JPH07274460A - Synchronous machine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] (Modified) [Purpose] Two sets of windings on the stator side (first and second three
In a synchronous machine having a phase winding), the rotor has a magnetic anisotropic structure in which a magnetic material and a non-magnetic material are laminated so that a large driving torque can be obtained. [Structure] The synchronous machine includes a stator 1 and a mover. Two sets of three-phase windings (first and second three-phase windings) are provided on the stator 1. The first winding generates a moving magnetic field by the three-phase alternating current. The mover has a laminated structure of a magnetic body 31 and a non-magnetic body 41 provided along the passage direction of the magnetic field generated by the first winding. The magnetic body 31 serves as a magnetic path and exhibits extremely low magnetic resistance in the passing direction of the moving magnetic field magnetic flux. On the other hand, a non-magnetic body 4 is formed in the magnetic flux distribution direction of the moving magnetic field.
1 has a large magnetic resistance. Therefore, the magnetic body 31 of the mover is magnetized by the moving magnetic field,
A magnetic pole is generated along the passing direction of the magnetic flux.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a synchronous machine such as a synchronous motor or a synchronous generator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Synchronous motors include rotating armature type, rotating field type, and inductor type. The rotary armature type synchronous motor is composed of a field pole provided on the stator and a second winding wound around the rotor. The rotating field type synchronous motor is
It is composed of a second winding wound on the stator and a field pole provided on the rotor. The field pole in the rotating field type synchronous motor is composed of a rotor having a permanent magnet attached thereto and a first winding excited by a direct current. The inductor-type synchronous motor is composed of a field pole and a second winding provided on the stator, and a gear-shaped uneven inductor provided on the rotor. Since the rotating field magnet type synchronous motor has the second winding provided on the stator, it has no mechanical damage or damage and is easy to insulate, and is widely used as a source of rotational driving force for the spindle of machine tools. ing.

However, in the case where the rotor is provided with a permanent magnet as a field pole, the permanent magnet itself is expensive, it must be firmly attached to the rotor so that the permanent magnet does not separate, and the field is constant. Therefore, there are drawbacks such as difficulty in increasing the capacity. Further, the field winding having the first winding wound around the rotor as a field pole requires a slip ring and a rotary transformer for supplying a field current to the rotor side.

Therefore, as a synchronous motor that eliminates such drawbacks, Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-31394 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 5394 are disclosed.
The one described in JP-A-31395 has been proposed. The synchronous motor described in JP-B-5-31394 has two sets of windings (referred to as armature windings and field windings in the publication) separately wound around a stator, and this winding. And a salient-pole rotor having a plurality of magnetic poles corresponding to. Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-31395 discloses a stator winding which also serves as first and second windings wound around a stator of an electric motor, and a protrusion having a plurality of magnetic poles corresponding to the stator winding. It is composed of a polar rotor.

[0005]

Since this synchronous motor has two sets (first and second) of windings wound around the stator, it is provided with a slip ring and a rotary transformer for supplying current to the rotor. This eliminates the disadvantage of the conventional synchronous motor in that the magnitude of the magnetic flux can be freely controlled by the winding on the stator side.

However, in the synchronous motor described in the above publication, the shape of the rotor viewed from the axial direction is salient pole type,
That is, since the shape of the cylindrical shape is partially removed, the magnetic anisotropy cannot be increased with respect to the rotating magnetic field of the stator, and as a result, a large driving torque cannot be obtained. Have the problem.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and in a synchronous machine having first and second windings on the stator side, magnetic anisotropy is maximized to obtain a large driving torque. The object is to provide a synchronous machine that can do this.

[0008]

A synchronous machine according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a stator, a first winding provided on the stator,
The second winding provided on the stator and the second winding provided along the passing direction of the magnetic flux generated by the first winding, and alternately in the magnetic flux distribution direction of the magnetic flux via a non-magnetic material. And a mover made of laminated magnetic bodies. Second
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a stator, a first winding provided on the stator for generating a rotating magnetic field, and a current provided on the stator according to a rotating position of the rotating magnetic field. A second winding, and a rotor made of a magnetic material that is provided along the passing direction of the rotating magnetic field and that is alternately laminated in the magnetic flux distribution direction of the rotating magnetic field via a non-magnetic material. It is a thing. A synchronous machine according to a third aspect of the present invention includes a stator,
A first winding that is provided on the stator and that generates a moving magnetic field that moves in the axial direction; and a second winding that is provided on the stator and through which a current according to the position of the moving magnetic field flows. The moving element is provided along the passage direction of the moving magnetic field, and the moving element is composed of magnetic bodies that are alternately laminated in the magnetic flux distribution direction of the moving magnetic field via a non-magnetic body.

