JPH07224173A - Production of raw material for molding having biodegradability and production of molding having biodegradability - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the subject reusable raw material useful for a cushioning packing material, etc., having safety and complete biodegradability by mixing a starch of potato with water into a pasty state and blending the starchy material with a starch of potato and a flexibility imparter. CONSTITUTION:First, a starch of potato is mixed with water in the ratio of preferably 100-250 pts.wt. of water of to 100 pts.wt. of the starch of potato, stirred and is made into a starchy state by heating or pressurizing. Then, the starchy material is blended with preferably 20-60 pts.wt. of a starch of potato and preferably 2-10 pts.wt. of an emulsifying agent (preferably lecithin), preferably 2-10 pts.wt. of a stabilizer (preferably alginic acid propylene glycol ester) and preferably 2-10 pts.wt. of a quality improver (preferably sodium polyphosphate) as a flexibility imparter and stirred to give the objective raw material. In the case of providing the raw material with water resistance, the starchy material is preferably mixed with 3-10 pts.wt. of a soybean protein or gelatin as a water resistance imparter in the process for adding the starch of potato to the starchy material.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a raw material for a molded article having biodegradability and a method for producing a molded article having biodegradability. More specifically, the main raw material is starch, which is a biodegradable material of plant origin, and molded articles are cushioning materials, packaging materials, containers, plates and the like. Then, this molded product can be reused as a fertilizer, a secondary material for a soil conditioner, a filler, and the like by collecting used products, and can be returned to the soil.
It can be reused as an auxiliary material for feeds for livestock, pets and the like, a filler and the like, and can also be reused as a raw material and a filler for the molded article according to the present invention. The molded product can also be used as an edible product. As described above, the molded article according to the present invention has a new aspect that it can be easily recycled as well as one of the materials that are in harmony with the environment. Now that it has become clear that there are limits to resources and the environment, the development of materials that are in harmony with the environment and that can be recycled is required, and the present invention plays a part in that.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, in this type, the following has been done. The first method is to collect and reuse plastic waste that is causing environmental pollution. As the second method, those that cannot be reused were landfilled or incinerated, but they have the following problems. That is, regarding the second method, 1.
Plastic waste has a large volume ratio per unit weight,
It significantly reduces the efficiency of landfill facilities. 2. When incinerating plastic waste, the amount of heat generated is high, which significantly impairs the life of the incinerator and produces harmful gases, which is an obstacle to environmental conservation measures. Against this background, the social needs of how to deal with environmental problems and how to solve them are part of the waste treatment problem.
Plastic waste has become the focus of attention, and plastics that can be decomposed by microorganisms that do not burden the natural environment-friendly ecosystem, that is, biodegradable plastics are microbial production methods, natural product modification methods, chemical synthesis methods, etc. Has been developed and produced by various methods.

As the background, it seems that the following matters exist. 1. One of the environmental protection problems is environmental pollution caused by plastic waste. This is because plastic waste does not easily decompose in the natural world, the volume ratio per unit weight is large, and when it is incinerated, the calorific value is higher than other materials, and harmful gas is generated inside. There are also things. 2. Therefore, as measures against plastic waste, product development on the premise of reuse and development of biodegradable plastic that is decomposed by microorganisms in the natural world are being promoted.

[0004]

The biodegradable plastics described in the prior art have attracted a great deal of attention, but have the following problems. 1. Biodegradable plastics produced by microorganisms are a type of polyester. Although it is produced by hydrogen bacteria and can be molded in the same manner as general-purpose thermoplastics, it has problems such as improvement in production efficiency and cost reduction. 2. Biodegradable plastics obtained by modifying natural products are natural disintegrating materials in which starch and the like are mixed with general-purpose plastics. This is a mixture of plastic with a substance that causes biodegradation, such as starch, and has the problem of only partial decomposition. 3. Many large-scale chemical companies are conducting research and development on biodegradable plastics produced by chemical synthesis, but advanced technology based on molecular design is required. Further, there are problems that the decomposition time is slow, such as about 12 months being required for decomposition, and the safety of the decomposed product is not guaranteed. Thus, the conventional technology is
There are issues that must be resolved in terms of decomposition rate in the natural world, economic efficiency, and technology. In addition, the production of any of the above methods requires a large-scale device and a high degree of technical control, and also requires a great deal of cost for introduction.

