JPH0665895B2 - Variable speed slipping clutch - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an improvement of a clutch plate of a variable speed slipping clutch composed of a wet multi-plate clutch.

This variable speed slip pig clutch has a prime mover, a pump,
It is installed drivingly between driven machines such as fans, compressors, and generators, and on its output side, a hydraulic output shaft rotation speed detector by a governor or an electric output shaft rotation speed detector by a pick-up, tachogenerator, etc. is installed. The signal is compared with the setting signal, and the clutch operating oil pressure is
The output rotation speed is controlled so as to be maintained at the set value.

(Prior Art) FIG. 1 shows an example of a variable speed slipping clutch. Reference numeral 1 denotes an input shaft which is connected to a prime mover, and a lining plate 3 is spline-fitted to a hub 2 which is integral with the input shaft so as to be slidable in an axial direction. The steel plate 6 is spline-fitted so as to be slidable in the axial direction. The plates 3 and 6 are arranged so as to be alternately in contact with each other, and are pressed and fitted between an annular piston 8 fitted and inserted in an annular cylinder 7 of the clutch drum 5 and a back plate 9.

The pressure oil for operating the piston 8 is adjusted in oil pressure from an oil sump 11 in a housing 10 of a variable speed slipping clutch by a hydraulic pump 12 via a pressure regulating valve 13 and a hydraulic control valve 14, and an oil passage 15 causes the piston 8 to operate. It is supplied to the chamber 16.

The hydraulic control valve 14 converts the rotation speed detection signal from the pickup 17 by the converter 18, then compares and calculates the setting signal 19 with the comparator 20, and the deviation signal is calculated by the PID controller 2
The current signal amplified by the amplifier 22 and then amplified by the amplifier 22 is applied to the relay 23 of the control valve 14 to control the clutch operating oil pressure so that the output rotation speed maintains the set value.

On the other hand, in order to remove the heat generated by the slip loss of the clutch plate, a large amount of cooling lubricating oil is applied to the clutch plate from the oil reservoir 11 by the hydraulic pump 24,
The chamber 27 in the hub 2 is cooled by the cooler 25 and passed through the oil passage 26.
Is supplied from the chamber 27 through the holes 28 and uniformly flows into the respective intervals of the clutch plates. The oil that has cooled the clutch plate flows out from the outer peripheral portion of the clutch drum, returns to the oil reservoir 11, and repeats the above circulation.

As the lining plate 3 of the variable speed slipping clutch, one having a fibrous lining material containing a resin adhered to both side surfaces of a steel disk has good friction characteristics and is generally used. An oil groove (FIG. 2) for cooling is provided on the lining surface.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) In the presence of an oil film, the friction coefficient of a clutch plate in a slip state shows a substantially constant value regardless of the slip speed (relative slip speed between clutch plates). Shows a specific change in a small range. Especially in the clutch plate used in continuous slip for a long time,
As shown in FIG. 8, when the sliding speed (horizontal axis) changes, the friction coefficient (dotted line a) is almost constant when the sliding speed is new, but the solid line b indicates that the friction coefficient decreases as the sliding speed increases. (The tendency showing this negative slope is called "negative characteristic", and the opposite is called "positive characteristic").

When slip control of the clutch is performed in the slip range showing this negative characteristic, for example, for the purpose of increasing the output rotation speed,
When the clutch operating oil pressure is increased in order to reduce the slip speed, the friction coefficient increases in the direction shown by the solid line b in FIG. 8, so the slip speed suddenly drops and the rotational speed exceeds the set value. Therefore, since the pressure returns to the set value, the hydraulic pressure is reduced. However, at this time, if it decreases too much,
The above fluctuations are repeated and are not stable. This is generally called a stick-slip phenomenon that occurs on the friction surface, and self-excited torsional vibration is generated in the shaft system, which causes damage to the power transmission device. Therefore, the actual situation is to avoid use in this area.

The present invention relates to an improvement of a clutch plate for solving such a fatal defect of a variable speed slipping clutch which is used by slipping a friction plate.

As the fibrous lining material of the lining plate, there are asbestos materials, non-asbestos materials, and the like, and both have a porous structure with a large porosity. Therefore, the permeability of the lubricating oil is good, but when it is used in continuous slip for a long time, the friction surface is clogged with fine particles of wear and oxides and loses its porosity. As a result, the friction coefficient has a negative characteristic as shown by the solid line b in FIG. 8 for the reason described later, and this is the cause of the self-excited vibration, as already mentioned.

(Means for Solving Problems) The present invention has been made to solve the problems described above, and even if the surface of the lining plate in the variable speed slipping clutch is clogged, its friction An object of the present invention is to provide a variable speed slipping clutch in which a coefficient always maintains a positive characteristic and self-excited vibration of a shaft in a drive system due to a stick-slip phenomenon does not occur.

Then, in order to achieve this object, the present invention is a variable speed slipping clutch in which a wet multi-plate clutch comprises a cooling oil grooved lining plate having a fibrous porous lining material and a steel plate, In the portion other than the cooling oil groove of the lining plate, a large number of holes having a diameter smaller than the width of the cooling oil groove and / or grooves having a width narrower than the width of the cooling oil groove are formed.

(Function) As described above, the friction surface of the lining plate having the fibrous porous lining material is clogged during use, the porosity is lost, the permeability of oil between the plate surfaces is deteriorated, and the oil film Are easily formed. Therefore, in the conventional lining plate having the fibrous porous running material, the thickness of the oil film accompanying the increase in the sliding speed tends to increase as the clutch hydraulic pressure decreases. In other words, the boundary lubrication shifts to the fluid lubrication as the slip velocity increases. As a result, the coefficient of friction exhibits a negative characteristic.

