JPH06238106A - Device and method for filtration - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] An object of the present invention is to make it possible to continuously operate a filtering device for a long time while the filtering device is compactly assembled. A filter device has a filter medium storage portion formed at a lower end thereof, and a filtered water suction pipe formed above the filter medium storage portion, and the filtered water suction pipe is connected to a negative pressure forming means. The filtration and suction member is configured by adsorbing the filtration material to the filtration material storage portion by pressure, and the filtration and suction member is arranged such that the lower surface of the filtration and suction member is immersed in the treatment liquid. The filtration method is as follows: the filter medium is stored in the filter medium storage unit with an open lower end, and the filter suction member with the suction pipe for the filtered water attached to the upper part of the filter medium storage unit is placed above the treatment liquid so that the lower surface is immersed in the treatment liquid. From the negative pressure forming means through the filtered water suction pipe, while the filter medium is adsorbed and held in the filter medium storage portion by the negative pressure supplied through the filtered water suction pipe, the treatment liquid is sucked and filtered from the lower surface of the filter medium. is there.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a filtering device, and more particularly to a filtering device used for dredging work, sewage treatment work, drinking water production work and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A general filtering device of this type is one in which a filter material is filled in a cylindrical filter container, and a treatment liquid such as sewage is put into the filter container through an opening on the upper surface of the filter container. The separated liquid is separated and the filtered liquid is taken out from the filtered liquid take-out port formed at the lower end of the filtration container.

However, in such a case, there is a problem that solid mass in the treatment liquid captured by the filter medium is accumulated in layers on the upper surface of the filter medium to cause the filter medium to be clogged early.

Therefore, in order to deal with such a problem,
The lower half of the vertically long cylindrical filter tower is filled with the filter medium, the treatment liquid inlet is formed at the upper end of the filter tower, and the filtered liquid outlet is formed at the lower end, respectively, and when the filter medium is clogged, the filtered liquid is filtered. A method of blowing up water from the outlet, so-called "backwashing", stirring the solid mass accumulated in layers on the upper surface of the filter medium to eliminate clogging of the filter medium, and the method previously proposed by the present inventor 6
A filter device described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-49089 is known.

In the filtration device described in this publication, the lower half of the vertically long cylindrical filtration tower is filled with a filter medium, and the treated liquid outlet is provided at the upper end of the filtration column at the intermediate height position of the filter medium. The liquid supply port is configured by providing each of the filter medium circulation outlets at the lower end of the filtration tower, the processing liquid supplied from the processing liquid supply port flows upward, and from the treated liquid outlet at the upper end of the filtration tower. It is a so-called "upflow" type in which the treated liquid is taken out.

[0006]

However, in the case of the above-mentioned filter device which is designed to eliminate clogging of the filter medium by backwashing and the "upflow" type filter device, the operation of the filter device during backwashing and circulation of the filter medium is required. There has been a problem that the operation efficiency of the filtration device is lowered because of having to stop it for a while.

Further, in the "upflow" type, there is a problem that the size of the filtration device becomes large because a space for accommodating the filter medium to be circulated is required under the treatment liquid supply port. In particular, in the case of the "up flow" type, only the filter material above the processing liquid supply port contributes to filtration. Therefore, when a large amount of filter material is stored above the processing liquid supply port in order to improve filtration accuracy, the processing liquid supply The amount of the filter material suitable for the husband is also stored below the mouth, so that the size of the filter device is significantly increased.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to make it possible to continuously operate a filtering device for a long time even though the filtering device is compactly assembled. It is what

[0009]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a filter device according to the present invention firstly forms a filter medium storage portion at the lower end portion and a filtered water suction pipe above the filter medium storage portion, respectively, and performs filtration. The water suction pipe is connected to the negative pressure forming means, and the negative pressure of the negative pressure forming means causes the filter medium to be adsorbed in the filter medium storage portion to form the filter suction member, and the lower surface of the filter suction member is immersed in the treatment liquid. It is characterized in that a filtration and suction member is arranged in this state.

Next, a scraping means for scraping off the adsorbed matter adsorbed on the lower surface of the filter material is provided on the lower surface portion of the filter material. A float is provided on the filter suction member, and the float causes the liquid level of the treatment liquid to be changed. It is also characterized in that the filtering member can be moved up and down in response to fluctuations.

