JPH07316916A - Method for producing conjugate fiber with excellent splittability - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain conjugate yarn having excellent spinning properties, advantageous for providing peach skin-tone cloth, by extremely splitting plural kinds of molten polymers having different extraction rates with a chemical into a layer state using a stationary blending element and supplying the split polymers to nozzle holes under specific conditions. CONSTITUTION:Plural kinds of molten polymers having different extraction rates with a chemical and weight loss rates are extremely split in a layer state by a stationary blending element and they are fed from polymer feed points 4 to nozzle holes 3 arranged on the circumference of a spinneret plate 1. The polymers are fed from only either side of a right and a left sides to any two adjoining nozzle holes on the circumference. Conjugate yarn of multi-layer bonding and splitting type in which the constituent polymers are mutually laminated from four to 140 layers as a strip-like layer or a layer similar to the strip shape when the section of the yarn is watched and the laminated face is at least partially exposed to the surface of the yarn is obtained.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a multi-layer structure in which two or three kinds of polymers having different drug reduction rates or extraction rates are laminated in a strip shape or a similar shape in a cross section of a fiber into a large number of layers. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing a split-joint type composite fiber, and more specifically, a splitting method in which the multiple laminated polymer layers do not form an annual ring-shaped laminated structure such that one layer covers the other layer. The present invention relates to a method for producing a composite fiber having excellent properties. Such a multilayer bonded splittable conjugate fiber is made into a fabric using the fiber, and then the laminated state is released by reducing or extracting the polymer component having a faster rate of weight loss or extraction with a drug, and A fine fibrillated layer (i.e., ultrafine fibers) is used, whereby a characteristic fabric having a so-called "peach skin" touch, texture, and appearance can be obtained.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Multi-layered, joint-splitting type composite fibers using a multi-component polymer are known per se because they can give a fabric having the characteristics as described above, and many manufacturing methods for obtaining the composite fibers are also proposed. Has been done. However, in order to obtain a composite fiber having a structure in which a plurality of polymer components are laminated in a strip shape or a plurality of layer shapes having a similar shape when viewed in a fiber cross section, the multi-layered bonded split type composite fiber is obtained. For example, the method conventionally known as a method for producing a polymer array fiber for producing a so-called sea-island structure composite fiber requires a number of spinning head nozzle structures corresponding to the number of layers, and the number of layers is There are many problems in terms of manufacturing, cost, maintenance, and maintenance, and there is a limit to the number of layers.

Another method is, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 47.
-45611, using a spinneret having a multi-layered mixer consisting of a liquid reservoir and passages, two kinds of polymer streams are combined in the mixer, and then divided.
There is also known a method in which integration is repeated, and the fibers are guided to a spinning hole and discharged to obtain a composite fiber having a multi-layer mixed structure having a cross-section of multi-island sea or nebula. However, also in this method, it is inevitable that the spinneret having a mixer for controlling the mixed state of the liquid flow becomes extremely large and complicated,
This is the same as the above-mentioned case in that much labor is required for manufacturing, maintenance, and maintenance, and the cost is increased.

Still another method is, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
As disclosed in JP-A-3-135539, two types of polymer streams are brought together at the spinneret head, and then the two
A method is also known in which a laminar flow is passed through a static kneading element to be divided into multiple layers, and then the divided flow is guided to a nozzle hole and discharged to obtain a laminated composite fiber. This method is performed by using a static kneading element in order to obtain a multi-layer flow from a two-layer flow, and it is possible to overcome the difficulty of manufacturing, maintaining, and maintaining the spinneret portion in the above-mentioned method and to reduce the cost. is there.

However, in this method, since the multi-layer flow after the multi-layer division is simply guided to the nozzle hole and discharged, the obtained fiber has a multi-layered polymer layer on one side when viewed in its cross section. A layer often has a fibrous structure that covers the other layer with each other, that is, a so-called annual ring-shaped laminated structure, and one layer does not cover the other layer with each other, that is, a laminated polymer. There is a problem in that it is not possible to stably obtain a multi-layer bonded split type composite fiber having a laminated structure in which at least a part of the laminated surface of the layers is exposed on the fiber surface. And, this is exactly the same even in the case of the above other manufacturing method, when the multi-layered flow is simply guided to the nozzle hole and discharged.

