JPH0746267Y2 - Tube drawing direction variable blood pump and artificial hemodialysis apparatus using the pump - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial field of application> The present invention relates to a blood pump used for extracorporeal circulation of blood in artificial dialysis of blood, etc., and particularly to a drawing direction of an elastic tube for blood circulation. The present invention relates to a variable blood pump and an artificial hemodialysis apparatus using the pump.

<Prior Art> A blood pump that is generally well known as a blood pump used in a blood artificial dialysis device and the like will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 7, reference numeral 1 is a casing having an arcuate inner peripheral surface 2, 3 is an elastic tube for blood circulation arranged along the inner peripheral surface 2, and 4 is a rotary shaft at the center of the inner peripheral surface 2. In the rotor unit having 5, the rotary shaft 5 is directly connected to a drive source (not shown) (for example, a motor). Reference numerals 6a and 6b denote rollers which are attached to both ends of the rotor portion 4 and locally press the elastic tube 3 against the inner peripheral surface 2 to close it.

When the rotor portion 4 rotates in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 7 in conjunction with the rotating shaft 5, the compression closing point of the elastic tube 3 by the one roller 6a moves in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface 2, and Blood is delivered in the direction of the arrow. Immediately before the roller 6a is disengaged from the inner peripheral surface 2, the other roller 6b moves in the circumferential direction while pressing the elastic tube 3 against the inner peripheral surface 2 to close the elastic tube 3 in the circumferential direction. Will be sent out.

In such a blood pump, due to its structure, the blood suction side 3a and the discharge side 3b of the elastic tube 3 are the casing 1
Against the same direction. Further, in order to prevent the expansion and accumulation of air bubbles in blood, the suction side 3a is always arranged on the lower side and the discharge side 3b is arranged on the upper side.

By the way, since many patients generally collect blood from the left arm, this type of blood pump is usually installed on the left side of the human body. This is convenient because the blood circulation circuit outside the body can be shortened and the blood volume in the circuit can be reduced.

However, in a patient who receives a treatment involving extracorporeal circulation of blood for a long period of time, the arm for blood collection may be changed from left to right as the number of blood collections increases. When collecting blood from the right arm,
The blood pump is preferably placed on the right side of the patient as described above. It was in this situation that the idea was taken
This is a blood pump with a variable tube withdrawal direction described in JP-A 63-200448.

This is when reversing the installation position of the blood pump left and right,
The casing 1 is turned over 180 ° about the rotating shaft 5 so that the elastic tube 3 is pulled out toward the patient. On the other hand, by reversing the rotation direction of the rotor unit 4,
The lower elastic tube 3 is reversed to the blood suction side 3a, and the upper elastic tube 3 is reversed to the discharge side 3b.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> The above-mentioned variable tube withdrawal direction blood pump is extremely useful because it can suppress the extension of the extracorporeal circulation circuit of blood even when the installation position of the blood pump is reversed. However, there is a drawback that it is not possible to accommodate elastic tubes 3 having different sizes and qualities.

That is, the type of elastic tube 3 used varies depending on the hospital using the blood pump, and the size (wall thickness of the elastic tube 3) and quality (rigidity) are not constant. In order to properly close the elastic tube 3 in accordance with the thickness and rigidity thereof, the dimensions of the inner peripheral surface 2 of the casing 1, the size of the roller 6 or the mounting position of the roller 6 with respect to the rotor portion 4 are individually set. Need to change. Therefore, a manufacturer of blood pumps needs to manufacture individual blood pumps according to the thickness and rigidity of the elastic tube 3 used in the delivery destination hospital, which is disadvantageous in terms of productivity. I will end up.

Therefore, a squeeze pump (Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 63-69789) capable of accommodating a plurality of types of elastic tubes 3 has been devised. In this, the roller 6 attached to the swing lever is pressed against the elastic tube 3 by the elastic force of the spring body, thereby exerting a pressing force according to the thickness and rigidity of the elastic tube 3. However, the squeeze pump of the present invention does not have a structure capable of changing the pull-out direction of the elastic tube 3. Even if the above-mentioned method (reversing the casing 1 and reversing the rotor portion 4) is used, the elastic force of the spring does not work well on the elastic tube 3 and the like.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and uses a tube pull-out direction variable blood pump and a pump capable of adapting a plurality of types of elastic tubes and changing the pull-out direction of the elastic tubes. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an artificial hemodialysis device that has been used.

<Means for Solving the Problem> In order to achieve such an object, the present invention has the following configuration.

