JPH0734468A - Foundation forming member and foundation forming method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To stabilize the erection of a building by constituting a foundation forming member from a footing form for independence and a continuous footing panel, and further constituting the footing form for independence from a bottom panel part and a post part. CONSTITUTION:A foundation forming member 1 is constituted of a footing formwork 2 for independence and a panel 3 for continuous footing, and the formwork 2 is constituted of a bottom panel part 4 and a post part 5. The bottom panel part 4 is constituted by continuously installing an upper rectangular cylindrical body 4B in a projecting sectional shape on the upper surface of a lower rectangular cylindrical body 4A having the prescribed dimension. Then, the bottom panel part 4 is installed on the foundation bottom surface, and a post part 5 is engagement-erected on the upper surface of the bottom panel part 4, and after the formwork 2 is installed, immediate refilling is performed, and concrete 8 is placed to form the footing 10 for independence, and the panel 3 for continuous footing is installed between the footings 10 and 10. Accordingly, the load of the whole construction is received by the post part 5 through the pillar and a base board, and the load is transmitted to the ground from the bottom panel part 4, and the construction can be erected in a stable manner.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a foundation forming member and a foundation forming method in a low-rise building made of wood or steel. By using a special industrialized formwork that has an appropriate structure and proof strength during the construction of a building foundation, even women can assemble and install it, forming an effective reinforced concrete foundation. Effectively, it aims to greatly reduce the construction period, reduce the cost, and insulate the floor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, in this type, the following has been done. 1. Regarding the foundation of the house, it has been formed nationwide by the method called "cloth foundation" since the Great Kanto Earthquake. To construct the foundation, concrete is made into a certain shape (cloth + base).
In order to achieve this, a method of using plywood (control panel), steel formwork, etc., or recently using GRC material without removing the formwork material, or making a certain cloth foundation at the factory and installing it on site Has been taken. In a different dimension, the Energy Conservation Law has been made mandatory nationwide since 1996 by linking with the Public Corporation, and the use of heat insulation materials (simultaneous implantation etc), which has been performed in parts of Hokkaido, has become popular. . The current situation is that there is no definitive thing about these inconsistencies between "cost" and "construction period" based on safety.

2. In order to construct a known reverse T-shaped continuous cloth foundation on site, digging, split ground, rebar assembly, base concrete placement, formwork (control panel or steel plate, formwork), cloth concrete placement, mold Forming such as frame dismantling, backfilling, and processing of remaining soil requires a lot of labor, labor, and materials, and it takes 15 to 25 days on the basis of general housing. 3. In cold climates, it is becoming more common to heat-insulate the foundation, but before placing concrete into the concrete, a plate-like heat insulating material is installed inside the formwork to insulate the concrete by placing it. There is.

4. The foundation of a wooden house has a small span between columns, and since a foundation is always installed under the columns, it is a continuous load (uniform load) rather than a concentrated load, so the cloth foundation is for all spans. The full length of works effectively. In other words, a cloth foundation that provides an average bearing capacity for all loads is suitable. 5. However, in recent years, construction methods have been devised and formed to increase the span of columns and beams by using long columns and beams, which have strong structural strength such as structural laminated wood with a steel-framed concept, and laminated veneer lumber. ing. At this time, a load is concentrated on the pillars, and a bottom plate having a large area is required.

[0005]

The problems described in the prior art have the following problems. 1. Since the upper T-shaped continuous cloth foundation is structurally designed based on the concept of continuous load (uniform load), it has the following problems. A. When many large rooms are designed, lightweight steel frames, beams, etc. are used for the beams, and the span is made large, but a large concentrated load is applied to the columns that receive the beams, and the floor base with only the cloth foundation will not fit within the allowable bearing capacity. There is.

