JPH06346663A - Opening and closing device for sliding door - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform smooth opening and closing of a sliding door even when mounting is effected such that the axis of a guide rail and the moving locus of a moving member are in a non-parallel state, in a device having a guide rail for a sliding door and a moving member to open and close the sliding door. CONSTITUTION:A moving member 33 is mounted in a screwed-in state on a screw shaft 28 and an engaging hole 37 is formed in the under surface of the moving member 33. A pin 21 engaged with the engaging hole 37 is protruded from the upper part of the sliding door 10. The pin 21 is oscillated in a direction crossing the movement direction of the moving member 33 at right angles.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an opening / closing device for a sliding door installed at an entrance / exit of a vehicle, a building or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an opening / closing device for a sliding type sliding door, as shown in FIG.
The door axle 2a is fixedly provided without changing with respect to the sliding door, and is mounted on the guide rail 3 which is horizontally mounted on the upper part of the doorway frame so that the sliding door 1 can be opened and closed along the guide rail 3. Suspend and hold the female screw body 4 on the upper end of the sliding door 1,
The sliding door 1 is fixedly installed to the sliding door without being changed, and the sliding shaft 1 is screwed into the screw shaft 5 horizontally mounted on the upper part of the doorway frame, and the sliding shaft 1 is opened and closed by rotating the screw shaft 5 forward and backward by the drive motor 6. There are some (for example, actual Kaihei 2-534
No. 78).

[0003]

As in the conventional structure described above, in which the sliding door 1 is guided and moved by the guide rail 3 and the screw shaft 5, the sliding door shaft 2a and the female screw body 4 are fixedly provided on the sliding door 1. If the guide rail 3 and the axis of the screw shaft 5 are not parallel to each other when viewed from the plane or the front, that is, if the locus of movement of the door roller and the locus of movement of the female screw body are in a non-parallel state, the sliding door. When the door 1 is opened and closed, the door roller 2 or the female screw body 4 may be twisted and the sliding door 1 may not be opened and closed smoothly, or excessive force may be applied to the parts to cause damage.

In order to prevent this problem from occurring, it is difficult to install the guide rail 3 and the screw shaft so that they are parallel to each other both in plan and in front.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above problems by allowing the sliding door to open and close smoothly even if the guide rail and the screw shaft are installed in a non-parallel state as described above. Is.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems. A first aspect of the present invention is a guide rail along the opening / closing direction of a sliding door and a moving member that moves in the opening / closing direction of the sliding door. And place the sliding door roller on the guide rail,
In a case of driving a sliding door to open and close by a moving member, a pin is provided on the upper part of the sliding door, an engaging hole is formed in the moving member, and the base of the pin is formed in a moving direction of the moving member. It is characterized in that it is swingable in a direction orthogonal to.

A second aspect of the invention is to provide a guide rail along the opening / closing direction of the sliding door and a moving member for moving in the opening / closing direction of the sliding door, place a door roller of the sliding door on the guide rail, and open / close the sliding door by the moving member. In the above, a pin is provided on the upper part of the sliding door, an engaging hole with which the pin is engaged is formed in the moving member, and the hole diameter of the engaging hole is the pin in the moving direction of the moving member. The outer diameter of the pin is smaller than the outer diameter of the pin, and the diameter perpendicular to the moving direction of the moving member is larger than the outer diameter of the pin.

According to a third aspect of the invention, the pin and the engaging hole are formed so as to be capable of relative vertical movement.

[0008]

In the first aspect of the present invention, when the guide rail (17) and the screw shaft (28) are installed in a non-parallel state in a plane, when the sliding door (10) is opened and closed, the pin (21) is released. It is pushed in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the moving member (33). At this time, the pin (21) moves in the direction orthogonal to the base of the pin (21), the pushing force is not absorbed, and the door roller and the sliding door are not twisted, and the sliding door can be opened and closed smoothly.