Further, the treatment liquid is stored in the filtration tank, and the treatment liquid is solidified in a layered form by its own weight or chemicals.
It is also characterized by liquid separation. Then, the filtration method is such that the filter medium is stored in the filter medium storage portion having an opening at the lower end, and the filtration suction member having the suction pipe of the filtered water attached to the upper portion of the filter medium storage portion is so treated that the lower surface thereof is immersed in the treatment liquid. While the filter medium is sucked and held in the filter medium storage portion by the negative pressure supplied from the negative pressure forming means through the filtered water suction pipe, the treatment liquid is sucked and filtered from the lower surface of the filter medium. It is characterized by that.

[0012]

First, when the negative pressure forming means is operated and the negative pressure formed here is supplied to the filter medium storage section through the filtered water suction pipe, the negative pressure surely causes the filter medium to be adsorbed to the filter medium storage section. It is held and retained. Next, the filtration suction member is immersed from above the treatment liquid in a state in which the adsorbed filtration material portion is facing down.

When the filter medium is adsorbed and held in the filter medium storage unit, the negative pressure of the filter medium storage unit sucks the treatment liquid from the surface portion of the filter medium which has passed through the filter medium and is in contact with the treatment liquid. The solid mass inside is adsorbed and held on the peripheral surface portion of the filter medium that is in contact with the treatment liquid, the water passes through the filter medium and is sucked into the filter medium storage unit, and then the moisture sucked into the filter medium storage unit is filtered water. The negative pressure is generated from the suction pipe.

The solid material that is adsorbed and held in the state of being compressed on the peripheral surface of the filter medium causes the filter medium to be clogged and clogging the filter medium in an attempt to reduce the filtering function. In the case where the scraping means is provided, when the solid mass and a part of the filter material are scraped off by the scraping means, the filtering function of the filter material is restored. Here, when the scraping means is actuated while operating the filtering device, the scraped solid mass is in a compressed state, and therefore, its own weight causes it to settle down below the processing liquid. Therefore, the filter device can be continuously operated for a long time until the filter medium is used up.

In the case where the filtration / suction member is provided with the float, the buoyancy of the float can always filter the treatment liquid at a predetermined depth position even when the liquid surface of the treatment liquid changes. This is particularly effective, for example, when filtering river water or when the treatment liquid is separated into layers due to its own weight or chemicals.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the filtering device and the filtering method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. [Embodiment 1] As shown in FIG. 1, a filtration device 1 according to this embodiment includes a storage tank 3 in which a treatment liquid 2 such as sludge is stored, a filtration member 4 provided in the storage tank 3 so as to be movable up and down, It comprises a negative pressure forming means 5 for applying a negative pressure to the filtering member 4.

The negative pressure forming means 5 is provided with the water 7 in the water storage tank 6.
A pressure pump 8 that sucks and pressurizes the water, and an injection nozzle 10 that injects water pressurized by the pressure pump 8 toward a protective pipe 9.
And a discharge pipe 11 supporting the protection pipe 9 and an injection nozzle 1
It is composed of a jet pump MJP formed by a negative pressure supply port 12 for taking out a negative pressure generated between 0 and the protective tube 9.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the filter member 4 has a casing-shaped casing 14 in which a filter medium storage portion 13 is formed inward, and a top portion of the casing 14 penetrating from the bottom to the top. The cylindrical member 15 is provided with an extended cylindrical member 15 and a filtered water suction pipe 16 that is connected to the intermediate height position of the cylindrical member 15 and extends upward.
A rotary operation shaft 18 pivotally supported by a, 17b and 17c so as to be lifted and lowered and rotatable is provided.

A filtrate suction port 19 is opened at an upper portion of the bearing 17c near the lower end of the tubular member 15 protruding inward of the casing 14, and the bearing 17c at the lower end and the bearing 17b at the intermediate portion. Tubular member 15 between
A filtered water passage 20 communicating with the filtered water suction pipe 16 is formed therein.

The upper end of the rotary operation shaft 17 has an operation handle 2
1, a screw 22 is engraved on the lower portion of the operation handle 21, and the screw 22 is screwed into a female screw 23 formed on a bearing 17a supporting the portion to form a scraping means 29. When the operation handle 21 is rotated, the rotation operation shaft 18 is moved up and down by the pitch of the screws 22 and 23.

A scraping lever 24 extending in one direction is detachably fixed to a lower end portion of the rotary operation shaft 17 by a nut 25. In addition, reference numeral 26 in the drawing denotes the tubular member 1.
A screen for receiving the filter medium, which is stretched in the filter medium storing portion 13 at the lower end of 5, and which is a screen 26 for receiving the filter medium.
The coarseness of the mesh is such that the air and the moisture of the treatment liquid 2 can sufficiently pass through while receiving the filter material 27 adsorbed and held here.

