JPH0650611A - Heat storage type hot water heater - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To improve the heat dissipation characteristics so that heat can be rapidly extracted from the heat storage material in a heat storage type hot water supply / room heater. [Configuration] A means for heating the heat storage material 2, a means for sprinkling water on the heat storage material 2, a container 1 for storing the heat storage material 2, and a heat exchanger 5 for hot water supply and heating, or for each of them, Are connected to each other by a pipe or the like. Then, during heat storage, the heat storage material 2 is heated by means for heating the heat storage material 2 to store heat. When heat is radiated from the heat storage material 2 due to a request for hot water supply or a heating load, the water is stored in the heat storage material 2 by a means for spraying water on the heat storage material 2.
Call. This water is converted into steam by the heat quantity of the heat storage material 2,
The steam is used as a heat transfer medium and also as a power for transferring the heat to the heat exchanger 5.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat storage type hot-water supply / heater using a heat storage material that mainly uses late-night power, and more particularly to a heat storage-type hot water supply / heating apparatus having improved heat dissipation characteristics so that heat can be rapidly extracted from the heat storage material. It is about machines.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a heat storage type hot water supply or a heating machine using a heat storage material has been disclosed in the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 57, No. 541 (1).
As shown in 991-9), the heat storage material is heated by the electric heater to store the heat, and the heat released from the heat storage material is taken out by the drive source such as a blower using air as a heat medium.
The method of providing hot water or heating was taken.

[0003]

However, in the conventional method, since air having a poor heat transfer rate is used as the heat medium, when a large amount of heat is instantaneously taken out from the heat storage material, it is necessary to flow a large amount of air. Therefore, the heat exchanger and the air passage are increased in size, and extremely large blower power is required. In addition, since it is necessary to transfer the heat of the air, which is the heat medium, to the water for hot water supply, the heat storage material temperature can be used only at about 200 ° C or higher. The heat storage efficiency of the heat storage material is expressed as Q2 / Q1 where Q2 is the amount of heat that can be effectively used and Q1 is the amount of heat required to heat the heat storage material from room temperature to the maximum temperature, and increasing Q2 / Q1 is small. As described above, the heat storage type hot water supply or the heater using air as a heat medium did not have sufficient heat storage efficiency.

The present invention solves the above drawbacks, and aims to reduce the size of a heat exchanger or a blower passage, which is large, and to reduce the power for conveying the heat medium, thereby improving the economical efficiency. I am trying. It is also intended to improve heat storage efficiency, reduce the amount of heat storage material, and reduce the size.

[0005]

The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and in order to downsize the heat exchanger and the heat medium passage, water is applied to the heat storage material to generate steam. Use steam as heat medium. Steam has a higher heat transfer coefficient than air. In order to reduce the heat transfer power of the heat medium, the heat storage material storage container and the heat exchanger are connected by a pipe or the like, and the pressure in the container rises due to the steam generated in the container, and the steam is transferred to the heat exchanger side. Flow into. The steam cooled by the heat exchanger is condensed, the pressure inside the heat exchanger becomes low, and the steam serving as the heat medium continuously flows into the heat exchanger. Also, in order to increase heat storage efficiency, steam is used as the heat medium, and if the steam pressure is within 1.5 kgf per square centimeter, the saturated steam temperature will be about 110 ° C, and even if the temperature of the heat storage material is about 120 ° C. Steam is generated. Further, when the inside of the vapor passage system is kept in vacuum, the vapor can be evaporated at a lower temperature. For example, the saturated steam temperature is about 75 ° C. when the inside of the container is 300 Torr (−46 cmHg). In order to rapidly extract heat from the heat storage material, the water applied to the heat storage material is atomized. In addition, the heat storage material is formed into an agglomerate shape so as to increase the contact area between the heat storage material and water. It is composed of a non-hygroscopic heat storage material in order to stop the steam generation with good response when the demand for hot water supply or heating is no longer required, that is, when hot water is stopped or heating is stopped.