[0006] In the case of a multi-layer bonded split type composite fiber, when the laminated state is unraveled at a later stage and divided into finer polymer layer units, as seen in a cross section of the fiber, multiple laminated polymer layers are If one layer has a ring-shaped laminated structure in which the other layer covers each other, it becomes difficult to divide it into each polymer layer unit, and it also takes time and deteriorates the polymer physical properties. ,
It is not desirable. Therefore, it is required that the laminated surface of the multi-layered polymer layer is exposed to the fiber surface as much as possible so that the polymer layer unit can be easily divided. Further, when such a splittable conjugate fiber is used, if the number of split layers is only a few layers, the fineness of the fibrillated unit after splitting is large, and it is difficult to exhibit the desired characteristics of the fabric. Further, even if the fibrils after the division have a very fine circular cross section, it is difficult to exhibit the peculiarity of the fabric. Therefore, there is a demand for a split-joint type fiber having a greater number of layers in which the laminated unit is a strip or a layer having a similar shape.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a multilayer bonded split type composite fiber having a strip-shaped layer or a layer having a similar shape by spinning a multi-layer laminated flow composed of a multi-component polymer. The purpose of the present invention is to establish a manufacturing method for reliably and stably obtaining a composite fiber in which the multi-layered polymer layer does not form a laminated structure having an annual ring shape in cross section. Further, the present invention provides a method for producing such a composite fiber, which is easy to manufacture in terms of equipment and is easy to maintain and maintain during the production of the fiber, and thus is inexpensive.

[0008]

As a result of intensive studies on the above problems, the present inventors have found that the object can be achieved by the following constitution. That is,
The present invention has two different drug weight loss or extraction rates.
Or 3 types of molten polymers are layered and guided to a static kneading element to be multi-divided, and the multi-divided polymers are introduced into nozzle holes arranged on the circumference of a spinning metal plate, melt-spun, and viewed in a fiber cross section. The constituent polymers are laminated in 4 to 140 layers in the form of strips or similar shapes, and at least a part of the laminated surface of the laminated polymer layer is exposed on the fiber surface. A method for producing a multi-layered joint split type composite fiber, wherein when introducing the multi-split polymer into nozzle holes arranged on the circumference of a spinning metal plate, whichever of the adjacent circumferences With respect to the two nozzle holes, the polymer is supplied so that the supply of the polymer is always satisfied only from the right or left side of the both nozzle holes. Split characterized by Excellent is a method for producing a composite fiber. Further, in the present invention, in order to further increase the number of nozzle holes, that is, when the nozzle holes are spinning metal plates of multiple array nozzle holes arrayed on a plurality of circles, the number of nozzle holes on one circle row is increased. A circumferential weir is provided in the middle of both circumferential rows of nozzle holes and nozzle holes on other circumferential rows adjacent to each other, and the nozzle holes on each circumferential row have the above-mentioned for each circumferential row. In the method for producing a composite fiber having excellent splittability, which is configured such that the described polymer supply is performed, and the polymer supplied to the nozzle holes on each circumferential row is not supplied to the nozzle holes on other circumferential rows. is there.

[0009]

According to the present invention, in order to guide the laminated flow from the multi-component polymer to a large number of nozzle holes arranged on the circumferential row, each nozzle hole is provided only on one side thereof. Providing only from one supply point eliminates the disturbance of supply due to supply from multiple points. Perhaps because the cross-section does not form a laminated structure with an annual ring shape. The fiber can be stably obtained.

The present invention will be described in more detail below. The multi-layered split type conjugate fiber of the present invention is required to be composed of two to three kinds of fiber-forming polymers which have mutual affinity and have different drug weight loss rates or extraction rates. As a combination of such polymers, any known combination of two or three types of spinnable polymers can be adopted depending on the intended cloth.