The present application has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art, and an object of the present application is to provide the following. The present invention is a basic method for producing various molded products using starch as a main raw material, and is intended to expand the use as a raw material for industrial products as well as edible agricultural products.
The molded product according to the present invention containing starch as the main raw material has the same physical properties as those of the conventional Styrofoam tray, and can be reused as a filling auxiliary material such as fertilizer, feed, soil improver after use. It has a great feature that it can be easily decomposed in nature even if it is thrown away. In addition, the molded product manufactured according to the control in food processing is an epoch-making invention such that it can be used as food.

That is, the features of the present invention are listed below. 1. Since starch is used as the main raw material, it is significantly superior to biodegradable plastics produced by conventional production methods in terms of productivity and cost. 2. While conventional molded articles obtained by adding starch or the like to general-purpose plastics are partially biodegraded, most of them are composed of plant-derived starch and can be said to be completely biodegradable materials. 3. Compared with conventional biodegradable plastics produced by chemical synthesis, since starch is the main raw material, sophisticated molecular design and large-scale equipment are not required. In addition, the biodegradation is also carried out in soil for a short period of time, and since the starch, which is a natural product, is used, the safety of the decomposed product is ensured, and furthermore, it is superior in terms of natural reduction.

4. Since starch is the main raw material and secondary materials selected from food additives are used, it is possible to reuse
It can also be used as an auxiliary material for feed and fertilizer. 5. Since it is a molded product that uses starch as the main raw material, recovery,
It can be reused as a filler for crushed starch paste and is economical. 6. It is possible to obtain a molded product having the same physical properties as those of the current Styrofoam tray, container, cushioning material, etc., using only starch. 7. Flexibility, water resistance and the like can be imparted to the above-mentioned molded product.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is as follows. That is,
The method for producing a raw material for a molded article having biodegradability according to the present application includes the following first to third steps. First step-mixing potato starch with an appropriate amount of water and stirring. Second step-paste is formed by heating or pressurizing. From the third step to the paste-like shape, an appropriate amount of potato starch and an appropriate amount of an emulsifier, a stabilizer, a quality improving agent and the like as a softening agent are added, mixed and stirred.

The following is possible. A. In the first step, 100 parts of potato starch and 100 to 2 water
In the third step, 50 to 60 parts of potato starch was mixed with 50 parts, and emulsifiers, stabilizers, quality improvers and the like as softening agents were added to 2 to 10 parts, respectively.
Add parts, mix, and stir. B. In the first step and the third step, corn starch, wheat starch and rice starch are used in place of potato starch. C. In the third step, an appropriate amount of one of soybean protein, white egg, agar, gelatin, and vegetable oil is added to impart water resistance. D. In the third step, antioxidants, preservatives, etc. are added. E. It comprises the following first to third steps. First step: 100-250 parts of water is mixed with 100 parts of potato starch and stirred. Second step-paste is formed by heating or pressurizing. 3rd step ~ When the paste is formed, add 20 g of potato starch.
~ 60 parts, and as a softening agent, emulsifiers such as restin, sorbitan fatty acid ester, glycerin fatty acid ester, propylene glycol alginate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, stabilizers such as sodium starch glycolate, sodium polyphosphate, sodium metaphosphate, etc. 2-1 quality improvers
Add 0 parts, mix and stir.

The method for producing a biodegradable molded article is as follows:
The raw material for a molded article obtained by the above-described method for producing a raw material for a molded article having biodegradability is molded by an open pressure press. Then, in this case, the molding conditions by the open pressure press are as follows: mold temperature 150 to 250 ° C., molding pressure 5 to 5.
The molding time may be 0 kg / cm ² and the molding time may be 1 to 5 minutes. Further, it may be configured by the following first step to fourth step. First step: 100-250 parts of water is mixed with 100 parts of potato starch and stirred. Second step-paste is formed by heating or pressurizing. 3rd step ~ When the paste is formed, add 20 g of potato starch.
~ 60 parts, and as a softening agent, emulsifiers such as restin, sorbitan fatty acid ester, glycerin fatty acid ester, propylene glycol alginate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, stabilizers such as sodium starch glycolate, sodium polyphosphate, sodium metaphosphate, etc. 2-1 quality improvers
Add 0 parts, mix and stir. From the fourth step to the open pressure press. Molding conditions at this time are a mold temperature of 150 to 250 ° C., a molding pressure of 5 to 50 kg / cm ² , and a molding time of 1 to 5 minutes.