In the second invention, the guide rail (1
When the sliding door (10) is opened and closed when the screw shaft (28) and the screw shaft (28) are installed in a plane non-parallel state, the pin (3
9) is pushed in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the moving member (33). At this time, since the hole diameter of the engaging hole (40) in the direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the moving member (33) is formed larger than the outer diameter of the pin (39), the pin (39) moves in that direction. However, the sliding door can be opened and closed smoothly without the pushing force being absorbed and the door roller and the sliding door being twisted.

In the third invention, the guide rail (1
When the sliding door (10) is opened and closed when 7) and the screw shaft (28) are installed in a non-parallel state when viewed from the front, the pins (21), (39) or the moving member (33) move up and down. , The pins (21) and (39) and the engagement holes (37),
Since (40) can be moved up and down relatively, the sliding door can be smoothly opened and closed without being twisted.

[0011]

EXAMPLE A first example of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 will be described below. Reference numerals 10 and 10a denote a pair of sliding doors, which are opened and closed left and right so that the front end surfaces of the doors abut each other at the center of the doorway.

Since both the sliding doors 10 and 10a have the same hanging means and opening / closing driving means, only one sliding door 10 will be described. Reference numerals 11 and 12 denote brackets fixed to the upper end of the sliding door 10, and door wheels 15 and 16 are rotatably provided on their upper portions by door wheel shafts 13 and 14, respectively.

Reference numeral 17 denotes a guide rail horizontally provided in the top bag provided on the top of the doorway frame so that the door rollers 15 and 16 provided on the sliding doors 10 and 10a can be rolled. It has been placed.

As shown in FIG. 3, the guide rail 17 has a hook-like vertical cross section, and its base plate side is extended upward to form a mounting plate 18. Reference numeral 19 denotes an arm plate fixed to the front surface of the one bracket 11 with a screw 20, and a pin 21 is connected to the upper portion of the arm plate by a hinge pin 22. The pin 21 uses the hinge pin 22 as a joint in the front-back direction (left and right in FIG. 3). It is equipped so that it can be swung in the direction).

Reference numeral 23 denotes a cylinder which is horizontally installed in the top bag and is fixed to the mounting plate 18 in parallel with the guide rail 17 via a bracket 24. The cylinder 23
A long window 25 is formed at the lower end of the cylinder 23 along the axial direction of the cylinder 23.

Numerals 26 and 26 are a pair of rails which are located on the inner surfaces on both sides in the side cross section (cross section in FIG. 3) of the cylinder 23 and are fixedly installed over substantially the entire length of the cylinder 23. Rail grooves 27 are formed on the inner surfaces of the rails. Are formed over the entire length.

28 is a screw shaft provided along the axis of the cylinder 23, and both ends thereof are rotatably supported by end covers 29, 29 of the cylinder 23. A drive motor 30 is connected and installed at the end of the drive side thereof, and the screw shaft 28 is normally and reversely rotated by the drive motor 30.

The driven side end of the screw shaft 28 has a coupling 3
A screw shaft 28a, which is similar to the screw shaft 28 for driving the other sliding door 10a, is rotatably connected via 1, the reverse rotation gear portion 32, and the other coupling 31a.

Reference numeral 33 denotes a moving member provided in the cylinder 23. An internal thread member 34 having a ball is fixed to one end of the moving member. The internal thread member 34 is screwed to the screw shaft 28 to make the screw shaft 28 positive. The reverse rotation causes the moving member 33 to move in the left-right direction.

Further, the moving member 33 has a substantially oval cross-section viewed from the fore edge side, and its both vertical side surfaces 35, 35 are close to the vertical inner surfaces of the rails 26, 26. When the screw shaft 28 rotates, the moving member 33 does not follow the rotation.

Reference numerals 36, 36 denote both side surfaces 3 of the moving member 33.
Rollers fitted to the rails 26 and 26 are rotatably fitted on the rails 5 and 35 so that the moving member 33 can smoothly move in the axial direction of the cylinder 23.

