JPH06267196A - Device and method for encoding data, device and method decoding data and recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To rapidly and surely perform the search by generating an entry packet according to a detected entry point and inserting the entry packet immediately before the entry point. CONSTITUTION:A video signal is compressed and encoded by a video encoder to be stored in a code buffer 4, and to be supplied to a video entry point detection circuit 31 in a multiplex device 3, and a video entry point signal is generated. Then, by a controller 8, the entry packet generated by an entry packet generation circuit 32 according to the entry point signal is inserted immediately before the entry point to be supplied to the terminal E3 of a switching circuit 6, and the code buffer 4, time division data and the packet are multiplexed. The rapid and sure search is performed by using the video point. Further, a matter that a flag shoving the validity of the entry point is recorded on the corresponding packet, and a packet length is revised is possible also. Further, decoding is performed similarly.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a data coding apparatus and method, and a data coding apparatus, which are suitable for use in the case of compressing a moving image and audio and time-division multiplex-recording on a disk and searching a predetermined image at high speed The present invention relates to a decoding device and method, and a recording medium.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Examples of conventional encoders and decoders are shown in FIGS. In FIG. 6, the video signal is compressed and encoded by the video encoder 1 and input to the code buffer 4 in the multiplexing device 3. Also, the audio signal is audio encoder 2
Is compressed and encoded by
It is input to the code buffer 5 of the multiplexer 3.

The output terminals of the code buffers 4 and 5 are connected to the input terminals E1 and E2 of the switching circuit 6, respectively. The output terminal F of the switching circuit 6 is connected to the input terminal of the header adding circuit 7. The output of the header adding circuit 7 is supplied to a recording medium driving device (DSM) 10 including, for example, a magneto-optical disk or a magnetic disk (hard disk). The control device 8 receives the input of the system clock output from the multiplex system clock generation circuit 9 and sequentially connects the input terminals E1 and E2 of the switching circuit 6 with the output terminal F at a predetermined cycle to set the code buffer. The data from 4 or 5 are sequentially taken out and time division multiplexed.

The controller 8 controls the switching circuit 6 and the header adding circuit 7 so that a bit stream is generated according to the format shown in FIG.

That is, as shown in FIG. 8, ISO11172 (MPEG)
In the multiplexing method of, one multiplexed bit stream is
One or more PACKs and one ISO_11172_en
It consists of d_code. ISO _ 11172 _end _code is
It is a code of 32 bits and is 0x000001b9 when expressed in hexadecimal. Here x means indefinite.

One pack is Pack_Start_Code, SC
It consists of a header consisting of R (System Clock Referece) and MUX_Rate, and one or more packets. The Hexda Pack_Start_Code is a 32-bit code, 1
When expressed in hexadecimal, it is 0x000001b4. The length of the pack is defined as a variable length, but the maximum length is 2048 bytes.

[0007] One packet is Packet_Start_Code
_Prefix, Stream_ID, Packet_length, PTS (Presenta
option time stamp) and header (DTS (Decoding Time Stamp)), and packet data (Code Data). Packet_Start_Code_Prefix is 0x000001 with a code of 24 bits. Stream_ID is a code of 8 bits and represents the type of packet as shown in FIG. Packet
_Length (16 bits) indicates the length of the packet after that.

In the Code Data of each packet, audio data (audio stream) or video data (video stream) is recorded. Also, audio st
32 types of ream and 16 types of video stream different st
Since it has a ream id, it is possible to multiplex multiple audio and video signals up to this number.

[0009] The reserved stream has data such as subtitles. private _stream_1 and private _stream
The usage of _2 is not specified. padding_stream is used to increase the amount of data.

In accordance with the above format, the control device 8 performs header addition and code reading processing using an algorithm such as that shown in FIG. 10 so that the pack interval becomes 2048 bytes.

First, the control unit 8 controls the header adding circuit 7
To add a pack header (step S
1). Then, the process waits until the sum of M4 and M5 becomes equal to or larger than the code data amount D contained in one pack (step S2). That is, it waits until the data to be stored in one pack is accumulated in the code buffers 4 and 5.

Here, M4 is the amount of data written in the code buffer 4, and M5 is the amount of data written in the code buffer 5. D indicates the total amount of data contained in one pack. Here, for simplification, D is a constant, that is, the size of the pack (2048), and the size of the pack header, the size of the video packet header, and the size of the audio packet header are subtracted.

Next, the amount P1 of video data stored in the pack and the amount P of audio data stored in the pack.
2 is calculated according to the following equation (step 3). P1 = D
× M4 / (M4 + M5) P2 = D-P1 Here, the total amount D of the code data included in the pack is simply distributed by the ratio of the data amounts of the code buffers 4 and 5.

When the data amount is determined, the control device 8 commands the header adding circuit 7 to output the video packet header (step S4). Next, P1 byte video data is read from the code buffer 4 and output to the drive unit 10 (step S5). Similarly, an audio packet header is added (step S6), P2 bytes of audio data are read from the code buffer 5 and output to the drive unit 10 (step S7). In the drive device 10, these input data are recorded on a built-in disk.

The data thus recorded on the disk is decoded by the decoding device shown in FIG. That is, the header separation circuit 22 of the separation device 21 separates the packet header and the packet header from the data read from the drive device 10 and supplies them to the control device 24, and the time-division multiplexed data is input to the switching circuit 23. Supply to terminal G. The output terminals H1 and H2 of the switching circuit 23 are connected to the input terminals of a video decoder 25 and an audio decoder 26, respectively. The control device 24 of the separation device 21 sequentially connects the input terminal G and the output terminals H1 and H2 of the switching circuit 23 in accordance with the stream id of the packet header supplied from the header separation circuit 22, and outputs the time division multiplexed data. Properly separate and feed to the corresponding decoder.

In this way, the multiplexed video data is M
When compressed by the PEG coding method, there are restrictions on random access and search operations. That is, MPE
G has an intra-frame coding picture (I (intra) picture) and an inter-frame coding picture (P (forward prediction) picture, B (bidirectional prediction) picture). Since the I-picture is encoded using only the data within the image (frame or field), the data compression efficiency is low. It is possible to decode this I-picture itself. The P picture and the B picture are obtained by encoding the differential signals from the preceding and succeeding pictures, so that the data compression efficiency is high. To decode this P-picture or B-picture, a predicted image before or after that is required. For this reason, usually about 2 I-pictures appear per second,
It balances random accessibility and compression efficiency.

FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram of a bit stream including I-picture, P-picture and B-picture recorded on the disk by the drive unit 10. A series of video bitstreams can contain one or more GOPs (Group of Pict
ures). GOP has an I picture at the beginning. When the video data is compressed at a fixed rate, the I-picture appears periodically at a predetermined position, so that the position can be calculated and accessed. However, when variable rate compression is performed, the position of the I-picture is undefined, making it difficult to access.

That is, in the multiplexed data decoding apparatus shown in FIG. 7, when a search command is received, a main controller (not shown) switches the controller 24, the video decoder 25 and the audio decoder 26 to the search mode. Command the transition. In the search mode, the video decoder 25 decodes only I-picture data from the input video data. Alternatively, only the I-picture data is selected by the separating device 21 and input to the video decoder 25. The video decoder 25 decodes the input data.

In the search mode, the control unit 24 commands the drive unit 10 to move the data read position on the disk forward (or backward). The movement amount of the read position at this time depends on the search speed, the coding rate, and the like, but generally, the higher the search speed and the higher the coding rate, the larger the movement amount. When the read position moves to a predetermined position, the data output from the driving device 10 is input to the separating device 21. The header separation circuit 22 separates the video data and supplies it to the video decoder 25. The video decoder 25 decodes the first appearing I picture and outputs it. In the search mode, the audio decoder 26 is set to the miute state.

In this way, the search operation (continuous I-picture reproduction) is realized by repeating random access. That is, when the user instructs, for example, a high-speed forward search, the video decoder 25 skips a predetermined number of frames of the input data and skips I
Look for a picture, decode it, and output it. Alternatively, the drive unit 10 searches for an I-picture and only the I-picture data is supplied to the video decoder 25 and decoded. By repeating such an operation, a search operation (continuous I-picture playback) is realized.

[0021]

As described above, in the conventional device, the position of the I-picture (access point) is set.
Therefore, it is necessary to wait for the access point after moving the reproduction position to some extent. Therefore, the search operation repeat cycle becomes longer,
There is a problem that a quick search operation becomes difficult.

The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and is to quickly find an access point of video data and enable a quick search.

[0023]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a data encoding device, wherein a video encoder 1 as encoding means for encoding variable rate data and an entry corresponding to an entry point as an access point. A video entry point detection circuit 31 as a signal generation means for generating a point signal, an entry packet generation circuit 32 as an entry packet generation means for generating an entry packet corresponding to the entry point signal, and an entry packet. And a switching circuit 6 as a multiplexing means for multiplexing variable rate data.

The switching circuit 6 can multiplex the entry packet immediately before the entry point. Further, when the variable rate data is video data, the entry packet can be multiplexed immediately before the I-picture.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a data encoding method, wherein variable rate data is accumulated, and when a point to be accessed occurs during a period during which variable rate data is accumulated, an entry point is generated. When the accumulated variable rate data reaches a predetermined amount, it is determined whether or not there is an entry point in the accumulation period. When it is determined that there is an entry point in the accumulation period, the entry packet immediately before the entry point is determined. Is generated and multiplexed with variable rate data.

When the multiplexed data is recorded on a disk serving as a recording medium and the multiplexed data is recorded on the disk, the entry point, if any, is stored, and the recording of the entry packet on the disk is completed. After that, the stored entry point data can be recorded in the entry packet recorded on the disk.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a data decoding device comprising a disk as a recording medium in which variable rate data and entry points corresponding to points to which the variable rate data should be accessed are recorded as an entry packet. In a data decoding device for decoding reproduced data, a header separating circuit 22 as a separating means for separating variable rate data and an entry packet from the data reproduced from the disk, and a header separating circuit 22 are used. A video decoder 25 as a decoding means for decoding the separated variable rate data, and a header separation circuit 2
A control device 24 as a control means for controlling the access position of the disk corresponding to the entry packets separated by 2.

This data decoding device is further provided with an entry point storage device 41 as a storage means for storing the entry points reproduced from the disk, and when the search is instructed, the control device 24 causes the entry point storage device to operate. It is possible to read the entry point from 41 and access the position corresponding to the entry point of the disk.

The control device 24 can control the access position so as to access different entry points among the entry points according to the speed of the search.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, variable rate data is recorded in units of packets, and the packet is a recording medium composed of a plurality of packets. The packet is immediately before the packet of the variable rate data. Is characterized in that an entry packet indicating an entry point as an access point is arranged.

[0031]

In the data encoding device according to the first aspect, the entry packet generated corresponding to the entry point signal is multiplexed with the variable rate data. Therefore, it becomes possible to quickly search for predetermined data corresponding to this entry packet.

In the data encoding method according to the fourth aspect, when a point to be accessed occurs during the period of accumulating the variable rate data, an entry point is generated and the accumulated variable rate data is stored. When a predetermined amount is reached, it is determined whether or not there is an entry point in the accumulation period, and immediately before the entry point, the entry packet is multiplexed with the variable rate data. Therefore, the entry packet can be surely multiplexed at a predetermined position.

In the data decoding apparatus according to the sixth aspect, the variable rate data and the entry packet are separated from the data reproduced from the disk, and the disk of the disk corresponding to the separated entry packet is separated. Access location is controlled. Therefore, a quick search becomes possible.

In the recording medium of the ninth aspect, an entry packet indicating an entry point as an access point is arranged immediately before the packet of variable rate data. Therefore, it is possible to quickly search for predetermined data using this entry packet.

[0035]

1 and 2 are block diagrams showing the configuration of an embodiment of a data encoding apparatus and a data decoding apparatus according to the present invention. The same components as those in FIGS. 6 and 7 are not shown. The same reference numerals are attached.

In the encoding device of FIG. 1, the output terminal of the video encoder 1 is the video entry point detection circuit 31.
Of the code buffer 4 and its output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the code buffer 4. The entry packet generation circuit 32 receives the control input of the control device 8 and supplies its output to the input terminal E3 of the switching circuit 6. Further, the control device 8 receives the input of the system clock output from the multiplex system clock generation circuit 9, and receives the input terminals E1 and E1 of the switching circuit 6 at a predetermined cycle.
E2 and E3 are sequentially connected to the output terminal F, and the data are sequentially taken out from the code buffers 4 and 5 or the entry packet generating circuit 32, time division multiplexed and output to the header adding circuit 7.

