JPH0733521Y2 - Anti-slip device for hybrid vehicles - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is applied to an automobile. In particular, the present invention relates to a slip prevention device for a hybrid vehicle provided with an electric auxiliary accelerating braking device including a squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine that applies auxiliary accelerating force or braking force to a main shaft of an internal combustion engine that drives an axle.

〔Overview〕

The present invention detects the rotation of front wheels and rear wheels in a hybrid vehicle equipped with an electric auxiliary accelerating braking device that auxiliary accelerates or brakes an internal combustion engine that drives the axle of the vehicle, and based on the difference in the rotations. By controlling the auxiliary accelerating braking system, the wheels are prevented from slipping during braking or acceleration.

[Conventional technology]

As a method of preventing the slipping of the wheels of an automobile, the load applied to the internal combustion engine is reduced when the wheels are spinning during acceleration, so the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine rises in response to this load fluctuation, and this fluctuation in rotational speed The driver feels that the sound changes with, and returns the accelerator pedal, or visually confirms the change in the number of revolutions of the internal combustion engine with a tachometer to return the accelerator pedal, and also during slip during braking, An artificial method has been adopted in which the driver feels the slip condition by a slip sound and releases the brake pedal.

In order to realize such an artificial method by using the apparatus, the present applicant directly connects an armature of a cage-type polyphase induction machine to a main shaft of an internal combustion engine that drives an axle of an automobile, and An electric braking device that applies a rotating magnetic field to the stator of a polyphase induction machine and applies braking force or acceleration force to the rotation of the armature to provide auxiliary braking force or acceleration power including wheel slip prevention during deceleration or acceleration. And auxiliary accelerator for Japanese Patent Application No. 62-3627
8, Japanese Patent Application No. 62-36279, Japanese Patent Application No. 62-36280, Japanese Patent Application No. 62-362
81 (respectively JP-A-63-314101 and JP-A-63-20
6103, JP-A-63-265527, JP-A-63-2061
No. 01), and is currently in the testing stage.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

When a slip occurs, the driver must respond to the slip condition by detecting the slip condition by the change of engine sound, the change of rotation speed or the noise of the tire slip and operating the operation levers of the braking and auxiliary accelerators. .

Such an operation must be performed every time a slip occurs, which complicates driving and increases the burden on the driver.

An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem and to provide a device capable of automatically preventing wheel slip during acceleration or braking.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention is intended to prevent wheel slippage by utilizing an electric auxiliary accelerating braking means for supplementarily applying an acceleration force and a braking force to an internal combustion engine which is a main driving device of an automobile.

That is, the present invention relates to a squirrel cage multiphase induction machine (I) connected to a main shaft to which an internal combustion engine (En), which is a main drive unit of an automobile, is connected.
Is directly connected to the auxiliary acceleration braking device (I, In, E, CON
A hybrid vehicle equipped with an auxiliary acceleration braking device is a control circuit (CO) that controls acceleration force or braking force.
In an anti-slip device for a hybrid vehicle, which includes another braking device that mechanically brakes the vehicle separately from the auxiliary acceleration braking device, the rotation sensor (SS ₁ , SS ₂ ), and the output of this rotation sensor is taken into the control circuit (CONT), and the control circuit (CONT) controls the main acceleration by the auxiliary acceleration braking device to give auxiliary acceleration force or braking force to the spindle. When the output values of the rotation sensors for the front wheels and the rear wheels differ from each other by exceeding a predetermined value, the control means for controlling the auxiliary acceleration force or the braking force to be small is included.

The control circuit may include means for inhibiting the control of the control means for controlling the braking force to be small when the other braking device is in the operating state.

[Action]

During acceleration or braking of a vehicle, if the acceleration or braking force is too large, a difference in rotation occurs between the front wheels and the rear wheels. Therefore, the rotations of the front wheels and the rear wheels are electrically taken in, and when the two are compared and the rotations of the front wheels and the rear wheels differ by more than a predetermined value, the main shaft of the internal combustion engine that drives the axles is supplementarily assisted. An electric auxiliary acceleration braking device for accelerating or braking is used to weaken the braking action during braking and weaken the acceleration action during acceleration to automatically prevent wheel slip.

〔Example〕

 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the apparatus of this embodiment. The device according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises a cage-type polyphase induction machine I directly connected to an internal combustion engine En, a DC power source E, and a DC voltage of the DC power source E that is lower than the shaft rotation speed of the cage-type polyphase induction machine I. An inverter that converts an AC voltage having a frequency suitable for inducing a speed and a rotating magnetic field, supplies the AC voltage to a squirrel cage polyphase induction machine I, and converts AC power from the squirrel cage polyphase induction machine I into DC power. Means In, and a control circuit CONT for setting the frequency of the AC side voltage of the inverter means In.

In addition, a rotation sensor SS ₁ is installed on the front wheel WF and rear wheel WR of the vehicle.
And SS ₂ are mounted on this rotation sensor SS ₁ and SS ₂
The signal from is supplied to the control circuit CONT. Furthermore, this control circuit CONT has a rotation sensor SS mounted on the internal combustion engine En.
₀ and the display device provided in the driver's seat (not shown) are connected.