Reference numeral 37 denotes an engaging hole formed vertically from the lower surface of the moving member 33, and the upper portion of the pin 21 is fitted in the engaging hole 37. Further, the engagement hole 37 is formed so that the pin 21 can be slightly inclined in the engagement hole 37 in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction which is the moving direction of the moving member 33.

Further, the moving member 33 is formed in a hollow shape, the upper end of the engaging hole 37 is opened to the hollow portion, and a gap is provided above the pin 21 fitted in the engaging hole 37. The pin 21 can be moved up and down.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described. When the motor 30 is rotationally driven in one direction (opening direction) in the closed state of the sliding doors 10 and 10a as shown in FIG. 1, the screw shaft 28 also rotates in the same direction.

By this rotation, the one moving member 33 moves to the right in FIG. Further, the other screw shaft 28a connected via the reverse rotation gear portion 32 rotates in the opposite direction to the one screw shaft 28, and the other moving member 33a.
Moves to the left in FIG.

As a result, the pins 21 and 21a respectively engaged with the moving members 33 and 33a follow each other, and the one sliding door 10 is pulled to the right and the other sliding door 10a is pulled to the left.

Therefore, the double sliding doors 10 and 10a are the door rollers 1.
5, 16, 15a and 16a roll on the guide rail 17 and are smoothly opened. When the sliding doors 10 and 10a are closed from the open state, they can be closed by rotationally driving the motor 30 in the other direction (closing direction).

In the opening / closing operation as described above, the screw shaft 2
The axis of 8, 28a and the axis of the guide rail 17, that is,
When the movement locus of the moving member 33 and the movement locus of the door roller 15 are not parallel to each other when seen from a plane, the bracket 19 and the pin 21 relatively rotate about the hinge pin 22 as they are deviated, and are not parallel to each other. The force acting by is absorbed,
The door rollers 15, 16, 15a, 16a are prevented from being twisted or bitten by the guide rail 17 in the front-rear direction, and the sliding door is smoothly opened and closed.

When the axis of the screw shafts 28, 28a and the axis of the guide rail 17 are not parallel when viewed from the front, the pin 21 and the moving member 33 move up and down relatively, and The force acting by the non-parallel is absorbed, and the door roller is prevented from being pressed against the guide rail or coming off.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 will be described. In this embodiment, the shape of the pin 21 and the engaging hole 37 is changed in place of the swinging joint in the above embodiment so that the guide rail 17 and the screw shaft 28 can be dealt with in a non-parallel manner. .

4 to 6, 10 is a sliding door and 11 is a sliding door.
Is a bracket, 15 is a door roller, 17 is a guide rail, 18 is a mounting plate, 23 is a cylinder, 26 is a rail, 28 is a screw shaft, 33 is a moving member, and 36 is a roller. These are the same as those in the first embodiment. is there.

Reference numeral 38 denotes an arm plate fixed to the bracket 11 with screws 20, and a pin 39 is erected on the upper end of the arm plate. The pin 39 is formed of a hemispherical head portion 39a and a neck portion 39b which is slightly constricted.

An engaging hole 40 is formed in the center of the lower surface of the moving member 33 with the lower surface opened. The engagement hole 40
6, the hole diameter d in the axial direction (XX direction), which is the moving direction of the moving member 33, is such that the inner diameter surface and the outer surface of the head 39a of the pin 39 are loose. The diameter is set such that the head portion 39a fits without sticking, and the hole diameter D in the direction (Y-Y direction) orthogonal to the axial direction that is the moving direction of the moving member 33 is the diameter of the head portion 39a. The width is set to be considerably larger, and it has a long hole shape as a whole.

Further, the upper end of the engaging hole 40 is formed higher than the upper surface of the head 39a of the pin 39, and a gap 41 is provided in the upper part of the head 39a. The rotation mechanism of the screw shaft 28 by the motor 30 and the rotation mechanism of the other screw shaft 28a by the reverse rotation gear 32 are the same as those in the first embodiment.

