JPH07313529A - Dental implant constituting body and installing method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reliably fix a constituting body to a jawbone part by smootly inserting and embedding it, and improve prognosis over a long period of time by forming a single constituting body by connecting an implant body which has a crew thread and whose diameter is reduced as a position proceeds to the tip side to an abutment and a fixed screw to a healing cap. CONSTITUTION:This dental implant constituting body fas an abutment embedding-installing polygonal recessed part in a head part 11 of an implant body 10, and forms a smooth curved surface in an outside edge part 12 of the head part 11, and has a screw thread 13 in a body part, and is diametrically reduced as a position proceeds to the tip 14. A single constituting body is formed by embedding-installing and connecting the implant body 10 in/to an abutment and a fixed screw in/to a healing cap. In this implant body 10, the body part is a gingiva penetrating type, and when it is embedded, there is no need to perform a twice method operation, and it can be embedded by a one time method operation. It can be easily inserted into an implant bed such as the gingiva or a jawbone, and does not become unstable to occlusion pressure, so that stability is obtained.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dental implant structure, and more particularly to improvement of an implant body and an abutment which are implant structures.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional implant placement method is as follows. First, after implanting a so-called dental root implant main body (see FIG. 8) into an implant hole formed in the jawbone, as shown in FIG. 10 or FIG. It was common practice to screw the abutment and attach the denture onto it. This is a so-called two-piece type method, but there was also a so-called one-piece method in which the implant body and the abutment were integrally formed.

Further, regarding the implant body or the implant structure, the conventional implant body 1
As shown in FIG. 8, No. 01 has a circular cross-section concave portion 104 that is a screw hole in its head portion 106 and a screw thread in the body portion, and the outer edge portion of the head portion 106 has a first acute angle portion 102 and a second acute angle portion. The implant main body 101 has an acute-angled portion such as the acute-angled portion 105, and the distal end portion 107 of the implant body 101 is not tapered, and constitutes a substantially cylindrical end portion where the body portion is suddenly terminated. Further, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the conventional abutment is configured to be screwed to the implant body.

[0004]

However, the conventional implant body (see FIG. 8) cannot be easily inserted into the jawbone because of the above-mentioned configuration, and the gingival punch, round bar, spiral drill, and depth measuring gauge are not provided. It was necessary to make a proper hole for implant insertion. That is, in the conventional implant body, the tip portion 107 is not tapered and constitutes a substantially columnar end portion where the body portion suddenly ends, so unless the hole is accurately drilled to the target position in advance. , It is impossible to fine-tune because it does not have the ability to progress. Further, the head portion 106 of the conventional implant body has what is called a first acute angle portion 102 and a second acute angle portion 105, and the feeling of tongue is poor even after denture installation. Particularly in elderly people, since the gums tend to fall and the root portion tends to appear, the second acute angle portion 105 is also exposed from the gum, and the tongue feeling becomes worse.

Further, since the conventional abutment (see FIGS. 10 and 11) has the screw portions 110 and 111, the abutment shown in FIG.
It is configured to be screwed into the circular recess 104 which is a screw path as shown in FIG. In this case, the screw portion gradually loosens after the implant or the implant component is installed, and eventually causes instability of the denture itself. Therefore, the present invention, while solving the problems in the implant structure such as the conventional implant body and abutment described above, smooth insertion into the jawbone portion of the implant body, and the implant structure is reliably fixed to prognosis. The main purpose is to maintain good tongue feeling after placement of the denture, as well as to improve the long term.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems An implant main body having a screw portion to be embedded in a jawbone, an abutment corresponding to a crown portion for fixing a denture, a fixing screw connecting the abutment and the implant main body, and the abutment. In a dental implant structure composed of a healing cap screwed to the upper end of the head, the implant body has a polygonal recess with a polygonal cross section for abutment fitting in the head. The outer edge of the part constitutes a smooth curved surface, the body part has threads, and further, the implant body is a solid type (solid type), and becomes smaller in diameter toward the tip side, The implant body, the abutment, the fixed screw, and the healing cap are fitted and connected to form a single body. Together to provide a dental implant structure characterized the door also provides an installation method using the structure.