Examples of such a fiber-forming polymer include:
Typical examples are polyester and polyamide, and also polyolefin, polystyrene, polymethacrylic acid ester, polyvinyl acetal, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl halide, polyacrylonitrile, vinylidene halide and the like. These polymers may be modified within a range not impairing the spinnability thereof, that is, may be those partially copolymerized with the third component, may be grafted with a low molecular weight substance, and may also be various types. An additive may be added.

Among them, the polyesters include homopolyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethyleneoxybenzoate, polydimethylcyclohexane terephthalate and polypivalolactone, and isophthalic acid, sulfo as a part of the acid component of these polyester components. Examples thereof include those obtained by copolymerizing isophthalic acid or copolymerizing polyethylene glycol or polypropylene glycol as a part of the polyhydric alcohol component.

As the polyamide, nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 610, nylon 11, nylon 12, a condensate of bis (paraaminocyclohexyl) methane and dodecane diacid, or a copolymer of these polyamide-forming components is used. And those obtained by copolymerizing other dicarboxylic acids and diamines.

In the present invention, the difference in weight loss rate or extraction rate with a drug means that there is a difference in solubility between organic and inorganic drugs, or in the case of polyester, a drug such as caustic soda which acts as a hydrolyzing agent. Says that there is a difference in resistance.

For example, when the same type of polyester polymer is used as the polymer to be combined, polyethylene terephthalate and a polyester obtained by copolymerizing a part of the acid component of polyethylene terephthalate with sulfoisophthalic acid,
Block polyether polyester in which part of the polyhydric alcohol component is replaced with polyethylene glycol, or
A combination of a part of the acid component and a part of the polyhydric alcohol component with a block polyether polyester modified with the above-mentioned sulfoisophthalic acid and polyethylene glycol is preferable.

The polymers of such combination are each melted by a known melting device. Thereafter, the molten polymer stream collects them in layers and guides them to a static kneading element for splitting. For the division in the static kneading element part, it is preferable to use a number of elements which is approximately 2 ⁴ to 2 ¹⁶ ( ^{16 to} 4096) in calculation, whereby
The cross-section of the fibers discharged from each nozzle can practically obtain a multi-layered composite fiber in which 4 to 140 layers are laminated. When the number of divisions is smaller than the above range, the fibrils after division are relatively large, the peculiarity of the fabric cannot be exhibited so much, and when the number of divisions is larger than this, the division is large. Both are not preferable because the fibrils after the separation and division are too fine and the fiber properties are deteriorated.
A more preferable division here is to use elements having the number of elements of 7 to 10.

In order to carry out such a division, in the present invention, by using a so-called static kneading element, the operation in actual operation can be performed without producing a special spinneret which is difficult to manufacture, maintain and maintain. However, any known static kneading element can be used as long as it is a static kneading element capable of performing the above-mentioned division. For example, as typical examples, "static mixer" (trade name) by Kenix, "high mixer" (trade name) by Toray Engineering, "ISG mixer" (trade name) by ROSS,
Examples include "Sulzer mixer" (trade name) manufactured by Sulzer. From the above-mentioned number of divisions, the number of these static kneading elements is from 4 to 16 in the case of a two-division type such as "static mixer", and a more preferable range is from 7 to 10 and four-division such as "ISG mixer". In the case of the type, the number is about half that in the case of the two-division type.

The most important point in the method of the present invention is to introduce the layered polymer divided by the division with the static kneading element into a large number of nozzle holes arranged on the circumference of the spinning metal plate. To always satisfy the relationship that the polymer is supplied to any two nozzle holes adjacent to each other on the circumference from only one of the left and right sides to the both nozzle holes. It is the point of composing and supplying.

