JPH0631416U - Vegetable grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Object] The present invention relates to a vegetable crusher capable of crushing and spraying vegetables in a field to such an extent that the germinated components can be ripened, and can also be used for producing excellent compost. [Structure] A traveling carriage 3 that is pulled by a tractor or the like to travel, and an inlet 1A that is provided on the traveling carriage 3 and has an open upper portion for introducing vegetables to be treated and is crushed rearward in the traveling direction. A predetermined interval between the vegetable processing chamber 2 having a discharge port 7 for discharging vegetables and a conveyor 6 for transferring the processed vegetables input from the input port 1A toward the discharge port and the discharge port 7 A fixed blade 12 which is hung across the fixed blade 12 and which is located inside the fixed blade 12 and upstream of the discharge port 7 and is horizontally traversed so as to be rotationally driven and transferred by the conveyor 6. A rotary blade 9 for crushing vegetables is provided.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a vegetable crusher configured so that a germinated component of vegetables can be crushed to the extent that it can be ripened in a field and excellent compost can be produced.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 Generally, excess vegetables are treated as they are, or after harvesting them at a specified place, they are loaded onto a compost spreader without being aged for maturation, sprayed on the field while being crushed, and then soiled with a tiller. The method of making it ripen and ripen it is tried.

[0003] In this case, what is important is that the excess vegetables that have been plowed into the field are completely ripened by the next cropping season and the fertilizing effect is exerted on the next crop. In order for the excess vegetables to ripen for a certain period of time, it is essential that they are crushed to a prescribed shape or smaller without stopping their original shape.

For example, when the shape is larger than a predetermined shape, the ripening does not proceed completely due to lack of oxygen, etc., and the nitrogen content of the excess vegetables cannot be decomposed to the nitric acid state and remains in the ammonia state, resulting in the death of crops. .

Further, if the crushing is not sufficient and the germinated components of the surplus vegetables remain without being ripened, a crop not planned in the next planting period germinates in the field, which requires extra removal work.

[0006] It is also an important condition to evenly distribute the surplus vegetables in the field, and if they are non-uniform, the amount of fertilizer applied will be excessive or insufficient, and excessive fertilization will have an adverse effect such as excessive nitrogen.

Therefore, the compost spreader is required to have a function of crushing into a predetermined shape and a function of evenly spraying in a field.

In addition to the above-mentioned fertilizer application, the compost spreader is also used for transporting excess vegetables to the field to produce compost, but the required functions are exactly the same as those for fertilization. is there.

FIG. 3 shows a conventional compost spreader.

The compost spreader a is provided with a traveling vehicle e for loading a vegetable processing chamber d having an input port c for introducing the vegetables b to be processed from above, and a tractor provided in front of the traveling vehicle e in the traveling direction (illustration). It is configured to include a towing rod f connected to (not shown) and a transmission device g for transmitting power supplied from a PTO shaft such as a tractor.

The vegetable processing chamber d has a luggage box h for storing the vegetables to be treated b whose upper and rear portions are open, a floor conveyor i provided on the floor surface of the luggage box h, and a rear side wall of the luggage box h. A rear pedestal k that is supported to form the discharge port j of the vegetable processing chamber d, a rotary blade 1 that is laid horizontally on the rear pedestal k and crushes and sprinkles the to-be-treated vegetables b, and also a horizontal pedestal that is also laid on the rear pedestal k. And a shielding plate n that is supported on the rear side wall of the luggage box h and is provided on the upper rear portion of the luggage box h.

The floor conveyor i connects the pair of left and right endless chains on the floor of the packing box h with slats to sequentially transfer the vegetables b to be processed backward along the side wall of the packing box h. It is provided so as to form the bottom of the box h 1 and is driven via the transmission device g described above.

The rear pedestal k is a machine frame having a crushing / spreading function for crushing the vegetables b to be processed transferred by the conveyor i by a striking force and at the same time spraying the crushed vegetables b rearward in the traveling direction. The shaft o is horizontally arranged with respect to the discharge port j, and the leveling blade shaft p is arranged in parallel rearward and upward of the rotary blade shaft o.

The rotary blade shaft o has a structure in which a rotary blade l of a fan-shaped plate piece provided with a serrated blade tip at its tip is spirally planted on the outer periphery of the shaft at a predetermined interval. I has a function of smashing, crushing, tearing, winding up upward, throwing to the rear of the traveling carriage e, and spraying the processed vegetables b pressed against the cutting edge by the i. It is driven via the transmission device g.