The control device 8 also controls the header adding circuit 7 to add a video packet header to the video data read from the code buffer 4. Also, an audio packet header is added to the audio data read from the code buffer 5.

Further, the control device 8 receives the I from the video encoder 1 or the video entry point detection circuit 31.
The entry packet generation circuit 3 receives the input of the entry point generation signal generated at the picture generation timing.
2 is controlled to insert an entry packet at a predetermined position in the bit stream. When the video encoder 1 is configured so as to be able to output the entry point generation signal, the video encoder 1 outputs the entry point generation signal at the timing of generation of the I picture.

In the case where the video encoder 1 cannot output an entry point generation signal,
When multiplexing the already encoded video bit stream, the video entry point detection circuit 31 generates an entry point generation signal at the timing of generation of the I picture or an entry is made from the video data input from the video encoder 1. The point is detected and the entry point generation signal is output. The entry point storage device 33 is a memory that can be read and written by the control device 8 and stores the position of the detected entry point. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.

Also in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the multiplexed bit stream contains at least one pack and ISO--
11172_end_code. Each pack is composed of a format as shown in FIG. 3, for example.

That is, first, as in the case of FIG. 8, it consists of Pack_Start_Code, SCR, and MUX_Rate.
Pack_Header is placed, then Video_Pa
cket_Header is further followed by video data not including I picture in a packet structure. Entry_Packet is next to the video data, and Vi is next.
deo_Packet_Header is further arranged, and video data including an I picture is arranged next to the deo_Packet_Header in a packet structure. That is, immediately before the video data including the I picture (entry point) (immediately before Video_Packet_Header)
Entry_Packet is arranged in this field. In the case of this embodiment, next to the video data,
Audio_Packet_Header and audio data having a packet structure are sequentially arranged next to the Audio_Packet_Header.

Entry_Packet is the entry packet
The format is shown in FIG. This format is private_stream_of MPEG packets.
It corresponds to the format of the second packet. Packet_Start_Code_Prefix is placed at the head, and stream_id that is 0xbf in hexadecimal is placed next. Next is the length of the packet that follows.
length is placed. The above arrangement is shown in FIG.
Similar to the case of packet header.

In this embodiment, next, sony_id is arranged. This indicates that this private packet is the applicant's own format.
Next, a sony_packet_type is arranged, which indicates the classification in the applicant's own private packet format, and is 0xff in the case of an entry packet. Furthermore, the current _ #
data_streams, current _ # _video _streams, cu
rrent _ # _ audio_streams represents the number of data packets, video packets, and audio packets that are multiplexed from immediately after this entry packet to immediately before the next entry packet.

Further next, entry_packet_-3,
entry_packet_2, entry_packet_1, entry_pa
cket_ + 1, entry _packet_ + 2, and entry _packet_ + 3 are sequentially arranged, and these are three front, two front, one front, one front, two fronts, three fronts entry packet, respectively. And the relative distance between these positions and the entry packets are represented by the number of sectors of the disk driven by the driving device 10.

Next, the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be described. The controller 8 receives the entry point generation signal from the video encoder 1 or the video entry point detection circuit 31 and inserts the entry packet immediately before the video entry point (FIG. 3). That is, when the entry point generation signal is received, the entry packet generation circuit 32 generates an entry packet, the switching circuit 6 is switched to the input terminal E3 side, and the switching circuit 6 is supplied to the header adding circuit 7 to supply the code buffer. It is multiplexed with video data and audio data from 4,5.

As shown in FIG. 4, each entry packet has three entries, two entries, and three entries before the entry packet.
The positions of the entry packets one before, one ahead, two ahead, and three ahead are entry_packet_-3 and entry_packet.
_-2, entry _packet_-1, entry _packet_ + 1, entr
It is recorded in y_packet_ + 2 and entry_packet_ + 3, respectively. The positions of the entry packets in the front (past) (three in front, two in front, and one in front) are stored in the entry point storage device 33 so that the current entry packet can be stored at the time of recording. Can be known (thus, at this timing, it can be supplied to the driving device 10 and can be recorded on the disk, if necessary).

However, the position of the previous (future) entry packet cannot be known at this time. Therefore, the control device 8 stores all the positions of the entry points in the entry point storage device 33, and after all the multiplexing is completed (after the recording of the video data and audio data to the disk of the bit stream is completed, ), Read the position of the entry packet three front, two front, one front, one front, two fronts, and three fronts of each entry packet from the entry point storage device 33, and drive this. The data is supplied to the device 10 and recorded (additionally recorded) in each entry packet on the disk.

Further, the video encoder 1 and the audio encoder 2 respectively code the video signal and the audio signal at a variable rate, but the control device 8 controls the header adding circuit 7 so that the pack interval becomes 2048 bytes. Add a pack head so that For this reason, the control device 8 controls the processes of header addition, code reading, and entry packet insertion using the algorithm shown in FIG. 5, for example.

Here, as in the case of the processing of FIG. 10, M4 is the amount of data stored in the code buffer 4, and M5 is the amount of data stored in the code buffer 5. D indicates the total amount of data contained in one pack. Here, for simplification, let D be a constant, that is, the size of the pack (2048) minus the size of the pack header, the size of the video packet header, and the size of the audio packet header. Also,
D2 indicates the total amount of data in the pack including the entry packet. That is, the size of the entry packet and the size of the video packet header are subtracted from D.

First, the control unit 8 determines the header adding circuit 7
To add a pack header (step S1
1). Then, the process waits until the sum of M4 and M5 becomes equal to or larger than the amount D of the code data included in one pack (step S12). That is, it waits until the data to be stored in one pack is accumulated in the code buffers 4 and 5.

