JPH06329045A - Front body structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate the fitting rigidity tuning of a suspension member and a side member, and increase the absorption quantity of collision energy. CONSTITUTION:A suspension member 12 is fixed at the front fitting part 24 and rear fitting part 26 to a side member 10. The front fitting part 24 is fixed by a rigid bolt 16, and the rear fitting part 26 is fixed by a bolt 18 rupture- deformed when receiving collision load. At the time of a collision, a side member front end part 10a is plastically deformed, and the fixation of the rear fitting part 26 is detached to concentrate the collision load on the engine rear part 10b of the side member 10, thereby causing plastic deformation to absorb collision energy.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure of a front body of a vehicle, which absorbs collision energy at the time of vehicle collision and improves occupant safety.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a vehicle collides, a very large collision energy is applied to the body of the vehicle and a part of the body is deformed. Generally, the skeleton of a vehicle is a rigid body, and a rigid engine and chassis are provided, so if the body is not devised to absorb the collision energy, the impact on the occupants in the vehicle compartment during a collision may be large. .
Therefore, the body is provided with a structure that absorbs the collision energy, and is devised so that the passenger is not affected by the collision. For example, when a vehicle has a front collision, a front side member (hereinafter referred to as a side member) is deformed (hereinafter referred to as plastic deformation) from its front end portion by a load of collision,
A structure of a front body in which the suspension member is also plastically deformed to improve the absorption of collision energy is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-127063.

According to Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 57-127063, as shown in FIG. 4A, the structure of the vehicle front body is roughly divided into a side member 50, a suspension member 52 and a suspension arm 74. . A bracket 56 is attached to the front upper surface of the suspension member 52 by welding (hereinafter, referred to as a weld attachment portion 72).
Suspension arm 74 has bolts 6
4 is swingably supported, and the rear mounting portion 66 is swingably supported so as to be movable rearward in the event of a collision. The suspension member 52 is attached to the side member 50 by a front attachment portion 68 and a rear attachment portion 70. The front attachment portion 68 attaches the bracket 56 to the side member 50 with the bolt 60, and the rear attachment portion 70.
Is a structure that is attached to the side member 50 with a bolt 62.

At the time of a collision, the front end portion of the side member 50 is plastically deformed in the axial direction by the collision load, and when the rigid engine 54 receives the collision load and is pushed rearward (in the direction of arrow X), the suspension member. 52 and the rigid suspension arm 74 are pushed by the engine 54 and receive a collision load. Then, as shown in FIG. 4B, at the weld mounting portion 72, the suspension member 52 is separated from the bracket 56 by the collision load. The suspension arm 74 has its rear mounting portion 66 rearward (in the direction of arrow Y).
It moves backward due to the collision load while projecting to. On the other hand, the suspension member 52 has a rear mounting portion 70.
Are fixed by bolts 62, they are subjected to a collision load and are plastically deformed. As a result, the suspension member 52 also absorbs the collision energy.

[0005]

In the above-mentioned conventional technique, the suspension member 52 is attached to the side member 50 at three positions, that is, the front mounting portion 68, the rear mounting portion 70, and the welding mounting portion 72. Among them, the welding attachment part 72 is
The mounting rigidity is considerably increased so as not to be separated from a large load applied to the entire suspension during normal vehicle traveling, for example, a large load applied to the suspension member 52 when the vehicle gets over a road step such as a curb, and at the same time a collision occurs. It is welded to such a strength that the suspension member 52 is sometimes detached.

However, there is a problem that tuning becomes very difficult to realize the mounting sufficiently satisfying such conditions. Moreover, at the time of collision, the welding attachment portion 7
Since it has a complicated configuration in which the rear mounting portion 66 of the suspension arm 74 is moved backward while separating the two, it is necessary to perform tuning in consideration of the mounting balance between the welding mounting portion 72 and the rear mounting portion 66.

In view of the above, the present invention simplifies the mounting tuning by removing the mounting of only the rear mounting portion of the plurality of mounting portions for mounting the suspension member to the side member in the event of a vehicle collision, and reduces the amount of collision energy absorbed. The purpose is to improve.

[0008]

In order to solve the above problems, a structure of a front body of the present invention is a suspension arm for supporting a front wheel, a suspension member on which the suspension arm is swingably supported, and a vehicle body. In a vehicle having a side member arranged on a side portion and fixing the suspension member, the side member having a function of absorbing collision energy, a first attachment in which a vehicle front-rear direction front attachment portion of the suspension member is rigid. It is fixed to the side member by the member,
The vehicle front-rear direction rear mounting portion of the suspension member is fixed to the front side member by a second mounting member that releases the fixing when the collision energy is received.