That is, according to the present invention, an elastic tube for circulating blood, which is drawn out from the casing on both sides thereof, is arranged along an arcuate inner surface of the casing, and a rotor portion having a rotating shaft at the center of the arcuate inner surface. Is provided with a plurality of rollers that locally press the elastic tube against the arc-shaped inner surface, rotate the rotor portion to deliver blood in the elastic tube, and reverse the casing. In a tube pull-out direction variable blood pump that changes the pull-out direction of the elastic tube by reversing the rotation direction of the rotor portion according to the above, a support arm that rotatably supports the plurality of rollers, respectively. The support arm is pivotally supported and pivots in conjunction with the pivot shaft, and a through hole that engages with the pivot shaft on both the front and back sides is formed in the central portion. A rotor that is formed and inserted into and removed from the rotary shaft; and a spring body that is provided between the support arm and the rotary body to press the plurality of rollers against the elastic tube. It is characterized by the fact that it constitutes a section.

Further, the artificial hemodialysis device of the present invention is a conventional artificial hemodialysis (ultrafiltration) type, hemodialysis (dialysis) type, hemodiafiltration (ultradiafiltration) type artificial The blood dialysis apparatus is characterized by using the above-mentioned tube pull-out direction variable blood pump.

<Operation> The operation of the configuration of the present invention is as follows.

The compression force of the spring body is changed according to the thickness and elastic force of the elastic tube, and the pressing force of the roller is also changed accordingly. Therefore, a larger elastic force is applied to the elastic tube that requires a large pressing force to close it, and a smaller elastic force is applied to the elastic tube that closes with a smaller pressing force. Elastic force is applied.

Further, the rotating body can be inserted into and removed from the rotating shaft, and since the through holes that engage with the rotating shaft are formed on both front and back surfaces, the rotating body can be attached upside down. That is, the rotor portion can be installed by turning it upside down. When the rotor portion rotates in the reverse direction, the rotor portion turns upside down so that the roller presses the elastic tube in the same manner as in the forward rotation.

<Embodiment> An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, an example in which a blood pump is applied to an artificial dialysis device for blood will be described with reference to FIG.

In this figure, reference numeral 60 denotes the entire artificial hemodialysis apparatus, which is composed of an artificial dialyzer 22, a blood pump 20, and chambers 21 and 24 in this embodiment. The blood pump 20 is incorporated in the extracorporeal circulation of blood as shown in FIG. Human body m
Blood collected from, for example, the arm is sucked by the blood pump 20, pumped from the blood pump 20, temporarily stored in the chamber 21, and then sent to the artificial dialyzer 22. In the artificial dialyzer 22, diafiltration is performed with the dialysate supply line 23 to remove harmful substances and excess water in blood. The blood after dialysis is once stored in the chamber 24 and then returned to the human body again.

Blood pump 20 is configured as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a front view of a blood pump 20 according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II thereof.

Reference numeral 1 is a casing having an arcuate inner peripheral surface 2.
The casing 1 is fixed to the panel 25 of the entire apparatus by a pin 26, and when the pin 26 is pulled out, the casing 1 can be rotated around an output shaft (rotating shaft 30) of a drive motor 27 attached to the back surface of the panel 25. Has become. A striker 51 is provided on the outer peripheral shoulder of the casing 1, and a limit switch 50 is provided at a position facing the striker 51 when the casing 1 is in the posture shown in FIG. The lever of the limit switch 50 is configured to contact the striker 51 and output an ON signal to a control circuit (not shown) in this posture.

An elastic tube 3 for circulating blood is arranged in the circumferential direction along the inner wall of the inner peripheral surface 2 of the casing 1, and both sides of the elastic tube 3, that is, the blood suction side 3a and the discharge side 3b are the casing. It extends to the outside. The actual installation position of the blood pump 20 corresponds to FIG. 1, and the suction side 3a is on the lower side and the discharge side 3b is on the upper side.
It shows that 20 is installed on the left side of the human body.

At the center of the inner peripheral surface 2, a rotary shaft 30 of the drive motor 27 penetrating the back surface of the casing 1 projects. The rotating shaft 30
The base member has a rectangular member 31 and the tip end has a cylindrical member 32. The cylindrical member 32 has a groove 33 formed in its circumferential direction. The rotor part, which is attached to the rotary shaft 30 so as to be removable, shows the feature of the present invention.
34. Hereinafter, the structure of the rotor portion 34 will be described with reference to the perspective view of FIG.

The rotor unit 34 includes a rotating body 35 that engages with the rotating shaft 30, and a rotating body 35.
Two support arms 37a, 37b swingably attached to both ends of 35 via swing shafts 36, and rollers 6a, 6 rotatably attached to the tip ends of these support arms 37.
b and a spring body 38 provided between each support arm 37 and the rotating body 35.