The leveling blade axis p has a structure similar to that of the rotary blade axis o, and is located in front of and above the rotary blade axis o, and with respect to the thickness of the processed vegetables b to be processed by the rotary blade axis o. In order to prevent it from becoming thicker than a certain amount, the thicker portion is processed in advance to reduce the load on the rotary blade axis o.

The leveling blade axis p is also driven via the transmission device g.

The shielding plate n supports the function of the leveling blade m described above, and controls the height of the load from the floor surface of the vegetables b to be processed transferred to the leveling blade axis p to a predetermined height. It has the function of scraping anything above it to keep it at a certain level. Specifically, a plate material having a width inscribed on both side walls of the packing box h of the vegetable processing chamber d and a height substantially corresponding to the height of both side walls is used as the shielding plate n, and both ends of the plate material are loaded into the packing box h. The pair of left and right arms q rotatably supported on the mouth c side are sandwiched and integrated by the tips. In this case, a hinge r for rotatably supporting the other end of the arm q is provided at a predetermined position above the both side walls of the vegetable processing chamber d, and is connected to this fulcrum r by a pin member. . Then, both ends of the hydraulic cylinder s are respectively hung over the side walls of the vegetable processing chamber d and the other hinges t and u provided on the arm q, and the arm q is rotated by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder s. , The shield plate n integrated with the arm q is moved up and down, and the surface of the vegetables b to be processed which is transferred under the shield is scraped to a predetermined height to reduce the load on the smoothing blade axis p. To do.

[0018]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 By the way, in the conventional compost spreader, in order to crush the vegetables b to be processed into a predetermined shape and evenly disperse the vegetables b, the amount of the vegetables b to be pressed against the rotary blade shaft o is kept constant as described above. As mentioned above, the leveling blades m and the shielding plate n were used, but this was originally configured so that the vegetables to be treated could be crushed to some extent by the impact force. It has been found that it is not possible to crush it to the extent that it can be ripened.

Therefore, the present invention effectively solves such a problem of the conventional compost spreader, crushes the vegetables to be processed into a certain shape and evenly spreads them in the field to promote ripening and germination. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new vegetable crusher having an excellent function of decomposing components.

[0020]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention forms a traveling carriage that is towed by a tractor and the like, and an opening provided on the traveling carriage to open the upper portion of the traveling truck and insert the vegetables to be treated. A vegetable processing chamber with a discharge port for discharging the crushed vegetables and a conveyor for transferring the vegetables to be processed, which have been input from the input port, to the discharge port and a predetermined interval A fixed blade that is hung across the fixed blade and the inside of this fixed blade that is positioned upstream of the discharge port and that is horizontally driven so that it can be rotationally driven and that is crushed by the conveyor that is to be processed. It is equipped with a rotating blade.

[0021]

[Action]

 In the vegetable processing room loaded on the vegetable crusher, the processed vegetables discharged to the outlet side by the conveyor are first smashed by the rotary blade, crushed, torn, thrown, and then received by the fixing force. It is finely crushed and then sprayed from the discharge port to the field. That is, the fixed blade according to the present invention divides the discharge port into a large number of openings suitable for the secondary crushing of the vegetables to be processed, and prevents the spraying of the vegetables to be processed exceeding a certain size, and by the secondary crushing. , Allowing the spraying of vegetables to be treated that have become smaller than a certain size.

[0022]

【Example】

 The present invention is an improvement of the rear pedestal k in the configuration of the conventional compost spreader a shown in FIG.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

The vegetable crusher 1 includes a traveling carriage 3 having a vegetable processing chamber 2 on a loading platform and a tractor (not shown) for being pulled by a tractor or the like provided in front of the traveling carriage 3 in the traveling direction. (Not shown) and a power transmission device 4 mechanically configured to be driven by being connected to a PTO shaft such as a tractor.

Specifically, the power transmission device 4 is configured to distribute an input shaft 4a directly connected to the PTO shaft and the output of the input shaft 4a to the left and right output shafts 4b and 4c. And a power transmission system (not shown) consisting of a chain and a sprocket for distributing the outputs of the left and right output shafts 4b and 4c to the drive shaft of the floor conveyor 6 and the rotary blade shaft 14, respectively. Has been done.