Next, the amount P1 of video data contained in the pack and the amount P of audio data contained in the pack.
2 is calculated from the following equation (step S13). P1, P
Reference numeral 2 indicates that the total amount D of the code data included in the pack is distributed by the ratio of the data amounts M4 and M5 of the code buffers 4 and 5. P1 = D × M4 / (M4 + M5) P2 = D-P1

Next, the control unit 8 controls the M4 data by
It is confirmed whether or not the data up to the first P1 byte has a video entry point (step S14). If the video entry point is not included in the pack, the controller 8 instructs the header adding circuit 7 to output the video packet header (step S15). Next, P1 byte video data is read from the code buffer 4 and output to the drive unit 10 (step S16). Similarly, add audio packet header (step S17),
The P2 byte audio data is read from the code buffer 5 and output to the drive unit 10 (step S1).
8).

When the video entry point is not included in the pack, the above processing is repeated. This processing is similar to the processing in the case of FIG.

On the other hand, when a video entry point is included in the pack, the control device 8 first stores the current position of the pack in the entry point storage device 33. Then, the amount P1 of video data and the amount P2 of audio data contained in the pack are calculated according to the following equations (step S19). P1 = D2.times.M4 / (M4 + M5) P2 = D2-P1 After performing the operation in step S13, the same operation is further performed here because the entry packet is included in the pack, the data capacity is small. Because it will be.
Here, P1 and P2 use D2 for each code buffer 4, 5
It is assumed that the data amount is distributed by the ratio of the data amounts M4 and M5.

Next, the video packet header is output from the header adding circuit 7 to the drive unit 10 (step S2).
0), and subsequently the video data up to immediately before the video entry point is driven by the path of the video encoder 1, the video entry point detection circuit 31, the code buffer 4, the input terminal E1 of the switching circuit 6, the output terminal F, and the header addition circuit 7. It is output to 10 and recorded on the disk (step S21). Next, the entry packet generation circuit 32 outputs the entry packet and records it on the disk (step S22). However, at this time, the relative position information of the entry packet is not yet written to the disk.

Thereafter, the video packet header is output and recorded again (step S23), and the remaining video data is output and recorded (step S24). Then, in steps S17 and S18, the audio packet header is added and the P2 byte audio data is recorded.

When the input to the video encoder 1 and the audio encoder 2 is stopped by repeating the algorithm of FIG. 5, the position data is written in the entry packet already recorded on the disk. That is, the control device 8 reads out the position of the pack including the entry packet from the entry point storage device 33, and sets the position of the pack including three entry packets before and after each entry packet of the disk of the drive unit 10. Let me write.

An apparatus for decoding the data encoded in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The header separation circuit 22 of the separation device 21 separates the packet header, the packet header, and the entry packet from the data read from the drive device 10 and supplies the separated data to the control device 24, and the time-division multiplexed data is switched by the switching circuit 23. Is supplied to the input terminal G of. The output terminals H1 and H2 of the switching circuit 23 are connected to the input terminals of a video decoder 25 and an audio decoder 26, respectively.

Further, the control unit 24 includes a header separation circuit 22.
Information about the entry point (entry packet information) is read from the input data, supplied to the entry point storage device 41, and stored therein. Since information on the current read position is supplied from the drive device 10 to the control device 24, the control device 24 can store the position of the entry point and its contents in association with each other.

The controller 24 of the separating device 21 controls the stream id of the packet header supplied from the header separating circuit 22.
Accordingly, the input terminal G and the output terminals H1 and H2 of the switching circuit 23 are sequentially connected to correctly separate the time-division multiplexed data, and the video data is sent to the video decoder 25 and the audio data is sent to the audio decoder 26.
To supply respectively.

Next, the operation of the multiplexed data decoding apparatus of FIG. 2 when a search operation is instructed will be described. When the search operation is instructed, the main controller (not shown) controls the controller 24, the video decoder 25, and the audio decoder 26.
To the search mode. Further, the control device 24 reads the current read position from the output of the drive device 10 and extracts the entry point near that position from the entry point storage device 41. The entry point storage device 41 stores the information of the entry packet reproduced in the reproduction mode as needed. Alternatively, when the power of the device is turned on, when the disc is mounted, when reproduction is instructed, at a predetermined timing, all or a predetermined range recorded in the disc mounted in the drive device 10 The information of the entry packet can be read out and stored in advance.

When the control device 24 obtains the entry point, it sends a search command to the drive device 10 to move the read position to the entry point at high speed. When the movement is completed, the driving device 10 reproduces the data from the entry point and supplies the data to the separating device 21. As described with reference to FIG. 3, the entry packet is arranged immediately before the video data in which the I picture is recorded. Therefore, when the header separation circuit 22 separates the video data following the entry packet and supplies it to the video decoder 25, the first picture of this video data is the I picture. The video decoder 25 immediately decodes the first appearing I picture and outputs it. In the search mode, the audio decoder 26 is set to the miute state.

Since the position information of three entry points is recorded in each of the front and rear in the entry packet,
The control device 24 searches for the next entry packet from the position information and repeats the operation of reproducing. As a result, the I pictures are rapidly and successively reproduced.

When the search speed is high, the control device 24 makes access to a farther entry point, and when the search speed is slow, makes it access a closer entry point. Since three entry points are recorded in each of the forward direction and the reverse direction, the search speed can be varied in three or more stages depending on the combination of the entry points to be selected.

As described above, when the entry packet is first sent to the drive unit 10, since it is not possible to know the position of the entry packet at the previous position (future), the control unit 8 does not know all the positions. After the multiplexing is completed, the position information of the entry packet, entry_packet_ + is used by using the information recorded in the entry point storage device 33.
1, entry_packet_ + 2 and entry_packet_ + 3 are added to the entry packet in the multiplexed bit stream of the activation device 10.

However, when the capacity of the entry point storage device 33 is sufficient or not at all, the position information of the entry packet at the previous position cannot be held sufficiently or at all, so that the multiplexed bit stream recorded in the driving device 10 cannot be stored. Cannot be added to the entry packet of. If there is no capacity in the entry packet storage device 33, when the entry packet is first sent to the drive device 33, the position information of the entry packet at the previous position, entry_
packet_-3, entry_packet_2, entry_packet_1
Can not write. In such a case, the value contained in the position information of the entry packet in the completed multiplexed bit stream cannot be predicted, so unexpected operation may occur when searching based on such a value. There is a nature.

Therefore, a flag indicating the validity of the position information of the entry packet is provided. Specifically, the format of the entry packet generated from the entry packet generating circuit 32 is set to the format shown in FIG. 12 or 13. The format of FIG. 12 is a method of expressing the validity of the position information of all the entry points included in the entry packet by one 1-bit flag, and in the case of FIG. 13, a flag indicating the validity of each entry point. Is a method of adding.