B. Since there is a tendency to simply arrange the cloth foundation along the inner partition wall, the cloth foundation under the inner partition wall can be divided into a large room such as the living room and living room on the south side and a small room such as the kitchen, washroom, and bathroom on the north side. Since the intervals are different, and when horizontal forces such as an earthquake are applied, the amount of deformation of the outer cloth foundation is different, so there is a high risk of collapse of the upper building during a large earthquake. C. Since the cloth foundation is placed under the internal partition wall, the air permeability under the floor is significantly impaired and rot fungi such as namitake mushrooms are generated. D. Considering the ventilation under the floor, if a large number of ventilation holes are provided in the inner fabric foundation, the strength of the fabric foundation as a whole is reduced.

E. When forming a continuous cloth foundation, root excavation, split chestnut works, rebar assembly, base concrete placing, formwork (including plate-shaped heat insulating material), cloth concrete placing, formwork dismantling, backfilling, residual soil treatment This is a process that requires a lot of labor and materials for construction, and it takes a long construction period. F. Waste concrete, base concrete, cloth concrete, and concrete are cast a couple of times, so it is difficult to stabilize the strength and it takes a long construction period. G. Although piles will be used for construction on soft ground, the piles are not always under the pillars, and the load is not accurately transmitted to the supporting ground.
Moreover, if piles are struck under all the pillars, pile construction will be difficult and the cost will be greatly increased.

2. Recently, a large span wooden construction method using columns and beams such as steel frame and structural laminated wood, laminated veneer lumber, etc. has been built, but the cloth foundation has the following problems. A. If the column span is large, the load applied to each column will be large, and the cloth foundation cannot be seen as an effective foundation floor that receives the reaction force of the ground of the load (stress). Therefore, increase the area of the foundation of the concentrated part of the pillar where a large load is applied,
It is necessary to keep the reaction force. B. Since stress concentrates when horizontal shearing force such as external force (seismic force, wind pressure) etc. comes, the conventional cloth foundation may have insufficient yield strength.

The present application has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art, and an object of the present application is to provide a device capable of solving the above problems.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is as follows. The first invention is configured as follows. It is composed of an independent footing form 2 and a cloth foundation panel 3, and further, the independent footing form 2 is composed of a bottom plate portion 4 and a post part 5, and the bottom plate portion 4 is a lower rectangular tubular body 4A having a predetermined size. An upper square tubular body 4B is continuously provided on the upper surface so as to have a convex cross-section, and a step portion 4B1 for engagement is engraved on an opening edge of an upper surface of the upper square tubular body 4B.
The post portion 5 is composed of a rectangular tubular body 5A having a predetermined size and having the same cross section as the upper rectangular tubular body 4B, and a step portion which engages with a step portion 4B1 for engagement at an opening edge of a lower surface of the rectangular tubular body 5A. 5A1 is engraved, the post portion 5 is engaged and erected on the upper surface of the bottom plate portion 4, and the cloth foundation panel 3 is made of expanded styrene on the front and back surfaces of the core material 3A made of a plate-shaped PVC material or reinforced plastic. The rectangular tube portion 2 in the independent footing form 2 is made of a plate obtained by adhering the front surface material 3B and the back surface material 3C.
The height 2A1 of A is the same as the height 2A1, and the length is set to an appropriate dimension, and the upper connecting metal member 6 for connecting the post 10B configured by the post portion 5 and the cloth foundation panel 3 and the lower It is a member for forming a foundation, which is composed of the connecting hardware 7.

In this case, the upper connecting metal member 6 is the post 1
Quadrangle plate 6A abutting on the side surface of OB, and two front and rear cloth foundation panel clamps 6 connected to one end of this square plate
B and 6B, and a contact plate 6C that abuts on the upper surface of the post portion 5 that is continuously provided on the upper surface of the rectangular plate. The rectangular plate 6A has a large size so as to be integrated with concrete by pouring concrete. A screw hole 6A1 is formed, an ordinary screw hole 6B2 is formed in the cloth foundation panel holding 6B, and the lower connecting metal piece 7 is a square plate 7A that is in contact with the side surface of the post 10B. And a pair of front and rear clamps 7B and 7B for the cloth foundation panel, which are connected to one end of the square plate, and the square plate 7A is formed to be large so as to be integrated with the concrete by pouring the concrete. Screw hole 7
A1 is opened, and an ordinary screw hole 7B2 can be opened in the cloth foundation panel holding 7B.

