JPH0699688B2 - Continuous wood carbonizer using electric furnace - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a continuous wood carbonization apparatus using an electric furnace.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, a charcoal kiln has been used for carbonizing wood. That is, wood cut into an appropriate size is arranged in a carbonized kiln,
The kiln is closed by closing the entrance, a slight amount of air (oxygen) is kept incompletely incompletely burned for about a week, then the fire is turned off, and the kiln is cooled to some extent before coal is discharged.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

In the above-mentioned charcoal production by charcoal kiln, one work requires a long time of one week or more, and the quality of charcoal may be different depending on the arrangement position of wood, the air supply amount, and the heat control. Moreover, since the state of the kiln slightly changes each time due to cracks or the like generated during charcoal burning, the quality of charcoal may not be constant. Therefore, the conventional charcoal kiln has a drawback that it is difficult to obtain a stable quality charcoal unless an expert is familiar with the effects of the above-mentioned various factors.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and a continuous wood carbonization apparatus using an electric furnace that can continuously obtain stable quality charcoal in a short time even if it is not an expert. The purpose is to provide.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

To achieve the above object, in the present invention, an electric furnace provided with a pre-tropical zone and a cooling zone before and after the heating zone is provided with a door at the pre-tropical side inlet, and an exhaust port with a blower is provided at the pre-tropical zone, A roller conveyor is installed from the carry-in port to the cooling zone-side carry-out port in the electric hearth, and a plurality of box-shaped containers that move in sequence from the carry-in port to the carry-out port on the roller conveyor are provided. It is characterized by containing a filling material, a small intake port for intake of combustion gas and an exhaust port of heating product gas in the container, and having an atmosphere flow from the carry-out port to the exhaust port by the operation of the blower. .

[Action]

In the continuous wood carbonization apparatus using the electric furnace according to the present invention, the operation of the blower causes a flow of the atmosphere from the carry-out port that is always open to the pre-tropical discharge port through the cooling zone and the heating zone. The wood in the container is preheated and dried in the pre-tropical zone, heated and carbonized in the heating zone, and cooled in the cooling zone while the box-shaped container moves on the roller conveyor from the pre-tropical zone to the heating zone and the cooling zone. Then, each container is extruded from the carry-out port.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, a continuous wood carbonization apparatus using an electric furnace according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. The apparatus of the present invention is composed of an electric furnace F provided with a preheating zone 2 and a cooling zone 3 before and after the heating zone 1, and a plurality of box-shaped containers B that are sequentially moved in the electric furnace F.

In the electric furnace F, each zone 1, 2, 3 has the same length, a door 5 and a workbench 6 are provided at a carry-in entrance 4 in front of the pre-heat zone 2, and a workbench 8 is provided at a carry-out exit 7 behind the cooling zone 3. And electric furnace F inner floor and both work benches
A roller conveyor 9 for transferring the container B is laid over 6,8, and an exhaust port 11 with an exhaust blower 10 is provided on the upper part of the preheat zone 2. The resistance-generating zones 12 provided in the heating zone 1 are disposed on both side surfaces of the heating zone 1 to heat the container B from both side surfaces, and the reference numeral 13 in FIG. 3 indicates its electrode. or,
Reference numeral 21 indicates a base of the electric furnace F.

The container B is a box-shaped container body 14 covered with a lid 15.
A pair of cylinders 16 communicating with the inside of the container B are provided at the lower part of the tip side of 14, a small intake port 17 is bored in the cylinder 16 and a discharge port 18 is provided at the rear end side of the lid 15. The relationship between the size of the container B and the sizes of the zones 1, 2, and 3 of the electric furnace F is shown below.

0.6W ≤ Bw ≤ 0.8W 0.6H ≤ Bh ≤ 0.8H 0.6L ≤ Bl ≤ 0.8L where Bw, Bh, Bl are the outer width, outer height, outer length, W, H of the container (excluding the cylinder 16) , L is the inner width, inner height, and inner length of each band 1, 2, and 3.

The total length of the container B including the tubular body 16 is equal to the inner length of each of the zones 1, 2, and 3.

In the container B, the wood 19 and the powdery auxiliary combustion filler 20 are stored. As the filling material 20, dried sawdust or chaff and its burnt residue having a water content of about 10% are used, and the gap is filled so as to wrap the wood 19.

