JPH0649639Y2 - Tilt structure of construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[Industrial applications]

The present invention relates to a tilting structure of a construction machine capable of individually tilting the left and right crawler belts when tilting a lower traveling body that supports an upper swing body.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, in a construction machine having an upper revolving structure such as a hydraulic excavator, the upper revolving structure is integrally connected to a lower traveling structure including a pair of left and right track frames. It has a structure that tilts in conjunction with the frame. Therefore, when the upper swing body supported by the lower traveling body is tilted in conjunction with each other, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), as shown in FIG. 6 (b), compared with the dump height H1 at the time of excavation on a sloping ground. The dumping height H2 for loading on a dump truck on a horizontal ground becomes high, and it is necessary to repeatedly adjust the dumping height H1 → H2 → H1 during loading work, the cycle time becomes longer and the operator tilts. Fatigue increases as you drive in this posture. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6 (c), the following various configurations have been proposed as a tilting device for horizontally holding the upper revolving structure without being affected by the inclination of the lower traveling structure. (1). A frame structure supported on wheels or tracks by a self-propelled machine such as a Japanese Patent Publication No. 41-1968, a drilling machine, a trench machine, a crane, a load transfer vehicle, or a similar machine.
It consists of a flat base mounted on top of this and a fluid cylinder that tiltably connects the two, and the flat base is mounted on a horizontal axis that extends at right angles to the axis of the wheel or endless track drive sprocket. It is mounted so that the flatbed part maintains its constant adjusted state regardless of the inclination of the wheels or tracks on the horizontal plane, or conversely, the flatbed part is adjusted to the predetermined inclined position relative to the horizontal. , A structure provided with an actuating device adapted to drive the flat base part with respect to the horizontal axis. (2). In the hydraulic circuit for tilting the revolving structure of the revolving work vehicle of JP-A-60-253630, a tilting plate is tilted around the horizontal axis on the frame of the traveling structure as a hydraulic excavator that can excavate vertical grooves on inclined surfaces and uneven terrain. It is freely pivoted, has a swivel base and a front mechanism on the tilt plate, and has two tilt cylinders between the frame and the tilt plate. Since the tilt cylinder communicates with the pressure oil of the hydraulic pump via a tilt control valve and a counterbalance valve, and one bottom chamber and the other rod chamber of both cylinders communicate with each other, the tilt cylinder is downsized. In order to prevent the tilt control valve from chattering and the revolving structure to prevent runaway, a structure is disclosed. (3). In the tilting control device for a rolling shovel disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-191729, the tilting plate below the revolving structure and the lower frame of the traveling structure are connected by a tilting hydraulic cylinder, and the target tilting angle and the actual tilting angle are controlled by the CPU. There is disclosed a structure in which the tilting hydraulic cylinder is automatically expanded and contracted based on the result of comparison calculation by the above-mentioned method to automatically perform the tilting motion of the revolving structure. (4). Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-49004 discloses a hydraulic circuit for a construction machine in which a plurality of actuators are provided between a vehicle body frame and a traveling body frame, and the operation of the actuators controls tilting of the vehicle body frame. Has been done. (5). In the structure of the undercarriage for crawler type construction machinery of Japanese Utility Model No. 62-94151, the hydraulic cylinders are tilted considerably by providing the brackets for mounting the lower ends of the short links and the long links respectively on the upper surface of the lower frame of the undercarriage. Since it is mounted in the state, the structure in which the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder can also be mounted on the bracket on the upper surface of the lower frame of the lower traveling body is disclosed. (6). The upper revolving structure tilting mechanism of the track type construction machine of No. 62-94152 has a short link, a long link and a hydraulic cylinder between the base frame under the upper revolving structure and the upper surface of the revolving wheel of the lower traveling structure. There is disclosed a structure in which an upper swing body can be tilted by expanding and contracting a hydraulic cylinder.