[0006]

According to the heat storage type hot water supply / room heating apparatus according to the present invention,
By applying water to the heat storage material, the water is converted to steam,
The volume expands. Therefore, the pressure in the container rises, and steam automatically flows into the heat exchanger on the low pressure side. The steam that has flowed into the heat exchanger section exchanges heat with the water supply, is cooled, condenses, and falls downward. Heat-exchanged water is heated and becomes hot water (for hot water supply). Further, in the case of heating application, the steam flowing into the heating heat exchanger exchanges heat with air sent by a blower or the like, condenses and drops downward. The heat-exchanged air becomes warm air and is used for heating purposes. The water condensed in the heat exchanger becomes water to be applied to the heat storage material again by a pump or the like.
Therefore, the steam of the heat medium can be generated with a small amount of power, and the steam can be generated even at a low temperature of about 120 ° C. in the heat storage material. Further, by making the inside of the heat medium passage system vacuum, steam can be generated even at a lower temperature, and the heat storage efficiency can be further improved.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A heat storage type hot water supply / room heating device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat storage type hot water supply / room heating machine showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is a container having a required size for accommodating a heat storage material, and 2 is a granular lump-like shape filled in the container 1. It is a heat storage material and uses non-hygroscopic stones.
Reference numeral 3 is an electric heater inserted in the heat storage material 2. Four
Is a spray nozzle that is provided above the heat storage material 2 and sprays water onto the heat storage material 2. Reference numeral 5 denotes a hot water supply heat exchanger provided separately from the container 1, in which a hot water supply coil 6 is arranged, water is supplied from a water supply port 7 of the hot water supply coil 6, and when passing through the coil 6, it is overheated and discharged. The hot water is discharged from the sprue 8. 9 is container 1
Is a steam pipe that openly connects the inner surface of the top of the heat exchanger to the inner surface of the upper portion of the heat exchanger 5, and 10 is a water storage tank in which a fixed amount of water is put. The water storage tank 10 is open-connected to the heat exchanger 5 by a pipe 11. A pump 12 supplies water to the nozzle 4. The pump 12 and the nozzle 4 are connected by a pipe to supply water. Reference numeral 13 is a pipe for opening and connecting the container 1 and the water storage tank 10, and a solenoid valve 14 is arranged in the middle of the pipe 13.

In the above-described structure, at midnight when the electricity charge is low, the electric heater 3 is energized to heat the heat storage material 2 to about 700 ° C. to store heat, although the control unit is not shown in the drawing. On the other hand, when hot water supply is required during the day, although not shown in the drawing, when the tap provided at the tip of the tap 8 is opened to start tapping, the signal is detected by a flow sensor (not shown). The pump 12 is driven to spray water from the nozzle 4 onto the heat storage material 2. The sprayed water comes into contact with the high temperature heat storage material 2, becomes vapor and expands in volume, and the pressure in the container 1 rises. The high-pressure steam flows through the steam pipe 9 into the hot-water supply heat exchanger 5 having a low pressure. Then, the steam that has entered the hot water supply heat exchanger 5 exchanges heat with the water that enters from the water supply port 7 in the hot water supply coil 6, condenses and returns to the water storage tank 10 as water droplets. Since the steam is condensed in the heat exchanger 5, the pressure in the heat exchanger 5 is lower than the pressure in the container 1, so that the steam generated in the container 1 is continuously heated.
It can flow in and supply hot water.

When the faucet is closed and hot water is stopped, the flow sensor is activated, the operation of the pump 12 is stopped, the spray of water from the nozzle 4 is stopped, and the generation of steam is stopped.

Since the heat storage material 2 is in the form of agglomerates,
The contact area between the heat storage material 2 and water increases, and steam is rapidly generated. In addition, since a space is formed between the heat storage materials in the form of agglomerates, the steam generated in the lower heat storage material portion can easily escape to the upper steam pipe 9 and the pressure in the container 1 becomes abnormally high. Nothing.

Since a non-hygroscopic heat storage material is used, the rate of steam generation after the water supply is stopped is small. Although not shown, the amount of steam generated can be adjusted by detecting the pressure in the container 1 and controlling the discharge amount of the pump 12 to decrease as the pressure rises. It is easily understood that the temperature signal of the hot water outlet 8 may be obtained from the hot water outlet target temperature difference as the adjustment signal of the steam generation amount.

