JPH0728729Y2 - Tracking antenna - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to an automatic tracking antenna using a multi-horn antenna.

(Prior art) In mobile work in the microwave band, in order to reduce the interference of adjacent channels, the radio waves radiated from the antennas use vertical polarization and horizontal polarization alternately for adjacent channels to avoid mutual interference. is doing.

On the other hand, as a tracking antenna for tracking mobile stations such as microwaves of aircraft etc., horns are arranged on the left and right for azimuth detection and up and down for elevation detection because it is reliable and easy to maintain. Multi-horn antennas are often used. As this horn, a square, a square, a circle or a modification thereof is used. A horn for detecting a communication signal (hereinafter referred to as "main horn") is often a square one.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) When a rectangular horn is used as the main horn or the tracking horn, the electric field is parallel to the short side, so that the polarization that can be used is limited to vertical or horizontal. When switching to, you need to replace the primary radiator or use a different antenna. When a square or circular horn is used, it can be used both vertically and horizontally by mounting vertical and horizontal pickup antennas, but in this case it is necessary to switch the pickup antennas. In any case, there is a drawback that the operation at the time of switching to the adjacent channel becomes troublesome.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a tracking multi-horn antenna that does not require replacement of the primary radiator or switching of the pickup antenna.

(Means for Solving Problems) The present invention relates to a tracking antenna using a multi-horn arranged near the focal point in the center of the front surface of a parabolic reflector,
Two pickup antennas, which are used for switching vertically and horizontally polarized waves, are attached to the square horn for detecting a communication signal in the vertical and horizontal directions, respectively, and vertical and horizontal polarizations are respectively attached to the four circular horns for tracking. 45 pickup antennas shared by waves in the vertical and horizontal directions
It is characterized by being installed at an angle.

(Operation) According to the present invention, with the above-mentioned configuration, the communication signal can detect both the vertically polarized wave and the horizontally polarized wave at a high level. The tracking signal can detect both vertical and horizontal polarized waves without switching the pickup antenna. At this time, the detection level becomes lower than the communication signal, but there is no practical problem for tracking.

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows the entire configuration of an embodiment of a tracking antenna according to the present invention, in which a primary radiator is attached near the focal point of a parabolic reflector. 1 is a parabolic reflector, 2 is a primary radiator, 3 is a stay that supports the primary radiator, and 9 is a cable for guiding a detected signal.

FIG. 2 is a drawing showing the arrangement of horns in the primary radiator, where A is an overall perspective view, B is a front view, C is a main horn perspective view, D is a tracking horn perspective view, and 4 is a main view. Horns, 5 and 6 are circular horns for azimuth detection, and 7 and 8 are circular horns for depression and elevation detection. The main horn 4 is a square horn, the pickup antenna 10 is for vertically polarized waves, and 11 is for horizontally polarized waves. Pickup antennas 12 to 15 are arranged at 45 ° with respect to the horizontal and vertical directions in each of the tracking horns 5 to 8 and are common to horizontal polarized waves and vertical polarized waves.

FIG. 3 is a carp showing the characteristics of the main horn and the tracking horn in this embodiment, and the tracking horn shows substantially the same value in the vertical polarization indicated by the solid line and the horizontal polarization indicated by the solid line. Also, the tracking horn is about 7 dB lower in level than the main horn, but there is no practical problem for the purpose of tracking.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a mounting condition of a primary radiator to a parabolic reflector in another embodiment of the tracking multi-horn antenna according to the present invention, and FIGS. 5A to 5C are drawings showing a detailed configuration of the primary radiator. is there. Reference numeral 21 is a parabolic reflector, 22 is a primary radiator, and 23 is a stay that supports the primary radiator. twenty four
Is a horn for picking up a communication signal. In the present invention, a square horn for vertical and horizontal polarization is used. As shown in FIGS. 5 and C, the pair of circular horns 25 and 26 for detecting the azimuth angle are inclined up and down by about 45 degrees in the vertical plane. Also, a pair of circular horns 27, 28 for detecting the elevation angle
Are inclined about 45 degrees to the left and right in the horizontal plane.
Further, in FIG. 4, 29 is a cable for guiding the detected signal. Reference numerals 30 and 31 are vertical and horizontal polarization pickup antennas also provided with a main horn 24, which are switched and used. 32 to 35 are pickup antennas provided on the tracking horns 25 to 28, and are mounted at positions of 45 degrees with respect to the vertical and horizontal directions so as to be used for vertical and horizontal polarized waves.

When configured in this way, the range on the parabolic reflector 21 on which the radio waves emitted from the horns 25 to 28 are reflected is, as shown by the symbols D1 to D4 in FIG. Is a limited area. FIG. 7 is a curve showing the relationship between the antenna angle of the multi-horn antenna of this embodiment and the output levels of the horns 25 to 26 for detecting the azimuth angle and the elevation angle. Retractable range is both horns 25 and 26 or
The angle spread at the level of the intersection of the curves of 27 and 28 is about twice that of the conventional paraboloid type.

According to this embodiment, since the pull-in angle is wide, an auxiliary antenna is not required, and since the blocking phenomenon does not occur, the pull-in sensitivity is high and the pull-in is stable. As described above, the advantage that the device is simplified and good performance can be ensured is extremely great.

(Effect of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, since the communication horn is a square and is used by switching between vertical and horizontal polarizations, a sufficiently high level output can be obtained and a signal with a high S / N can be obtained. In addition to being able to obtain, the tracking horn has a circular shape, and since it is configured with a pickup antenna that is arranged at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the vertical and horizontal directions, it can be used for both vertical and horizontal polarized waves. Compared to the case where separate antennas are provided, the configuration can be made very simple,
Furthermore, the pickup antenna can be used for adjacent channels without switching, and the practical effect is great.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of an embodiment of a tracking antenna according to the present invention, FIGS. 2A to 2D are diagrams showing the arrangement and structure of horns in a primary radiator, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing this embodiment. Graphs showing characteristics of the main horn and the tracking horn, and FIGS. 4 to 7 are views showing another embodiment of the tracking antenna according to the present invention. 1,21 ...... Parabolic reflector 2, 22 ...... Primary radiator 3, 23 ...... Primary radiator stay 4, 24 ...... Communication signal main horn 5, 6, 25, 26 ...... For azimuth detection Horn 7,8,27,28 …… Depression / elevation angle detection horn 9,29 …… Cable 10,30 …… Pickup antenna for vertical polarization detection 11,31 …… Pickup antenna for horizontal polarization detection 12 to 15,32 ~ 35 …… Tracking horn pickup antenna

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-47-28845 (JP, A) Actually opened 58-66706 (JP, U) JP-B 61-37804 (JP, B2) JP-B 50-21393 (JP) , Y2)

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A tracking antenna using a multi-horn arranged near the focal point of the center of the front surface of a parabolic reflector, which is used as a square horn for detecting a communication signal by switching between vertical and horizontal polarized waves. The pickup antennas are attached in the vertical and horizontal directions, respectively, and the pickup antennas commonly used for the vertical and horizontal polarizations are attached to each of the four circular horns for tracking at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the vertical and horizontal directions. A tracking antenna characterized by the above.