When the entry packet of the format shown in FIG. 12 is used, the position information of the entry packet cannot be completely written at the stage of multiplexing and first sending the multiplexed bit stream to the drive unit 10. The valid flag of the packet position information, Enable Flag, is set to 0, which means “invalid”, and is recorded in the drive unit 10. After recording all the multiplexed data, the position information of the entry packet recorded in the entry point recording device 33 is used to additionally write to the entry packet. For, the control device 8 updates Enable Flag in the entry packet to 1 which means "valid".

When the entry packet of the format shown in FIG. 13 is used, Enable Flag -3 to Enable are enabled at the stage of multiplexing and first transmitting the multiplexed bit stream to the drive unit 10.
Of the valid flags of Flag + 3, the valid flag corresponding to the position information that could be written is set to 1 indicating "valid", and the valid flag corresponding to the position information that could not be written is "invalid". Is set to 0 and is recorded in the driving device 10. After recording all the multiplexed data, the control device 8 uses the position information of the entry packet recorded in the entry point recording device 33 to additionally write to the entry packet, and the control device 8 For information, update the corresponding valid flag to 1 which means "valid".

In FIG. 13, enable_flag_N and en
Considering try _packet_N (-3 ≤ N ≤ +3) as a continuous bit string and expressing that this bit string represents a single number, instead of providing the position information valid flag of the entry packet,
The entry packet position information itself is equivalent to expressing the validity of the value. That is, when valid position information cannot be written, a value equivalent to a position information valid flag can be realized by writing a value in a specific range or an invalid value as the position information. When a specific value is written in the position information of the entry packet to indicate that each entry point is invalid, it is possible to provide a plurality of specific values indicating invalidity. For example, if the entry point information is invalid because it simply failed to record the entry point location information, and if the reading position is intentionally prohibited from moving to that entry point, different values are used. It is possible to notify the multiplexed data decoding device by writing in the entry packet.

Next, as shown in FIG. 12 or FIG.
A multiplexed data decoding device that performs a search operation using the entry packet position information valid flag will be described with reference to FIG. The control device 24 supplies the entry packet information read by the header separation circuit 22 to the entry point storage device 41 and stores it therein. At this time, as shown in FIG. 12 or 13, when the entry packet position information valid flag is added to the entry packet, the control device 24 includes the flag and the entry packet point storage device 41. And the entry point storage device 41 stores it.

When the search operation is instructed, the main controller (not shown) commands the controller 24, the video decoder 25 and the audio decoder 26 to transit to the search mode. The control device 24 instructs the drive device 10 to perform a search operation based on the current read position information read from the output of the drive device 10 and the position information of the entry packet read from the entry point storage device 41. Get the read position. At this time, the control device 24 determines the validity of the position information of the entry packet from the entry point storage device 41, and does not instruct the drive device 10 to perform the search operation for the invalid entry point. Or from the position information of other entry points, etc., if the position of the entry point can be calculated by interpolation, estimation, etc., the position of the entry point obtained in that way,
The drive device 10 can also be searched.

Entry_pa of the entry packet shown in FIG.
cket_-3, entry_packet_2, entry_packet_1,
entry _packet_ + 1, entry _packet_ + 2, entry _pa
In cket_ + 3, the relative positions of the entry points 3 front, 2 front, 1 front, 1 forward, 2 forward, 3 forward of the entry packet are recorded (by sector number). , The relative position of the entry point written here is not always -3, -2, -1, + 1, + 2, + with respect to the entry packet.
It does not have to be the position of the entry point at position 3,
You can also record the relative position of any entry packet, for example -25, -8, -1, + 1, + 5, + 20.

Thus, the relative position of the entry point to be written can be changed for each recording device and for each multiplexed data according to various characteristics such as the type of recording medium, the signal format of the multiplexed bit stream, the characteristics of the video or audio data to be multiplexed. , The search speed can be adjusted by changing it for each entry packet. For example, in a multiplexed bit stream defined by ISO11172 (MPEG), the number of pictures from I picture to the next I picture is variable. In such a case, the entry packet will always have -3, -2, -1, + 1,
When the entry points at the positions of +2 and +3 are written, the search playback speed relative to the real-time playback will change in a bit stream with different numbers of I-pictures, but the number of pictures between I-pictures will be different. Correspondingly, by varying the relative position of the entry point and recording it in the entry packet, the search speed is adjusted to realize a constant search / playback speed between bit streams having different numbers of I-pictures. You can

The relative position of the entry point to be written in the position information of the entry packet is always the position of the entry point of -3, -2, -1, +1, +2, +3 with respect to the entry packet. Need not be, for example -25, -8, -1, + 1, +
It is possible to record the relative position of any entry packet, such as 5, + 20, but when performing special playback such as forward / backward slow playback operation or frame advance playback operation,
In some cases, the entry point positions of the front and rear -1, + 1 positions may be required.

Therefore, with respect to a bit stream that requires such special reproduction, entry_packet_-1, en
It is also possible to place restrictions on the entry point positions recorded in try_packet_ + 1 so that the entry point positions of the front and rear −1, + 1 positions are written. As described above, when recording the position information of an arbitrary number of points ahead or before in the entry packet, for example, -25, -8, -1, + 1, + 5, + 20 In the case where the relative position of the previous entry packet is recorded, if the entry packet of the format shown in FIG. 4 is used, those are freely written in the multiplexed data decoding as shown in FIG. It is not possible to determine how many entry point location information relates to the location information of the previous or previous entry point. Therefore, there is a problem that it is not possible to predict how much search speed can be realized when the relative position information is used for the search operation.

Therefore, the entry packet has a format as shown in FIG. 19, and entry_packet_-3, entry_pack is used.
et_-2, en try_packet_-1, entry _packet_ + 1, en
Information indicating how many times before or after the entry_packet_ + 3 and entry_packet_ + 3 indicate the position of the entry point or the entry point, Entry Point Position -3 and Entry Point Posi, respectively.
tion -2, Entry Point Position -1, Entry Point Po
sition +1, Entry Point Positi on +2, Entry Point
Position +3 can also be recorded in the entry packet.