[0009]

The synchronous machine according to the first invention comprises a stator and a mover. Both the first winding and the second winding are provided on the stator. The first winding generates a moving magnetic field by the three-phase alternating current. The mover has a laminated structure of a magnetic body and a non-magnetic body provided along the passing direction of the moving magnetic field generated by the first winding. The magnetic body serves as a magnetic path and exhibits extremely low magnetic resistance in the magnetic flux passage direction (the magnetic axis direction of the moving magnetic field). On the other hand, since a non-magnetic material is laminated in the magnetic flux distribution direction of the magnetic field (direction of 90 ° phase with the magnetic axis direction of the moving magnetic field), a large magnetic resistance is exhibited. Therefore, the mover exhibits extremely large magnetic anisotropy. By passing a three-phase alternating current corresponding to the magnetic poles generated in the mover through the second winding,
The magnetic axis of the moving magnetic field and the magnetic anisotropy magnetic axis of the mover are out of phase with each other, and a force is generated. The mover moves at a synchronous speed according to this force, and the synchronous machine becomes an electric motor. On the other hand, when an electric current is passed through the first winding in accordance with the moving position of the mover, an induced electromotive force is generated in the second winding and the synchronous machine becomes a generator. A synchronous machine according to a second aspect of the present invention is of a rotary movement type and has a first winding that generates a rotating magnetic field in a stator and a second winding. Therefore, the magnetic substance of the rotor is magnetized by this rotating magnetic field and always generates magnetic poles along the passing direction of the rotating magnetic field. By passing a three-phase alternating current according to the rotational position of the rotating magnetic field, that is, the magnetic pole position of the rotor through the second winding, the magnetic axis of the rotating magnetic field and the magnetic anisotropic magnetic axis of the rotor are out of phase, Torque is generated. The rotor will rotate at a synchronous speed corresponding to this torque. A synchronous machine according to a third aspect of the present invention is of a linear movement type and has a first winding and a second winding that generate a moving magnetic field that moves axially in a stator. Therefore, the magnetic material of the moving element is magnetized by this moving magnetic field and always generates a magnetic pole along the passing direction of the moving magnetic field. Thrust is generated by passing a three-phase AC current according to the position of the moving magnetic field, that is, the magnetic pole position of the mover, through the second winding. The mover moves linearly at the synchronous speed corresponding to this thrust.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a synchronous motor which is an embodiment of the synchronous machine of the present invention. This synchronous motor
This is a three-phase AC drive type electric motor having two magnetic poles. This synchronous motor is composed of an armature core 1 that serves as a stator and a rotor 21. The armature core 1 has 24 slots. A second three-phase winding and a first three-phase winding are wound around each slot of the armature core 1. Hereinafter, in the specification, the second winding is shown in capital letters, the first winding is shown in lower case letters, the second winding is shown in a circle, and the first winding is shown in a square in the drawings.

The second three-phase winding comprises a U-phase winding, a V-phase winding and a W-phase winding. The U-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding UA and the winding UB through eight slots. The V-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding VA and the winding VB via eight slots. 8 W-phase windings
It is wound so as to connect the winding WA and the winding WB through one slot. The U-phase winding, the V-phase winding, and the W-phase winding are wound so as to be offset from each other by an electrical angle of 120 degrees. That is, in the figure, the U-phase winding, the V-phase winding, and the W-phase winding are wound with eight slots offset from each other in the clockwise direction.

The first three-phase winding comprises a u-phase winding, a v-phase winding and a w-phase winding. The u-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding ua and the winding ub through eight slots. The v-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding va and the winding vb via eight slots. w phase winding is 8
It is wound so as to connect the winding wa and the winding wb through one slot. The first three-phase winding is wound with an electrical angle difference of 90 degrees with respect to the second three-phase winding.
That is, in the figure, the first three-phase winding is wound with a slot offset by six slots clockwise with respect to the second three-phase winding.

The rotor 21 has a laminated structure in which a magnetic body 31 provided along the passing direction of the magnetic flux generated by the first winding is laminated with a non-magnetic body 41 in the magnetic flux distribution direction of the magnetic flux. It consists of a body. The passing direction of the magnetic flux generated by the first winding is the diametrical direction (normal direction) of the rotor 21. The magnetic flux distribution direction of this magnetic flux is perpendicular to the passing direction of the magnetic flux of the rotor 21.
Is the diametrical direction (normal direction). That is, the rotor 21
Is a laminated structure obtained by laminating a plurality of rectangular plate members having a diametrical length that matches the outer circumference of the rotor 21 with a lathe or the like.

The rotor 21 is formed over the entire cylindrical rotor so that it has an axis of easy magnetization that is the easiest to magnetize with respect to the magnetic axis of the rotating magnetic field generated by the first winding. Therefore, as compared with the conventional salient pole type rotor, it has extremely large anisotropy with respect to the rotating magnetic field generated in the first winding, and can generate a large driving torque.

