JPH0717872A - Blood separation system - Google Patents
Blood separation systemInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0717872A JPH0717872A JP5190803A JP19080393A JPH0717872A JP H0717872 A JPH0717872 A JP H0717872A JP 5190803 A JP5190803 A JP 5190803A JP 19080393 A JP19080393 A JP 19080393A JP H0717872 A JPH0717872 A JP H0717872A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- blood
- filter
- leukocyte removal
- balloon
- leukocyte
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 210000000265 leukocyte Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010836 blood and blood product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940125691 blood product Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940127219 anticoagulant drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002949 hemolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- KUQRLZZWFINMDP-BGNLRFAXSA-N 2-[(3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O KUQRLZZWFINMDP-BGNLRFAXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012503 blood component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004820 blood count Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003761 preservation solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】
【構成】 血液を収容する上部バツグと白血球除去後の
血液を収容する下部バツグの間に、白血球除去フイルタ
ーとバルーンを並列で設け、これらを互いに連通管によ
って閉鎖系で繋げた血液分離システム。
【効果】 白血球除去フイルター内に残存する血液を閉
鎖系で回収できる。
(57) [Summary] [Structure] A leukocyte-removing filter and a balloon are provided in parallel between the upper bag that contains blood and the lower bag that contains blood after leukocyte removal, and these are connected to each other by a communication tube in a closed system. Blood separation system. [Effect] Blood remaining in the leukocyte removal filter can be collected in a closed system.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は血液中の白血球を分離す
るシステムに関する。FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a system for separating leukocytes in blood.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】輸血後、白血球混入に基づく副作用を予
防するために、白血球を除去してから輸血するのが一般
化され、白血球を除去された血液製剤の需要が増加して
いる。一般に採血される４５０ｃｃの血液中には２〜３
×１０9 個の白血球が存在し、その血液を輸血された患
者は抗白血球抗体を産生して非溶血性発熱反応を発生す
る。そこで血液中の白血球の９９．９％を除去すると、
白血球数は上記単位量において１０6 個レベルに低下
し、非溶血性発熱反応は予防される。2. Description of the Related Art After transfusion, in order to prevent side effects due to leukocyte contamination, it is general to remove leukocytes before transfusion, and the demand for leukocyte-depleted blood products is increasing. 2 to 3 in 450 cc of blood that is generally collected
Patients who have x10 9 white blood cells and whose blood has been transfused produce anti-leukocyte antibodies and develop a non-hemolytic fever reaction. So if you remove 99.9% of the white blood cells in your blood,
The white blood cell count is reduced to the level of 10 6 in the above unit dose, and the non-hemolytic fever reaction is prevented.
【０００３】また、輸血後の副作用は白血球に起因する
同種免疫反応によることが解明されるにつれ、より高い
レベルにまで白血球を除去することが要望され、除去性
能の優れた白血球除去フイルターの開発が進められてい
る。Further, as it has been clarified that the side effect after blood transfusion is due to the alloimmune reaction caused by leukocytes, it is demanded to remove leukocytes to a higher level, and the development of a leukocyte removal filter having an excellent removal performance. It is being advanced.
【０００４】白血球除去フイルターは極細繊維からなる
不織布をハウジングに充填したもので、血液をそれに通
過させるだけで白血球は除去され、その除去率は高いも
のである。白血球除去フイルターは以上のような優れた
性能を有し、かつ、簡便であることから、血液製剤の調
製で白血球を除去するには、白血球除去フイルターがし
ばしば採用されている。The leukocyte removal filter has a housing filled with a non-woven fabric made of ultrafine fibers. The leukocytes are removed only by passing blood through it, and the removal rate is high. Since the leukocyte removal filter has the above-mentioned excellent performance and is simple, the leukocyte removal filter is often adopted to remove leukocytes in the preparation of blood products.
【０００５】血液製剤の調製で白血球を除去する手順
は、バツグ内の白血球除去前の血液を白血球除去フイル
ターに通し、そうして得た白血球除去後の血液をバツグ
に受ける方法で行われる。The procedure for removing leukocytes in the preparation of blood products is carried out by passing blood before leukocyte removal in the bag through a leukocyte removal filter and receiving the thus obtained blood after leukocyte removal in the bag.