This relationship is shown in the drawings by the examples of FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a plan view of the spinning metal plate 1, and FIG. 2 shows the spinning metal plate 1 and the flow dividing plate 2 thereon. FIG. That is, in the method of the present invention, the layered divided polymer exiting the static kneading element portion is supplied to the nozzle holes 3, ... On the spinning metal plate 1 through each supply passage of the flow dividing plate 2. However, as shown in FIG. 1, the polymer supply point 4 to each of the nozzle holes is configured to be supplied to each of the nozzle holes 3, ... Only from one of the left and right sides thereof. More specifically, the supply point 4 is configured such that the outlet end of the polymer supply path of the flow distribution plate 2 on the spin-metal plate 1 becomes the polymer supply point 4 of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the spinning metal plate 1 showing an example in which the nozzle holes 3 are arranged on two inner and outer circumferential rows in order to increase the number of the nozzle holes 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the nozzle holes 3 ₁ , arranged on the circumference of each row,
... or 3 _2, the feed point of the polymer to ... are, each nozzle hole 3 ₁ of each column, ... or 3 _2, with respect to.., Either one of the left and right Only from the side of 4 ₁ , ...
Or 4 _2, but be configured to be supplied with ... are the same as those of FIG. 1, when a multi-row arrangement shown in this figure, in the intermediate portion of the circumference columns next phase It is important to provide a circumferential weir 5 so that the polymer supplied to the nozzle holes on each circumferential row is not supplied to the nozzle holes on another circumferential row.

The present inventors have made various studies on the lamination relationship between the polymer feeding point and the obtained conjugate fiber. An example thereof is shown in plan views of the respective spinning metal plates 1 of FIGS. 4 (a), (b), (c) and (d). In each of the illustrated examples, the nozzle holes arranged on the inner and outer circumferential rows are arranged so as to be on the same line in the radial direction of the metal plate 1, and the middle of the inner and outer circumferential rows is arranged. In the example in which a weir is not provided in the part, (a) shows each nozzle hole 3 ₁ , ... Or 3 ₂ ,.
······················································································································ From each nozzle hole 3 ₁ , ···, 3 ₂ , ··· An example in which the supply point 4 is provided at approximately the midpoint of the above, (c) is similar to (b), but each nozzle hole 3 ₁ , ..., 3 ₂ , ...
An example in which the polymer supply point 4 to the nozzle is configured to be supplied only from one of the left and right sides of each nozzle hole, (d) shows each nozzle hole 3 ₁ , ..., 3 on two circumferential rows. _{In this example} , the polymer supply points 4 to ₂ , ... Are supplied only from one of the left and right sides of each nozzle hole on each circumferential row.

In the case of adopting the polymer supply structure of the present invention, as shown in the cross-sectional view of the composite fiber in FIG. 5, both left and right end surfaces 6 of the laminated surface of the laminated polymer layer (at least depending on the case). 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D in which the structure of the method of the present invention is not adopted, while the end face 6) on either side is exposed on the fiber surface. In the case of the configuration described above, as illustrated in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 6A or 6B, the laminated polymer layer is in a state of one or a plurality of annual rings, and the laminated polymer layer is the other layer. This results in a laminated structure that is surrounded, and with such a structure, it becomes difficult for each layer of the laminated polymer layer to be subsequently divided into fibrils by a drug.

[0023]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Example 1; 5 mol% of sulfoisophthalic acid is copolymerized,
2% by weight of polyethylene glycol was copolymerized [η]
= 0.63 modified polyethylene terephthalate,
[Η] = 0.68 regular polyethylene terephthalate was used, and these were melted by each extruder and extruded at a ratio of 1 part of the former polymer (A) to 2 parts of the latter polymer (B), and a two-layer flow The two-layer flow was guided to the spinning device shown in FIG. 7 to spin the composite fiber. In FIG. 7, the spinning device comprises a cup portion 7, a dividing portion 9 in which a stationary kneading element 8 is arranged, a flow dividing plate 2, and a spinning metal plate 1.

In this case, a static mixer was used as the static kneading element 8, and 9 elements were arranged so that it was divided into 512 parts. As shown in FIG. 2, the spinning metal plate 1 is one in which nozzle holes are arranged on two inner and outer circumferential rows, that is, a double-arranged nozzle metal sheet, and an outer row and an inner row. A metal plate provided with a weir 5 in a circumferential shape was provided between them.
Moreover, the supply of the divided polymer to the nozzle holes on each circumferential row defines the outlet end of the supply passage of the flow dividing plate 2 so as to become the polymer supply point 4 in FIG. Nozzle holes in one circumferential row were 18 holes in both the outer circumference and the inner circumference, and each Y-section nozzle hole had a nozzle hole area of 0.08 mm ² .

Spinning speed 1000 m / min, discharge rate 28.0
It was wound up at g / min, preheated at 80 ° C. with a hot roller, stretched at 3.3 times, and heat set at 130 ° C. on a hot plate to obtain a composite fiber of 75 denier / 36 filaments. The cross section of all of these 36 conjugate fibers was observed, and 18 to 100 layers of the polymer components (A) and (B) were laminated in a strip shape and a shape similar thereto in the cross section. None of the multi-layered composite fibers had a tree-ring-shaped structure in which one layer wraps the other layer together.

Using this composite fiber as a warp / weft,
After weaving a plain weave of 50 strands / inch and weft of 80 strands / inch, weight loss treatment was performed for 15 minutes with a 1N caustic soda solution at 100 ° C. to obtain a weight loss rate of 20%. The composite fibers in this fabric were completely fibrillated by alkali weight loss, the fabric was dark colored and had a soft hand with a peachy touch.

[0027]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, in the case of producing a multi-layered joint split type composite fiber, the polymer laminated structure of the conjugate fiber is stable to the composite fiber having excellent splittability which does not form an annual ring structure in cross section. In addition, we have established a manufacturing method that can be surely manufactured, and this type of composite fiber can be produced at low cost and its product range can be expanded,
It is of great practical value.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an example of a spinning metal plate used in the method of the present invention, and is a diagram for explaining the position of a polymer stream supply port to a nozzle hole on the metal plate.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an example showing the relationship between the spinning metal plate and the flow distribution plate in the method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of another embodiment of the spun metal plate used in the method of the present invention, showing the position and weir of the polymer stream supply port to the nozzle holes on the metal plate when the nozzle holes are in multiple arrangement. It is a figure for explaining.

4 (a), (b), (c), and (d) are plan views of a spinning metal plate for explaining an example of a polymer stream supply port position as a comparative example in the method of the present invention. is there.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a multi-layer bonded split type conjugate fiber obtained by the method of the present invention.

6 (a) and 6 (b) are transverse cross-sectional views of an example of a multi-layered conjugate fiber obtained by supplying a polymer as a comparative example in the method of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a spinning device used in the method of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Spinning Metal Plate 2 Flow Dividing Plate 3 Nozzle Hole 4 Polymer Supply Point 5 Weir 6 Polymer Layer Laminated End Face 7 Cup Part 8 Static Mixing Element 9 Dividing Part

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Two or three kinds of molten polymers having different weight loss rates or extraction rates with a drug are introduced into a static kneading element in layers to be multi-divided, and the multi-divided polymers are placed on the circumference of a spinning metal plate. It is introduced into the arranged nozzle holes, melt-spun, and seen in the fiber cross section, the constituent polymers are laminated in 4 to 140 layers in the form of strips or similar shapes, and the laminated polymer layer A method for producing a multi-layer, bonded split-type composite fiber having a laminated structure in which at least a part of the laminated surface is exposed on the fiber surface, wherein the multi-divided polymer is arranged on the circumference of a spinning metal plate. When guiding to the nozzle holes, the polymer is supplied to any two adjacent nozzle holes on the circumference from only one of the left and right sides of the both nozzle holes. Always satisfy your relationship The method for producing a composite fiber having excellent splittability, characterized in that the composite fiber is configured and supplied. 2. When the nozzle hole is a spinning metal plate of multiple array nozzle holes arranged on a plurality of circumferences, the nozzle holes on one circumference row are adjacent to the nozzles on another circumference row. A circular weir is provided in the middle of both circumferential rows of the holes and the polymer is supplied to the nozzle holes on each circumferential row for each circumferential row, and the polymer supplied to the nozzle holes on each circumferential row is supplied. 2. The method for producing a conjugate fiber having excellent splittability according to claim 1, wherein the composite fiber is configured so as not to be supplied to the nozzle holes on other circumferential rows. 3. The constituent polymer of the composite fiber comprises polyethylene terephthalate and modified polyethylene terephthalate obtained by partially copolymerizing the acid component and / or polyhydric alcohol component with the third component, and the respective alkali weight loss rates. A method for producing a conjugate fiber having excellent splittability, which is a polyester-based polymer having a different composition.