In the figure, when the rotation axis direction is the Z axis direction, the horizontal direction of the drawing is the X axis direction, and the vertical direction of the drawing is the Y axis direction, the passing direction of the magnetic flux generated by the first three-phase winding is the rotation direction. This is the normal direction of the child 21, and the magnetic flux distribution direction of this magnetic flux is a direction perpendicular to the normal direction and the rotation axis direction (Z-axis direction). For example, when the passing direction of the magnetic flux generated by the first three-phase winding is the Y-axis direction as shown in FIG. 1, the magnetic flux distribution direction is the X-axis direction, and the rotor 21 is the X-axis direction as shown in FIG. When the passing direction of the magnetic flux generated by the first three-phase winding is the X-axis direction, the magnetic flux distribution direction is the Y-axis direction. ,
By rotating the rotor 21 by 90 degrees, a laminated structure is obtained such that the rotor 21 is laminated in the Y-axis direction with the non-magnetic body 41 interposed therebetween.

The first three-phase winding has three windings as shown in FIG.
Phase alternating currents iu, iv, iw are passed. These electric currents are the following electric currents which are deviated from each other by 120 degrees in phase angle. iu = im × cos ωt iv = im × cos (ωt−2π / 3) iw = im × cos (ωt−4π / 3) where im is the maximum value of the current. The first three-phase winding generates a rotating magnetic field distributed in a sinusoidal shape at the magnetic pole center according to the currents iu, iv, and iw.

On the other hand, three-phase alternating currents IU, IV, IW as shown in FIG. 2 are passed through the second three-phase winding. These electric currents are the following electric currents which are deviated from each other by 120 degrees in phase angle. IU = Im × cosωt IV = Im × cos (ωt−2π / 3) IW = Im × cos (ωt−4π / 3) Here, Im is the maximum value of the current.

When the magnetic axis of the rotating magnetic field by the first winding and the magnetic anisotropy magnetic axis of the rotor are in phase (current I of the second winding I
When U, IV, and IW are zero), no torque is generated, and if a current is applied to the second winding, the phase between the rotating magnetic field magnetic axis and the rotor magnetic anisotropic magnetic axis (easy axis of magnetization) will be Generates torque by shifting. If the current flowing through the first winding is controlled so that the rotor magnetic axis and the rotating magnetic field magnetic axis generated by the first winding are in phase regardless of the position of the rotor (the first winding And the second winding is in phase), the torque can be controlled. Further, in order to control the magnitude of the torque T, it is only necessary to control the magnitude of the current flowing through the first winding and the second winding.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another construction of a synchronous motor which is an embodiment of the synchronous machine of the present invention. This synchronous motor is a three-phase AC drive type motor having four magnetic poles. This synchronous motor includes an armature core 1 that is a stator and a rotor 23.
Composed of and. The armature core 1 has 24 slots. Each slot of the armature core 1 has two sets of second 3
A phase winding and two sets of first three-phase windings are wound.

The second three-phase winding has a mechanical angle of 180 degrees.
It is composed of two sets of a U-phase winding, a V-phase winding and a W-phase winding, which are provided with a deviation. The first U-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding UA and the winding UB through the four slots. The second U-phase winding has a winding UC through four slots that are 180 degrees out of mechanical angle with respect to the first U-phase winding.
And the winding UD are connected to each other. The first V-phase winding has windings VA and VB through four slots.
It is wound so as to connect with. The second V-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding VC and the winding VD through four slots that are 180 degrees out of alignment with the first V-phase winding by a mechanical angle. There is. The first W-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding WA and the winding WB through the four slots. The second W-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding WC and the winding WD through the four slots which are 180 degrees out of the mechanical angle with respect to the first W-phase winding. There is.

Between the first U-phase winding and the first V-phase winding,
Between the first V-phase winding and the first W-phase winding, between the first W-phase winding and the second U-phase winding, between the second U-phase winding and the second V-phase winding.
Between the phase winding, between the second V phase winding and the second W phase winding, and between the second W phase winding and the first U phase winding, in electrical angles, respectively. It is wound at a position offset by 120 degrees. That is, in the figure, the U-phase winding, the V-phase winding, and the W-phase winding are wound at positions that are offset from each other by four slots in the clockwise direction.

Similarly to the second three-phase winding, the first three-phase winding has two sets of u-phase windings, v-phase windings and w-phases wound at positions shifted by 180 degrees in mechanical angle. It consists of phase windings. First
The u-phase winding of the winding has a winding ua and a winding u through four slots.
It is wound so as to connect with b. The second u-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding uc and the winding ud through the four slots which are located at a mechanical angle of 180 ° with respect to the first u-phase winding. There is. The first v-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding va and the winding vb through the four slots. The second v-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding vc and the winding vd through the four slots at positions 180 degrees apart from each other with respect to the first v-phase winding. There is. The first w-phase winding has a winding w through four slots.
It is wound so as to connect a and the winding wb. Second
The w-phase winding of the coil is connected to the winding wc and the winding w through four slots that are located at a mechanical angle of 180 degrees with respect to the first w-phase winding.
It is wound so as to connect with d. The first three-phase winding is wound around the second three-phase winding at a position shifted by an electrical angle of 90 degrees. That is, in the figure, the first three-phase winding is wound at a position shifted clockwise by three slots from the second three-phase winding.