On the other hand, in the present invention, in the lining plate having the fibrous porous lining material, a hole having a diameter smaller than the width of the cooling oil groove and /
Alternatively, many grooves having a width narrower than the width of the cooling oil groove are formed and communicated with the porous portion under the friction surface, so that the pressure distribution in the oil film is equalized as compared with that of the conventional clutch plate (9th embodiment). As shown in FIGS. (A) and (B)), the peak hydraulic pressure is lowered and the oil film formation between the sliding surfaces is hindered. Therefore, the oil film between the friction surfaces becomes thin, and a state close to boundary lubrication can be realized over a wide range of sliding speeds, and a large friction coefficient can be maintained, and friction that has a positive slope with respect to sliding speeds can be maintained. The coefficient is obtained.

(Example) FIG. 2 shows a lining plate 31 having a conventional fibrous porous lining material provided with vertical and horizontal cooling oil grooves 30.
And has a spline 32 for meshing with the hub 2 which is integral with the input shaft 1 on the inner periphery thereof. With respect to such a lining plate 31, the configuration of the present invention is applied to the lining piece 3 of a quadrangle surrounded by the cooling oil groove 30.
3 will be described below.

First, FIG. 3 shows a state in which nine small-diameter holes 34 are formed in a restrictive arrangement in the square piece 33 as an example. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 3, in which a lining 36 made of a fibrous material, for example, asbestos material is provided on both sides of the plate 35, and the lining 36 has a vertical direction from the friction surface 37. An example in which a bottomed small-diameter hole 38 having a depth similar to that of the cooling oil groove 30 is bored, and FIG. 5 shows a plate having fibrous porous linings 39 on both sides similarly. 40 shows an example in which a small-diameter hole 41 is formed by penetrating the lining 39. An excellent effect was obtained in the experiment by providing the holes through the holes as in the latter example.

The arrangement of these small-diameter holes may be regulated at regular intervals or at random as described above. The diameter of this hole is 0.3
Mm to 0.8 mm, and the hole spacing is 2 mm to 5 mm
A range of millimeters is suitable.

Next, FIG. 6 shows a rectangular piece 33 surrounded by the cooling oil groove 30.
Shows an example in which a small width groove (slit) 42 is cut like a base eye, the width of the groove is about 0.5 mm to 1 mm, and the groove interval is 2 mm to A range of about 5 mm is suitable. FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 6, in which slits 42 are formed in the fibrous porous linings 44 on both side surfaces of the plate 43. In the case of such a slit, the oil between the plate surfaces is cooled by the cooling groove 30.
Since the action of directly flowing out in the lateral direction is also added, the inhibition of the formation of the oil film on the friction surface is effectively achieved.

In the above embodiment, the case where the holes having the diameter smaller than the width of the cooling oil groove and the groove narrower than the width of the cooling oil groove are separately formed in the portion other than the cooling oil groove of the lining plate have been described. It is also possible to form the hole and the groove in the same portion, and the same effect can be obtained.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, in a variable speed slipping clutch in which a wet multi-plate clutch includes a lining plate with a cooling oil groove having a fibrous porous lining material and a steel plate, Since many holes having a diameter smaller than the width of the cooling oil groove or grooves having a width narrower than the width of the cooling oil groove are formed in the portion other than the cooling oil groove,
As a result of the reduced thickness of the oil film on the friction surface between the two plates,
The variation of the friction coefficient with respect to the relative sliding velocity between both plates has a positive characteristic, and due to the negative characteristic,
That is, the effect of preventing self-excited vibration of the shaft with respect to the drive system due to the stick-slip phenomenon is obtained, and the life of the lining plate is significantly extended.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a variable speed slipping clutch, and FIG.
The figure shows the lining plate, FIG. 3 shows a state in which a small hole is formed in a rectangular piece of the lining material surrounded by the cooling oil groove of the lining plate, and FIGS. Fig. 6 shows a state in which a small groove is formed on a square piece of lining material, Fig. 7 shows a cross section taken along the line BB of Fig. 6, Fig. 8 shows the relationship between the sliding speed and the friction coefficient, and Fig. 9 shows the friction surface. The respective oil pressures in the oil film of FIG. 3, 31 ... Lining plate, 36, 39, 44 ... Lining material, 6, 45 ... Steel plate, 30 ... Cooling oil groove, 33 ... Square piece of lining material, 34, 38, 41, 48 ... small hole, 42 ... small groove

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Satoshi Ogawa 3 405, 1-chome, Yoshino-cho, Omiya-shi, Saitama Niigata Converter Co., Ltd. Omiya factory (56) References JP 47-1721 (JP, B1) JP 38-56 (JP, B1)

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A variable speed slipping clutch in which a wet multi-plate clutch comprises a lining plate with a cooling oil groove having a fibrous porous lining material and a steel plate, other than the cooling oil groove of the lining plate. The variable speed slipping clutch is characterized in that a large number of holes having a diameter smaller than the width of the cooling oil groove and / or a plurality of grooves having a width narrower than the width of the cooling oil groove are formed in the portion. 2. The variable speed according to claim 1, wherein the holes formed in the lining plate have a diameter of 0.3 to 0.8 mm and a mutual spacing of 2 to 5 mm. Slipping clutch. 3. The variable speed according to claim 1, wherein the grooves formed in the lining plate have a width of 0.5 to 1.0 mm and a mutual interval of 2 to 5 mm. Slipping clutch. 4. The variable speed slipping clutch according to claim 1, wherein the hole formed in the lining plate is formed so as to penetrate the lining plate.