JPH06341839A - Surveying instrument provided with eccentricity correction function - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To correct and compute an eccentricity in such a way that a measured value mea sured in an eccentricity point is measured in a main point by a method where the coordinates of a control point, the distance between, and the direction of, the main point and the eccentric ity point and the measured value of a new point measured in the eccentricity point are input. CONSTITUTION:When a control point P1 cannot be sighted from a main point (a control point) P2, a surveying instrument is installed in an eccentricity point E which can sight the point P1 and which is deviated from the point P2. The coordinates of the points P1, P2 and values of an eccentricity distance (e), an eccentricity direction psi, a relative height (h), an instrument height hI and a target height hp are stored in a storage part 5 and a control-point storage part 6. When a new point P is surveyed from the point E, its horizontal angle theta', its vertical angle V' and its oblique distance S are inputted to an eccentricity correction and computation part 1 via an eccentricity-measured-value input part 8, its operated result is output to a coordinate computation part 2 and an eccentricity-corrected-value display and output part 2, a measured value which is measured at the point E can be eccentricity- corrected in such a way that it is measured at the point P2, and the point P can be found immediately. In addition, the coordinates of the point P can be outputted to a storage part 6 from the display and output part 4 of the coordinates of the new point.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a surveying instrument having an eccentricity correction function.

2. Description of the Related Art In order to obtain the position of a new point with a conventional surveying instrument such as a total station, the angle and distance from a point (reference point) whose position is already known to the new point are obtained. That is, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the reference point P2 (x
(2, y2, z2) set up a total station to find the angle from the reference point P1 (x1, y1, z1) to the new point P (x, y, z) and the distance from the reference point P2 to the new point P. Thus, the position of the unknown new point P is obtained. Now, in the XY plane coordinates of FIG. 5, the coordinates of the reference point P1 (x1, y1) and the reference point P2 (x2, y2) are known, and the new point P
The clockwise angle of the (x, y) from the X axis is α, and the reference point P
When the plane distance between 2 and the new point P is D, the plane coordinates of the new point P are as follows: x = x2 + D · sinα ··· (1) y = y2 + D · cosα ··· (2). FIG. 6 is a side view of the reference point P2 and the new point P.
, The vertical coordinate z of the new point P is z = z2 + H ... (3). Moreover, what can be directly measured by a surveying instrument such as a total station is the horizontal angle θ shown in FIG. 5, the vertical angle V shown in FIG. 6, and the oblique distance S, and the machine height hI of the surveying instrument installed at the reference point P2. , The target height hp of the new point P can be measured with a tape measure or the like, and therefore the unknown number D in the above formulas (1), (2) and (3),
H and α are given by D = S · sinV (4) H = S · cosV + hI-hp (5) α = α0 + θ-360 ° (6) Further, in the equation (6), α0 is a direction angle from the reference point P2 to the reference point P1 and is given by the equation (7). In Expression (7), n is selected from 0, 1, 2, and 3 quadrants, and n = 3 in the figure.

[Equation 1] Conventionally, the position (coordinates) of the new point P is calculated using a computer or the like after returning to the office or the like.

[0002]

In order to measure the position of the new point P from the reference point as described above, the reference points P1 and P
2. There must be a line of sight between the reference point P2 and the new point P.
However, the reference points P1 and P2 are often invisible at the time of use due to environmental changes (buildings and trees) with the passage of time from the time they were installed (around the triangle points). Trees etc.). In such a case, the surveying instrument should be set to the reference point P2 so that the surveying instrument can see the reference point P1.
It is installed at an offset eccentric point and the angle and distance to the new point P are measured. Before or after this measurement, the surveying instrument sets the reference point P
By measuring the eccentricity element (eccentricity distance and eccentricity direction) that shows how much the position was from 2, the angle / distance measured at the eccentricity position is converted to the value when measured at the main point (reference point P2). However, it is convenient if the new point position can be immediately calculated on site without returning to the office (correction of eccentricity). A conventional surveying instrument such as a total station has a coordinate calculation function when a new point P is measured from the above-referenced reference point, but when the eccentricity is present, calculation cannot be performed, and new points are successively found on site. There was a problem that could not be asked.