【０００６】白血球除去フイルターの使用方法は生理食
塩液によるプライミング操作を行わないで血液を直接フ
イルターに充填して瀘過する。また、瀘過終了後は、フ
イルターに生理食塩液を流してフイルター内に残存する
血液を回収するということもなく、そのまま使用済のフ
イルターを廃棄する。The leukocyte-removing filter is used by directly filling the filter with blood without performing a priming operation with a physiological saline solution and filtering. Further, after the completion of the filtration, the physiological saline solution is not poured into the filter to collect the blood remaining in the filter, and the used filter is discarded as it is.
【０００７】よって、白血球除去フイルターへのプライ
ミング量に相当する血液がフイルター内に残存するため
に血液回収率は低下する。そこで、フイルター内残存血
液を回収するために、フイルター上部にバクテリアを通
過させない孔の疎水性ベントフイルターを配置し、外部
の空気を導入することが提案されている。しかし、この
方法はベントフイルターから供給される空気流量は少な
く血液回収に要する時間が長くなることから好ましくな
いし、また、ベントフイルターから無菌的な空気を供給
するものの、開放系システムになることが好ましくな
い。Therefore, blood corresponding to the amount of priming to the leukocyte removal filter remains in the filter, so that the blood recovery rate decreases. Therefore, in order to recover the blood remaining in the filter, it has been proposed to arrange a hydrophobic vent filter having a hole that does not allow bacteria to pass therethrough and introduce external air. However, this method is not preferable because the flow rate of air supplied from the vent filter is small and the time required for blood recovery is long, and although aseptic air is supplied from the vent filter, an open system is preferable. Absent.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、血液中の白
血球を分離する際に白血球除去フイルター内に残存する
血液を無菌的に回収するシステムを提供するものであ
る。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a system for aseptically collecting blood remaining in a leukocyte removal filter when separating leukocytes in blood.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、白血球除去前
の血液を収容する上部バツグと白血球除去後の血液を収
容する下部バツグの間に、分岐管を上下に介して白血球
除去フイルターとバルーンが並列で設けられ、これらは
互いに閉鎖系で連通管で繋がり、上部分岐管とバルーン
の間・下部分岐管と下部バツグの間・下部分岐管とバル
ーンの間にクランプを有することを特徴とする血液分離
システムを要旨とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a leukocyte-removing filter and a balloon are provided through an upper and lower branch pipe between an upper bag containing blood before leukocyte removal and a lower bag containing blood after leukocyte removal. Are provided in parallel, and these are connected to each other by a communication pipe in a closed system, and have clamps between the upper branch pipe and the balloon, between the lower branch pipe and the lower bag, and between the lower branch pipe and the balloon. The main point is the blood separation system.
【００１０】本発明において、白血球除去フイルターと
は、血液中の白血球を除去して他の血液成分を回収する
フイルターであり、繊維径１〜１０μｍの繊維からなる
不織布や繊維集合体、その他多孔質体等をハウジングに
充填したフイルターをいう。上記フイルターの瀘材には
ポリエステル、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリテ
トラフルオロエチレン、ポリアミド等の疎水性繊維を使
用したり、瀘材表面をグルコシルオキシエチルメタクリ
レートを含有する共重合体で処理したものを用いること
がある。In the present invention, the leukocyte-removing filter is a filter for removing leukocytes in blood to recover other blood components, such as a nonwoven fabric or a fiber aggregate made of fibers having a fiber diameter of 1 to 10 μm, and other porous materials. A filter in which a body is filled in a housing. For the filter material of the filter, use hydrophobic fibers such as polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyamide, or use a filter material surface treated with a copolymer containing glucosyloxyethyl methacrylate. There is.
【００１１】本発明において、バルーンは白血球除去フ
イルターのプライミング量に相当する容量又はそれ以上
の容量である大きさであることが好ましい。バルーンと
いえども形は球状に限らない。バルーンの外径、肉厚、
長さは特に限定されるものではないが、肉厚０．１〜
２．０ｍｍ、外径２〜３０ｍｍ、長さ１〜２０ｃｍが好
ましい範囲である。In the present invention, the balloon preferably has a volume corresponding to or larger than the priming amount of the leukocyte removal filter. Even balloons are not limited to spherical shapes. The outer diameter of the balloon, the wall thickness,
The length is not particularly limited, but the wall thickness is 0.1
A preferable range is 2.0 mm, an outer diameter of 2 to 30 mm, and a length of 1 to 20 cm.