[0009]

According to the structure of the front body of the present invention, at the time of vehicle collision, the front end portion of the side member is first plastically deformed by the collision load. Thereafter, the collision load is dispersed and acts on the side member, the front wheel, and the engine, and a part of the collision load dispersed on the engine and the front wheel is transmitted to the rigid first mounting member and second rigid mounting member.
Then, since the reaction load of the collision load received from the front is applied to the second mounting member from the vehicle rear side of the side member, the second mounting member is fractured and deformed, and the fixing of the rear mounting portion of the suspension member is released. . On the other hand, since the mounting rigidity of the first mounting member is higher than that of the second mounting member, the fixing of the front mounting portion is maintained. As a result, the reaction load is transmitted to the rear portion of the engine of the side member without being dispersed, and the load is concentrated, so that plastic deformation occurs.

[0010]

Embodiments Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
It will be described based on. FRONT shown in the drawings indicates the front side in the vehicle front-rear direction, UP indicates the upper side in the vehicle up-down direction, and OUT indicates the vehicle outer side direction.

The structure of the front body will be described below with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the entire attachment of the side member 10, the suspension member 12, and the suspension arm 14 in the front body of this embodiment. Normally, the side member 10 and the suspension member 1
The 2 and the suspension arm 14 are made of a rigid body so as not to be deformed even when receiving a load applied while the vehicle is running.

The side members 10 are a basic skeleton for increasing the rigidity of the front structure of the vehicle body, are arranged on the left and right sides of the vehicle body (only the right side portion is shown in FIG. 1), and extend in the vehicle front-rear direction. ing. An insertion hole 30 for fixing the suspension member 12 is formed at the rear end of the lower surface of the side member 10 (rear part in the vehicle front-rear direction). Further, a bracket 22 for attaching the suspension member 12 is joined to the center of the lower surface of the side member 10 (center part in the vehicle front-rear direction) by welding or the like. An insertion hole 28 similar to the insertion hole 30 is formed on the lower surface of the bracket 22. The side member 10
Has a function of efficiently absorbing collision energy. Specifically, the side member 10 is provided with a bead, a bellows (bellows) or the like (not shown).

The suspension member 12 extends in the lateral direction of the vehicle body, and both lateral ends thereof are formed in a substantially L shape. A front insertion hole 32 and a rear insertion hole 34 for fixing the suspension member 12 to the side member 10 are formed at the respective ends of the L shape. The suspension member 12 is fixed to the side member 10 by inserting the bolt 16 which is a rigid first mounting member into the front insertion hole 32 and screwing the bolt 16 into the insertion hole 28. Further, a bolt 18 which is a second mounting member designed to receive a collision load at the time of a vehicle collision and to be broken and deformed is fitted into the rear insertion hole 34 and a rubber bush 38 described later, and is screwed into the insertion hole 30. The suspension member 12 is fixed to the side member 10. The suspension member 14 is fixed with bolts 16 and 18 so that it will not come off from the side member 10 even if a large load is applied to the entire suspension during normal traveling. The diameter of the bolt 18 is smaller than that of the bolt 16.

The suspension arm 14 is substantially V-shaped, and a front wheel (not shown) is attached to the V-shaped convex portion 14a. A rubber bush 36 is installed at one end 14b (front side in the vehicle front-rear direction) of the V-shaped recess, and a rubber bush 38 is installed at the other end 14c (rear side in the vehicle front-rear direction). One end 14
A rigid bolt 40 is inserted into the bush 36 of b and is pivotally supported in the mounting hole 33 of the suspension member 12 so as to be swingable. Further, the above-described bolt 18 is fitted into the rubber bush 38 of the other end 14c together with the rear insertion hole 34, and is pivotally supported in the insertion hole 30 of the side member 10 so as to be swingable.

Next, the action of absorbing the collision energy in the vehicle collision in the structure of the front body of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state of the side surface of the front body.

At the time of a head-on collision of a vehicle, the side member front end portion 10a is plastically deformed by the collision load F as shown in the side view of the front end of the collision of FIG.
When 0 is plastically deformed, the rigid front wheel 4
8 and the engine 46, the front wheel 48 and the engine 46 are pushed without being further plastically deformed.
At that time, the collision load F from the front (F = F ₁ + F ₂ + F ₃
2B, a collision load F ₁ is applied to the side member 10, a collision load F ₂ is applied to the engine 46, and a collision load F ₃ is applied to the front wheel 48. Dispersed in. Although some of the collision loads F ₂ and F ₃ are applied to the bolt 16 of the front mounting portion 24, the mounting rigidity of the bolt 16 is tuned so that it can withstand the collision loads F ₂ and F ₃ sufficiently. The suspension member 12 is fixedly held on the side member 10 without being broken and deformed.