[0003]

Therefore, according to the present invention, in a surveying instrument capable of surveying an unknown new point by installing it at an eccentric point which is eccentric with respect to the main point which is a known reference point, , The eccentric element consisting of the distance and direction between the main point and the eccentric point, and the measured value of the new point measured at the eccentric point are input to observe the measured value at the eccentric point at the main point. Thus, an object of the present invention is to provide a surveying instrument having an eccentricity correction function, which is characterized in that an arithmetic unit for performing eccentricity correction calculation is provided. Further, the present invention is a known reference point input means,
Input means for an eccentric element consisting of a distance and a direction between a main point which is a known reference point and an eccentric point eccentric to the main point, and the known reference point coordinates (value) and the eccentric element are stored. An eccentricity correction function having a memory device for performing eccentricity correction calculation as if the measurement value measured at the eccentric point is observed at the main point based on the reference point coordinates (value) and the eccentricity element input from the memory device. It is intended to provide a surveying instrument equipped with it.

[0004]

According to the surveying instrument having the eccentricity correction function according to the present invention, even if the surveying instrument is installed at the reference point P2, the reference point P1 and the reference point P2 or the reference point P2 and the new point P are provided.
When there is no line of sight between the surveying instrument and the reference point P1
The surveying instrument is installed at an eccentric point offset from the reference point P2 so that the new point P can be seen through and the angle and distance to the new point P are measured. By measuring an eccentric element (eccentric distance and eccentric direction) indicating how much the position is from the point P2, the coordinates of the reference points P1 and P2, the main point and the eccentric point are provided to the arithmetic unit included in the surveying instrument. By inputting the eccentricity element consisting of the distance and the direction between the points and the measurement value of the new point P measured at the eccentric point, the eccentricity correction calculation is performed as if the measurement value measured at the eccentric point was observed at the main point. It is possible to obtain an unknown new point in real time at the place where the surveying instrument is installed. Further, according to the present invention, the input known reference point coordinates (value) and the eccentric element are stored in the memory device, and the arithmetic unit determines the eccentric point based on the reference point coordinate (value) and the eccentric element input from the memory device. Eccentricity correction calculation can be performed as if the measured value was observed at the main point, and unknown new points from the reference point can be obtained in real time one after another at the eccentric position. Further, according to the present invention, when the surveying instrument is installed, even if the surveying instrument is installed at an eccentric position deviating from the reference point, the surveying instrument is installed vertically as long as the eccentric element from the reference point is known. Only by doing so, the eccentricity correction calculation can be performed as if the measured value was observed at the reference point, and the work that requires the conventional skill of aligning the center of the surveying instrument with the vertical line of the reference point becomes unnecessary.

[0005]

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown below. First, referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the principle of the present invention will be described. A surveying instrument such as a total station is installed at the main point (reference point P2) (x2, y2, z2) and a new point P is set.
Even when trying to measure (x, y, z), the reference point P1 (x
1, y1, z1) and reference point P2, or reference point P2 and new point P
If there is no line of sight between the surveying instrument and the reference point P
A surveying instrument is installed at an eccentric point E deviated from a reference point P2 so that 1 and the new point P can be seen through, and a horizontal angle θ ′, a distance S ′ and a vertical angle V ′ to the new point P are measured, Before or after this measurement, an eccentric element (eccentric distance e, eccentric direction ψ, and specific height h) representing how far the surveying instrument is located from the reference point P2 is measured, thereby providing an arithmetic unit equipped with the surveying instrument. And the coordinates (x1, y1, z1) of the reference points P1 and P2.
(X2, y2, z2) and the eccentric element (eccentric distance e, eccentric direction ψ and specific height h) consisting of the distance and direction between the main point and the eccentric point, and the new point P measured at the eccentric point. By inputting the measured values (horizontal angle θ ′, distance S ′, and vertical angle V ′), the measured value measured at the eccentric point E is set to the main point (x2, y2, z
The eccentricity correction calculation can be performed as observed in 2).