A through hole 39 that engages with the rotating shaft 30 is formed in the center of the rotating body 35. The through holes 39 are formed on both front and back surface sides (left and right sides in FIG. 2) of the rotating body 35, and are formed between the rectangular space 41 engaging with the rectangular member 31 of the rotating shaft 30 and the both rectangular spaces 41. And a cylindrical space 42 that engages with the cylindrical member 32 of the rotating shaft 30.

A ball 43 that fits into the groove 33 of the cylindrical member 32 is provided on a part of the inner peripheral wall forming the cylindrical space 42.
Is in a state of being pressed into the space by the spring 44 provided in the inner peripheral wall. Therefore, the through hole of the rotating body 35
When 39 is inserted into the rotary shaft 30, the ball 43 fits into the groove 33 of the cylindrical member 32, and the rotary body 35 is locked to the rotary shaft 30. The elastic force of this spring 44 is not so strong that the rotating body 35 is manually operated.
You can insert and remove.

As shown in FIG. 3, both ends of the rotating body 35 are formed in a U shape in cross section, and the swing shaft is provided in the open space.
36 is attached. Support arms 37a and 37b are swingably supported by the swing shaft 36. The support arms 37a and 37b are also formed in a U-shape in cross section, and rollers 6a and 6b are rotatably mounted in the closed space via a shaft 45.

A spring body 38 is provided between the "U" -shaped rear wall portion A on the tip side of the support arms 37a, 37b and the "U" -shaped rear wall portion B on both end sides of the rotating body 35. Is attached. Due to the elastic force of the spring body 38, the support arms 37a and 37b are
The rotating body 35 is urged toward the outside, and the rollers 6a and 6b are configured to press the elastic tube 3 by the urging force (elastic force of the spring body 38) to close it. ing.

Next, the operation of the above-described embodiment will be described.

(1) Blood collection from the left side of the human body In the state shown in FIG. 1, the drive motor 27 is driven to rotate the rotor portion 34 in the direction of the arrow. One roller 6a moves in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface 2 while pressing and closing the elastic tube 3 by the elastic force of the spring body 38. By this movement, the blood in the elastic tube 3 moves from the suction side 3a to the discharge side 3a.
It moves to 3b and is sent out. At this time, the elastic tube 3
The amount of compression of the spring body 38 is changed according to the thickness and rigidity of the spring, and the repulsive force against this is also changed. Therefore, the roller 6a
An elastic tube 3 that exerts a large pressing force on the elastic tube 3 (an elastic tube 3 having a relatively large thickness and a high rigidity) that requires a strong pressing force for closing and has the opposite characteristic.
Since a small pressing force acts on (the elastic tube 3 having a relatively small thickness and a low rigidity), the elastic tube 3 is properly closed regardless of the type of the elastic tube 3.

When the roller 6a moves further and comes off the inner peripheral surface 2, the other roller 6b, which is displaced 180 ° from the roller 6a about the rotating shaft 30, moves the elastic tube 3 to the inner peripheral surface 2 this time.
Rotate while pressing.

In this way, the blood in the elastic tube 3 is continuously delivered.

(2) Blood collection from the right side of the human body As described above, when collecting blood from the right side, the blood pump 20 is installed on the right side of the human body in order to shorten the extracorporeal blood circulation path.

First, in order to reverse the installation position of the blood pump 20,
The rotor portion 34 is pulled out from the rotating shaft 30, the rotor portion 34 is turned upside down, and the rotor portion 34 is inserted into the rotating shaft 30. Rotating body of the rotor unit 34
The ball 44 provided in the cylindrical space 41 of 35 is a rotating shaft.
The rotary member 35 is fitted into the groove 33 of the cylindrical member 32 of the rotary shaft 30,
Lock against. With this, the rotor portion 34 is set upside down.

Next, the pin 26 is pulled out and the casing 1 is inverted by 180 ° (see FIG. 4), and the pull-out direction of both sides 3a, 3b of the elastic tube 3 is switched to the right side. At this time, the striker 51 that was in contact with the lever of the limit switch 50 is disengaged from the lever and sends a signal to the control circuit of the drive motor 27 (not shown). Based on the signal sent, the control circuit drives the drive motor 27 in the reverse direction to rotate the rotor portion 34 in the reverse direction (the direction of the arrow in FIG. 4).