For example, entry_packet_-3, entry_pa
cket_2, entry _packet_-1, entry_packet_ + 1, e
To record the position information of the entry points -25, -8, -1, + 1, + 5, + 20 ahead in ntry _packet_ + 2 and entry _packet_ + 3 respectively, Entry Point Position -3
, Entry Point Position -2, Entry Point Position
-1, Entry Point Position + 1, Entry Point Positio
n +2, Entry Point Position +3 respectively, -25, -8,-
Record as 1, + 1, + 5, + 20. This Entry Point Positi
The operation of the multiplexed data decoding device shown in FIG. 2 when a search is performed using information from on -3 to +3 will be described.

The main control unit (not shown) is the control unit 24.
, The target value of the search speed is given to instruct the search operation. The header separation circuit 22 determines the entry packet from the multiplexed bit stream sent from the DSM 10 and sends the contents of the entry packet to the control device 24.
The control device 24 uses the Entry Poin in the entry packet.
t Position -3, Entry Point Position -2, Entry Po
int Position -1, Entry Point Position +1, Entry
From Point Positi on +2 and Entry Point Position +3, select the one that realizes the speed closest to the search speed instructed by the main control unit (not shown), and enter the position information of the corresponding entry point in the entry_packet_ -3, entry _
packet_2, entry_packet_1, entry_packet_ +
Obtained from 1, entry_packet_ + 2, entry_packet_ + 3. The control device 24 uses the position information of the entry point thus selected to instruct the DSM 10 to perform the search operation to the next entry point.

As described above, by using the information indicating how many or a number of previous entry points the position information of each entry point is, an entry point that realizes the closest search speed to any desired search speed is obtained. Location information can be selected. The entry packet has the format shown in FIG. 14, and the size of the I-picture data immediately after the entry point is I-picture lengt.
It is also possible to record h, or the position I-picture END sector-No. of the pack where the end of the data of the I picture is multiplexed, or both in the entry packet.

FIG. 15 shows I-picture length and I-picture EN.
The structure of the multiplexing device for recording the D sector-No. In the entry packet is shown. The I-picture end point detection circuit 51 has a function of finding the end of the I-picture data from the bit stream sent from the video encoder 1 and notifying the position to the control device 8. The entry point storage device 33 stores the position of the entry packet and the value of the entry point (entr written in the entry packet.
y _packet_-3, entry _packet_2, ..., entry _p
acket_ + 3), the position information I-picture END of the pack in which the length of the I-picture data immediately following the entry packet and the end of the data of the I-picture are multiplexed. Has a function to retain sector-No. The other functions of the block are the same as those in FIG.

The controller 8 determines the position of the entry point and the position of the end point of the I-picture data immediately following the entry point from the video encoder 1, the video entry point detection circuit 31, and the I-picture end point detection circuit 51. To detect. Since the position of the entry point is the position of the start point of the I-picture data, the control device 8
By calculating the difference between the position of the end point of the picture data and the position of the entry point, the I-picture length of the I picture data is calculated.

Since the length of the I-picture data may be larger than the storage capacity of the code buffer 4, when the entry packets are multiplexed and written in the drive circuit 10, the I-picture data to be written in the entry packet is written. The data length I-picture length may not be calculated yet. In such a case, 0 or a specific value indicating uncalculated is written in the I-picture length portion of the entry packet and recorded in the drive unit 10. The control device 8 records the I-picture length of the I-picture data in the entry point storage device 33 at the time when the length of the I-picture data is calculated, and adds the entry packet later. Sometimes I-picture on the drive unit 10.
Supply and record a value for length.

Further, the position I-pictureEND sector-No. Of the end of the pack where the I-picture data is multiplexed is obtained as follows. The control device 8 controls the amount of data M stored in the code buffer 4 and the code buffer 5.
4, M5 multiplexes the data according to the algorithm shown in FIG. 5, in which the controller 8 separates the video of the pack for each pack, apart from the processing described in the algorithm shown in FIG. It is determined whether the data includes the end point of I picture. When the pack includes the end point of the I-picture data, the control device 8 records the position of the pack in the entry point storage device 33. When recording in the entry point storage device 33,
The data is stored so that it can correspond to the data written in the entry packet multiplexed immediately before the I picture.

The position I-picture END sector-No. Of the pack, which is recorded in the entry point storage device 33 and includes the end position of the I-picture data, is the same as the I-picture length I-piture length. When additional writing of the entry packet is performed, the value is supplied to the driving device 10 and is recorded. At this time, the I-picture END sector-No. Is a relative distance from the position of the pack where the multiplexing of the I-picture data is started, that is, the relative distance from the position of the multiplexed pack of the entry packet. Written in.

Next, an example of a multiplexed data decoding apparatus for performing a high speed search using the I-picture END sector-No. Written in the entry packet in this way will be described with reference to FIG. To do. The video decoder based on ISO11172 (MPEG) has a video code buffer inside the decoder in order to guarantee the decoding operation even for bit streams in which the amount of data differs for each picture. The bit stream that has entered the video decoder 25 is first stored in this video code buffer and then decoded at the required timing.

Conventionally, since the I picture is continuously reproduced, the control device 24 monitors whether the decoding of the I picture by the video decoder 25 is completed, and after confirming the completion of the decoding, issues a search command for the next I picture. , Drive unit 10
I was doing the action to. At this time, if the video decoder 25 has a video code buffer,
At the stage when the decoding section of the video decoder 25 finishes decoding the I-picture, the video code buffer of the video decoder 25 stores P and B picture data multiplexed after the I-picture. Although the data is not decoded, the driving device 1
It is being read from 0. In many cases, the search speed is dominated by the time required to read the data from the driving device 10 rather than the time required for the video decoder 25 to decode, so that the search speed is reduced by the unnecessary loading of P and B pictures. .

I-pi written in the entry packet
By using the cture END sector-No. information, the amount of unnecessary P and B pictures read out is minimized, and the I picture data to be displayed next is stored in the video code buffer in the video decoder 25. Since it can be read in advance, in a multiplexed data demultiplexer in which the search speed is governed by the read speed from the drive device 10,
A faster search operation can be realized.