Further, in the cloth foundation panel 3, a plate 3C can be formed by bonding a material 3B1 such as GRC (concrete plate containing glass fiber) instead of the surface material 3B. Further, the post portion 5 can be constructed by dividing the plates 5B and 5C having an L-shaped cross section into two parts in consideration of the space for transportation and inventory, and both can be assembled in a tubular shape on site. .

The second invention is a method of forming a base, which comprises the following steps. From the first step to installing the independent footing formwork 2, immediately backfilling, and then pouring concrete 8 to form an independent footing 10. Second step ~
A cloth foundation panel 3 should be installed between the independent footings 10, which are the parts corresponding to the conventional cloth foundation on the outer periphery of the building.

[0014]

EXAMPLES Examples will be described with reference to the drawings. 1
Is a member for forming a foundation, which is composed of an independent footing form 2 and a cloth foundation panel 3, and the independent footing form 2 is composed of a bottom plate portion 4 and a post portion 5. The independent footing form 2 is made of recycled bead foamed styrene or the like, but the bottom plate 4 has an upper square cylinder 4B continuously connected to the upper surface of a lower square cylinder 4A having a predetermined size. A step portion 4B1 for engagement is engraved on the upper surface opening edge of the top plate of the upper rectangular tubular body 4B.

Further, the post portion 5 is composed of a rectangular tubular body 5A having a predetermined size and having the same cross section as the upper rectangular tubular body 4B, and a step portion 4B1 for engagement is provided at an opening edge of the lower surface of the rectangular tubular body 5A. A step portion 5A1 to be engaged is engraved. And the bottom plate part 4
The post portion 5 is engaged and erected on the upper surface of the.

The cloth foundation panel 3 is a plate formed by adhering a surface material 3B made of expanded styrene and a back surface material 3C to the front and back surfaces of a core material 3A made of a plate-shaped vinyl chloride material or reinforced plastic, but having independent widths. 5 of the footing form 2
Of the same height, and the length is set to an appropriate size. In this case, GRC instead of the surface material 3B
The plate 31 can also be formed by adhering the material 3B1 such as the above. (Refer to FIG. 8) A prefabricated underfloor ventilation port is also attached to the cloth foundation panel 3 in advance if necessary.

The post portion 5 may be constructed by dividing the plates 5B and 5C having an L-shaped cross-section into two parts in consideration of the space for transportation and stock, and the both parts may be assembled in a tubular shape on site. it can. (See FIG. 5) Reference numeral 6 is an upper connecting metal article that connects the post 10B configured by the post portion 5 and the cloth foundation panel 3, and 7 is a lower connecting metal article. As shown in FIG. 9, the upper connecting metal piece 6 includes a square plate 6A that abuts against the side surface of the post 10B, and two front and rear cloth foundation panel clamps 6B that are connected to one end of the square plate 6A. , 6B and an abutting plate 6C for contacting the upper surface of the post portion 5 continuously provided on the upper surface of the rectangular plate, and the rectangular plate 6A has a large screw so as to be integrated with the concrete by pouring the concrete. A hole 6A1 for holes is formed, and an ordinary screw hole 6B1 is formed on the cloth base panel holding 6B.

The lower connecting hardware 7 is shown in FIG.
The square plate 7A is in contact with the side surface of the post 10B, and two cloth front panel clamps 7B and 7B are provided continuously at one end of the square plate. The square plate 7A is made of concrete. A large screw hole 7A1 is formed so as to be integrated with the concrete by the installation, and an ordinary screw hole 7B1 is opened in the cloth foundation panel holding 7B. Further, the bottom plate portion 4 is also configured in a convex shape in consideration of inventory space during transportation, so that it does not take up space by stacking it vertically.