The rotor 23 includes a magnetic body 33 provided along the passing direction of the magnetic flux of the rotating magnetic field generated by the first winding.
It is composed of a laminated structure in which the non-magnetic material 43 is laminated in the magnetic flux distribution direction of the magnetic flux. The passing direction of the magnetic flux of the rotating magnetic field generated by the first winding is such that the magnetic flux input from an arbitrary outer peripheral position of the rotor 23 toward the central axis is clockwise and counterclockwise 9
The direction is such that the output is performed from the outer peripheral position rotated by 0 degree. The magnetic flux distribution direction of the rotating magnetic field magnetic flux is the diameter direction (normal direction) of the rotor 23.

That is, the rotor 23 is composed of a cross-shaped central member having a cylindrical shape removed on all four sides, and a laminated structure in which a plurality of cylindrical plate members are attached to the central member so as to match the outer circumference. Become. Since the rotor 23 is formed over the entire cylindrical rotor so as to have the axis of easy magnetization that is most easily magnetized by the magnetic flux generated by the first winding, the conventional cross-shaped protrusion only has a cross shape. Magnetic anisotropy with respect to a rotating magnetic field is extremely larger than that of a polar rotor, and a large driving torque can be generated.

4 to 8 are views showing another embodiment of the bipolar rotor of FIG. In the rotor 24 of FIG. 4, a magnetic body 34 provided along the passing direction of the rotating magnetic field flux generated by the first winding is laminated with a non-magnetic body 44 in the magnetic flux distribution direction of the magnetic flux. It is the same as the rotor 21 of FIG. 1 in that it is made of a structure. The rotor 24 differs from the rotor 21 of FIG. 1 in that the thickness of the magnetic body 34 in the stacking direction corresponds to the sinusoidal magnetic flux distribution of the rotating magnetic field flux.

That is, in the case of the rotor 21, the magnetic material 31
And the non-magnetic body 41 has the same thickness in the stacking direction, but in the case of the rotor 24, the thickness of the magnetic body 34 in the stacking direction corresponds to the sinusoidal magnetic flux distribution of the rotating magnetic field.
It is configured such that it is thick near the center and thin around the outer circumference, and conversely the non-magnetic body 44 is thin near the center and thick near the outer circumference. The rotor 24 is manufactured by laminating a plurality of rectangular plate materials having different plate thicknesses whose lengths in the diameter direction match the outer circumference with a lathe or the like.

Since the rotor 24 can make the magnetic flux distribution of the magnetic pole field due to the magnetomotive force of the rotating magnetic field generated by the first winding into a sinusoidal shape, it has extremely large magnetic anisotropy with respect to the rotating magnetic field. However, it is excellent in a magnetic anisotropic structure capable of generating a large driving torque.

The rotor 24 of FIG. 1 or FIG. 4 is manufactured by laminating a plurality of rectangular plate materials with a lathe or the like, but the rotor 25 of FIG.
A non-magnetic member 45 is punched out from the disk by press working or the like to form a void portion, and a plurality of magnetic material discs having the void portion in a stitch shape are laminated in the axial direction. The rotor 25 is different from the rotor 24 shown in FIG. 4 in that the outer peripheral portion is connected by a magnetic material, but the magnetic properties provided along the passage direction of the magnetic flux generated by the first winding are different from each other. The body 35 is the same in that the body 35 is formed of a laminated structure in which the nonmagnetic body 45 is laminated in the magnetic flux distribution direction of the magnetic flux. Therefore, also in the case of the rotor 25, the thickness of the magnetic body 35 in the magnetic flux distribution direction corresponds to the sinusoidal magnetic flux distribution of the rotating magnetic field flux, being thick near the center and thin near the outer circumference, and the magnetic flux distribution of the non-magnetic body 45. On the contrary, the thickness in the direction is thin near the center and thick near the outer periphery. The rotor 25 can be easily manufactured.

The rotor 26 of FIG. 6 is formed by bending and stacking a magnetic material along the outer circumference of the shaft 56 when the size of the shaft 56 is larger than the width of the central magnetic material. This rotor 26 may also be formed by axially layering punched discs with connected outer peripheries as shown in FIG. Rotor 2 of FIG.
In No. 7, the void portion of the magnetic body 35 of the rotor 25 in FIG. 5 is connected in the direction perpendicular to the easy magnetization axis direction to form a knitted shape, and its strength is increased. The rotor 28 of FIG. 8 has zigzag connection points in the direction perpendicular to the easy axis of magnetization of the magnetic body 37 of FIG. 7. Thereby, the strength of the rotor 28 can be further improved.