【００１２】本発明において、バルーンの材質は弾性特
性を有するものがよい。例えば、シリコーンゴム・ポリ
イソブチレン・ポリイソプレン・天然ゴムのようなゴム
状弾性を示す材料や、ポリエチレン・エチレン−プロピ
レン共重合体のような柔軟性のあるプラスチツク材料で
膨張−収縮の可能なものがよい。In the present invention, the material of the balloon should have elasticity. For example, materials that exhibit rubber-like elasticity such as silicone rubber, polyisobutylene, polyisoprene, and natural rubber, and flexible plastic materials such as polyethylene / ethylene-propylene copolymer that can expand and contract Good.
【００１３】本発明において上部バツグに収容される血
液は、健常人ドナーから採血された抗凝固剤入りの血液
であり、全血、成分血を問わないし、専ら成分血に用い
られる保存液が添加されていてもよい。In the present invention, the blood contained in the upper bag is blood containing an anticoagulant collected from a healthy human donor, which may be whole blood or component blood, and a preservation solution used exclusively for component blood is added. It may have been done.
【００１４】[0014]
【作用】本発明は、白血球除去フイルターの前後の連通
管から分岐することによって、バルーンを上記フイルタ
ーに並列で設けた血液分離システムからなることを特徴
としている。The present invention is characterized in that it comprises a blood separation system in which a balloon is provided in parallel with the filter by branching from a communication tube before and after the leukocyte removal filter.
【００１５】以上のような構成であるので、白血球除去
前の血液を収容する上部バツグから血液を送り、白血球
除去フイルター内の空気を一旦バルーンへ移行させる。
この移行が完了すれば、血液の瀘過を進め、白血球除去
後の血液を下部バツグに収容する。With the above-mentioned structure, the blood in the leukocyte-removing filter is temporarily transferred to the balloon by feeding the blood from the upper bag containing the blood before the leukocyte-removal.
When this transfer is completed, the blood is filtered and the blood after leukocyte removal is stored in the lower bag.
【００１６】血液瀘過が終了すると、バルーン内の空気
を白血球除去フイルターに送り、該フイルター内の血液
を下部バツグに移行させるものである。When the blood filtration is completed, the air in the balloon is sent to the leukocyte removal filter, and the blood in the filter is transferred to the lower bag.
【００１７】なお、クランプや折れ棒又はそれらの類似
物をラインに適宜配置することにより必要な経路を得る
ことができる。The necessary route can be obtained by appropriately disposing a clamp, a bent rod or the like in the line.
【００１８】本発明のシステムは白血球除去フイルター
及びラインである連通管に存在する空気をバルーンに一
旦収容し、バルーンの膨張−収縮作用を利用してフイル
ター内残存血液を回収するものであり、白血球を除去さ
れた血液製剤内に混入する空気を少なくして閉鎖系シス
テムで血液を回収する。本システムは白血球除去フイル
ター及びラインに存在する空気をバルーンに収容し、バ
ルーンの収縮作用を利用してフイルター内残存血液を回
収するものである。In the system of the present invention, the air existing in the leukocyte-removing filter and the communication tube, which is a line, is temporarily stored in the balloon and the residual blood in the filter is recovered by utilizing the expansion-contraction action of the balloon. Blood is collected by a closed system by reducing the amount of air mixed in the removed blood product. In this system, air existing in the leukocyte removal filter and the line is housed in a balloon, and the residual blood in the filter is recovered by utilizing the deflating action of the balloon.
【００１９】[0019]
【発明の効果】本発明は弾性特性を有する材料からなる
バルーンを白血球除去フイルターと並列に設けた血液分
離システムであり、閉鎖系で白血球除去フイルター内に
残存する血液を回収する効果がある。INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is a blood separation system in which a balloon made of a material having elastic properties is provided in parallel with a leukocyte removal filter and has an effect of collecting blood remaining in the leukocyte removal filter in a closed system.
【００２０】[0020]
【実施例】以下、本発明の一実施例を図面に基づき説明
する。図１は、本発明における、血液中の白血球を分離
するシステムの一例である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an example of a system for separating leukocytes in blood according to the present invention.