When the rotor portion 34 is rotated in the reverse direction, the rotor portion 34 is set upside down, so that the rollers 6a and 6b properly set the elastic tube 3 in the same manner as when the blood pump 20 is installed on the left side as in (1). Press and close with pressure. That is, when one roller 6a presses the elastic tube 3, the support arm supported by the swing shaft 36 by the repulsive force of the elastic tube 3.
37a swings in a direction of compressing the spring body 38, and the elastic force of the spring body 38 acts on the roller 6a. Incidentally, when the rotor portion 34 is not turned upside down and only reverse rotation is performed, the repulsive force of the elastic tube 3 pressed by the roller 6a does not work in the direction of compressing the spring body 38, and the elastic tube 3 is pressed with an appropriate pressing force. It cannot be closed by force.

Therefore, when the rotor portion 34 rotates in the reverse direction, the rotor portion 34 is turned over and set on the rotating shaft 30, so that the elastic tube 3
Even when the pulling-out direction of the elastic tube 3 is changed, a pressing force according to the type (wall thickness or rigidity) of the elastic tube 3 can be applied to the elastic tube 3.

Although not described in the above-mentioned embodiment, if a means for detecting the reversal of the rotor portion 34 is provided, the operator can be informed of the orientation of the rotor portion 34, which is practically convenient. As a means thereof, for example, as shown in the simplified cross-sectional view of FIG. 5, a small push button switch 52 is provided on the upper surface of the rectangular member 31 of the rotating shaft 30, and the front and back sides of the rotating body 35, either one of the rectangular shapes. A cutout portion (53) into which a push button switch (52) is inserted is formed on the inner wall portion of the space (41). When the side on which the notch portion 53 is formed is inserted into the rotary shaft 30, the push button switch
When 52 is not pushed and the side where the cutout portion 53 is not formed is inserted, the push button switch 52 is pushed and a signal is output. ON-OFF of such push button switch 52
According to the configuration, the front and back of the rotor section 34 may be determined.

Further, by combining the signal for discriminating between the front and the back of the rotor portion 34 and the signal for discriminating the inversion of the casing 1 detected by the limit switch 50 described above, the front and rear of the rotor portion 34 and the pulling direction of the elastic tube 3 are separated. A circuit for verifying the difference can be provided. This allows blood pump 20
It is possible to prevent the operation mistake of.

<Effect of the Invention> As is clear from the above description, this artificial hemodialysis device and the variable tube withdrawal direction blood pump change the tube withdrawal direction by reversing the casing of the blood pump and rotating the rotor part in the reverse direction. Not only was it possible to do this, but when changing the tube pull-out direction, the rotor section was turned upside down so that the elastic force of the spring body would always act accurately on the elastic tube regardless of the tube pull-out direction. You can

Therefore, stable liquid delivery can be performed even when the blood pump is installed on both the left and right sides of the patient, and when elastic tubes having different wall thicknesses and rigidity are used.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 6 relate to a first embodiment of the present invention.
The figure is a front view of the blood pump, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the rotor portion, and FIG. 4 is a front view of the blood pump when the tube withdrawing direction is changed. Fifth
The figure is a partially enlarged view of the rotating body, and FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the artificial hemodialysis apparatus, in which a blood pump is incorporated. Further, FIG. 7 is a front view of a conventional blood pump. 1 ... Casing 2 ... Inner peripheral surface 3 ... Elastic tube, 6a, 6b ... Roller 20 ... Blood pump, 30 ... Rotating shaft 34 ... Rotor part, 35 ... Rotating body 37a, 37b ... Support arm, 38 ... Spring body 39 … Through hole, 60… Artificial hemodialysis machine

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An elastic tube for circulating blood, the both sides of which are drawn out of a casing, is arranged along an arcuate inner surface of the casing, and a rotor portion having a rotating shaft at the center of the arcuate inner surface is provided. , A plurality of rollers for locally pressing the elastic tube against the arc-shaped inner surface are provided, and the rotor section is rotated to deliver the blood in the elastic tube, and the casing is inverted, According to the tube pull-out direction variable blood pump that changes the pull-out direction of the elastic tube by reversing the rotation direction of the rotor portion, a support arm that rotatably supports the plurality of rollers, respectively. The support arm is pivotally supported, pivots in conjunction with the rotary shaft, and has a through hole centered on the front and back sides that engages with the rotary shaft. The rotor unit includes a rotating body that can be inserted into and removed from the rotating shaft, and a spring body that is provided between the support arm and the rotating body and presses the plurality of rollers against the elastic tube. A blood pump having a variable tube withdrawal direction, which is characterized in that 2. An artificial hemodialysis apparatus using the tube withdrawal direction variable blood pump according to claim 1.