The apparatus of the present invention is constructed as described above, and first, the electric furnace F
Energize and operate the blower 10. Here, since the door 5 of the carry-in port 4 is normally closed, an atmosphere flows from the carry-out port 7 through the cooling zone 3, the heating zone 1, the pre-tropical zone 2 to the exhaust port 11, and the inside of the pre-tropical zone 2 is heated. Heated by hot air from the tropics 1.
Then, the container B containing the wood 19 and the filler 20 is placed on the roller conveyor 9 on the work table 6 on the carry-in port 4 side, the door 5 is opened every predetermined time, and the container B is opened with a pusher (not shown) or the like. One piece is pushed into the electric furnace F and the door 5 is closed. If this work is repeated, the container B moves from the preheat zone 2 to the heating zone 1 in the electric furnace F.
It moves from the heating zone 1 to the cooling zone 3 at regular intervals and is finally extruded onto the workbench 8 on the carry-out port 7 side.

In the preheat zone 2, the temperature inside the container B rises to about 100 ° C. by the hot air from the heating zone 1, and the wood 19 and the filler 20 are preheated and dried.

In the heating zone 1, when heated to about 400 ° C. by the resistance heating 12, the air (oxygen) that enters the container B through the intake port 17 causes a part of the filler 20 to oxidize heat, that is, burn, so that the temperature inside the container B Rises to around heating zone 1 temperature (about 400 ° C),
Carbonization due to thermal decomposition of wood 19 is promoted. This inlet 17
Is desirable to be small so that the wood 19 does not burn completely. Heat-produced gas such as carbon dioxide and tar generated by thermal decomposition is sucked and discharged from the discharge port 18 through the heating zone 1 and the preheat zone 2 and then by the blower 10 through the discharge port 11.

As a result of the experiment, the heating temperature and the heating time in the heating zone 1 were 400 ° C. and the optimum combination was about 1 hour.
In addition, it takes about 1 hour and 30 minutes at 380 to 400 ℃, and about 40 at 450 ℃.
It was a minute.

In the cooling zone 3, the sufficiently heated container B is extruded from the heating zone 1, but the blower 10 allows the air outside the furnace to flow in through the carry-out port 7 to cool the heated container B.

Container B extruded from the cooling zone 3 onto the workbench 8 on the outlet 7 side
The lid 15 is opened, and the charcoal-based material of the wood 19, that is, charcoal, is sorted by, for example, a sieve. Further, the unburned filler 20 and a part of the combustion products are mixed with a new filler 20 and reused.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the auxiliary combustion filler is stored together with the wood in the container, and the container is provided with the intake port for taking in a small amount of oxygen and the discharge port for blowing out the gas produced by heating, and the container has a predetermined size. Since the filler that surrounds the wood is heated to a temperature to oxidize and generate heat, the wood can be carbonized easily and efficiently in a short time.

Also, using an electric furnace equipped with a pre-heat zone and a cooling zone before and after the heating zone, a roller conveyor is laid on the floor of the electric furnace, and a plurality of containers containing wood and filler are sequentially fed to the electric furnace. The heating temperature and the heating time can be easily controlled because they are carried in and out, so that it is possible to continuously produce charcoal of stable quality by uniformly setting the carbonization conditions.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a continuous wood carbonization apparatus using an electric furnace according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a temperature distribution diagram of the present invention apparatus. FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the container, and FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the container. B: Box-shaped container, F: Electric furnace, 1 ... Heating zone, 2 ...
Pretropical zone, 3 ... Cooling zone, 4 ... Carry-in port, 5 ... Door, 7 ...
… Outgoing port, 9… Roller conveyor, 10… Blower, 11…
… Exhaust port, 17 …… Intake port, 18 …… Outlet port, 19 …… Wood,
20 …… Filling material

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An electric furnace (F) having a preheating zone (2) and a cooling zone (3) before and after the heating zone (1) is used, and a door 5 is attached to the preheating zone (2) side loading port 4. , Blower (10) in pre-tropics (2)
An exhaust port (11) is provided, and a roller conveyor (9) extending from the carry-in port (4) to the cooling zone (3) side carry-out port (7) is laid in the floor of the electric furnace (F). ) Is provided with a plurality of box-shaped containers (B) that are sequentially moved upwards, and the container (B) contains the wood (19) and the auxiliary combustion filler (20), and the combustion gas is stored in the container (B). Small air inlet (1
7) and an outlet (18) for heating generated gas are provided, and the blower (1
A continuous wood carbonization apparatus using an electric furnace having an atmosphere flow from the carry-out port (7) to the exhaust port (11) by the operation of (0).