9 to 13 are views showing another embodiment of the quadrupole rotor shown in FIG. The rotor 29 of FIG. 9 has a magnetic body 39 provided along the passing direction of the magnetic flux of the rotating magnetic field generated by the first winding and a non-magnetic body 49 in the magnetic flux distribution direction of the magnetic flux.
It is the same as the rotor 23 of FIG. 3 in that it is composed of a laminated structure laminated via the. That is, the rotor 23 is composed of a cross-shaped center member having four columns removed in a cylindrical shape, and a laminated structure in which a plurality of cylindrical plate members are attached to the center member so as to match the outer circumference. On the other hand, the rotor 29 of FIG. 9 is formed by laminating a plurality of magnetic discs in the shape of a mesh, which are obtained by punching the non-magnetic substance 49 from the disc by pressing or the like. This rotor 29 is the rotor 23 of FIG.
The difference is that the outer peripheral portion is connected by a magnetic body as compared with, but the magnetic body 39 provided along the passing direction of the magnetic flux of the rotating magnetic field generated by the first winding is arranged in the magnetic flux distribution direction of the magnetic flux. It is the same in that it is composed of a laminated structure laminated with the non-magnetic body 49 interposed therebetween.

The rotor 2A of FIG. 10 corresponds to the rotor 23 of FIG.
The plate-shaped magnet 6A formed of a part of a cylinder instead of the non-magnetic body
And a cylindrical plate-shaped magnet 6
A projects from the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 2A to minimize the air gap between the rotor 2A and the armature core 1.

The rotor 2B shown in FIG. 11 has a magnetic body 3B and a non-magnetic body 4 so as to have magnetic poles along the magnetic flux passage direction.
The permanent magnet 7B is attached to the laminated portion of B.
The rotor 2B generates a rotating torque by a combined magnetic flux of a fixed magnetic flux of a permanent magnet and a rotating magnetic field that fluctuates due to a current flowing through the first winding.

In the rotor 2C of FIG. 12, the thickness of the magnetic body 3C in the laminating direction corresponds to the sinusoidal magnetic flux distribution of the rotating magnetic field flux, and the magnetic body 3C is connected in the direction perpendicular to the easy axis of magnetization. Has been done. That is, the rotor 23 of FIG. 3 has the same thickness in the laminating direction of the magnetic body 33 and the non-magnetic body 43, but in the case of the rotor 2C, the thickness of the magnetic body 3C in the laminating direction is the magnetic flux of the rotating magnetic field. Corresponding to the sinusoidal magnetic flux distribution, it is thick near the center and thin near the outer circumference, and
On the contrary, C is configured to be thin near the center and thick near the outer periphery.

Since the rotor 2C can make the magnetic flux distribution of the magnetic pole field due to the magnetomotive force of the rotating magnetic field generated by the first winding into a sinusoidal shape, the rotating magnetic field generated by the first winding is It has an extremely large magnetic anisotropy and is excellent in a magnetic anisotropic structure capable of generating a large driving torque. Further, since the rotor 2C is connected in the direction perpendicular to the easy axis of magnetization, the rotor 2C has excellent strength resistance against external force.

The rotor 2D of FIG. 13 has a laminated structure of a magnetic body 2D and a non-magnetic body 8D. The non-magnetic body 8D is made of a good conductor such as copper or aluminum. As shown in B), both ends of the rotor 2D are electrically short-circuited by the good conductor ring 8D. Therefore, FIG.
The rotor 2D of 3 serves as a squirrel cage rotor, and the non-magnetic body 6D serves as a damper winding, so that it can be used also as a rotor of an induction synchronous motor.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the configuration of a linear synchronous motor which is an embodiment of the synchronous machine of the present invention. This linear synchronous motor is a three-phase AC drive type motor. This synchronous motor is composed of an armature core 1E which is a stator and a linear moving element 2E. The armature core 1E has 12 slots. A second slot is provided in each slot of the armature core 1E.
The three-phase winding and the first three-phase winding are wound. Less than,
In the specification, the second winding is shown in capital letters, the first winding is shown in lower case letters, the second winding is shown as a circle and the first winding is shown as a square in the drawings.

The second three-phase winding consists of a U-phase winding, a V-phase winding and a W-phase winding. The U-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding UA and the winding UB via four slots. The V-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding VA and the winding VB via four slots. W phase winding is 4
It is wound so as to connect the winding WA and the winding WB through one slot. The U-phase winding, the V-phase winding, and the W-phase winding are wound so as to be offset from each other by an electrical angle of 120 degrees. That is, in the figure, the U-phase winding, the V-phase winding, and the W-phase winding are wound with being shifted from each other by four slots in the X direction.