[0007] Preferably, this implant body has one or more slits provided in the longitudinal direction that become wider toward the tip, and the outer surface shape of the implant body and the abutment in a connected state is It is desirable to draw a smooth streamline. Further, in the above abutment, the fitting portion that fits into the head of the implant body constitutes a polygonal cross-section convex section that fits with the polygonal cross-section concave section provided in the implant body head, and from the abutment upper part The extending small screw thread for the fixed screw also penetrates the convex portion, and has a large screw path having substantially the same width as the head portion of the fixed screw so as to be screwed to the upper part of the abutment with a healing cap. .

Further, in the deformed abutment, first, an implant hole is bored in the jawbone, and the implant main body is screwed into it, and the implant main body is screwed into the polygonal cross-section concave portion. Inserting a polygonal cross-sectional convex portion of the lower end of the deformed abutment configured to fit, and further a screw path provided in the longitudinal axis direction of the polygonal convex cross-section of the modified abutment and the same width as the screw path. , Using the machine screw path in the center of the implant body at the same position,
A fixing screw is configured to fix the deformed abutment to the implant body in a desired inclined state.

[0009]

The distal end portion (root apex portion) of the implant body according to the present invention is made smaller in diameter toward the distal end side, and the tooth root portion (body portion) of the implant body is a so-called gingiva penetrating type. First, there is no need to perform a so-called two-step operation for incising (peeling) and implanting the implant body.
It is possible to implant the implant body by circumcision surgery. That is, due to the reduced diameter of the tip of the implant body, it is easy to insert into the so-called implant floor such as gingiva and jawbone,
Further, since the shape is close to that of a natural tooth root, stability can be obtained without wobbling against occlusal pressure.

Further, the same effect as above is obtained in that the tooth root portion (body portion) of the implant main body has one or more slits provided in the longitudinal direction that become wider toward the distal end portion. can get. Since the outer edge of the head of the implant body constitutes a smooth curved surface instead of an acute angle,
Both the operator and the patient can avoid uncomfortable surgery and lead to a stable prognosis. In addition, since the head of the implant body has a concave section with a polygonal cross section for mounting the abutment and the abutment has a convex section with a polygonal cross section that fits into the head of the implant body, the abutment can be securely fitted. Wearable and smooth implant surgery is provided.

Further, in the deformed abutment having the polygonal convex section, in addition to the above-mentioned action, it can be fitted to the implant body in a desired inclined state according to the angle of the denture, and fixed with a fixing screw. Therefore, the number of parts can be reduced. Incidentally, in addition to the features of the implant body according to the present invention, the implant structure such as abutment as described above, since the implant body is a solid type (solid type), dead space does not occur and resistance to infection is high. It also increases the strength of the implant construct placement.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of an implant body according to an embodiment of the present invention. The feature of this implant body 10 is that the conventional implant body 1 shown in FIGS.
Although it is easier to understand when compared with 01, the implant head 1 which is usually located in the gingival layer as shown in FIG.
06 does not have the first and second acute angle portions 102 and 105, and the outer edge 12 of the head portion 11 has a smooth curved surface instead of an acute angle. As a result, the tongue feeling is good even when the head is exposed in the oral cavity, and the tongue and oral mucosa are not damaged.

Even if bone resorption occurs, the surface of the intermediate portion between the implant body head 11 and the thread 13 of the body portion, that is, about 1 mm directly below the boundary between the gingiva and the jawbone during mounting, is polished, so that bone resorption occurs. It is designed so that plaque does not easily attach.
Further, the cross section of the head portion 11 is a polygonal concave portion, and has a circular screw hole (not shown in FIG. 1) having a cross section for abutment fitting deeper than the concave portion at the center thereof. There is. Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 9, a flat head 10
3, which is different from having a circular cross-section concave portion 104 in the central portion. By providing the concave portion having a polygonal cross section (see FIG. 2) in this manner, rotation of the implant main body or the structural body is prevented, and stability of prognosis is obtained.