【００２１】血液バツグ１・分離バツグ５はポリ塩化ビ
ニルで作られ、容量は５００ｍｌである。The blood bag 1 and the separation bag 5 are made of polyvinyl chloride and have a capacity of 500 ml.
【００２２】白血球除去フイルター３は容量が２０ｍｌ
でポリエステルの不織布が３ｇ充填され、このポリエス
テルの繊維径は２μｍである。The leukocyte removal filter 3 has a capacity of 20 ml.
Then, 3 g of a polyester non-woven fabric is filled, and the fiber diameter of this polyester is 2 μm.
【００２３】バルーン７はシリコーンゴムで作られたチ
ユーブであり、チユーブの寸法は外径が１０ｍｍ、内径
が８ｍｍ、長さが１０ｃｍである。The balloon 7 is a tube made of silicone rubber, and the tube has an outer diameter of 10 mm, an inner diameter of 8 mm and a length of 10 cm.
【００２４】ライン２、４、６はポリ塩化ビニルで作ら
れたチユーブが採用され、チユーブの寸法は外径が４ｍ
ｍ、内径が３ｍｍである。The lines 2, 4, 6 are made of polyvinyl chloride, and the size of the tube is 4 m.
m, and the inner diameter is 3 mm.
【００２５】バルーン７とライン６のチユーブとの接続
はポリ塩化ビニルで作られたルアーコネクターを用いて
ある。ポリ塩化ビニルのチユーブはルアーコネクターの
内側に入れ接着する。ルアーコネクターのテーパ部はシ
リコーンゴムのチユーブの内壁に押し込んで接続されて
いる。The connection between the balloon 7 and the tube of the line 6 uses a luer connector made of polyvinyl chloride. Put the polyvinyl chloride tube inside the luer connector and glue. The taper part of the luer connector is pushed into the inner wall of the silicone rubber tube and connected.
【００２６】血液バツグ１内の血液はライン２を通過し
て、血液濾過のため白血球除去フイルター３に流入す
る。The blood in the blood bag 1 passes through the line 2 and flows into the leukocyte removal filter 3 for blood filtration.
【００２７】血液瀘過前にライン４ｂ、６ｂをクランプ
で閉鎖してから、血液バツグ１の血液４５０ｍｌを白血
球除去フイルター３に充填する。この際の血液は抗凝固
剤５０ｍｌを含んでいる。ライン２ａ、２ｂ、白血球除
去フイルター３内の空気は血液で置換されるので、ライ
ン４ａ、６ａを通過してバルーン７に収容される。Before the blood is filtered, the lines 4b and 6b are closed with a clamp, and then 450 ml of blood from the blood bag 1 is filled in the leukocyte removal filter 3. The blood at this time contains 50 ml of the anticoagulant. Since the air in the lines 2a and 2b and the leukocyte removal filter 3 is replaced with blood, the air passes through the lines 4a and 6a and is accommodated in the balloon 7.
【００２８】白血球除去フイルター３の出口側を血液が
通過し始めたら、ライン６ａのクランプを閉鎖してライ
ン４ｂのクランプを開放する。白血球除去フイルター３
から流出した白血球を除去された血液はライン４ａ、４
ｂを通過して分離バツグ５に収容される。When blood starts to pass through the outlet side of the leukocyte removal filter 3, the clamp on line 6a is closed and the clamp on line 4b is opened. Leukocyte removal filter 3
Blood from which white blood cells that have flowed out of the
It passes through b and is accommodated in the separation bag 5.
【００２９】血液バツグ１が空になった時点でライン２
ａをクランプで閉鎖し、ライン６ｂのクランプを開放
し、バルーン７に収容した空気を白血球除去フイルター
３に流入させてフイルター内残存血液を分離バツグ５に
回収する。When blood bag 1 is empty, line 2
a is closed with a clamp, the clamp of the line 6b is opened, the air contained in the balloon 7 is caused to flow into the leukocyte removal filter 3, and the blood remaining in the filter is collected in the separation bag 5.
【図１】本発明による血液分離システムの実施例の説明
図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of a blood separation system according to the present invention.