The operation of the filtering device 1 constructed as above will be described below. First, the pressurizing pump 8 is driven to suck and pressurize the water 7 in the water storage tank 6, and jet the water 7 from the jet nozzle 10 into the protective pipe 9. When the high-pressure jet water flow jetted from the jet nozzle 10 spreads in the protection tube 9 as much as possible,
Since this expanded portion acts as if it were a piston sliding inside the protective tube 9 toward the discharge tube 11 side, the injection nozzle 1
A negative pressure is formed in the protective tube 9 on the 0 side.

The negative pressure formed by operating the jet pump MJP is taken out from the negative pressure supply port 12, and from the filtered water suction pipe 16 through the filtered water passage 20 and the filtered liquid suction port 19 of the filter medium receiving screen 26. It acts on the upper space. At this time, the scraping lever 24 is kept at the lowest position.

After that, as shown in FIG. 2, pellets or fine granular filter media (for example, diatomaceous earth) 27 is placed in the filter media storage unit 1.
Preparation of the filter member 4 is completed when the operation handle 21 is rotated and the lower surface (filter surface) of the filter material 27 is flattened after being sucked into the inside of the filter member 3 almost completely. The filtering member 4 is inserted into the treatment liquid 2 in the storage tank 3 from above so that at least the lower surface of the filter material 27 is immersed in the treatment liquid 2.

Then, in the filter member 4, the filter medium 27 is surely adsorbed and held on the filter medium receiving screen 26 by the negative pressure of the negative pressure forming means 5, and the treatment liquid 2 in the storage tank 3 is sucked from the lower surface portion of the filter medium 27. Then, the solid mass in the treatment liquid 2 is adsorbed and held on the lower surface portion of the filter medium, and the water passes through the filter medium 27 and the filter medium receiving screen 26, and the filtrate suction port 1
9, it is sucked into the negative pressure supply port 12 of the jet pump MJP through the filtered water passage 20 and the filtered water suction pipe 16.

The water sucked into the negative pressure supply port 12 of the jet pump MJP is the discharge pipe 1 of the jet pump MJP.
1 is discharged to the water storage tank 6 and is used for water pressurized by the pressure pump 8. While the treatment liquid 2 in the storage tank 3 is being filtered, the lower surface of the filter material 27 will be clogged by the solid mass adsorbed and held here, so that the operation handle is regularly operated so as not to be clogged. 21 is rotated to rotate the scraping lever 24 at the lower end of the rotary operation shaft 18 to scrape the solid mass adsorbed on the lower surface of the filter material 27 and a part of the filter material 27 into the treatment liquid 2. is there.

The solid lumps scraped off in the treatment liquid 2 are in a state of being condensed by the negative pressure of the negative pressure forming means 5 when they are adsorbed by the filter medium 27, so that the storage tank 3 is caused by its own weight. Settles and deposits at the bottom of the.

As described above, in this example, the operation handle 2
Although the rotation operation of No. 1 is performed periodically, if a negative pressure gauge is provided in the filtered water suction pipe 16 portion, the operation handle 2
The rotation operation timing of No. 1 can be accurately detected, and a negative pressure gauge is provided in the filtered water suction pipe 16 portion and the operation handle 21.
Instead of this, it is also possible to provide rotation driving means such as a motor, respectively, and automatically drive the scraping lever 24 when the negative pressure exceeds a certain range.

The solid mass containing the filter medium settled and deposited on the bottom of the storage tank 3 is adsorbed to the lower surface of the filter material 27 when the filtration of the treatment liquid 2 in the storage tank 3 is completed, and the solid mass is removed from the storage tank. Then, by scraping off with the scraping lever 24, it can be taken out in the form of dehydrated flakes without soiling the hands.

[Embodiment 2] A filtration device 1 according to this embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 3, the jet pump MJP of the negative pressure forming means 5 in the first embodiment is replaced by the mixed jet pump MJ.
The point P is set, the point at which the float 28 is attached to the filter member 4, and the filter material 27 is formed by previously compressing it into a cylindrical shape having a hole 30 through which the rotary operation shaft 18 is inserted at the center thereof. Is different in that the scraping lever 24 can be mounted in the filter medium storage portion 13 and the scraping lever 24 is shaped so as to extend in both directions from the lower end of the rotary shaft 18.

That is, in the mixed air jet pump MJP, one end of the protective pipe 9 is supported by the partition plate 31 in the discharge pipe 11,
An air mixing pipe 33 provided with an intake pipe 32 is provided between the other end of the protection pipe 9 and the injection nozzle 10 located outside thereof so as to be concentric with the injection nozzle 10 and the protection pipe 9. Is.

