求項9ないし14の1つに 記載の設備。
- 16.窒素を含む天然ガスを液化する設備において、その処理圧力で天然ガスを 供給されかつ中間圧力へ圧力をかけられた(67において)コラムからの液体を 供給される頭部コンデンサ(64)を有する脱窒素コラム(63)、この圧力逃 しされた液体の蒸発の結果生じるガスを供給されるガスタービン(69)、及び 貯蔵されるようになった(14において)脱窒素した液化天然ガスを製造する最 終低圧脱窒素コラム(13)を有することを特徴とする請求項9ないし15のい ずれか1つに記載の設備。
- 17.熱交換ライン(7)が、端部ドーム(42、43)により互いに取り付け られたかつ場合によっては端部どうしを一緒に溶接した直列の、とくに同じ長さ の2つのプレート交換器(8、9)を有することを特徴とする請求項9ないし1 6のいずれか1つに記載の設備。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR9304276A FR2703762B1 (fr) | 1993-04-09 | 1993-04-09 | Procédé et installation de refroidissement d'un fluide, notamment pour la liquéfaction de gaz naturel. |
FR93/04276 | 1993-04-09 | ||
PCT/FR1994/000380 WO1994024500A1 (fr) | 1993-04-09 | 1994-04-05 | Procede et installation de refroidissement d'un fluide, notamment pour la liquefaction de gaz naturel |
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JPH07507864A true JPH07507864A (ja) | 1995-08-31 |
JP3559283B2 JP3559283B2 (ja) | 2004-08-25 |
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US (2) | US5535594A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0644996B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3559283B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE175019T1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2136755C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69415454T2 (ja) |
DZ (1) | DZ1768A1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2125448T3 (ja) |
FR (1) | FR2703762B1 (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1012700A1 (ja) |
NO (1) | NO308969B1 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2121637C1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1994024500A1 (ja) |
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US4809154A (en) * | 1986-07-10 | 1989-02-28 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Automated control system for a multicomponent refrigeration system |
GB9103622D0 (en) * | 1991-02-21 | 1991-04-10 | Ugland Eng | Unprocessed petroleum gas transport |
-
1993
- 1993-04-09 FR FR9304276A patent/FR2703762B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-04-02 DZ DZ940032A patent/DZ1768A1/fr active
- 1994-04-05 RU RU94046343A patent/RU2121637C1/ru active
- 1994-04-05 ES ES94913137T patent/ES2125448T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-05 JP JP52281294A patent/JP3559283B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-05 EP EP94913137A patent/EP0644996B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-05 WO PCT/FR1994/000380 patent/WO1994024500A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1994-04-05 AT AT94913137T patent/ATE175019T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-04-05 CA CA002136755A patent/CA2136755C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-05 US US08/347,365 patent/US5535594A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-05 DE DE69415454T patent/DE69415454T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-12-06 NO NO944701A patent/NO308969B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1996
- 1996-05-10 US US08/644,484 patent/US5613373A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1998
- 1998-12-16 HK HK98113695A patent/HK1012700A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009052876A (ja) * | 2003-05-22 | 2009-03-12 | Air Products & Chemicals Inc | 凝縮天然ガスからの窒素除去装置 |
JP4607990B2 (ja) * | 2003-05-22 | 2011-01-05 | エア プロダクツ アンド ケミカルズ インコーポレイテッド | 凝縮天然ガスからの窒素除去装置 |
JP2008537089A (ja) * | 2005-04-22 | 2008-09-11 | エア プロダクツ アンド ケミカルズ インコーポレイテッド | 液化天然ガスからの二段式の窒素除去 |
JP4673406B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-22 | 2011-04-20 | エア プロダクツ アンド ケミカルズ インコーポレイテッド | 液化天然ガスからの二段式の窒素除去 |
JP2009537777A (ja) * | 2006-05-15 | 2009-10-29 | シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ | 炭化水素流の液化方法及び装置 |
JP2011517322A (ja) * | 2007-12-04 | 2011-06-02 | エア プロダクツ アンド ケミカルズ インコーポレイテッド | 液化天然ガスの脱窒素用熱サイホンリボイラー |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU94046343A (ru) | 1996-11-10 |
DE69415454D1 (de) | 1999-02-04 |
ES2125448T3 (es) | 1999-03-01 |
AU6540494A (en) | 1994-11-08 |
CA2136755A1 (en) | 1994-10-27 |
RU2121637C1 (ru) | 1998-11-10 |
EP0644996A1 (fr) | 1995-03-29 |
NO944701L (no) | 1994-12-06 |
DE69415454T2 (de) | 1999-05-06 |
ATE175019T1 (de) | 1999-01-15 |
US5535594A (en) | 1996-07-16 |
FR2703762A1 (fr) | 1994-10-14 |
WO1994024500A1 (fr) | 1994-10-27 |
EP0644996B1 (fr) | 1998-12-23 |
FR2703762B1 (fr) | 1995-05-24 |
CA2136755C (en) | 2005-06-14 |
DZ1768A1 (fr) | 2002-02-17 |
AU669628B2 (en) | 1996-06-13 |
US5613373A (en) | 1997-03-25 |
HK1012700A1 (en) | 1999-08-06 |
NO308969B1 (no) | 2000-11-20 |
NO944701D0 (no) | 1994-12-06 |
JP3559283B2 (ja) | 2004-08-25 |
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