１ 血液バツグ ２ ライン ３ 白血球除去フイルター ４ ライン ５ 分離バツグ ６ ライン ７ バルーン 1 blood bag 2 line 3 leukocyte removal filter 4 line 5 separation bag 6 line 7 balloon
Claims (1)
グと白血球除去後の血液を収容する下部バツグの間に、
分岐管を上下に介して白血球除去フイルターとバルーン
が並列で設けられ、これらは互いに閉鎖系で連通管で繋
がり、上部分岐管とバルーンの間・下部分岐管と下部バ
ツグの間・下部分岐管とバルーンの間にクランプを有す
ることを特徴とする血液分離システム。1. Between an upper bag containing blood before leukocyte removal and a lower bag containing blood after leukocyte removal,
A leukocyte removal filter and a balloon are provided in parallel through a branch pipe, and these are connected to each other by a communication pipe in a closed system, between the upper branch pipe and the balloon, between the lower branch pipe and the lower bag, and between the lower branch pipe. A blood separation system having a clamp between balloons.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19080393A JP3451599B2 (en) | 1993-07-02 | 1993-07-02 | Blood separation system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19080393A JP3451599B2 (en) | 1993-07-02 | 1993-07-02 | Blood separation system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0717872A true JPH0717872A (en) | 1995-01-20 |
| JP3451599B2 JP3451599B2 (en) | 2003-09-29 |
Family
ID=16264008
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19080393A Expired - Lifetime JP3451599B2 (en) | 1993-07-02 | 1993-07-02 | Blood separation system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3451599B2 (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6012864A (en) * | 1996-02-19 | 2000-01-11 | The Pilot Ink Co., Ltd. | Ink follower composition for ballpoint pen and ballpoint pen using the same |
| US6099629A (en) * | 1996-03-27 | 2000-08-08 | Mitsubishi Pencil Kabushiki Kaisha | Water based ink and water based pigment ink having metallic lustrous color for ballpoint pen |
| US6120590A (en) * | 1996-12-12 | 2000-09-19 | Mitsubishi Pencil Kabushiki Kaisha | Water-base ink having metallic lustrous color for ballpoint pen |
| US6200053B1 (en) | 1998-12-11 | 2001-03-13 | The Pilot Ink Co., Ltd. | Ink follower composition for ballpoint pen and ballpoint pen using the same |
| JP2021107073A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-07-29 | ポール・コーポレーションＰａｌｌ Ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｉｏｎ | Method and system for recovering fluid |
| JP2021107072A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-07-29 | ポール・コーポレーションＰａｌｌ Ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｉｏｎ | Method and system for recovering fluid |
| JP2021112734A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-08-05 | ポール・コーポレーションPall Corporation | Method and system for recovering fluid |
-
1993
- 1993-07-02 JP JP19080393A patent/JP3451599B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6012864A (en) * | 1996-02-19 | 2000-01-11 | The Pilot Ink Co., Ltd. | Ink follower composition for ballpoint pen and ballpoint pen using the same |
| US6099629A (en) * | 1996-03-27 | 2000-08-08 | Mitsubishi Pencil Kabushiki Kaisha | Water based ink and water based pigment ink having metallic lustrous color for ballpoint pen |
| US6120590A (en) * | 1996-12-12 | 2000-09-19 | Mitsubishi Pencil Kabushiki Kaisha | Water-base ink having metallic lustrous color for ballpoint pen |
| US6200053B1 (en) | 1998-12-11 | 2001-03-13 | The Pilot Ink Co., Ltd. | Ink follower composition for ballpoint pen and ballpoint pen using the same |
| JP2021107073A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-07-29 | ポール・コーポレーションＰａｌｌ Ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｉｏｎ | Method and system for recovering fluid |
| JP2021107072A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-07-29 | ポール・コーポレーションＰａｌｌ Ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｉｏｎ | Method and system for recovering fluid |
| JP2021112734A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-08-05 | ポール・コーポレーションPall Corporation | Method and system for recovering fluid |
| US11498023B2 (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2022-11-15 | Pall Corporation | Method and system for recovering fluid |
| US11498024B2 (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2022-11-15 | Pall Corporation | Method and system for recovering fluid |
| US11660553B2 (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2023-05-30 | Cytiva Us Llc | Method and system for recovering fluid |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3451599B2 (en) | 2003-09-29 |
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