The float 28 is formed in the shape of a thick disc and is fixed to the upper surface mounting metal fitting 34 of the casing 14. In the case where the buoyancy of the float 28 causes the filter member 4 to change the liquid level of the treatment liquid. However, filtration can always be performed at a constant depth position. Therefore, these are suitable for producing drinking water from a river whose liquid level constantly changes.

Further, in the case where the preformed filter medium 27 is mounted in the filter medium storing portion 13, the filter medium storing portion 13
There is an advantage that the filter device 1 can be operated in a short time without the trouble of adsorbing the filter material 27.

When the filter material 27 is compression-molded into a cylindrical shape in advance so that it can be mounted in the filter material storage portion 13 as in this embodiment, a shape-retaining ring 36 is provided on the peripheral surface portion as shown in FIG. It is convenient because it is prevented from losing its shape when stocked or transported. In addition, it is a matter of course that the present invention can be applied to a treatment liquid in which a solid mass is condensed in advance by a chemical or the like and separated into layers, and in this case, the filtration member 4 is used as in this example. With a float,
It is possible to arbitrarily set whether to filter the water or the solid mass separated into layers.

Further, although the negative pressure forming means 5 is constituted by the jet pump MJP and the air-fuel mixture jet pump MJP in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the negative pressure forming means 5 is constituted by a vacuum pump, and this vacuum pump is used. The generated negative pressure may be directly applied to the filtered water suction pipe 15, or the negative pressure generated by a vacuum pump may be applied to the reserve tank, which is not shown in the figure, so that the filtered water suction pipe 15 is negatively operated. Of course, it is okay.

[0036]

As described above, according to the present invention, the filter medium is sucked and held in the filter medium storage portion by the negative pressure of the negative pressure forming means, and the treatment liquid is filtered by the filter medium suctioned and held in the filter medium storage portion. Therefore, there is an advantage that the filter member can be easily prepared in a short time.

Moreover, since all the filter media stored in the filter media storage portion contribute to filtration without waste, there is no need to store the circulating filter media as in the conventional case, and the filter device can be compact and compact. There is an advantage that you can.

Further, in the case where the scraping means for scraping off the solid mass adsorbed on the filter medium is provided, the solid mass adsorbed and held on the lower surface of the filtering member is scraped off by the scraping means to prevent clogging of the filter medium. Therefore, there is an advantage that the filtration device can be continuously operated for a long time until the filter medium is exhausted, and the filtration operation efficiency of the filtration device can be significantly improved.

In addition, in the case where the filtration suction member is provided with a float, even when the liquid level of the processing liquid changes,
The buoyancy of the float allows the treatment liquid at a predetermined depth position to be filtered at all times.For example, not only when filtering river water, but also when the treatment liquid is separated into layers by its own weight or chemicals. Another advantage is that the filtration device can be particularly suitable for filtering the specific layer.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a filtration device according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway exploded perspective view of a filter member.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a filtration device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway exploded perspective view showing a modified example of the filter medium.

[Explanation of Codes] 1 ... Filtration device 2 ... Treatment liquid 3 ... Filtration tank 4 ... Filtration and suction member 13 ... Filtration material storage unit 16 ... Filtration water suction pipe 27 ... Filtration material 28 ... Float 29 ... Scraping means

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A filter medium storage portion is formed at a lower end portion, and a filtered water suction pipe is formed above the filter medium storage portion. The filtered water suction pipe is connected to a negative pressure forming means, and a negative pressure of the negative pressure forming means is used. A filter device, wherein a filter suction member is formed by adsorbing a filter material into a filter material storage portion, and the filter suction member is arranged such that the lower surface of the filter suction member is immersed in the treatment liquid. 2. The filtering device according to claim 1, wherein a scraping means for scraping off the adsorbed matter adsorbed on the lower surface of the filter medium is provided on the lower surface portion of the filter medium. 3. The filtration suction member is provided with a float, and the filtration member is configured to be movable up and down in accordance with the fluctuation of the liquid level of the processing liquid by the float. Filtration device. 4. The treatment liquid is stored in a filtration tank, and the treatment liquid is solid-liquid separated into layers by its own weight or chemicals. The filtration device according to any one of 1. 5. A filter-suction member having a filter medium storage unit having an opening at the lower end, and a suction pipe for suction of filtered water attached to the upper part of the filter medium storage unit is immersed in the process liquid so that its lower surface is immersed in the process liquid. It is inserted from above, and the treatment liquid is sucked and filtered from the lower surface of the filter medium while the filter medium is adsorbed and held in the filter medium storage portion by the negative pressure supplied from the negative pressure forming means through the filtered water suction pipe. A filtration method characterized by: