JPH07241171A - Feed for improving physical condition of fishes and shellfishes and method for administering the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the subject feed, increased in antimicrobial, antiflammatory and antioxidizing actions and capable of reducing a stress on fishes and shellfishes reared in a narrow crawl by mixing propolis with a specific ingredient. CONSTITUTION:This feed for improving physical conditions of fishes and shellfishes is obtained by mixing (A) propolis with (B) at least one of soybeans prepared by fermenting the soybeans, drying the fermented soybeans and converting the dried fermented soybeans into fine powder, rice bran obtained by roasting the rice bran and converting the roasted rice bran into fine powder and finely powdered green tea. When the feed is supplied to the fishes and shellfishes, the appetite is increased to promote the growth and the physical conditions are improved by reducing a stress.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fish and shellfish body condition improving feed.

[0002]

In recent years, shellfish such as abalone and turban shell, freshwater fish such as eel, sweetfish and tilapia, and saltwater fish such as yellowtail, Thailand, tiger puffer and flounder have been actively cultivated. Since these are generally traded at a high price, improving the survival rate from juveniles or juveniles to the time of shipment has become a major issue.

In other words, these cultured fish and shellfish frequently suffer from diseases caused by bacterial infection, and in particular, due to aquaculture in a limited water area, when an infectious disease or the like occurs, it is immediately infected and eradicated. Has become.

These fish and shellfish diseases include infectious diseases such as viral diseases and bacterial diseases, parasitic diseases, nutritional diseases, environmental diseases,
There is a tumor, etc.

The pathogens that cause these diseases are
RNA virus, IPN virus, IHN virus, D
NA virus, HRV virus, OMV virus, Herpes virus Salmonis, Rhabdovirus, Iridovirus, Vibrio anguillarum, Pasteurella pissicida, Aphanomyces pissicida, Aeromonas, Salmonicida, Pseudomonas, Condrococcus, Streptococcus californica, Flexibacillus, Frexicillus. Yersinia Lachelli, Mixobuls
There are many types such as Cerabralis, Ichthiohonus hoeri, Flavobacterium blankiofila, Benedenia seriole (mothworm).

[0006] For example, many fishes have viral erythrocytic necrosis and Vibrio disease, which mainly consist of erythrocyte nucleus destruction and cytoplasmic inclusions.

[0007] Lymphocystis disease forms water bubbles on the skin of the head, trunk, tail, scales, etc. of fish, and its spooky appearance loses commercial value. Alternatively, fungal diseases are diseases caused by fungi existing in water that parasitize fish and shellfish.

Further, there are protozoal diseases, monoparasitic diseases, tapeworm diseases, nematode diseases, hook-head worm diseases, crustacean diseases, etc., which parasitize and debilitate the fish and shellfish to inhibit their growth. These parasites float in seawater in the form of eggs or hatched larvae and attach to fish and shellfish, but they are difficult to attach when seawater is flowing.

Although various preventive and therapeutic methods have been conventionally used for the above-mentioned diseases, these methods are still insufficient.

For example, there is one in which a drug intended for bacterial diseases is mixed in feed, and specific examples thereof include an antibiotic cefm compound (JP-A-60-23317) and clindamycin (JP-A-59-59). 76020), josamycin, erythromycin, kitasamycin, oleandomycin polystyrene sulfonate, spiramycin, tylosin, lincomycin hydrochloride, aminopentylpenicillin (JP-A-52-117438), cephalexin (JP-A-56-156216), thianphenyni. Cole (JP-A-48-56812), xylone carboxylic acid derivatives of synthetic organic compounds (JP-A-50-117909), nitrofuran derivatives (JP-A-47-43213), trimethylalkylammonium stearate, aminoethanesulfonic acid (JP-A-49- 02822), pyrimidine derivatives (JP 49-102822), oxytetracycline Q, hydrochloride, oxytetracycline, oxolinic acid, ampicillin, and the like.

[0011] To administer the above-mentioned drugs to seafood,
There are the following problems.

First, since bacteria are likely to develop resistance to these drugs, their effects cannot be sustained and they are not useful for preventing or treating bacterial infections. The dose is also limited in terms of toxicity to fish and shellfish. There is concern about the toxic effects of marine pollution on fish and shellfish outside the aquaculture pond. The human body may be affected by the shipment of the drug while it is contained.

Further, the above-mentioned commercially available drugs with manufacturing approval cannot be used for fish species such as Japanese flounder, striped horse mackerel, and tiger puffer fish, and the nematode and aphidosis of yellowtail, red sea bream, tiger puffer fish, and the like. There is also a problem that there is no anthelmintic agent or a cure for columnaris disease, which is an important eel disease.