[Problems to be solved by the device]

However, in all conventional hydraulic excavators equipped with a tilt control mechanism, the lower traveling body tilts to the left and right integrally as the hydraulic cylinder for tilting expands and contracts, so the grounding surfaces of the left and right tracks are always on the same plane. To make the inclination angles the same,
There is a drawback that the ground contact surface of the crawler track cannot be effectively tracked on the ground with severe irregularities. Furthermore, to the impact at the time of traveling on a bad road or colliding with an obstacle,
There is a problem that it is difficult to absorb this, operator fatigue is increased, and it causes damage to the inside of the machine body, engine, hydraulic equipment, and the like. In addition, in the construction machine of Japanese Utility Model No. 63-39092, the lower traveling body is pivotally attached to the lower support body individually via the frame so that the upper traveling body can be held horizontally. Since the frame of the traveling body is formed integrally with the traveling body, there is a drawback that the impact is directly transmitted to the upper swing body. This invention was created in view of the above circumstances,
The main problem is to provide a tilting structure for a construction machine capable of buffering a shock from below in addition to tilting control.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides (a). In a tilting structure of a construction machine, which tilts an upper swing body in accordance with the tilt of a crawler type undercarriage and holds it horizontally, (b). The lower traveling body is separated into a pair of left and right traveling devices, and (c). Tilt frames are pivotally attached to the left and right sides of the vehicle body frame supporting the upper swing body, respectively (d). Each tilting frame is pivotally attached to the track frame of the separated traveling device via a shock absorber, and (e). A technical means is provided to connect the vehicle body frame and the tilting frame to each other by tilting the tilting cylinder so as to be tiltable to the left and right so that the left and right traveling devices can be tilted separately.

[Action]

The left and right traveling devices are pivotally attached to the vehicle body frame via the tilting frame, and can be tilted separately by a tilting cylinder. Therefore, by expanding and contracting the left and right tilting cylinders respectively, the tilting frames are individually rotated in the up and down direction, whereby tilting control can be performed in order to keep the body frame horizontal while the crawler belts follow the ground. Further, since the shock absorber is provided between the tilting frame and the track frame of the traveling device, the impact on a bad road or the like is absorbed thereby.