[0011]

EXAMPLES Examples will be described with reference to the drawings. As an example, description will be given with reference to a typical example using potato starch as a main raw material, which is conventionally difficult to process because it can only be molded to have an uneven thickness. To briefly describe an example of the conventional manufacturing process, the first process-100 parts of potato starch and 50-300 parts of water are mixed and stirred. From the second step to heating or applying pressure to form a paste. 3rd process-The paste-shaped thing is moved to a shaping | molding die, and it shape | molds with a closed processing press. At this time, the molding conditions are generally as follows. Mold temperature is 12
The molding pressure is 0 to 150 ° C., the molding pressure is 10 to 50 kg / cm ² , and the molding time is 1 to 5 minutes. The appearance of the molded product is uneven in that the swelling is uneven, and the molded product has unevenness. The physical properties tend to be hard and brittle.

In order to make the swelling condition uniform, various studies were conducted to obtain the following formulation. First step: 100-250 parts of water is mixed with 100 parts of potato starch and stirred. From the second step to heating or applying pressure to form a paste. From the third step to the paste-like shape, 20 to 60 parts of a filler such as calcium carbonate is mixed and stirred. From the fourth step to the open pressure press. At this time, the molding conditions are a mold temperature of 150 to 250 ° C. and a molding pressure of 5 to 10 k.
g / cm ² , molding time is 1 to 5 minutes. By this manufacturing method, molding with a uniform thickness was possible. However, the physical property of being hard and brittle was not improved. In order to solve this physical property, the kind of the filler was adjusted together with the amount, and potato starch was used as the filler in the third step, and the physical properties close to those of the Styrofoam product could be obtained.

Therefore, the first invention (method for producing a raw material for a molded article having biodegradability) is configured as follows. First step: 100-250 parts of water is mixed with 100 parts of potato starch and stirred. Second step-paste is formed by heating or pressurizing. 3rd step ~ When the paste is formed, add 20 g of potato starch.
~ 60 parts, and an emulsifier as a softening agent (restin, sorbitan fatty acid ester, glycerin fatty acid ester, etc.), stabilizer (propylene glycol alginate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium starch glycolate, etc.), quality improver (sodium polyphosphate) , Sodium metaphosphate, etc.) and the like, and mixed and stirred.

The emulsifier is used for the purpose of dispersing water and fats and oils, and the one used by Kao and Nippon Oil and Fats was used by the manufacturer. The stabilizer is used for the purpose of preventing deterioration due to heat during molding, and the manufacturer used Kibun Food Chemifa and Kimitsu Kagaku. The quality improver is used for the purpose of improving the physical properties of the molded product, for example, giving flexibility, and the manufacturer used those from Kanto Chemical and Yoneyama Chemical. Of course, it is not limited to these.
In the first step and the third step, examples of using potato starch as the filler are listed, but cornstarch, wheat starch, rice starch, or inexpensive imported starch can be substituted as the filler, for example.

Further, in the third step, it was confirmed that the addition of 3 to 10 parts of one of soybean protein, white egg, agar, gelatin and vegetable oil was effective for imparting water resistance. With respect to imparting this water resistance, it will have resistance to biodegradability, and the composition must be adjusted depending on the application. In addition, it was confirmed that addition of an antioxidant, a preservative (food preservative) and the like in the third step is also effective for preservation of the molded article. Of course, antioxidants prevent oxidation by oxygen in the air. Preservatives include antifungal agents. At this time, additives must be selected from food additives and take into consideration secondary pollution to the environment.

Next, the second invention (method for producing a biodegradable molded article) is constituted as follows. First step: 100-250 parts of water is mixed with 100 parts of potato starch and stirred. Second step-paste is formed by heating or pressurizing. 3rd step ~ When the paste is formed, add 20 g of potato starch.
~ 60 parts, and an emulsifier as a softening agent (restin, sorbitan fatty acid ester, glycerin fatty acid ester, etc.), stabilizer (propylene glycol alginate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium starch glycolate, etc.), quality improver (sodium polyphosphate) , Sodium metaphosphate, etc.) and the like, and mixed and stirred. From the fourth step to the open pressure press. Molding conditions at this time are a mold temperature of 150 to 250 ° C., a molding pressure of 5 to 50 kg / cm ² , and a molding time of 1 to 5 minutes. As a result, a deflection amount equal to or higher than that of the Styrofoam product was obtained.

Here, a molding die 1 for a cushioning material and a molding die 2 for a dish, which are molded products, will be described with reference to one example thereof. The molding die 1 for the cushioning material is composed of a lower die 1A and an upper die 1B with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
A hemispherical recess 1A1 is formed on the upper surface of the lower die 1A, a heater 1A2 is attached to the lower surface, and guide pins 1A3 are planted at the corners of the upper surface. In addition, a hemispherical recess 1B1 is formed on the lower surface of the upper mold 1B, a heater 1B2 is attached to the upper surface, and a guide hole 1B3 is formed at the lower surface corner. A water vapor venting hole 1B11 communicating with the outside air is provided at the top of the recess 1B1. 1C
Is a raw material and 1C1 is a cushioning material manufactured by the molding die 1.

The molding die 2 for a plate is composed of a lower die 2A and an upper die 2B with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6, and a lower die 2A.
A flat recessed portion 2A1 for a dish is formed on the upper surface, a heater 2A2 is attached to the lower surface, and guide pins 2A3 are planted in the corners of the upper surface. Further, a protrusion 2B1 corresponding to the recess 2A1 is formed on the lower surface of the upper mold 2B, a heater 2B2 is attached to the upper surface thereof, and a guide hole 2B3 is formed at a corner of the lower surface. A water vapor vent hole 2A11 communicating with the outside air is provided at the top of the recess 2A1. 2C is a raw material, and 2C1 is a buffer material manufactured by the molding die 2. As a result, it became possible to mold starch as the main raw material, and it became possible to apply it to various fields.

The operation and the effect will be described.

[0020]

The product produced by the present invention overcomes many problems as compared with conventional biodegradable plastics. It is used as a cushioning packaging material for confectionery, fruits, and various devices, as well as conventional polystyrene trays, containers, cushioning materials, and the like. 2. The material provided with water resistance can be used as an article having a high water content, for example, a container or packaging material for seafood, beverages and the like.

Further, the present application is intended to overcome the problems of the prior art and provide the following effects (actions). 1. Using starch as the main raw material, it can play a role in expanding the use of agricultural products other than food. 2. Regarding starch processing among potato starch, it was difficult to perform uniform processing due to the wide distribution of starch particles, but uniform molding was made possible by adjusting the amount of filler added. . That is, when the paste is made of potato starch only and is molded by a closed processing press like ordinary plastic molding, when heat-pressed by the inherent properties of potato starch particles (wide particle size distribution),
Unevenness (unevenness) occurs in the expansion state. Therefore, we thought that it was necessary to add a filler (calcium carbonate) to alleviate the inherent properties of potato starch in order to make it uniform. Toothpaste and Udonado blended with calcium carbonate. However, calcium carbonate is a hard and brittle material although it has a uniform swelling property. Therefore, an attempt was made to add other fillers, but no good result was obtained, and the problem was solved by adding potato starch as it is to poison because it is poison.

3. Since starch is the main raw material, it is 100% biodegradable when placed in nature. 4. By collecting used waste, it can be effectively reused for feed, fertilizer, soil conditioner, etc. due to its inherent properties. 5. In addition to the above-mentioned reuse, this waste can be effectively reused as a filler for the raw material for production in the form of powder. 6. It can also be used for food. At present, the waste of plastic products is in a very difficult situation such as recovery and recycling. It has various problems in the processing process. Since the present invention uses agricultural products as the main raw material, it is 100% decomposed in the natural world, which is an epoch-making technique and can be expected to be used in a wide range.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of an essential part in a state where a molding die for cushioning material is separated.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state where raw materials are put in a molding die for cushioning material.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the action of a molding die for cushioning material.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of a main part in a state where a molding die for a dish is separated.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the operation of a molding die for a dish.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a lower mold for a mold for a plate.