The first three-phase winding comprises a u-phase winding, a v-phase winding and a w-phase winding. The u-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding ua and the winding ub through the four slots. The v-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding va and the winding vb through the four slots. w phase winding is 4
It is wound so as to connect the winding wa and the winding wb through one slot. The first three-phase winding is wound with an electrical angle difference of 90 degrees with respect to the second three-phase winding.
That is, in the figure, the first three-phase winding is wound around the second three-phase winding while being shifted in the X direction by three slots.

The linear mover 2E is a magnetic body 3E provided along the passing direction of the magnetic flux of the moving magnetic field generated by the first winding.
Are laminated in the magnetic flux distribution direction of the magnetic flux via the non-magnetic body 4E. The passing direction of the moving magnetic field magnetic flux generated by the first winding is such that the magnetic flux input from the upper surface of the linear moving element 2E in the −Y direction rotates in the X direction and the −X direction, and again from the upper surface of the linear moving element 2E in the Y direction. It is the direction to output to. The magnetic flux distribution direction of this magnetic flux is a direction orthogonal to the passing direction of the magnetic flux. That is, since the linear moving element 2E is formed over the entire moving element so as to have the easiest axis of magnetization by the moving magnetic field generated by the first winding, the linear moving element 2E is generated by the first winding. It has extremely large magnetic anisotropy with respect to the moving magnetic field and can generate a large driving thrust.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing another configuration of a linear synchronous motor which is an embodiment of the synchronous machine of the present invention. This linear synchronous motor has a cylindrical armature core 1F serving as a stator.
And a cylindrical linear moving element 2F. The armature core 1F has 12 slots. Armature core 1F
In each slot, two sets of second three-phase windings and two sets of first three-phase windings are wound. A cylindrical linear moving element 2F is provided so as to pass through the axial direction of the cylindrical armature core 1F.

The second three-phase winding is composed of two sets of U-phase winding, V-phase winding and W-phase winding. The first U-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding UA and the winding UB via two slots. The second U-phase winding has a winding UC through two slots that are offset by six slots in the X direction (axial direction) so that the second U-phase winding has an opposite phase to the first U-phase winding.
And the winding UD are connected to each other. The first V-phase winding has windings VA and VB through two slots.
It is wound so as to connect with. The second V-phase winding is arranged in the X-direction so as to have a phase opposite to that of the first V-phase winding.
The winding VC and the winding VD are wound so as to be connected to each other via two slots that are displaced by one slot. Similarly, the first W-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding WA and the winding WB through the two slots. The second W-phase winding has windings WC and WD through two slots that are offset by six slots in the X direction so that the second W-phase winding has a phase opposite to that of the first W-phase winding. It is wound so as to connect with.

Between the first U-phase winding and the first V-phase winding,
Between the first V-phase winding and the first W-phase winding, between the first W-phase winding and the second U-phase winding, between the second U-phase winding and the second V-phase winding.
Between the phase winding, between the second V phase winding and the second W phase winding, and between the second W phase winding and the first U phase winding, in electrical angles, respectively. It is wound at a position offset by 120 degrees. That is, in the figure, the U-phase winding, the V-phase winding, and the W-phase winding are wound at positions displaced from each other by six slots in the X direction.

Similarly to the second three-phase winding, the first three-phase winding is also composed of two sets of u-phase winding, v-phase winding and w-phase winding.
The first u-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding ua and the winding ub via two slots. The second u-phase winding is opposite in phase to the first u-phase winding so that the winding uc and the winding ud are provided through two slots that are offset by six slots in the X direction. It is wound so as to connect with. The first v-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding va and the winding vb via two slots.
The second v-phase winding is opposite in phase to the first v-phase winding, and the winding vc and the winding vd are provided through two slots that are offset by six slots in the X direction. It is wound so as to connect with. The first w-phase winding is wound so as to connect the winding wa and the winding wb via two slots. The second w-phase winding is X relative to the first w-phase winding.
It is wound so as to connect the winding wc and the winding wd through the slots at both end positions deviated by 6 slots in the X direction and the −X direction. The first three-phase winding is wound around the second three-phase winding at a position offset by three slots in the X direction.

The linear mover 2F is a magnetic body 3F provided along the passage direction of the moving magnetic field flux generated by the first winding.
Are laminated in the magnetic flux distribution direction of the magnetic field via the non-magnetic body 4F. In the passing direction of the magnetic flux generated by the first winding, the magnetic flux input from the outer peripheral surface of the linear moving element 2F toward the center rotates in the axial direction, and is output again from the outer peripheral surface of the linear moving element 2E to the outside. This is the direction.
The magnetic flux distribution direction of this magnetic field is a direction orthogonal to the passing direction of the magnetic field. That is, since the linear moving element 2F is formed over the entire moving element so as to have an axis of easy magnetization that is most easily magnetized by the moving field magnetic flux generated by the first winding, it is extremely large with respect to the moving field. Has magnetic anisotropy,
A large driving thrust can be generated.