Further, the tip portion (root apex) 14 of the body portion having the thread 13 has a structure in which the diameter is reduced toward the tip side. The conventional implant body 101 (see FIG. 8)
It is not a substantially cylindrical shape like the tip portion 107 of
If the tip portion has even a slight self-progressive ability, the tip portion 14 in FIG. 1 to the sharpened tip portion are included. Usually, in implant surgery, to implant the implant body, first a gingival punch, a round bar, a spiral drill or the like is used to make a hole, and then a depth measuring gauge is used to confirm whether or not the desired depth has been reached. However, in the implant body according to the present invention, it is needless to say that the above-mentioned gingival punch may not be necessary, and when a slight deviation occurs in the depth of the drilled hole, the self-advancing ability makes fine adjustment. can do.

Further, it is desirable that it is made of titanium plasma-processed in order to remove powders, particles, bacteria, etc. and obtain a tough implant body, but it is not necessarily limited to this. Furthermore, in order to prevent plaque from adhering to the implant body even if bone resorption occurs, the gingiva when the implant body is embedded in the jawbone and the upper part of the root part located approximately 1 MM just below the boundary of the jawbone are polished. is there. It should be noted that since the body portion (root portion) of the implant body according to the present invention is solid (solid) rather than hollow, not only manufacturing cost can be reduced, but also a dead space after implantation is prevented from occurring and a strong implant. It is possible to provide a construct.

FIG. 2 (B) is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the implant body of the present invention in which a tooth root (trunk) is provided with a slit, and FIG. 2 (A) shows the same. It is the schematic which looked at the implant main body from the head 11 side front view, and FIG.2 (C) is the schematic which looked at this implant main body from the front end part 14 side in which the slit 17 was provided. As shown in FIG. 2 (B), the implant body of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is provided with slits 17.
The slit 17 is provided at the apex or the tip 14 of the implant body 10, and is one or two or more provided in the longitudinal direction that becomes wider toward the tip. By providing this groove (slit), the implant main body is relatively smoothly inserted into the jawbone, and the contact area with the bone or the regenerated bone is increased, so that the implant component can be stably installed.

As shown in FIG. 2 (A), a polygonal recess or a screw hole 16 is provided in the head portion 11 of the implant body 10, and the screw hole 16 is deeper than the polygonal recess 15. You can understand that it is worn. This polygonal recess 1
5 is for inserting the polygonal convex part 34 of the abutment 23, and the screw hole 16 is for fixing with the fixing screw 22. Further, FIG. 2C is a view of the implant body 10 as seen from the front of the distal end portion 14 side, and in this case, three slits are shown. The number of slits can be appropriately set as long as the screw action of the screw thread 13 is not lost. The shape of this slit is preferably a spiral groove along the flow of the screw thread 13 as much as possible, but is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the implant body 10, that is, with respect to the plane of the head 11 of the implant body. It may be provided at a right angle.

FIG. 3 shows an abutment 23 fitted to the head of the implant body and the abutment 2
3 shows a fixing screw 22 for fixing the implant body 10 and the implant body 10, and a healing cap 21 for constructing an implant structure for screwing the abutment 23 to the head and mounting a denture. The order of joining in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C is indicated by an arrow. That is, the polygonal convex portion 34 provided on the lower portion of the abutment 23 in the fitted state as shown in the drawing.
Is a portion to be inserted and fitted into the implant body 10 in a close contact state, and the abutment has a large screw passage 32 for the healing cap 21 provided on the upper portion thereof,
Further, at the center of the large screw passage 32, the fixing screw 2
A machine screw thread 33 for 2 is provided.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3B, the body portion of the fixed screw 22 is provided with a thread 26, and the head portion 29 is provided with a screw groove 27 for tightening. ing. Further, the healing cap 21 is shown in FIG. 3 (A), and has a thread (thread portion) 24 larger than the fixing screw 22. This part
It is screwed into the so-called healing cap recess 31 of the abutment 23. A screw groove 25 is provided at the center of the upper portion of the healing cap head portion 28. With the above configuration, the implant component can be securely fitted and integrated in the state shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing the whole of the components of the implant combined together. In this case, the implant body 10 used has the slit 17 according to the second embodiment shown in FIG.