【Example】

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments in which the tilting structure for a construction machine according to the present invention is used in a hydraulic excavator will be described with reference to the drawings. The hydraulic excavator 1 has an upper revolving structure 1A having a work attachment (not shown) and a lower traveling structure composed of a crawler type underbody device. The lower traveling structure is separated into a pair of left and right traveling devices 1B, 1B. And is tiltably connected to both sides of a body frame 2 that supports the upper swing body 1A. That is, the body frame 2 pivotally mounts the tilting frames 6 on both left and right sides thereof, and is pivotally mounted to the track frame 3 including the traveling motor 4, the crawler 5 and the like, which serve as the traveling device 1B, via the tilting frames 6. There is. The tilting frame 6 has a substantially plate-like shape and has an outer upper surface portion.
The vehicle body frame 6a is positioned horizontally above the track frame 3, an inclined surface portion 6b is formed in the middle portion, and a lower step surface portion 6c extending inwardly lower than the inclined surface portion 6b extends below the vehicle body frame 2. 2 and the track frame 3 are arranged substantially horizontally. In this embodiment, the tilting frame 6 is the track frame 3
A cushion cylinder 7 which is an example of a shock absorber is connected to the pivot structure. That is, the tilting frame 6 includes two pairs of cushion cylinders 7 whose upper step portions 6a are projectingly provided on the upper surface of the track frame 3.
Is supported by the track frame 3 and the inclined surface portion 6b is also supported by
It is supported by two pairs of cushion cylinders 7 similar to the above, which are provided so as to project on the inner oblique side surfaces of A pair of supporting pieces 8 are provided on the upper surface of the lower step surface portion 6c of the tilting frame 6 so as to correspond to the position of the cushion cylinder 7, and a pin 9 is inserted into the supporting piece 8 as shown in FIG.
The bottom of the side edge of the vehicle body frame 2 is tiltably supported with the pivot point as the pivot point. A tilting cylinder 10 is provided on an upper surface of an intermediate portion of the tilting frame 6 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the tilting surface portion 6b so as to project obliquely inward, and a tip of the tilting cylinder 10 is rotatably attached to an upper portion of a side surface of the vehicle body frame 2. It is worn. In the traveling device on the opposite side, not shown in FIG. 1, similarly to the above, the vehicle body frame 2, the tilting frame 6 and the track frame 3 are connected via the cushion cylinder 7, the pin 9, the tilting cylinder 10 and the like. . The cushion cylinder 7 may be any one as long as it cushions the impact force from the ground, but in the present embodiment, it has a structure in which the cushioning force has two stages as shown in FIG. That is, the cushion cylinder 7 is provided with a first cushioning portion composed of a spring mechanism below and a second cushioning portion using a cylinder having an upper end of the first cushioning portion as a rod above. The first cushioning portion includes a cylindrical guide 7a, a rod 7b inserted into the cylindrical guide 7a with the upper portion left, a fitted spring 7c surrounding the outer periphery of the cylindrical guide 7a, and an upper portion of the rod 7b. The piston 7e has a hollow portion 7d slidably fitted and has a lower portion having an enlarged cylindrical shape, and is fitted with the spring 7c and also acts as a stopper for the spring 7c. The second buffer portion is composed of the piston 7e and a cylinder 7g having a cushion chamber 7f into which the upper portion of the piston 7e is fitted and which can move in and out vertically. In the cushion chamber 7f, a well-known cushioning material 7f 'is appropriately used.
Is filled. As the cushioning material 7f ', for example, the cushion chamber 7f is filled with silicon rubber or urethane material, or the cushion chamber 7f
The material may be repulsively compressed using elasticity such as sealing and filling with gas such as gas. The upper and lower ends of the cushion cylinder 7 have pins 7h, respectively.
It is pivotally attached to the vehicle body frame 2 and the track frame 3 via. As the tilting cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder that is connected to the hydraulic system on the vehicle side and can be operated in the cab is used. Next, the operation of the tilting structure of the construction machine according to the above embodiment will be described. First, on a level ground, as shown in FIG. 4, the cushion cylinder 7 and the tilting cylinder 10 are maintained at the same length on the left and right sides of the vehicle, so that the upper revolving structure 1 is kept horizontal. However, on the sloping ground, as shown in FIG. 5, the tilting cylinder 7 on the lower side in the tilting direction extends, and the tilting cylinder 7 on the upper side also contracts, and at the same time, the body frame 2 rotates about the pin 9 and the body frame 1 Can be operated so that it is horizontal. If the slope of the sloping ground is considerably large, the expansion / contraction stroke of the tilting cylinder 7 may not allow the body frame 2 to tilt horizontally.
Is provided, the tilting frame 6 is bent relative to the track frame 3 by the expansion and contraction of the cushion cylinder 7 due to an eccentric load due to the inclination of the upper swing body, and the body frame can be operated so as to be horizontal. it can. Next, the shock absorbing action of the cushion cylinder 7 during traveling on a rough road will be described. The impact due to the unevenness of the road surface during traveling on a rough road is first transmitted from the crawler 5 through the track frame 3 to the lower pin 7h and rod 7b. It In this case, when the shock is small, it is sufficiently absorbed by the spring 7c, but when the shock is large, the shock is further transmitted to the piston 7e and absorbed by compressing the cushioning material 7f 'in the cushion chamber 7f. . Further, these impacts can be absorbed by the rotation of the tilting frame 6. In this embodiment, a cushion cylinder that cushions in two stages is used as the cushioning device, but in the present invention, any configuration may be used as long as it is a position that cushions the vertical shock. Further, the tilting frame may be any member that is interposed between the body frame and the track frame, and the shape thereof is not limited to the embodiment, as a matter of course.