On the other hand, the bolt 18 of the rear mounting portion 26 receives a part of the collision loads F ₂ and F ₃ from the front, and has a reaction load F ₀ (F ₀ = F) of the collision load F from the front. ) Is applied from the rear side of the vehicle to the side member 10, the breaking deformation occurs as shown in FIG. 2C, the suspension member 12 is separated from the side member 10, and the fixation is released. Then, even after the rear mounting portion 26 is separated, the reaction load F ₀ is applied from the rear side without being dispersed, so that the engine rear portion 10b of the side member 10 is provided.
The collision load concentrates on the surface and plastic deformation occurs. From the above, since there is only one mounting portion for separating the suspension member 12 from the side member 10 at the time of collision, it is easy to perform mounting tuning.

During a collision, the suspension member 12
Since the rear mounting portion 26 is separated from the side member 10, the rear portion 10b of the engine 46 of the side member 10 is separated.
The collision load concentrates on the area, and plastic deformation occurs in that area, and the energy of collision is absorbed. That is, since there is the rigid front wheel 48 and the engine 46, in the event of a collision,
The engine rear portion 10b, which cannot transmit the collision load to be plastically deformed, is plastically deformed by the reaction load from the rear of the vehicle, and the plastically deformable portion of the side member 10 increases. Will increase.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the bolt 18 of the rear mounting portion 26 is made smaller in diameter than the bolt 16 of the front mounting portion 24 so that the rear mounting portion 26 can be broken and deformed at the time of collision to fix the rear mounting portion 26. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. As another configuration example, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the insertion hole 30 a of the rear mounting portion 26 has an oblong shape, and the bolt 1
A configuration is also conceivable in which the suspension member 12 is slidably fixed to the side member 10 by inserting 8 into one end of the insertion hole 30a. At the time of a collision, when the suspension member 12 is pushed rearward by a collision load, the bolt 18 slides from one end of the insertion hole 30a to the other end thereof, so that the rear attachment portion 26 is provided.
Is fixed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, the rear mounting portion 26
The number of bolts of the rear mounting portion 2 is smaller than that of the front mounting portion 24 so that only the bolt 18 is broken and deformed at the time of collision.
6 may be released from the fixed state. Alternatively, the bolts to be inserted into the front mounting portion 24 and the rear mounting portion 26 may be made of different materials, and the rear mounting portion 26 may be unfixed at the time of collision.

[0021]

The structure of the front body of the vehicle according to the present invention has a structure in which only the rear mounting portion of the mounting portion for fixing the suspension member to the side member is released in order to absorb the collision energy at the time of vehicle collision. Therefore, there is an effect that the mounting tuning of the mounting portion of the suspension member with respect to the large load applied during normal traveling and the load at the time of collision becomes simple.

Further, when the fixing of the rear mounting portion is released at the time of collision, the plastically deformable portion of the side member can be increased, so that the amount of collision energy absorbed increases,
This has the effect of reducing the impact on the occupant.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a front body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a front body according to an embodiment of the present invention, (a) a side view of a load during a collision early period, (b) a side view of a load during a middle period of a collision, and (c) a side view of a load during a late period of a collision.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of another configuration example for fixing the suspension member of the present invention to the side member.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another configuration example for fixing the suspension member of the present invention to the side member.

5A and 5B are side views of a conventional front body structure that absorbs collision energy; FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 ... Front side member 12 ... Suspension member 14 ... Suspension arm 16 ... Bolt (first mounting member) 18 ... Bolt (second mounting member) 46 ... Engine 48 ... Front wheel

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A suspension arm for supporting a front wheel, a suspension member on which the suspension arm is swingably supported, and a front side member for fixing the suspension member, which is arranged on a side portion of a vehicle body. In a vehicle in which a side member has a function of absorbing collision energy, a vehicle front-rear direction front mounting portion of the suspension member is fixed to a front side member by a rigid first mounting member, and a suspension member rear-vehicle rear mounting portion. Is a structure of a front body characterized in that it is fixed to the front side member by a second mounting member that releases the fixation when it receives collision energy.