The operation of the second embodiment will be described. When the screw shafts 28 and 28a are normally and reversely rotated by the normal and reverse rotation of the motor 30, the moving members 33 and 33a are moved in the opening direction and the closing direction as in the above embodiment.

When the moving members 33, 33a are moved in the axial direction, since the pin 39 and the engaging hole 40 for this direction are fitted without rattling, both sliding doors 10, 10a are pulled without rattling. Be opened and closed.

In the opening / closing operation as described above, the screw shaft 2
When the axis of 8, 28a and the axis of the guide rail 17 are not parallel to each other when seen from a plane, the moving member 33 and the pin 39 are relatively moved in the Y-Y direction which is the longitudinal direction of the engaging hole 40. It moves and absorbs the force acting non-parallelly, prevents twisting and biting of the door roller, and allows smooth opening and closing of the sliding door.

When the axis of the screw shafts 28, 28a and the axis of the guide rail 17 are not parallel when viewed from the front, the pin 39 and the moving member 33 move up and down relatively, and this non-parallel The force acting by is absorbed, and the sliding door is opened and closed smoothly.

As shown in the first embodiment, the pin 39 of the second embodiment is provided so that its base is swingable in the direction (Y-Y direction) orthogonal to the moving direction of the moving member 33. The invention of the first embodiment and the invention of the second embodiment may be combined. Such a merged state is shown in the structure shown in the third embodiment below.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 will be described. 10 is a sliding door, 11 is a bracket,
Reference numeral 15 is a door roller, 17 is a guide rail, and 18 is a mounting plate, which have the same structure as in the above-described embodiment.

Reference numeral 23 is a cylinder, 26 is a rail, 28 is a screw shaft, 33 is a moving member, and 36 is a roller. As in the above-described embodiment, the moving member 33 is moved through these mechanisms by the rotational driving of the motor 30. It is designed to move in the left-right direction (opening and closing direction).

A mounting plate 42 is fixed to the front surface of the bracket 11 with screws 43. An upper holder 44 and a lower holder 45 are fixed to the upper and lower parts of the mounting plate 42.

Reference numeral 46 designates an operating rod, which is the holder 44, 4
5 is provided in a vertical state and can be moved up and down, and a stopper 47 is fixedly installed, and a coil spring 48 is compressed between the stopper 47 and the lower holder 45, and the operating rod 46
Is always urged upward.

Reference numeral 49 denotes a handshake fixed to the lower end of the operating rod 46 protruding from the lower surface of the lower holder 45, and the operating rod 46 is lowered by pulling the handshake 49 downward against the spring force of the coil spring 48. Is able to.

Reference numeral 50 denotes a pin, the lower end of which is connected to the upper portion 46a of the operating rod 46 by a hinge pin 51 in the upper holder 44. The axis of the hinge pin 51 is provided in parallel with the axial direction (X-X direction) of the moving member 33, and the pin 50 has the hinge pin 51 as a joint, and the pin 50 is orthogonal to the axial direction of the moving member 33. Direction (Y
It can be swung in the (-Y direction).

Reference numeral 52 denotes a cylindrical upper portion 46 of the operating rod 46.
a and a columnar lower portion 50a of the pin 50, the lower half portion is formed into a circular hole, and the upper half portion is in the above-described state in the normal state of FIG. 8 in which the operating rod 46 is raised. Pin 5
0 can be tilted at a predetermined angle about the hinge pin 51 so that both inner surfaces in the direction orthogonal to the axis of the moving member 33 are tilted at a predetermined angle, and the upper open sloped surfaces 52a, 52a.
Is formed in.

As shown in FIG. 7, the inner diameter of the insertion hole 52 in the same direction as the axial direction of the moving member 33 is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the upper portion 46a of the operating rod 46 and the lower portion 50a of the pin 50. Has been formed.