The magnetic substance is an iron-based material (pure iron / soft iron / carbon steel, cast steel, magnetic steel strip, non-oriented silicon steel strip, grain-oriented silicon steel strip, etc.), iron-nickel alloy (permalloy, isoparm). , Permin bar, etc.), dust core (carbonyl dust core, permalloy dust core, sendust dust core, etc.), ferrite (spinel ferrite, composite ferrite (Mn-Zn ferrite, Cu-Zn ferrite, etc.)
Ni-Zn ferrite, Cu-Zn-Mg ferrite)
Etc.).

The permanent magnet 7B having a magnetic pole along the passage direction of the magnetic flux is replaced by the rotor of FIGS. 1, 4 to 9, 12 and 13 other than the rotor 2B of FIG. 11, FIG. 14 and FIG. 1
5 may be provided on the mover. In addition to the rotor of FIG. 13, the non-magnetic body may be made of a good conductor for the rotor of FIGS. 1, 3 to 9, 11 and 12 and the rotor of FIGS. 14 and 15.

In the above embodiment, the synchronous motor has been described as an example, but an induced electromotive force is generated in the second winding by passing a current corresponding to the rotational position of the rotor through the first winding. Therefore, it can be used as a synchronous generator by taking it out. At this time, a rotation position detection device for detecting the rotation position of the rotor may be provided on the same rotation shaft as the rotor, and the current may be controlled according to the rotation position.

In the above-described embodiment, the synchronous machine having 2 poles and 24 slots or 4 poles and 24 slots has been described, but the relationship between the number of poles and the number of slots is not limited to this.
Any combination can be appropriately adopted.

In the above embodiments, the slots of the armature core were made to project from the magnetic body in the normal direction, that is, the slots made of the iron core. However, only the projecting portions of the slots are made of non-magnetic material such as resin. An air-core structure composed of the body,
By winding the first winding and the second winding around this resinous slot, it is possible to smooth the change in the magnetic flux distribution of the magnetic flux generated by the first winding and perform smooth rotation without cogging. Will be able to.

[0050]

According to the present invention, in a synchronous machine having first and second windings on the stator side, it is possible to maximize magnetic anisotropy and obtain a large driving torque.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a rotary synchronous motor that is an embodiment of a synchronous machine of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a three-phase alternating current passed through a first three-phase winding and a second three-phase winding.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another configuration of a rotary synchronous motor that is an example of the synchronous machine of the present invention.

4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the bipolar rotor of FIG. 1. FIG.

5 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the bipolar rotor of FIG. 1. FIG.

6 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the bipolar rotor of FIG. 1. FIG.

7 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the bipolar rotor shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

8 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the bipolar rotor shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

9 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the quadrupole rotor shown in FIG.

10 is a view showing another embodiment of the quadrupole rotor shown in FIG.

FIG. 11 is a view showing another embodiment of the quadrupole rotor shown in FIG.

12 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the quadrupole rotor shown in FIG.

13 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the quadrupole rotor shown in FIG.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the configuration of a linear synchronous motor that is one example of the synchronous machine of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing another configuration of a linear synchronous motor that is an example of the synchronous machine of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Stator 21,23,24,25,26,27,2
8, 29, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D ... Rotor, 2E, 2
F ... mover, 31, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 3
8, 39, 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E, 3F ... Magnetic substance, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 4
9, 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, 4E, 4F ... Non-magnetic material

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (71) Applicant 594063706 Shizuo Kida 1-2-3 Manama, Ichikawa City, Chiba Prefecture (72) Inventor Kinshiro Naito 318-3 Ishida, Isehara City, Kanagawa Prefecture (72) Inventor Kaoru Matsubara Gunma 235 Hongo, Yoshii-cho, Tano-gun, Japan (72) Inventor Atsushi Sekiyama 235 Hongo, Yoshii-cho, Tano-gun, Gunma (72) Inventor Tadatoshi Goto 1-77-2 Shincho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo Shizuo Kida 1-2-3 Mama, Ichikawa City, Chiba Prefecture

Claims (21)