According to this figure, an abutment is fitted into the implant body 10, and it is screwed through the small screw passage 33 with the fixing screw 22, and the healing cap 21 is screwed onto the head of the abutment 23. You can understand how it is stopped. Further, according to the figure, the implant body 10 is drilled up to the gingival layer 36 located above the jaw bone layer (not shown), and the abutment and healing cap corresponding to the crown portion are covered on the implant body 10. The state in which the denture 35 is attached can be understood from. By the way, the head part of the implant body 10, that is, the abutment part may be installed in a state where it slightly appears above the gingiva. In such a case, or when the gingiva of an elderly person falls and the gingival layer becomes thin and the head 11 of the implant body 10 appears in a gingiva form, the significance of the improvement of the head portion of the implant body 10 according to the present invention is significant. Will be demonstrated.
Then, with the implant structure as shown in FIG. 4, it is possible to attach a denture that is as close as possible to a non-artificial tooth, and to secure a stable prognosis.

FIG. 5 shows a modified abutment 37 according to the present invention. This modified abutment
Since there are individual differences in the inclination of the teeth, the inclination of the teeth is set to a certain degree in order to match the angle of the teeth, especially the angles of other teeth. The deformed abutment 37 does not have the threaded portion 111 of the conventional deformed abutment 109 as shown in FIG. 11, but the insertion portion into the implant body has the polygonal convex portion 38 in cross section. That is, the conventional deformed abutment 109 is screwed into the implant main body by the threaded portion 111, but is inserted in a state in which it is in close contact with the implant abutment 23 in the same manner as when the abutment 23 is inserted into the implant main body 10. That is why. Then, in the inserted state, a threaded hole formed perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction (see FIG. 6) of the polygonal convex portion 38 of the deformed abutment 37 is inserted, and a small size of the same size that is also provided on the implant body 10. It is screwed with a fixing screw 26 so as to penetrate to the screw path. In this case, unlike the case of a normal abutment, the healing cap is in principle unnecessary. This is because the head of the modified abutment 37 also serves as the healing cap.

Although the conventional abutment 108 is shown in FIG. 10, it has a threaded portion 110 like the conventional deformed abutment 109 of FIG. 11 and is configured to be screwed to the implant body. There is. FIG. 7 is a third example showing a combined implant construct.
That is, according to this structure, a so-called streamlined structure is formed, which does not have a protruding portion or an acute angle portion such that the tongue or the like feels an obstacle even in the combined state. This is because the implant body 10 is almost the same as the previous embodiment, but because the shape of the abutment 23 is configured to be completely integral with the implant body 10 when fitted. It has a streamlined structure. The technical or medical effect of this construct is great.

[0023]

As described above in detail with reference to the examples, the following various effects can be obtained by the improvement of the implant main body and the abutment according to the present invention. First,
Since the outer edge of the head of the implant body is not an acute angle but a smooth curved surface, both the operator and the patient remove discomfort during the operation, and the head of the implant body keeps the oral cavity during the 3-month load-free period. The tongue feeling is good without damaging the tongue and oral mucosa when exposed inside or afterwards. Further, since the tip of the implant body has a reduced diameter, it is not necessary to perform a so-called two-step operation in which the gingiva is peeled to embed the implant body, and the implant body can be embedded by a one-step operation. Become. That is, insertion into a so-called implant floor such as gingiva and jawbone becomes easy, and since it has self-progressive ability in combination with the action of the screw mechanism, fine adjustment is possible after insertion into the jawbone. Furthermore, since the shape is close to that of a natural tooth root, it does not wobble with respect to occlusal pressure and a stable prognosis is secured.

In addition to the above, an important point is that the tooth root portion of the implant body according to the present invention has one or more slits provided in the longitudinal direction that become wider toward the tip, This means that insertion into the jawbone is smooth and easy. On the head of the implant body,
Since the abutment has a polygonal cross-section concave section and the abutment has a polygonal cross-section convex section that is fitted to the implant head of the implant body, the abutment can be fitted securely and a smooth implant can be obtained. Surgery is possible and a stable prognosis is obtained. In the provision of the deformed abutment having the polygonal convex section, the number of parts can be reduced and the implant main body can be fitted in a desired inclined state according to the angle of the denture. In addition, since the implant body according to the present invention is a solid type, a dead space does not occur even when bone is perforated, and stable prognosis can be secured. In addition to the specific effects described above, it is also extremely important that these effects are comprehensively combined to produce effects more than the sum as a useful implant construct.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an implant body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 (A) is a schematic view of the implant body of the present invention viewed from the front side of the head. FIG. 2B is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the implant body. FIG. 2 (C) is a schematic view of the implant main body as seen from the front of the distal end side where slits are provided.

FIG. 3 (A) is a schematic view of a healing cap, FIG. 3 (B) is a schematic view of a fixing screw, and FIG. 3 (C) is a schematic cross-sectional view of an abutment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing the entire structure in which the respective components of the implant are combined.

FIG. 5 shows a modified abutment according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing a state where the deformed abutment is screwed to the implant body.

FIG. 7 is a third example showing a combined implant construct.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a conventional implant body.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of the head of the conventional implant body.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a conventional abutment.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a conventional modified abutment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Implant Main Body 11 Head 13 Screw Thread 14 Tip 15 Polygonal Recess 16 Screw Hole 17 Slit 21 Healing Cap 22 Fixing Screw 23 Abutment 25, 27 Screw Groove 32 Large Screw Road 33 Small Screw Road 34 Polygonal Convex 35 Denture 37 Deformation abutment 38 Polygonal convex part

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. An implant body having a threaded portion to be embedded in a jawbone, an abutment corresponding to a crown portion for fixing a denture, a fixing screw for connecting the abutment and the implant body, and a screw for an upper end portion of the abutment. A dental implant construct comprising a healing cap for stopping and capping, wherein the head of the implant body has a recess of polygonal cross section for abutment fitting, the outer edge of the head being smooth. A curved surface is formed, and a body portion thereof has a screw thread, and further, the implant main body is configured to be reduced in diameter toward the distal end side, and the implant main body, the abutment, the fixed screw, and Dental implant characterized in that a healing cap is fitted and connected to form one body Adult. 2. The dental implant construct according to claim 1, wherein an outer surface shape of the connected state of the implant body and the abutment draws a smooth streamline. 3. The dental implant construct according to claim 1, wherein the implant body has one or more slits provided in the longitudinal direction that become wider toward the tip. 4. The dental implant construction according to claim 1, wherein the implant body is made of plasma-machined titanium. 5. The implant body according to claim 1, wherein an upper surface of a tooth root located approximately 1 mm immediately below a boundary between the gingiva and the jawbone when the implant body is embedded in a jawbone is a polishing surface. Dental implant construct. 6. In the abutment, the fitting portion that fits on the head of the implant body constitutes a polygonal convex section that mates with a polygonal concave section provided on the implant body head. A small screw passage for a fixed screw extending from the upper part of the abutment penetrates the convex part as well, and is fixed to the upper part of the abutment with a healing cap so that a large screw having substantially the same width as the head part of the fixed screw. The dental implant construct of claim 1 having a threaded passage. 7. An implant body embedded in the jawbone,
In the method of mounting a denture using the upper structure of the abutment attached to the upper part, the fixed screw, and the healing cap, first, a hole for implant is drilled in the jawbone, and the implant body is screwed into the hole. Insert a polygonal cross-section convex portion of the lower end of the abutment configured to fit into the polygonal cross-section concave portion provided in the head of the implant body into the concave portion and penetrate the abutment in the longitudinal direction. The fixed screw which fixes the abutment to the implant body by using the small screw passage and the small screw passage at the center of the head of the implant body, and does not proceed to the small screw passage. Of the fixed screw, which is a hollow portion of the large screw passage, stops at the lower end of the large screw passage of approximately the same width. A method for installing a dental implant component, wherein the healing cap is screwed to form an implant component for mounting a denture. 8. An implant body embedded in the jawbone,
In the method for mounting a denture using the upper structure of an abutment and a fixed screw attached to the upper part of the implant, first, a hole for implant is drilled in the jawbone, and the implant body is screwed into the hole, The polygonal cross-section concave portion provided on the head is inserted with the cross-sectional polygonal convex portion of the lower end portion of the deformed abutment configured to fit therein, and the longitudinal length of the cross-sectional polygonal convex portion of the deformed abutment is further increased. By using a screw path provided in the axial direction and a small screw path at the center of the head of the implant body at the same width and position as the screw path, the deformed abutment is tilted at a desired inclination by a fixing screw. A method for installing a dental implant structure, which is fixed to a main body to form an implant structure for mounting a denture.