The upper portion of the pin 50 is formed with a hemispherical head portion 50b and a neck portion 50c. The moving member 3
An engaging hole 53 into which the head portion 50b of the pin 50 is fitted is formed in the central portion of the lower surface of 3 by opening the lower surface.

As shown in FIG. 9, the shape of the hole in the engaging hole 53 is such that the hole diameter in the axial direction (XX direction) of the moving member 33 is the inner diameter surface and the outer surface of the head 50b of the pin 50. The diameter is set so that the head portion 50b fits without rattling, and the hole diameter in the direction (Y-Y direction) orthogonal to the axial direction of the moving member 33 is considerably larger than the diameter of the head portion 50b. The diameter is set and the whole is formed in a long hole shape as shown in FIG.

Further, the upper end of the engaging hole 53 is formed higher than the upper surface of the head of the pin 50, and a gap 54 is formed above the head 50b.
Is provided. Reference numerals 55 and 55 are guide surfaces formed on the lower surface of the moving member 33 from the lower end of the engaging hole 53 to both sides along the axial direction of the moving member 33, and each is formed as an inclined surface whose outer side rises. . Then, the guide surface 55
The height position of the inlet portion 55a is set to a position slightly higher than the head surface of the pin 50 that is most raised by the coil spring 48.

Reference numerals 56 and 56 denote guide walls vertically arranged in front of and behind both the guide surfaces 55 and 55, and the lower surface 56a thereof is located slightly below the guide surface 55 located in the engaging hole 53. It is formed horizontally over the entire length.

Further, the inner surfaces 56 of the front and rear guide walls 56, 56.
9B, the width of the guide surface 55 in the direction (Y-Y direction) orthogonal to the axial direction of the moving member 33 is the same as the diameter of the engaging hole 53 in the engaging hole 53 portion, as shown in FIG. The width is increased toward the inlet 55a side.

The operation of the third embodiment will be described. When the screw shaft 28 is normally and reversely rotated by the forward and reverse rotation of the motor 30, the moving member 33 is moved in the opening direction and the closing direction as in the above-described embodiment.

When the moving member 33 is moved in the axial direction, since the pin 50 and the engagement hole 53 are fitted in this direction without rattling, the sliding door 10 is pulled and opened without rattling.

In the opening / closing operation as described above, the screw shaft 2
When the axis of 8 and the axis of the guide rail 17, that is, the locus of movement of the moving member 33 and the locus of movement of the door roller are not parallel to each other when seen in a plan view, the pin 50 engages with the hinge pin 51 as a center. Swinging in the longitudinal direction of 53 (Y-Y direction),
It absorbs the force acting in a non-parallel manner, prevents twisting and biting of the door roller, and allows smooth opening and closing of the sliding door.

Further, the axis of the screw shaft 28 and the guide rail 17
If the axes of are not parallel when viewed from the front, pin 5
0 and the moving member 33 move up and down relative to each other, absorb the force acting due to the non-parallel movement, and smoothly open and close the sliding door.

In the present embodiment, a case will be described in which the sliding door is opened to guide the passengers to the outside of the vehicle in an emergency, or the sliding door 10 is detached from the moving member 33 and the guide rail 17 and attached at the time of repair. First, when removing the sliding door from the attached state of FIGS. 7 and 8, the operator manually pulls the handshake 49 of the operating rod 46 downward to remove the pin 50 from the engagement hole 53. Holding this state, sliding door 1
0 is moved along the guide rail 17 to a position where the pin 50 comes off the moving member 33.

Then, the hand is released from the handshake 49, and the sliding door 10 is lifted at the moving position to remove the door roller 15 from the guide rail 17. Next, when installing the sliding door 10 removed as described above, the door roller 15 of the sliding door 10 is hung on the guide rail 17 at a position where the pins 50 are separated from both side ends of the moving member 33. Then, the sliding door 10 is moved to the moving member 33.
Move in the direction. Then, the coil spring 48 causes the head of the pin 50 rising as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 to come into contact with the entrance 55a of the guide surface 55, and when the sliding door 10 is further moved in the same direction, the pin 50 is guided. It slides 55 and is pushed downward.