[0014]

On the other hand, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-236449,
A fish feed containing propolis produced by bees as an active ingredient has been proposed. Propolis is a natural substance made by mixing the secretions of the bees themselves with the sap collected by the bees from various trees, and it has antibacterial action, anti-inflammatory action, and antioxidant action. As disclosed in JP-A-62-236449, some effects were obtained by administering to fish and shellfish mixed with feed, but it was still insufficient.

In particular, it was hardly possible to confirm the effect of alleviating the stress that is inevitably generated in the fish that are cultivated in large amounts in a small aquaculture pond.

There is a problem that the fish in Ikeshu is heavily stressed, and the fish body is rubbed against the net of Ikeshu to cause scratches on the skin and scales, and bacteria and parasites are easily attached to the fish. Further, there is a problem that prey is reduced due to stress and growth is slowed down.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and greatly increases antibacterial action, anti-inflammatory action and antioxidant action as compared with the case where propolis is simply added to the feed. , A fish and shellfish physical condition-improving feed that can significantly reduce the stress of fish and shellfish kept in a narrow livestock state, prevent the rubbing of fish nets on the net, enhance appetite, and promote growth, and its administration method The purpose is to provide.

[0018]

The present invention relates to soybeans containing propolis as an active ingredient, fermented and then dried into fine powder,
The above object is achieved by a fish and shellfish physical condition-improving feed obtained by mixing at least one of rice bran and fine powder green tea which are made into fine powder after roasting.

The above-mentioned fish and shellfish physical condition improving feed may be adjusted by the following formulation. Propolis extract (30 degrees) 1 part Soybeans dried after fermentation into fine powder 1 part Rice bran finely powdered after roasting 0.5 parts Fine powder green tea 2 parts

Further, the method for administering the fish and shellfish condition-improving feed according to the present invention comprises soybeans which are made into a fine powder after fermentation by using propolis as an active ingredient, and rice bran and fine powder green tea which are fine powders after roasting. In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, 50 to 200 mg of a fish and shellfish physical condition-improving feed, which is a mixture of at least one of them, is attached to the feed once per kg of fish and shellfish.

In the above administration method, the feed may be solid feed, and the fish and shellfish physical condition improving feed may be attached to the solid feed with edible oil.

[0022]

According to the present invention, as described in claim 1, at least one of soybeans which are dried after fermentation into fine powder, rice bran after roasted into fine powder and fine green tea powder is mixed with propolis. Based on the synergistic effect based on, the antibacterial action, the anti-inflammatory action and the antioxidative action are dramatically increased, and the stress of fish and shellfish is significantly increased, as compared with the case where propolis alone or propolis and these fermented soybeans are administered separately. It is based on the discovery that it reduces to.

[0023] Particularly, as described in claim 2, by mixing soybean rice bran and green tea in a fixed ratio to the propolis extract, the above-mentioned antibacterial action, antiflame action, antioxidative action and stress reducing action are achieved. Could be the largest.

Further, as in the invention of claim 3, a fish shellfish physical condition-improving feed containing propolis as an active ingredient and soybean fine powder and the like is administered in an amount of 50 to 200 mg per kg of the shellfish body weight, so that the most efficiency is obtained. Good results were obtained such as antibacterial effect.

Further, according to the invention of claim 4, the fish and shellfish physical condition improving feed can be ingested by fish and shellfish by adhering it to the solid feed with edible oil.

[0026]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below.

In this example, a fish and shellfish body condition improving feed was prepared by the following formulation. Propolis extract (30 degrees) 1 part Soybean dried after fermentation to make part powder 1 part Rice bran made into fine powder after roasting 0.5 part Fine powder green tea 2 parts

Here, propolis is a liquid obtained by coarsely crushing a propolis block and then immersing it in 95% ethanol, and mixing it with the fermented soybean, rice bran, and fine powder of green tea to improve the condition of fish and shellfish. Was adjusted. Furthermore, when this fish and shellfish physical condition-improving feed was administered to fish and shellfish, the amount of one dose was 1/10000 of the fish weight, and this was used by adhering it to the solid feed for one dose with edible oil.

Propolis contains flavonoids,
Particularly, in terms of its antibacterial action, a wide antibacterial spectrum is obtained against bacteria infecting fish and shellfish, so that an excellent effect of preventing bacterial infection was obtained. Fermented soybeans also have an increased antioxidant content due to fermentation, and rice bran has a similar increase in antioxidant content due to roasting. In particular, the vitamin B group contained in the rice bran is insufficient due to raw fish feed. Has the function of replenishing.

Further, the green tea fine powder contains a large amount of vitamin C having an antioxidant effect, flavonoids having an antibacterial and antioxidant effect, and catechins having an antibacterial effect.