During the search operation, the control device 24 commands the drive device 10 to perform a search based on the information recorded in the entry point storage device 41. Drive device 10
Sends the multiplexed bit stream from the specified position to the header separation circuit 22. When an entry packet is detected in the transmitted multiplexed bit stream, the header demultiplexing circuit issues an interrupt to the control unit 24 to notify it. In response to this interrupt, the control device 24 reads the current read position information from the drive device 10 and records it in the entry point storage device 41 as the current entry point position.

At the same time, the control device 24 takes out the position information of the entry point written in the entry packet from the header separation circuit and records it in the entry point storage device. At this time, of the position information of the entry point, the information written in the entry packet at a relative position from the pack position at the beginning of the current entry point such as I-picture END sector-No. Device 1
The relative position information is converted to absolute position information by adding the relative position information to the position information of the current entry point read from 0 and recorded in the entry point storage device 41, and recorded in the entry point storage device 41. To do.

As the drive unit 10 continues to supply the multiplexed bit stream to the header separation circuit 22, the read position information of the drive unit 10 increases with time.
The control device 24 reads out the read position information from the driving device 10 at a constant cycle, and converts the I-picture END converted into the absolute position information stored in the entry point storage device 41.
Compare with sector-No. At this time, when the read position information obtained from the drive unit 10 exceeds the I-picture END sector-No., The necessary I-picture reading has been completed, and P, B pictures, etc. following the I-picture are completed. It is determined that unnecessary data is loaded, and the drive device 10 is immediately
Command a search to read the next I-picture.

Also, the size of the I-picture data written in the entry packet in this manner is I-picture.
An example of a multiplexed data decoding device that can perform a search at a more constant search speed by using the length and the position of the pack where the end of the I picture data is multiplexed I-picture END sector-No. It demonstrates using. In the multiplexed data decoding device shown in FIG. 2, when the search operation is started, the control device 24 controls the entry packet storage device 41.
Based on the position information of the entry point stored in (1), the pack having the head of the I-picture data is read from the drive unit 10. Since the entry packet is always multiplexed in the read packet, the I-picture length, I-picture END sector-No. Can be read out.

The control unit 24 determines whether the I-picture length and I-picture END sector-No. Written in the entry packet exceed a certain threshold value, or how many I-pictures exceeding the threshold value continue. Determine whether or not. If the number of I-pictures for which the data amount exceeds the threshold continues for a certain number of times,
It can be estimated that it took a long time to read data from the driving device 10 and the decoding process by the video decoder 25 and the search speed became slow. Therefore, the decoding of the I-picture is temporarily stopped, or until -3 to +3. The entry point to be selected is changed to correct the delay. The I-picture decoding is stopped by instructing the driving device 10 to search for the next entry point before data is supplied to the video decoder 25 and the audio decoder 26. The position of the entry point to be selected is changed by causing the drive device 10 to search for the entry point that performs a faster search than the search that has been performed up to that time when searching for the next I-picture. For example entry_pack
If the search using et_ + 2 is being performed, the search is temporarily changed to entry_packet_ + 3.

By the above procedure, when the search speed is temporarily reduced, the search operation immediately after is temporarily omitted or speeded up, and a search closer to a constant speed can be realized. The format of the entry packet is as shown in FIG. 16, and the I-picture length and I-picture END sector-N relating to the I-picture following the entry packet are set.
o. Not only entry_packet_-3 to entry_packet_
I-picture length, I-picture END sector for I-picture that follows entry packet shown up to +3
-The No. can be recorded in the entry packet. That is, I-picture length_-3 to I-picture length_ + 3,
I-picture END sector-No ._- 3 ~ I-picture END sector
-Write No ._ + 3 to the entry packet.

As a result, when a new I-picture is read, the controller determines the length of the I-picture and the position of the end on the drive before reading the entry packet multiplexed immediately before the I-picture. Since it is possible to know, it is possible to realize a faster search. The entry packet has a format as shown in FIG. 16, and a video stream number and a Video stream-No. Can be recorded. Up to 16 video data are allowed to be multiplexed in the multiplexed bit stream specified in ISO11172 (MPEG). When it is considered that a plurality of video streams are multiplexed in one multiplexed bit stream and a search operation is performed on two or more multiplexed video streams, the position of the entry point varies depending on each video stream. , It is necessary to record the entry point information for each bit stream.

In the conventional entry packet format, only the entry packet for one video stream can be multiplexed, but the Video stream-No. Information is recorded in the entry packet and the entry for each video stream is recorded. By multiplexing the packets, the decoding device can select the entry packet for the required video stream, and even in the multiplexed data in which multiple video streams are multiplexed, any video can be selected. A search operation can be realized for a stream.

In the multiplexer shown in FIG. 17,
Video encoder 1, video entry point detection circuit 3
1, I picture end point detection circuit 51, code buffer 4
There are n and 5 respectively. In the case of such a multiplexer, the control unit 8 switches the video or audio bit stream stored in each code buffer by the switching circuit 62 and supplies it to the header adding circuit to add the video packet header or the audio packet header. , Is recorded in the drive unit 10 in pack units.

If the pack to be recorded in the drive unit 10 contains an I-picture of any video stream, the entry packet is multiplexed immediately before the I-picture. At this time, the control device 8 supplies the entry point generating circuit 32 to which video stream the entry packet corresponds to and records it in the Video stream-No. Of the entry packet.

In the multiplexed data decoding device shown in FIG. 2, the control device 24 reads the Video stream-No. Of the entry packet from the header demultiplexing circuit 22, and that value is the video stream number to be searched. When they match, the entry point information or the like recorded in the entry packet is stored in the entry point storage device 41.
When they do not match, the entry point information and the like are discarded. In this way, an entry packet is provided for each video stream to be multiplexed, and the search operation can be realized in all the multiplexed video streams by including the identifier of which video stream corresponds to the entry packet. it can.

The entry packet is formatted as shown in FIG. 16, and the copy management flag and the Copy Management
Flag can be recorded. Copy Management Flag
Is the SCMS (Serial C) used in CDs (Compact Discs) and DAT (Digital Audio Tapes).
opy Management System), which realizes the same function as the opy Management System, and is a flag that specifies that copying of the multiplexed data against the creator's intention is disabled.