Next, the electrical operation of the device of this embodiment as an electric braking device will be described.

The rotor of the squirrel cage multiphase induction machine I is rotationally driven by the main shaft of the internal combustion engine En mounted on the automobile. When releasing or absorbing the mechanical energy of this rotating system to brake the traveling of the vehicle, a squirrel-cage multi-phase induction machine generates a rotating magnetic field having a lower rotation speed than the rotation speed of the rotor of the squirrel-cage multi-phase induction machine I. An exciting voltage having a frequency suitable for inducing the stator winding of I is applied from the DC power source E to the stator winding of the squirrel cage multiphase induction machine I via the inverter means In. As a result, the mechanical energy of the rotating system is converted into electrical energy,
The DC power source E is charged with this electric energy.

The control circuit CONT includes a device for controlling the degree of braking according to the driving of the vehicle in the inverter In.

When a large braking force is temporarily generated as the vehicle is driven, it is difficult to regenerate all the electric energy generated from the cage-type polyphase induction machine I to the DC power source E.
Heat energy is dissipated by a discharge resistor (not shown) through a switch circuit (not shown). The switch circuit includes a circuit that monitors a terminal voltage of the DC power supply and automatically connects a discharge resistor to both ends of the DC power supply when the terminal voltage exceeds a predetermined value.

FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram showing an example of an electric braking device according to the device of the present invention. In this embodiment, the squirrel cage polyphase induction machine I has three phases. The DC power source E and the squirrel cage polyphase induction machine I are connected by an inverter means In. The negative terminal E ₂ of the DC power supply E is connected to the common potential of this car.

The inverter means In includes switch elements Qa, Qb, Qc, Qd, Qe, Qf connected between each phase terminal of the squirrel cage polyphase induction machine I and the positive and negative terminals of the DC power source E. . Each of the switch elements Qa, Qb, Qc, Qd, Qe, and Qf is composed of a transistor and a diode connected in parallel in the reverse direction between the collector and emitter of the transistor. Further, the inverter means In includes an opening / closing control signal generating circuit PWM which gives an opening / closing control signal to the control electrodes of the switching elements Qa, Qb, Qc, Qd, Qe and Qf.

The inverter means In is specially designed for motor vehicles for the tests according to the invention, the basic technique of which is known. That is, the technique of controlling the rotating magnetic field of the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine according to the rotation of the rotor is an application of a technique adapted to, for example, an AC elevator or a crane.

A rotation sensor SS ₀ is attached to the internal combustion engine En to electrically detect the rotation of its main shaft. The pulse signal output from the rotation sensor SS ₀ becomes an analog signal representing the rotation speed by the digital / analog conversion circuit DA ₁ . This analog signal is connected to one input of the operational amplifier AMP, and is added or subtracted according to the polarity of the signal corresponding to the slip amount generated from the digital / analog conversion circuit DA ₂ . The output of the operational amplifier AMP is given to the above-mentioned switching control signal generation circuit PWM as the output frequency control reference of the inverter In. That is, a squirrel cage polyphase induction machine I, a rotation sensor SS ₀ , a digital / analog conversion circuit DA ₁ , an operational amplifier.
A negative feedback servo control loop is formed by the AMP and the inverter means In.

The slip amount is added to this negative feedback servo control loop, and the control means for generating this slip amount will be described. The control circuit CONT as this control means is composed of each circuit located at the lower left of FIG.
U, interface circuit IO, torque control circuit Tq, switches A ₁ and A ₂ that are linked to the accelerator pedal of the automobile, and a switch that also shows the transmission neutral
N ₁ and N ₂ , a switch that also works with the clutch pedal
Cl ₁ and Cl ₂ , the first switch operated by the driver
S ₁ , second switch S ₂ operated by the driver, internal combustion engine
Includes a switch KS that works with the En start key switch, and a digital-to-analog converter circuit DA ₂ . Switch S ₃ is an exhaust brake switch that has been conventionally provided,
It is connected to the exhaust brake circuit Ex.

The first switch S ₁ is a switch for instructing operation of auxiliary acceleration, and the second switch S ₂ is a switch for instructing operation of electric braking. The first switch S ₁ and the second switch S ₂ are
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, it is designed so that it can be operated by one operating lever 1 provided on the shaft of the handle, and this operating lever 1 is in the OFF position and the switches S ₁ and S ₂ are not operated. Both are open and switch S ₁ closes when in the acceleration position. Further, there are four braking positions, each of which is configured to sequentially close a plurality of contacts indicated by the switch S ₂ . The four braking positions allow the driver to adjust the degree of electric braking.

When the operating lever 1 is placed in the acceleration position, the degree of acceleration is determined by the depression amount of the accelerator pedal.
Apply to T ₁ to interface IO from torque control circuit Tq
It is configured to send a signal to.