[Claims] 1. A stator, a first winding provided on the stator, a second winding provided on the stator, and a passage direction of a magnetic flux generated by the first winding. And a mover made of magnetic material that is alternately laminated in the magnetic flux distribution direction of the magnetic flux via a non-magnetic material. 2. A stator, a first winding which is provided on the stator and generates a rotating magnetic field, and a second winding which is provided on the stator and in which a current according to a rotating position of the rotating magnetic field is passed. And a rotor that is provided along the passing direction of the rotating magnetic field and that is composed of magnetic bodies that are alternately stacked in the magnetic flux distribution direction of the rotating magnetic field via a non-magnetic body. Characteristic synchronous machine. 3. The at least three windings are provided on the stator such that the first windings are offset by 120 electrical degrees.
A rotating magnetic field is generated by being excited by a three-phase alternating current having an electrical angle of 120 degrees, and the second winding has an electrical angle of 90 degrees with respect to the first winding.
A three-phase alternating current having the same phase as that of the three-phase alternating current, which is at a three-phase alternating current and has a phase difference of 120 degrees in electrical angle and is provided in the stator. The synchronous machine according to claim 2, wherein. 4. When the direction of the rotating magnetic field generated by the first winding is one direction, the rotor is provided along the direction of the rotating magnetic field substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis, and The synchronous machine according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the synchronous machine is composed of magnetic bodies that are alternately laminated in a first direction that is substantially perpendicular to the direction of the rotating magnetic field via nonmagnetic bodies. 5. When the rotating magnetic field generated by the first winding has a plurality of directions, the rotor enters an outer peripheral position and rotates clockwise or counterclockwise at an outer peripheral position. Magnetic bodies that are provided along the direction of the plurality of rotating magnetic fields and that are alternately laminated via a non-magnetic body in a first direction that is substantially perpendicular to the directions of the plurality of rotating magnetic fields. The synchronous machine according to claim 2, wherein the synchronous machine comprises: 6. The synchronous machine according to claim 4, wherein in the rotor, a thickness of the magnetic body in the first direction corresponds to a magnetic flux distribution of the rotating magnetic field. 7. The rotor is a magnetic plate member extending in the direction of the rotation axis, and the cross-section viewed from the direction of the rotation axis has a shape along the direction of the rotating magnetic field. 7. The synchronous machine according to claim 4, 5 or 6, wherein the synchronous machines are provided alternately in one direction via the non-magnetic material. 8. The rotor is a disk of a magnetic body centering on a rotation axis, and a void portion having a shape along the direction of the rotating magnetic field as viewed from the rotation axis direction is the non-magnetic body. The synchronous machine according to claim 4, 5 or 6, wherein what is alternately provided in the first direction is layered in a rotation axis direction. 9. The synchronous machine according to claim 4, wherein the magnetic body has a shape along the outer circumference of the rotary shaft. 10. The synchronous machine according to claim 8, wherein the shape of the magnetic disk from the rotational axis direction is formed into a stitch by connecting the void portions along the first direction. . 11. The synchronous machine according to claim 10, wherein the void portions are connected in a zigzag shape along the first direction so that the shape from the rotational axis direction is a stitch shape. 12. The synchronous machine according to claim 7, wherein a permanent magnet is provided alternately with the magnetic body instead of the non-magnetic body. 13. The synchronization according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet is provided so as to have a magnetic pole along a passage direction of a magnetic flux generated by the first winding. Machine. 14. The synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein the non-magnetic body is made of a conductor such as copper or aluminum. 15. The synchronous machine according to claim 14, wherein the conductors are provided in a ring shape at both ends of the rotor in the rotation axis direction, and are electrically short-circuited. 16. A stator, a first winding provided on the stator to generate a moving magnetic field that moves in an axial direction, and a current provided on the stator and corresponding to a position of the moving magnetic field. A second winding that is caused to flow, and a mover that is provided along the passing direction of the moving magnetic field and that is composed of magnetic bodies that are alternately stacked in the magnetic flux distribution direction of the moving magnetic field via a non-magnetic body. Synchronous machine characterized by having. 17. The first winding comprises at least three windings provided on the stator so as to be displaced by 120 degrees in electrical angle, and is formed by a three-phase AC current displaced by 120 degrees in electrical angle. When excited, a moving magnetic field that moves in the axial direction is generated, and the second winding has an electrical angle of 90 degrees with respect to the first winding.
A three-phase alternating current having the same phase as that of the three-phase alternating current, which is at a three-phase alternating current and has a phase difference of 120 degrees in electrical angle and is provided in the stator. The synchronous machine according to claim 16, wherein: 18. The synchronous machine according to claim 16, wherein the moving element has a thickness of the magnetic body in the magnetic flux distribution direction corresponding to a magnetic flux distribution of the moving magnetic field. 19. The synchronous machine according to claim 16, 17 or 18, wherein a permanent magnet is provided so as to have a magnetic pole along a passing direction of a magnetic flux generated by the first winding. 20. The nonmagnetic material is formed of a conductor such as copper or aluminum.
The synchronous machine according to 8 or 19. 21. The first winding and the second winding of the stator.
The synchronous machine according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein only a wound portion of the winding of (1) has an air-core structure.