When the pin 50 reaches the engaging hole 53, the pin 50 is fitted upward into the engaging hole 53 by the urging force of the coil spring 48, and the states shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 are obtained. Further, although the pin 50 swings by the hinge pin 51, the swinging range is restricted by the inclined surfaces 52a and 52a, so that the pin 50 is guided from the outside of the moving member 33 to the guide surface 5.
When engaging with 5, the pin 50 reliably engages with the guide surface 55 without hitting the guide walls 56, 56.

If the swinging range of the head 50b of the pin 50 is restricted to the same range as the longitudinal width of the engaging hole 53 in the moving member 33 by the opening angle of the inclined surfaces 52a, 52a shown in FIG. The guide walls 56, 56 described above are not necessary.

The vertical movement of the pin 50 is performed by the coil spring 48 and the handshake 49 as described above.
A solenoid may be provided on the operating rod 46 to electrically move the pin 50 up and down. Further, it may be moved up and down by an air cylinder.

In the sliding door opening / closing driving mechanism in each of the above-described embodiments, the screw shaft 28 is rotated in the forward and reverse directions by driving the driving motor 30, and the moving member 33 is moved in the opening / closing direction. Not limited to this, other drive mechanisms, for example, a linear motor type drive mechanism (for example, an actual flat type 4-7
Mechanism disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3191) may be used. Alternatively, a rodless air cylinder having a piston corresponding to the moving member may be used.

The above embodiment is an example of the suspension system in which the guide rail is laid across the upper part of the sliding door, but it is applied to a non-suspension system sliding door in which the guide rail is provided on the lower surface (floor surface) of the sliding door. Good.

[0064]

As described above, according to the present invention, the axis of the guide rail for guiding the opening / closing movement of the sliding door and the locus of the moving member for driving the opening / closing of the sliding door are not parallel to each other when seen in a plan view. Even if there is, the sliding door can be opened and closed smoothly. Further, as a result, a member for driving the guide rail and the moving member, for example, a screw shaft is not required to be mounted with high precision, and the mounting work is facilitated.

Further, according to the third aspect of the invention, in addition to the above effect, even if the axis of the guide rail and the locus of the moving member are mounted in a non-parallel state when viewed from the front, the sliding door is smooth. Can be opened and closed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged front sectional view of the same main part.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged front cross-sectional view of a main part showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the moving member.

FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway front view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line CC in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the moving member.

FIG. 10 is a schematic front view showing a conventional structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 sliding door 15 door roller 17 guide rail 21, 39, 50 pin 22, 51 hinge pin 37, 40, 53 engaging hole

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A guide rail along an opening / closing direction of a sliding door and a moving member that moves in the opening / closing direction of the sliding door are provided, a door roller of the sliding door is placed on the guide rail, and the sliding member is opened / closed by the moving member. A pin is provided on the upper part of the sliding door, an engaging hole for engaging the pin is formed in the moving member, and the base of the pin is swingable in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the moving member. Opening and closing device for sliding doors. 2. A guide rail along an opening / closing direction of a sliding door and a moving member that moves in the opening / closing direction of the sliding door are provided, a door roller of the sliding door is placed on the guide rail, and the sliding door is opened / closed by the moving member. A pin is provided on the upper part of the sliding door, and an engaging hole for engaging the pin is formed in the moving member, and the hole diameter of the engaging hole is the outer diameter of the pin in the moving direction of the moving member. An opening / closing device for a sliding door, characterized in that it is formed with a diameter that does not cause rattling and is formed with a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the pin in the direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the moving member. 3. The opening / closing device for a sliding door according to claim 1, wherein the pin and the engagement hole are formed so as to be capable of relative vertical movement.