In the fish and shellfish physical condition-improving feed of the above-mentioned example, propolis having the above-mentioned function is mixed with fermented soybean, rice bran and fine powder of green tea, and their synergistic effect allows them to be administered separately. Compared with the case, not only the antibacterial action, the anti-inflammatory action and the antioxidative action were increased but also the stress relieving action was obtained for the fish and shellfish.

The present inventor conducted an administration experiment of the above-mentioned fish and shellfish physical condition improving feed to a freshwater aquaculture pond of silver salmon in the Daisetsuzan district and the Akan district of Hokkaido.

In the test area, 100 fry in a pond of 7 × 10 m.
0 to 15,000 fish were released and transferred to another pond as they grew up, and finally 5000 to 7,000 fish were used as a control. From the 20th day after hatching, the above-mentioned fish and shellfish physical condition improving feed was fed 3 to 4 times a day. , Continuous administration for 8 months until acclimatization to seawater. One week after acclimatization of seawater, 500 km was transferred in a tank of a live fish boat, and aquaculture was started in a new Ikeshu.

From the results of the above test, it was confirmed that the occurrence of stress was remarkably suppressed as compared with the conventional and non-administered control groups. For example, when people approached, they not only escaped but also swarmed. The prey is vigorous. It grows fast and gains weight (gets fat). I was not infected with bacteria.

When acclimatizing to seawater or moving to a live fish boat, the following remarkable differences appeared after the transfer. That is, swarming in a certain direction in a short time without threatening to get accustomed, and when moving, brightening the moving direction (in this case, the direction of the live fish boat) causes swarming to move smoothly and the mortality rate after transfer is 0%. It was equal to.

On the other hand, in the control group to which the above-mentioned fish and shellfish physical condition-improving feed was not given, swiftness was felt for a long time at the time of acclimatization and swarming in a certain direction was not possible. When moving, I couldn't move smoothly from the acquaintance pond to the living fish boat. The mortality rate was almost 20% both during transportation and after Ikeshu was released. In any of the above cases,
Behaviors such as leaving the group appeared.

In the above example, 1 part of propolis extract (30 degrees), 1 part of finely powdered soybean were used as the fish and shellfish condition improving feed.
Parts, 0.5 parts of finely powdered rice bran and 2 parts of finely powdered green tea, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and these include the type of fish and shellfish, the degree of growth and infection. It may be increased or decreased depending on factors such as disease type, environmental conditions, concentration of propolis, etc., and in some cases, one or two of fine powder soybean, fine powder rice bran and fine powder green tea may be mixed with propolis. Good. Further, the propolis is not limited to the ethanol extract, and the propolis block may be pulverized into a fine powder.

Further, the dose of the fish and shellfish physical condition-improving feed is not limited to the amount of 1/10000 of the weight of the fish and shellfish as described above. Depending on the above conditions, it is advisable to administer a single dose of 50 to 200 mg per 1 kg of fish and shellfish as a mixture (adhesion) with the feed. Of course, the fish and shellfish body condition improving feed alone may be administered alone without being mixed with the feed.

[0039] In the above example, the fish and shellfish physical condition-improving feed was attached to the solid feed using edible oil.
The present invention is not limited to this, squid, anchovy, sardine, saury, mackerel may be administered by adhering to or mixed with a live feed consisting of multi-harvest marine fish such as mackerel, in the case of a mixed feed, Not limited to solid feed, it may be administered by adhering to mash (powder), or may be adhering to oregon mist pellets obtained by mixing raw bait with mince and granulating. .

It was confirmed that the above-mentioned fish and shellfish physical condition-improving feed did not deteriorate even after being stored for a long period of time, and had the same effect as in the initial adjustment. In addition, no adverse effects could be confirmed even if the dose was increased more than the above dose.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A fish and shellfish physical condition-improving feed obtained by mixing at least one of soybeans containing propolis as an active ingredient after fermentation and dried into fine powder, roasted fine powdered rice sugar and fine powder green tea. . 2. The fish and shellfish physical condition-improving feed according to claim 1, which is prepared by the following formulation. Propolis extract (30 degrees) 1 part Soybeans dried after fermentation into fine powder 1 part Rice bran finely powdered after roasting 0.5 parts Fine powder green tea 2 parts 3. A fish and shellfish physical condition-improving feed comprising propolis as an active ingredient, and at least one of soybeans that are fermented and dried into a fine powder, roasted fine powdered rice bran and fine powdered green tea. A method of administering a diet for improving physical condition of fish and shellfish, which comprises administering 50 to 200 mg per kg of fish and shellfish once attached to a single feed. 4. The method for administering a fish and shellfish physical condition improving feed according to claim 3, wherein the feed is solid feed and the fish and shellfish physical condition improving feed is attached to the solid feed with edible oil.