The entire temperature of the heat storage material 2 drops, and the nozzle 4
When the steamed water becomes more difficult to evaporate and a certain amount of water is accumulated in the lower part of the container 1, the electromagnetic valve 14 is opened to return the water into the water storage tank 10.

Prior to energizing the electric heater 3, the solenoid valve 14 is always opened to confirm that there is no water in the container 1 and the energization is controlled.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the heat storage hot water supply / room heating device in which the inside of the heat medium passage system is kept in vacuum. This embodiment has substantially the same structure as the embodiment of FIG.
The vacuum pump 15 and the solenoid valve 1 connected to this vacuum pump
6 is provided. In the configuration according to the second embodiment, the vacuum pump 15 keeps the internal pressure of the system at vacuum. Therefore, the water sprayed from the nozzle 4 is about 7 ° C below 100 ° C.
Since the pressure in the container 1 that boils at about 5 to 90 ° C. and generates steam becomes atmospheric pressure or less, the temperature of the heat storage material 2 is 100
Even near ℃, the sprayed water can be evaporated, the heat storage efficiency is improved, and the pressure in the heat medium passage system is below atmospheric pressure,
Even if an accident such as a hole occurs in a part of the system, steam will not leak to the outside and it is safe. It is obvious that the vacuum pump 15 may be open-connected to the container 1 via the electromagnetic valve 16.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment for heating, which is the same as the embodiment of FIG. 2 except that the part of the heat exchanger 5 is changed. The fin 19 is provided with a blower 20 and a warm air outlet 21. Reference numeral 9 is a steam pipe in which the heating heat exchanger 17 and the container 1 are open-connected, and 11 is the heating heat exchanger 1.
7 is a pipe in which the water storage tank is openly connected.

In this structure, the steam that enters the pipe 18 of the heat exchanger 17 through the steam pipe 9 exchanges heat with the air from the blower 20, and the air is heated to become hot air and blows out from the hot air outlet 21. To be done. On the other hand, the steam cooled by air condenses and returns to the water storage tank. Although not shown, it is apparent that two or more heat exchangers for hot water supply and heating can be provided to supply hot water and heat at the same time.

[0017]

According to the present invention, since steam is used as the heat medium, the heat transfer coefficient during evaporation / condensation is larger than that of air, and the temperature of the heat storage material is 200 ° C. or lower. Even so, since the water serving as the heat medium can be evaporated and the heat can be effectively used, the heat storage efficiency is improved and the device can be made compact and compact. In addition, the heat medium transfer power uses the pressure difference due to the pressure increase during evaporation and the pressure decrease during condensation, so the transfer capacity of the heat medium is only pump power, which is much less power than air transfer power. This has the effect of providing an economical heat storage type hot-water supply heater.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat storage type hot water supply / room heating device showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a heat storage type hot-water supply heater in which a heat medium passage system is evacuated in comparison with the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the heat storage type hot water supply / room heating device according to another embodiment of the present invention during heating.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Container 2 Heat Storage Body 3 Electric Heater 4 Nozzle 5 Hot Water Heat Exchanger 10 Water Storage Tank 12 Pump 15 Vacuum Pump 17 Heating Heat Exchanger

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A heat storage material heating means, means for sprinkling water on the heat storage material, a container for storing the heat storage material, a hot water supply and a heating heat exchanger, or a heat exchanger for each of them. In a heat storage type hot water supply / heater that is connected by a pipe or the like, the heat storage material is heated by means of heating the heat storage material during heat storage, and heat is stored, and when heat is radiated from the heat storage material due to the demand for hot water supply or heating load, the heat storage material is Water is applied to the heat storage material by a means for applying water, the water is converted into steam by the amount of heat of the heat storage material, the steam is used as a heat transfer medium, and the power is transferred to the heat exchanger. Heat storage type hot water heater. 2. The heat storage type hot water supply / room heating device according to claim 1, wherein the inside of the steam passage system is held in a vacuum. 3. The heat storage type hot water supply / room heating device according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage material is in the form of granules. 4. The heat storage type hot water supply / room heater according to claim 1, wherein water is atomized by a nozzle or the like and applied to the heat storage material. 5. The heat storage type hot water supply / room heating device according to claim 1, wherein a non-hygroscopic heat storage material is used.