In the data multiplexing device shown in FIG. 1, the control device 8 commands the entry packet generation circuit 32 to copy the bit stream for which copying is prohibited, to the copy management flag of the entry packet to be generated. Set a value that indicates prohibition. In the data decoding device shown in FIG. 2, the control device 8 reads the Copy Management Flag of the entry packet from the header separation circuit 22,
If a value indicating copy prohibition is set here, the video stream is treated as copy prohibition. For a video stream that is treated as copy prohibited, the decoding device does not output the bit stream data to the external output terminal when the decoding device has an external output terminal, or sends it when outputting to the external. A value indicating the copy prohibition is set in the area indicating the copy prohibition of the bit stream to notify the transmission destination device that the bit stream is copy prohibited.

Further, the Copy Management Flag can record not only information indicating whether or not copying is prohibited, but also information on the number of times copying is permitted. As a result, it is possible to copy the bit stream to create a duplicate, but it is possible to prohibit a duplicate based on the duplicate, that is, a duplicate by a grandchild copy. From the above,
It is possible to clearly indicate to the decoding device or a device connected thereto a bit stream for which copying is prohibited due to reasons such as copyright assertion.

When performing the search operation, the decoding apparatus continuously displays I pictures using the entry packet information, but in this case, pictures that are not temporally continuous are displayed. Viewing an image that is not temporally continuous for a certain period of time as described above may cause extreme eye fatigue. Therefore, as shown in the multiplexed data decoding device shown in FIG. 18, the control device 24 is allowed to send a brightness control signal to the video decoder 25, and the brightness of the display screen is lowered during the search to reduce eye strain. It can be reduced. When the control device 24 is instructed by a main control device (not shown) to start a search operation, the video decoder 2
A control signal for reducing the brightness is sent to 5. Upon receiving the brightness control signal, the video decoder 25 reduces the brightness of the display screen and darkens the display screen. When the search operation is completed, the controller 24 sends a control signal for returning the brightness to normal. The video decoder 25 receives the signal,
Returns the brightness of the display screen to normal.

As a result, it is possible to reduce the brightness of the display image while the search operation is performed and the temporally discontinuous image is displayed, and eye fatigue during the search operation can be reduced. it can.

[0105]

According to the data encoding apparatus of the present invention, the entry packet generated in response to the entry point signal is multiplexed with the variable rate data, so that the entry packet can be handled. Then, it becomes possible to quickly search for predetermined data. In addition, when a point to be accessed occurs during the accumulation of variable rate data, an entry point is generated, and when the accumulated variable rate data reaches a predetermined amount, the entry point in the accumulation period The presence or absence of
Immediately before the entry point, the entry packet is multiplexed with variable rate data. This makes it possible to surely multiplex the entry packet at a predetermined position.

Further, according to the data decoding apparatus of the present invention, the variable rate data and the entry packet are separated from the data reproduced from the recording medium, and the data is recorded in correspondence with the separated entry packet. Since the access position of the medium is controlled, it becomes possible to quickly search for predetermined data. Further, since the entry packet indicating the entry point as the access point is arranged immediately before the packet of the variable rate data, it is possible to quickly search for the predetermined data by using this entry packet. Become.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of a data encoding device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of a data decoding device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a pack format of a data format of a disk driven by a driving device 10 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the format of the entry packet of FIG.

5 is a flow chart for explaining the operation of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an example of a conventional data encoding device.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an example of a conventional data decoding device.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the format of the bit stream in the examples of FIGS. 6 and 7.

9 is a diagram illustrating a stream ID of FIG. 8. FIG.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the example of FIG.

11 is a diagram illustrating a bit stream in a disk driven by the driving device 10 of FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG.

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a format in a bit stream of an entry packet.

FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining another format in the bit stream of the entry packet.

FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining still another format in the bit stream of the entry packet.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an example of a multiplexing device for recording data in an entry packet.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating still another format in the bit stream of the entry packet.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an example of a multiplexing device for recording data in an entry packet.

FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an example of a multiplexed data decoding device that enables brightness control.

FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating still another format in the bit stream of the entry packet.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Video Encoder 2 Audio Encoder 3 Multiplexing Device 4,5 Code Buffer 6 Switching Circuit 7 Hedder Addition Circuit 8 Control Device 9 Multiplexing System Clock Generation Circuit 10 Driving Device 21 Separation Device 22 Heads Separation Circuit 23 Switching Circuit 24 Control Device 25 Video Decoder 26 Audio Decoder 31 Video Entry Point Detection Circuit 32 Entry Packet Generation Circuit 33, 41 Entry Point Storage Device

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. At an entry point recorded in an entry packet in a bit stream, a flag indicating the validity of data regarding all entry points recorded in the entry packet is recorded in the entry packet. Data encoding method and data encoding device. 2. The entry point data is characterized in that a flag indicating the validity of a plurality of entry point data is recorded in an entry packet for each entry point data. A data coding method and a data coding device described. 3. The data coding method and the data coding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the data relating to the entry points is data relating to an arbitrary number of forward or backward entry points. 4. The data relating to the entry point is data relating to the entry points physically located immediately before and after the entry point.
Data encoding method and data encoding device. 5. The data coding method and data coding apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the data relating to the entry points is data indicating how many forward or backward entry points the data is. 6. In an entry packet multiplexed immediately before an access unit, the length information of the access unit, the position information of the end of the data of the access unit, or both are recorded in the entry packet. A data encoding method and a data encoding device. 7. A plurality of pieces of information regarding the entry points, and length information of an access unit at the entry points corresponding to the information about each entry point, position information of the end of the access unit, or both of The data coding method and the data coding apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the data is recorded in an entry packet. 8. The entry packet exists in a plurality of bit streams, the bit stream is multiplexed, and each bit stream identification information is recorded in the entry packet, so that an entry corresponding to the plurality of bit streams is obtained. A data encoding method and a data encoding device characterized by multiplexing packets. 9. The data encoding method and the data encoding device according to claim 1, wherein the data regarding the entry point is data regarding whether or not copying is possible. 10. A flag for indicating the validity of data relating to all entry points recorded in the entry points recorded in the entry packet in the bit stream is detected to determine whether to perform special reproduction. And a data decoding device. 11. A data decoding apparatus, which prohibits or permits output of a bit stream to the outside, or outputs copy prohibition information to the outside according to data relating to an entry point. 12. A data decoding device, characterized in that the brightness of a screen is changed during special reproduction in accordance with data relating to an entry point.