That is, tentatively, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a total station is installed at a reference point P2 (x2, y2, z2), and a new point P is established from the reference point P1 (x1, y1, z1).
An unknown new point P (x, y, z) is obtained by obtaining the angle to (x, y, z) and the distance from the reference point P2 to the new point P.
If the position of P is obtained, the angle of the new point P (x, y) from the X axis in the clockwise direction on the XY plane coordinates in FIG. 2 is α, and the plane of the reference point P2 and the new point P. Distance D
Then, the plane coordinates of the new point P are as follows: x = x2 + D · sinα ··· (1) y = y2 + D · cosα ··· (2). FIG. 3 is a side view of the reference point P2 and the new point P.
, The vertical coordinate z of the new point P is z = z2 '+ H' = z2 + h + H '... (3)'. Moreover, what can be directly measured by a surveying instrument such as a total station is the horizontal angle θ ′ shown in FIG. 2, the vertical angle V ′ and the oblique distance S ′ shown in FIG. 3, and the machine of the surveying instrument installed at the eccentric point E. The height hI 'and the target height hp' of the new point P can be measured with a tape measure or the like, and the measurement of the eccentric element depends on the size of the eccentricity.
For example, in the eccentric direction ψ, it can be measured with a total station (or transit), or can be plotted on a flat plate and measured with a protractor, and with the eccentricity e, it can be measured with a tape measure or with a total station (or an optical rangefinder). The specific height h can be measured by an appropriate measuring method such as a level measurement or a vertical height / oblique distance measurement at a total station to calculate the specific height.

The unknowns in the above equations (1), (2) and (3) 'are D, H', and α, and all of them can be obtained by the principle of geometry. D is the reference point P2 in FIG.
From the triangle formed by the eccentric point E and the new point P, it is given by the following equation (8) by the cosine theorem.

[Equation 2] In this equation (8), D ′ is given by the following equation (4) ′ from FIG. D '= S' * sinV '... (4)' Moreover, H'is given by following Formula (5) 'from FIG. H ′ = S ′ · cosV ′ + hI′−hp (5) ′ Further, referring to FIG. 5, α is also given by the following equation (6) in FIG. 2, and α = α0 + θ−360 °. (6) In the above equation (6), α0 is a direction angle from the reference point P2 to the reference point P1 and is given by the equation (7). In Expression (7), n is selected from 0, 1, 2, and 3 quadrants, and n = 3 in the figure.

[Equation 3] The angle θ in the equation (6) is given by the following equation (9) with reference to FIG. θ = θ'-a0 + a1 (9) In the formula (9), a0 and a1 are the following formulas (10) and (11).
Are given respectively.

[Equation 4]

[Equation 5] In the equation (10), D0 is given by the following equation (12), and D in the equation (11) is given by the equation (8).

[Equation 6]

An arithmetic unit according to the present invention is constructed based on the arithmetic principle composed of each of the above mathematical expressions. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an eccentricity correction calculator of the arithmetic unit according to the present invention. P1 (x1, y1, z1), reference point P2 (x
2, y2, z2) and measured values (horizontal angle θ ', vertical angle V',
Based on the oblique distance S ′, the machine height hI ′, the target height hp) and the eccentric element measurement values (the eccentric distance e, the eccentric direction ψ, and the specific height h), the equations (4) ′ (5) ′ (6) to The eccentricity correction calculation of (12) is performed. That is, the eccentricity correction calculation unit 1
Then, D'is obtained from the equation (4) 'and D is obtained from the equation (8) based on it. The D is used to obtain a0 from the equation (10), the D0 is obtained from the equation (12), the D0 is used to obtain the a1 from the equation (11), and the a0 is given to the equation (9). By substituting a1, θ can be obtained. Substituting θ in equation (9) and the calculation result α0 in equation (7) into equation (6), α
Is obtained. Further, H'is obtained from the equation (5) '. Two
Is a coordinate calculation unit of the arithmetic device according to the present invention, which is connected to the eccentricity correction calculation unit 1 and is based on the calculation results D, α, and H ′ of the eccentricity correction calculation unit 1, and the formulas (1) and (2) The calculation of (3) ′ is performed to obtain the coordinates (x, y, z) of the new point P. Reference numeral 3 denotes a display / output unit that is connected to the eccentricity correction calculation unit 1 and appropriately displays / outputs the individual eccentricity correction values D, θ, etc. obtained by the eccentricity correction calculation unit 1, as indicated by arrow 9. By obtaining the required eccentricity correction values D, θ, etc. in real time at the surveying site, for example, the pile driving work and the like can be immediately performed simultaneously with the surveying. Reference numeral 4 denotes a new point coordinate display / output unit which is connected to the coordinate calculation unit 2 and displays / outputs the coordinates (x, y, z) of the new point P obtained by the coordinate calculation unit 2. When measuring the coordinates of the new points one after another with the new point P as the reference point P2, the arrow mark 1
As indicated by 0, the data can be output to the reference point storage unit 6 of the memory device according to the present invention. 5
Is a storage unit such as an eccentric element of the memory device according to the present invention,
The measured values of the eccentric element (eccentric distance e, eccentric direction ψ, specific height h), machine height hI ′, and target height hp are stored as an internal memory, and the eccentricity correction calculation of the arithmetic unit is performed together with the reference point storage unit 6. It is connected to the section 1 so that the information value can be output. Reference numeral 7 denotes a machine height input section connected so as to output the measured values of the machine height hI ′ and the target height hp to the storage section 5 such as an eccentric element. Although not shown in the drawing, the eccentric element storage unit 5 and the reference point storage unit 6 are configured so that the coordinates of the eccentric element and the reference point can be externally input via a keyboard or the like. Of course there is.
Reference numeral 8 is provided so as to output measured values (horizontal angle θ ′, vertical angle V ′, oblique distance S ′) at an eccentric point of a surveying instrument such as a total station according to the present invention to the eccentricity correction calculation unit 1 of the arithmetic unit. The eccentricity measurement value input unit is configured to output the measurement value to the eccentricity correction calculation unit 1 as soon as the surveying is completed by the surveying instrument.