The device experimentally manufactured for the above device can generate a driving force of about 50 horsepower (depending on the battery voltage) and a braking force of about 160 horsepower, and a sufficiently practical device can be designed. I found out. In the apparatus of this embodiment, the rotor of the squirrel cage multiphase induction machine I uses the internal combustion engine En.
Attached to the flywheel of, its diameter is about 530mm.

Among the parts constituting the control system of the embodiment apparatus shown in FIG. 2 described above, the large ones are the inverter means In and the DC power source E. The DC power supply E is equivalent to or slightly larger than that conventionally mounted in an automobile and can be practically used. Regarding the inverter means In, the volume of the switching elements Qa, Qb, Qc, Qd, Qe, Qf is large, but the device produced on a trial basis has a total volume of about 80 liters for a device that generates a braking force of 160 horsepower. And, it was able to be placed well under the body of the medium-duty truck. There is still room for this volume, and further miniaturization will be studied in the future. For example, since the inverter means In is composed of static electric parts with no moving parts, a plurality of switch elements Qa, Qb, Qc, Qd, Qe, Qf are distributed and arranged at different positions of one automobile. Therefore, it is possible to design and manufacture a vehicle in a sufficiently practical form for various automobiles.

In addition, it was found that the driving performance does not significantly change from the driving operation of the exhaust brake that has been conventionally used, and that sufficiently practical driving performance can be realized.

Since the electric braking device according to the present invention is a squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine of a rotating machine, the structure of the rotor portion is simple, and magnetic noise accompanying rotation is essentially not generated. That is, a practical device with extremely low rotational noise can be obtained.

In the above example, the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine is a three-phase type, but generally, a multiphase type can be similarly implemented.

Next, the operation of the device of the present invention using the electric braking device described above will be described. FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the operation of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the rotation difference of the front wheel WF and the rear wheel WR of the device of the present invention and the field correction value for correcting the speed of the rotating magnetic field. FIG.

The rotations of the front wheels WF and the rotations of the rear wheels WR during braking or acceleration are taken into the control circuit CONT by the rotation sensors SS ₁ and SS ₂ .

In the control circuit CONT, the rotation of the captured front wheels WF and the rear wheels
The rotations of WR are compared, and when the rotation difference exceeds a reference value, the current supplied from the DC power source E to the squirrel cage polyphase induction machine I through the inverter means In is braked by the field correction value Δ. The front wheels WF and the rear wheels are controlled by reducing the braking force at times and the driving force of the motor during acceleration.
Slip is automatically prevented by pressing the WR rotation difference within the reference value.

If the rotation difference is within the reference value, the front wheel WF and rear wheel
The rotation of WR is taken in and the operation of comparing both is repeated.

If a rotation difference occurs when the squirrel cage polyphase induction machine I is not used as an electric braking device, the control circuit CONT
Activates a display device (not shown) to notify the driver.

[Effect of device]

As described above, according to the present invention, in a hybrid vehicle, the auxiliary acceleration braking device is electrically controlled by detecting the rotation difference between the front wheel and the rear wheel that occurs during braking or acceleration during auxiliary acceleration braking control. By controlling the driving force transmitted to the drive shaft of the internal combustion engine, it is possible to automatically prevent slipping between the tire and the road surface during acceleration and braking, simplify the driving operation and reduce the burden on the driver. effective.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an electric braking acceleration device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram of the electric braking apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the operation of the electric braking acceleration device according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a field correction value with respect to a front-rear wheel rotation difference of the electric braking acceleration device according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a driver's seat according to the electric braking and acceleration device of the present invention. En ... Internal combustion engine, I ... Cage type polyphase induction machine, CONT ... Control circuit, In ... Inverter means, WF ... Front wheel, WR ... Rear wheel, E ... DC power supply, SS ₀ , SS ₁ , SS ₂ ... Rotation sensor.

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A squirrel cage polyphase induction machine (I) is directly connected to a main shaft to which an internal combustion engine (En), which is a main drive unit of an automobile, is connected, and an auxiliary acceleration force or A hybrid vehicle equipped with an auxiliary acceleration braking device (I, In, E, CONT) for giving a braking force, wherein the auxiliary acceleration braking device includes a control circuit (CONT) for controlling the acceleration force or the braking force. In a slip prevention device for a hybrid vehicle, which is provided with another braking device that mechanically brakes the vehicle in addition to the braking device, a rotation sensor (SS ₁ , SS ₁ ,
SS ₂ ) and the output of this rotation sensor is the control circuit (CON
The control circuit (CONT) outputs the output values of the rotation sensors for the front and rear wheels to the specified value when the auxiliary acceleration braking device controls the spindle to provide auxiliary acceleration or braking force. A slip prevention device for a hybrid vehicle, comprising a control means for controlling an auxiliary acceleration force or a braking force to be small when the values are different from each other. 2. The slip prevention device for a hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the control circuit includes means for prohibiting control of a control means for controlling the braking force to be small when another braking device is in an operating state.