[Explanation of reference numerals] 1 Mold for buffer material 1A Lower mold 1B Upper mold 2 Mold for mold 2A Lower mold 2B Upper mold

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Office reference number FI technical display location // A23L 1/00 G B29K 96:00 B29L 22:00 C08L 3:00 (72) Inventor Ota Hideyuki Hokkaido, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo Misono 7-2-1-20 (72) Inventor Toru Hirano, Teine-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido 6-5-11-25, Shinkansen (72) Inventor Josuke Shimizu Minami-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido Kitanozawa 6-2, 2-2

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A method of producing a raw material for a molded article having biodegradability, which comprises the following first to third steps. First step-mixing potato starch with an appropriate amount of water and stirring. Second step-paste is formed by heating or pressurizing. From the third step to the paste-like shape, an appropriate amount of potato starch and an appropriate amount of an emulsifier, a stabilizer, a quality improving agent and the like as a softening agent are added, mixed and stirred. 2. In the first step, 100 to 250 parts of water is mixed with 100 parts of potato starch and stirred, and in the third step, when the paste is formed, 20 to 60 parts of potato starch and a softening agent are added. 2. The method for producing a raw material for a molded article having biodegradability according to claim 1, wherein 2 to 10 parts of an emulsifier, a stabilizer, a quality improving agent and the like are added, mixed and stirred. 3. The method for producing a raw material for a biodegradable molded article according to claim 1 or 2, wherein cornstarch, wheat starch, or rice starch is used in place of potato starch in the first step and the third step. 4. In the third step, to impart water resistance,
4. An appropriate amount of one of soybean protein, white egg, agar, gelatin, and vegetable oil is added.
A method for producing a raw material for a molded article having biodegradability according to any one of 1. 5. The method for producing a raw material for a biodegradable molded article according to claim 1, wherein an antioxidant, a preservative and the like are added in the third step. 6. A method for producing a raw material for a molded article having biodegradability, which comprises the following first to third steps. First step: 100-250 parts of water is mixed with 100 parts of potato starch and stirred. Second step-paste is formed by heating or pressurizing. 3rd step ~ When the paste is formed, add 20 g of potato starch.
~ 60 parts, and as a softening agent, emulsifiers such as restin, sorbitan fatty acid ester, glycerin fatty acid ester, propylene glycol alginate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, stabilizers such as sodium starch glycolate, sodium polyphosphate, sodium metaphosphate, etc. 2-1 quality improvers
Add 0 parts, mix and stir. 7. A raw material for a molded article obtained by the method for producing a raw material for a molded article having biodegradability according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is molded by an open pressure press. A method for producing a molded article having a characteristic biodegradability. 8. Molding conditions by an open pressure press are as follows: mold temperature 150-250 ° C., molding pressure 5-50 kg / cm.
^2. The method for producing a biodegradable molded article according to claim 6, wherein the molding time is 1 to 5 minutes. 9. A method for producing a biodegradable molded article, which comprises the following first to fourth steps. First step: 100-250 parts of water is mixed with 100 parts of potato starch and stirred. Second step-paste is formed by heating or pressurizing. 3rd step ~ When the paste is formed, add 20 g of potato starch.
~ 60 parts, and as a softening agent, emulsifiers such as restin, sorbitan fatty acid ester, glycerin fatty acid ester, propylene glycol alginate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, stabilizers such as sodium starch glycolate, sodium polyphosphate, sodium metaphosphate, etc. 2-1 quality improvers
Add 0 parts, mix and stir. From the fourth step to the open pressure press. Molding conditions at this time are a mold temperature of 150 to 250 ° C., a molding pressure of 5 to 50 kg / cm ² , and a molding time of 1 to 5 minutes.