A method of forming a base using the base forming member of the present application is configured as follows. First step (formation of independent footing) 1. Installation of the independent footing formwork in order to suppress the side pressure due to concrete driving by stabilizing the weight of the independent footing formwork 2 by using special packing, etc., and to shorten the construction period which is the first purpose. Later, concrete is poured. 2. For vertical and horizontal leveling of the independent footing form, adjust with wedge-shaped packing and install.

3. To prevent concrete pressure in the upper part of the backfilled back, use a simple headband such as a rubber band. 4. Reinforcing bars 9 for independent footing are assembled in advance and installed easily and speedily on site. As described above, the independent footing 10 is installed at a desired position. 10A is a bottom plate and 10B is a post.

Second Step (Formation of Peripheral Cloth Foundation) A cloth foundation panel 3 is installed between a portion corresponding to a conventional cloth foundation on the outer peripheral portion of the building, that is, between the independent footings 10 to connect the outside and the underfloor. It cuts off the temperature of and protects mice and pests from the outside. In this case, the load and horizontal force are borne by the independent footing. Further, the installation of the cloth foundation panel 3 simultaneously provides the foundation heat insulation for keeping the heat under the floor in a cold region, which is a great advantage. Further, the post 10B and the cloth foundation panel 3 are joined to each other by using the upper connecting metal piece 6 and the lower connecting metal piece 7 to fix with rust-free vinyl chloride or stainless steel screws. (See Figure 7)

The finishing method is configured as follows. 1. The apparent finish can be a non-combustible material finish by using a resin mortar mixed with an organic adhesive on the surface of the independent footing form and the cloth foundation panel 3. 2. In order to omit the finishing of the outer peripheral portion, it is possible to previously integrate the material 3B1 such as GRC with the core material on the surface of the independent footing formwork and on the surface of the cloth foundation panel as described above.

In terms of structural mechanics, the structure is as follows. 1. Independent footing (independent foundation) form is constructed so that the load of the upper building is taken up by its bottom plate. 2. Bending moment (overturning moment) due to horizontal force (wind pressure, seismic force, etc.) of low-rise, lightweight wooden buildings and steel-framed buildings does not require special underground beams, cloth foundations, and pressure boards.
It is configured to operate within the area of the base of the independent footing. 3. The independent footing is divided into a bottom part and a post part with an independent footing form, and is integrally molded with reinforced concrete. The total load of the building is received at the post part through the pillar and the base, and the load is applied from the bottom part to the ground (horizontal load, vertical load).
It is configured to convey and convey the stability of the building.

The material, shape and constitution of the formwork are constituted as follows. 1. In order to reduce the construction period and cost, a ready-made mold using bead expanded styrene (recycled beads are also possible) is installed at a predetermined place without using a mold used in a control panel or the like on site. 2. The independent footing formwork is divided into a bottom part and a post part, and is constructed so that it can be easily assembled on site by a joint with a hood.

3. The independent footing formwork of the post part is designed so that the volume is not bulky by assembling it in two L-shapes or by bending it from the plate in consideration of the stock space during transportation. It has a shape (columnar shape). 4. The bottom part is also a convex type in consideration of inventory space during transportation, and it is configured so that it does not take up space by stacking it vertically. 5. In order to reduce the construction period of the foundation work, the independent footing formwork is a discarded frame material (it will not be removed after placing concrete).

In addition, 1. Part of the floor load on the first floor, the load on the outer wall, and the axial force and shearing force generated by the bearing wall due to horizontal force are applied to the base. 2. It is necessary for the design to increase the cross-sectional performance of the base due to the span of footing, and it is also effective to use a material having high strength (tsuga material, structural laminated wood, laminated veneer, etc.) for the base. 3. When pile construction is performed on soft ground, a horizontal force exerts a falling moment on the independent foundation and the foundation, so it is known to provide a so-called cheek cane (buttress) on the foundation and the independent foundation.

The operation will be described together with the effects.