According to the surveying instrument having the eccentricity correction function according to the present invention, when the surveying instrument is installed at the main point (reference point P2) in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the reference point P1 and the reference point are set. P2 or an eccentric point E deviated from the reference point P2, which allows the reference point P1 and the new point P to be seen from the surveying instrument when the sight point cannot be seen between the reference point P2 and the new point P. A surveying instrument is installed in the storage unit 5 and the reference point storage unit 6 of the eccentric element of the memory device according to the present invention, and the coordinates (x1, y1, z1) of the reference points P1 and P2 are stored in the internal memory in advance. , (X2,
y2, z2) and eccentric element measurement values (eccentric distance e, eccentric direction ψ and specific height h) and (mechanical height hI ′, target height hp) measured values are stored via the mechanical height input unit 7 or the like. If the new point P (x, y, z) is measured from the eccentric point E, the measured values (horizontal angle θ ′, vertical angle V ′, oblique distance S ′) are measured by the eccentric measured value input unit 8. It is input to the eccentricity correction calculation unit 1 via the, and the calculation result is immediately output to the coordinate calculation unit 2 and the eccentricity correction value display / output unit 3 so that the measured value measured at the eccentric point is observed at the main point. Eccentricity correction can be calculated and unknown new points can be obtained in real time at the installation location of the surveying instrument. Further, according to the present invention, as indicated by an arrow mark 10 from the new point coordinate display / output section 4 for displaying / outputting the coordinates (x, y, z) of the new point P obtained by the coordinate calculating section 2, , The new point P which can be output to the reference point storage unit 6 of the memory device according to the present invention and which is the reference point P2 (x2, y2, z2).
With the reference point P2 as the reference point P1 (x1, y1, z1), the coordinates of new points can be measured one after another, and the eccentric point is calculated based on the reference point and the eccentric element input from the memory device. Eccentricity correction calculation can be performed as if the measured value was observed at the main point, and unknown new points from the reference point can be obtained in real time one after another at the eccentric position. Further, according to the present invention, when installing the surveying instrument, the surveying instrument is set to the reference point P.
Even if it is installed at the eccentric point E deviating from 2, the measured values of the eccentric element (eccentric distance e, eccentric direction ψ and specific height h) and (machine height hI ′, target height hp) from the reference point P2 are stored in the memory device. 5,
All you have to do is to install the surveying instrument vertically at the eccentric point E, and the measured values (horizontal angle θ ', vertical angle V', oblique distance S ') will be observed at the reference point P2. In addition, the eccentricity correction calculation can be performed by the arithmetic units 1 and 2, and the work that requires the conventional skill for aligning the center of the surveying instrument with the vertical line of the reference point P2 can be eliminated.