The vegetable processing chamber 2 also has a packing box 5 for storing vegetables to be processed, a floor conveyor 6 provided so as to form a floor surface of the packing box 5, and a rear side of the packing box 5 as in the conventional case. The rear pedestal 8 is supported on the side wall to form the discharge port 7, and the shield plate step 13 is provided on the rear side wall of the luggage box 5.

The floor conveyor 6 is also constructed by connecting a pair of left and right endless chains provided along the side wall of the packing box 5 with slats as in the conventional case, and via the transmission device 4 described above. Driven by the sprocket 21.

The rear pedestal 8 has a plurality of rotary blades 9 horizontally laid on the rear pedestal 8 for crushing and spraying the vegetables to be treated at a predetermined interval in the axial direction, and a ceiling of the rear pedestal 8 as well. A guide top plate 10 that forms a plate and guides the vegetables to be processed in the rotation direction of the rotary blade 9, a fall prevention plate 11 for a conveyed object that covers the rotary blade 9 from below, and a width direction of the discharge port 7. And a fixed blade 12 for crushing the vegetables to be processed together with the rotary blade 9 provided at a large distance.

The rotary blade shaft 14 is formed by planting a rotary blade 9 of a fan-shaped plate piece having a saw-toothed blade tip at its tip in a spiral shape on the outer periphery of the shaft at a predetermined interval. It is driven via the transmission device 4 described above.

The fall prevention plate 11 is a plate material that covers the lower outer peripheral portion of the rotary blade 9 in an arc shape while keeping a predetermined interval, and the discharge port side is rotatably supported by the side wall 19 of the rear pedestal 8. The end of the conveyor is detachably supported by a pin member on the side wall 20 of the rear frame 8.

Each fixed blade 12 is formed in an arcuate shape or an arc shape so as to concentrically cover the outer periphery of the rear portion of the rotary blade 9, and the upper and lower ends of the fixed blade 12 are attached to the rear pedestal 8. 8 is fixed to the support members 23 and 22 provided on the lower side of the discharge port 8 and on the discharge side of the guide top plate 10 through angles. The gap between the fixed blades 12 is determined by the connecting rod 24.

As in the conventional case, the shielding plate means 13 includes a shielding plate 13A having a width that inscribes on both side walls of the luggage box 5 and a height that substantially matches the height of both side walls, and a pair of left and right sides sandwiching the both side ends. Arms 15 and 15, a pair of left and right hinges 16 and 16 that rotatably support the arms 15 and 15 on the upper portions of both side walls of the packing box 5, and a predetermined pair of side walls of the packing box 5. It is composed of a shaft support portion provided at a position and a pressure cylinder 17 which is suspended around the shaft support portion provided at a predetermined position of the arm 15. The shield plate 13A integrated with the arm 15 is arranged so as to be located at the edge of the guide top plate 10 opposite to the discharge port.

The hydraulic pressure of the pressure cylinder 17 is supplied from a towing vehicle such as a tractor as in the conventional case.

Next, the operation of the embodiment will be described.

The vegetable crushing vehicle 1 loaded with the vegetables to be treated from the input port 1A by the cargo handling device or the like is towed to the field by a tractor or the like having a PTO shaft.

When the PTO shaft is driven after reaching the predetermined spraying point, the conveyor 6 and the rotary blade shaft 14 are activated. The floor conveyor 6 sequentially sends the vegetables to be processed contained in the packing box 5 to the rear vegetable processing chamber 2 having the discharge port 7.

Awaiting the vegetables to be processed transferred from the floor conveyor 6, the vegetables to be processed are swept from below by a rotary blade 9 and are torn and wound up obliquely above. Then, the vegetables are arranged behind the rotary blade shaft 14 in a comb shape. It is thrown to the arc-shaped fixed blade 12 and cut.

Among the vegetables to be treated which have been sprayed and cut by the fixed blades 12, only the vegetables to be treated which have been able to pass through the predetermined gap between the adjacent fixed blades 12 are scattered on the field. In other words, the present invention has made it possible to easily guarantee the shape of crushed vegetables to be below a certain level, which was very difficult in the past.

In this case, regarding the residual vegetables that cannot pass between the adjacent fixed blades 12, when the amount is small, the rotary blade 9 will eventually push out from between the fixed blades 12, or As the blade 9 rotates, it is circulated again in the vegetable processing chamber 2, so there is no problem even if it is left as it is.