[0028]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. I. The vertical load is mechanically and structurally better when it is directly subjected to an axial force by a foundation with a certain floor area under the column, and the building is stable. B. It is especially suitable for buildings with large spans (steel frame construction, large span wooden construction), the flow of the load becomes clear mechanically, the structural design of the basic yield strength is easy, and safety design is possible. C. By using a ready-made mold made of foamed styrene or the like, it is possible to simultaneously pour the bottom plate part and the post part into concrete, so that stable strength can be obtained.

D. Compared with cloth foundations and underground beam foundations, the amount of concrete and the amount of reinforcing steel can be appropriately arranged, and the cost can be reduced because it is reduced. E. Even if it is formed on soft ground, by installing a pile directly under the independent footing, the ground bearing capacity can be maintained evenly over the entire building. Moreover, since the number of piles is reduced, the pile construction will be completed sooner and the cost will be lower. F. External force (earthquake force, wind pressure) can be received by the bottom of the reinforced concrete foundation, and the overturning moment due to the external force can be directly taken up by the bearing capacity.

[Characteristics and effects on formation] 1. About ready-made molds made of recycled beads foamed styrene etc. A. The amount of root digging is small and no special large machine is required. B. The split chestnut works will be easier, and the rebar construction will be speedy and cheaper just by installing pre-assembled rebar. C. Install a ready-made formwork, and use wedge-shaped packing to
The frame work can be formed according to the regulation by putting out the horizontal level. D. Since it is a discarding frame, it can be backfilled immediately after the completion of the framework, and it prevents the ready-made form from swelling due to concrete pressure. Since the post part on the backfill can be treated with a simple material such as a rubber band, the work up to concrete placement is simple and completed quickly, and the next work (temporary installation, external finishing work, etc.) can be performed, The construction period is shortened.

E. Since the formwork and rebar assembly are simple and lightweight,
It can be formed by women. F. The independent footing formwork is divided into a bottom part and a post part, and is set so as not to be bulky, so it is easy to transport and assemble. G. Styrofoam molds are inexpensive, have thermal insulation and are easy to mold in the factory. H. A special joint method can be used to fit each part and bring out the merit when forming. I. While resource problems are becoming a major social issue,
It does not require a control panel, and can reuse styrene by recycling beads, which is efficient.

2. Regarding foamed styrene panel with core material provided on the outer peripheral portion between independent footings A. Insulation work for foundations in cold regions is automatically completed without special materials or construction. B. By installing the underfloor ventilation port in the panel beforehand, the ventilation port can be attached when the foundation is completed, so that the finish mortar that makes the foundation visible can be done quickly. C. It is possible to omit the finishing work of the foundation by using the panel, the independent footing form, and the surface of the foamed styrene that is made of the material such as GRC in the factory. D. There are no cracks in the conventional finish. As mentioned above, compared with the conventional foundation, the cost can be drastically reduced, the construction period can be shortened to 1/3, and the foundation construction can be completed. It can be said to be an invention.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of an independent footing formwork.

FIG. 2 is an upper end view of the above.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view in which a part of an independent footing form is omitted.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a bottom plate portion of the independent footing form.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view of a post portion in an independent footing form.

FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view showing an example of an arrangement state of base forming members.

FIG. 7 is a side view with a part cut away showing the relationship between the independent footing form and the cloth foundation panel.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the above.

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of an upper connecting metal piece.

FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a lower connecting metal piece.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Foundation forming member 2 Independent footing form 3 Cloth foundation panel

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An independent footing form (2) and a cloth foundation panel (3), and the independent footing form (2) is composed of a bottom part (4) and a post part (5). A member for forming a foundation, which is characterized in that 2. A method of forming a base, comprising the following steps. Step 1-Placing concrete (8) to form independent footing (10) after installation of independent footing form (2). From the second step to the installation of the cloth foundation panel (3) between the independent footings (10, 10), which are the parts corresponding to the conventional cloth foundation on the outer periphery of the building.