[0010]

[Effect] As described above, according to the surveying instrument having the eccentricity correction function according to the present invention, the unknown new point can be surveyed by installing it at the eccentric point eccentric to the main point which is the known reference point. Measurement at the eccentric point by inputting the coordinates of the reference point, the eccentric element consisting of the distance and direction between the main point and the eccentric point, and the measured value of the new point measured at the eccentric point in the surveying instrument Since it has a configuration with an arithmetic unit that calculates the eccentricity correction as if the measured value was observed at this point, it can be used depending on the environmental changes (buildings and trees) with the passage of time since the reference point was installed. If the reference point, such as a triangular point, whose direction should be determined from the reference point at which the surveying instrument should be installed at a time, cannot be seen, shift the surveying instrument from the reference point so that the surveying instrument can see the reference point. By installing it at an eccentric point and measuring the angle and distance to the new point It is possible to correct the eccentricity of the measurement value measured at the eccentric point to obtain the measurement value of the new point, and install the surveying instrument at the eccentric place to obtain the unknown new point in real time. There is an effect that can be done. Further, according to the surveying instrument having the eccentricity correction function according to the present invention, the known reference point coordinate (value) input means, the known reference point main point, and the eccentric point eccentric with respect to the original point Eccentric element input means consisting of distance and direction between the, and the like, a memory device for storing the known reference point and the eccentric element, and measured at the eccentric point based on the reference point and the eccentric element input from the memory device. By having an arithmetic unit for calculating the eccentricity correction as if the measured value was observed at the main point, the input known reference point and the eccentricity element are stored in the memory device, and in the arithmetic device, the reference point input from the memory device. Based on the eccentricity element, the eccentricity correction calculation can be performed as if the measurement value measured at the eccentric point was observed at the main point, and the unknown new point is obtained at the eccentric position one after another from the reference point in real time one after another. It is possible There is an effect. Further, according to the surveying instrument having the eccentricity correction function according to the present invention, when the surveying instrument is installed, even if the surveying instrument is installed at an eccentric position deviating from the reference point, the eccentricity element from the reference point is known. As long as it is installed, it is possible to calculate the eccentricity correction just by installing the surveying instrument vertically, as if the measured value was observed at the reference point, and to align the center of the surveying instrument with the vertical line of the reference point. There is an effect that the work which requires the skill of can be made unnecessary.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a main part of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view illustrating an eccentricity correction calculation principle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view illustrating the principle of eccentricity correction calculation of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view illustrating the principle of eccentricity correction calculation of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view illustrating a calculation principle for obtaining a new point from a conventional reference point for explaining the eccentricity correction calculation principle of the present invention.

6 is a schematic side view illustrating the calculation principle of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Eccentricity correction calculation unit of arithmetic device 2 ... Coordinate calculation unit of arithmetic device 3 ... Eccentricity correction value display / output unit 4 ... Coordinate display / output unit 5 ... Eccentricity element of memory device Etc. Storage unit 6 ... Memory device reference point storage unit 7 ... Machine height input unit 8 ... Eccentricity measurement value input unit 9 ... Eccentricity correction value display output arrow mark 10 ... Coordinates display output Arrow

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. In a surveying instrument capable of measuring an unknown new point by installing it at an eccentric point which is eccentric with respect to a main point which is a known reference point, between the coordinates of the reference point and the main point and the eccentric point. By inputting the eccentricity element consisting of the distance and direction, etc. and the measured value of the new point measured at the eccentric point, an arithmetic device for calculating the eccentricity correction as if the measured value measured at the eccentric point was observed at the main point A surveying instrument equipped with an eccentricity correction function characterized by being provided. 2. An eccentric element comprising a known reference point coordinate (value) input means and a distance and direction between a main point which is a known reference point and an eccentric point which is eccentric to the main point. Input means, a memory device for storing the known reference point coordinates (value) and the eccentricity element, and a measurement value measured at the eccentric point based on the reference point coordinates (value) and the eccentricity element input from the memory device. A surveying instrument equipped with an eccentricity correction function, which has an arithmetic unit for calculating eccentricity correction as observed in 1.