[Effect of device]

According to the tilting structure of the construction machine of the present invention, since the left and right traveling devices are pivotally attached to the body frame and the tilting cylinders can be tilted particularly, the left and right traveling devices are respectively tilted, and the upper turning is performed. The body can be held horizontal or controlled in any posture. Further, since the ground contact surfaces of the left and right traveling devices do not always need to be interlocked with each other on the same surface, it is possible to adjust and tilt according to the ground contact state. Further, since the shock absorber is provided in the pivotal structure of the tilting frame and the track frame, it is possible to absorb the shock from below, and of course, even if the tilting cylinder is used, even if the tilting gradient is used. The upper revolving structure can be held horizontally by the vertical displacement. Therefore, the horizontal maintaining operation of the vehicle body frame can be smoothly performed, and the impact caused by traveling on a bad road or a collision with an obstacle can be sufficiently absorbed, thereby improving the work efficiency on a sloping ground. It is possible to reduce the fatigue of the operator and prevent damage to the mounted equipment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 (a) is a partially cutaway perspective view of a main part of a tilting structure for a construction machine according to an embodiment of the invention, FIG. 1 (b) is a plan view showing the main part, and FIG. 2 is FIG. Sectional view taken along line II-II in (a), FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 1 (a), and FIG. 4 is a construction machine of the present invention showing a state on a horizontal ground. Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the tilting structure of the construction machine seen from the rear, Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the tilting structure of the construction machine of the present invention seen from the rear, and Fig. 6 (a) is a dump at the time of excavation on the slope ground. The figure explaining height, the figure (b) is a figure explaining the dump height at the time of loading in a dump truck on a horizontal ground, and the same figure (c) shows the case where an upper revolving structure is held horizontally and is loaded. It is a figure which shows dump height. 1A …… Upper revolving structure 1B …… Traveling device 2 …… Vehicle frame 3 …… Track frame 6 …… Tilt frame 6a …… Upper surface 6c …… Lower surface 7 …… Cushion cylinder 9 …… Pin 10 …… Tilt cylinder

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References Microfilm (JP, U), which is a photograph of the contents of the specifications and drawings attached to the application for Japanese Patent Application No. Sho 61-134053 (No. Sho 63-39092).

Claims (3)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. In a tilting structure of a construction machine in which an upper revolving structure is tilted and held horizontally according to the inclination of a crawler type lower traveling structure, the lower traveling structure is separated into a pair of left and right traveling devices, Tilt frames are pivotally attached to the left and right sides of the body frame that supports the upper swing body, and the tilt frames are pivotally attached to the track frames of the separated traveling device through cushioning devices, respectively. A tilting structure for a construction machine, characterized in that the frame and the tilting cylinder are connected to each other so as to be tiltable in the left-right direction so that the left and right traveling devices can be tilted separately. 2. A tilting frame includes a lower step portion that is parallel to the lower side of the vehicle body frame and is pivotally mounted to the vehicle body frame, and a lower step portion that is parallel to the upper side of the truck frame above the truck frame and the first shock absorber. An upper surface portion pivotally attached to the lower surface portion and an inclined surface portion connecting the lower surface portion and the upper surface portion, the tip of the tilting cylinder is pivotally attached to the front surface side of the inclined surface portion, and the base end is on the rear surface side of the inclined surface portion. The tilting structure for a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein a tip of a second shock absorber pivotally attached to the truck frame is pivotally attached. 3. A first shock-absorbing portion having a shock-absorbing device, the tip of which is pivotally attached to a traveling device, and a rod capable of moving up and down so as to be repulsively compressed when rising by an elastic shock-absorbing member, and an upper end of the shock-absorbing device. 2. A second shock-absorbing portion pivotally mounted on the tilting frame and having a built-in upper end of the first cylinder that is compressed by an elastic shock-absorbing material so as to be able to repel when rising. Tilting structure of construction machinery.