However, when the amount of residual vegetables gradually increases and interferes with the rotation of the rotary blade 9, the number of vegetables to be treated that are difficult to crush is increasing, or the transfer amount of the floor conveyor 6 is excessive. This is the case, and the processing capacity is obviously insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the transfer amount of the floor conveyor 6. The transfer amount of the floor conveyor 6 is adjusted by adjusting the speed of the floor conveyor 6 through the transmission device 4, but the present invention also prepares the following options.

That is, in order to adjust the transfer amount of the vegetables to be treated more easily and speedily than before in response to the change in the grindability of the vegetables to be treated as described above, the amount of the vegetables to be treated on the conveyor passage is adjusted. The height is forcibly regulated directly by the shield plate 13A.

The shielding plate 13A has been conventionally used mainly for merely adjusting the amount of the vegetables to be processed toward the leveling blade m so that the amount of the vegetables to be processed is merely scratched. A. The amount of vegetables to be treated on the floor 6 is adjusted without any time delay, and problems such as a change in the bulk specific gravity of the vegetables to be treated on the floor conveyor 6, a change in the grindability, and a change in the fluidity occur. Even in the case of a situation, it is possible to quickly deal with it by one operation of the pressure cylinder 17.

Another advantage of using the shield plate 13A is that by lowering the shield plate 13A, a crushing chamber surrounded by the rotary blade 9, the shield plate 13A and the guide top plate 10 is formed. This means that the chances of hitting vegetables will increase and the grinding efficiency will increase.

When the amount of vegetables to be processed in the vegetable processing chamber 2 becomes small and the scattered objects hit by the rotary blade 9 scatter in an unnecessary direction, the shield plate 13A is simply lowered to regulate the scattering. It is useful for reflecting the processed vegetables that have been scattered well by the rotary blade 9 again.

As described above, as means for adjusting the crushing shape or spraying in the field, not only the raising / lowering operation of the shield plate 13A but also the adjustment of the transfer speed of the floor conveyor 6 are direct. The shape of the rotary blade shaft 14, the number of rotations of the rotary blade shaft 14, the shape of the fixed blade 12, the shape of the gap between the fixed blades 12 or the distance between the rotary blade shaft 14 and the fixed blade 12 may be adjusted.

As a means for adjusting the uniform spraying, it goes without saying that the speed of the towing vehicle of the vegetable crusher is adjusted.

In addition, the discharge port side of the fall prevention plate 11 is rotatably supported by the side wall 19 of the rear pedestal 8, and the conveyor end side is detachably supported by the pin member of the side wall 20 of the rear pedestal 8. Therefore, when the spraying work is completed, the pin member can be immediately removed in the field, the fall prevention plate 11 can be opened downward, and the residual vegetables around the rotary blade shaft 14 and the floor conveyor 6 can be removed and cleaned.

[0048]

[Effect of device]

 As is clear from the above description, the present invention produces the following excellent effects.

(1) Since the vegetables are crushed to a predetermined size that can be ripened and sprayed, it is possible to promote uniform ripening after soil pour or after stacking as a compost to promote germination. The disintegration of the fertilizer can be ensured and the fertilization effect can be improved.

(2) The conventional leveling blades can be eliminated, and the power cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a conventional vegetable crusher.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Vegetable Crusher 1A Input Port 2 Vegetable Processing Room 3 Traveling Vehicle 6 Conveyor 7 Discharge Port 8 Rear Frame 9 Rotating Blade 12 Fixed Blade 13A Shielding Plate

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A traveling trolley that is pulled by a tractor or the like to travel, and an opening provided on the traveling trolley to open an upper portion of the traveling trolley to insert vegetables to be treated and crushed rearward in the traveling direction. It has an outlet for discharging vegetables,
And the vegetable processing chamber having a conveyor for transferring the vegetables to be processed that have been input from the input port toward the discharge port, the fixed blade that is hung over the discharge port at a predetermined interval, and the inside of the fixed blade. A vegetable crusher provided with a rotary blade that is positioned upstream of the discharge port and horizontally rotatably driven so as to crush the vegetables to be processed transferred by the conveyor. 2. The vegetable crusher according to claim 1, further comprising a shield plate on the upper part of the conveyor for scraping the thickness of the vegetables to be processed transferred by the conveyor at a position before the rotary blade.