JPH062316A - Waves-breaking type caisson and breakwater therewith - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the cost of a waves-breaking type caisson as well as reduce reflecting waves by a method in which an almost mountain-type (in the horizontal direction) breakwater is formed on the outer wall of a retarding tank provided on one side of a caisson, and the waves-breaking holes of the breakwater are allowed to communicate with the retarding tank. CONSTITUTION:When waves collide with an almost mountain-type breakwater 9, the waves are finely broken, reflected, refracted, or swirled to damp the energy of tidal waves, where the direction of the waves are also dispersed complicatedly by the action of horizontal holes 11 as waves-breaking holes to absorb the energy of tidal waves. The energy of waves are more effectively absorbed by the action of the holes 11 leading to a retarding tank 6 and damped. Since the reflecting waves from the breakwater can be greatly reduced, ships can be safely navigated and the caisson having small cross-sectional areas and simple structure can also be manufactured at factory at low cost and can be operated safely on construction site.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wave-dissipating caisson and a breakwater using the same, and more particularly to a wave-dissipating caisson for reducing reflected waves generated when waves rushing from offshore hit the caisson. The breakwater using this.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, this type of breakwater has been constructed by constructing some caisson made of concrete or the like in parallel in a direction substantially at right angles to the direction of waves to construct a port facility for protecting ships in a port.

This breakwater uses waves caused by seasonal winds in the area as a design wave, and in order to protect the ship from the design wave, rubble stones made of rock blocks are piled up on the sea floor to form a rubble mound, and a concrete rubble mound is formed on it. It was constructed by installing caisson etc.

This breakwater was covered with a wave block when the installation water depth was shallow to reduce the influence of reflected waves on the navigating ship. However, when the installation water is deep, it becomes economically disadvantageous to cover the wave with a wave-dissipating block to suppress the reflected wave.

[0005]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Outside the harbor, waves from offshore come into contact with the outside of the breakwater, and those waves are reflected offshore, resulting in overlapping waves of the reflected wave and incident wave. It hindered the safe navigation of vessels navigating on the side and those trying to enter the port. In recent years, the location of breakwaters has expanded to the offshore side, and the depth of the installation water has also become deeper.As a result, the design wave height has increased, and the reflected waves that accompany this have become non-negligible. ing.

However, as in the prior art, it is economically more difficult to cover the wave block to suppress the reflected wave as the breakwater becomes deeper.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to reduce reflected waves generated when waves rushing from offshore hit a caisson and to sail a vessel offshore. The present invention aims to provide a wave type caisson and a breakwater which can safely and stably construct a ship that is about to enter the harbor and which is excellent in economic efficiency.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a wave-dissipating device having a plurality of wave-dissipating holes formed on at least one side wall of a caisson body, the horizontal cross-section of which is substantially mountain-shaped. The body is integrated.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention forms a play water tank on one side inside the caisson body, and an outer wall on the water play tank side is formed with a substantially mountain-shaped horizontal cross section. A wave breaking body having a plurality of wave breaking holes is integrally provided, and at least a part of the plurality of wave breaking holes is communicated with a water tank.

Further, in order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a wave-dissipating member having a plurality of wave-dissipating holes and having a substantially horizontal horizontal cross section is integrally formed on at least one side wall of the caisson body. Using the provided wave-dissipating type caisson, a plurality of wave-dissipating type caissons are arranged side by side so that the wave-dissipating body is directed toward the side where a wave comes in.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention forms a play water tank on one side inside the caisson body, and an outer wall on the water play tank side is formed with a horizontal cross section having a substantially mountain shape. A wave-dissipating body having a plurality of wave-dissipating holes is integrally provided, and at least a part of the plurality of wave-dissipating holes is connected to a water tank. It was constructed by arranging multiple wave-dissipating caisson side-by-side toward the side that rushes.

[0012]

In the wave-dissipating caisson according to the present invention, the wave-dissipating body having a plurality of wave-dissipating holes integrally formed on at least one outer wall of the caisson body is formed integrally with a horizontal cross section. There is. Then, a plurality of the wave-dissipating caissons are arranged side by side in the direction in which the wave-disintegrating body pushes the wave-disintegrating body. By the action of the wave-dissipating body having a substantially mountain-shaped cross section, the waves are finely crushed and reflection, diffraction or vortex is generated, and the energy of the waves is attenuated. Further, due to the action of the plurality of wave-dissipating holes formed in the wave-dissipating body, the directions of the waves are more complicatedly dispersed and the energy of the waves is absorbed. Therefore, the reflected waves from the caisson that constitutes the breakwater and the quay can be reduced. Also, since the wave absorber is integrally provided on the caisson body, the wave absorber can be manufactured at the same time when the caisson body is manufactured, so work on the open ocean is easy,
It can be constructed safely and stably. Furthermore, since the energy of the waves can be attenuated by the action of the wave-eliminating body, the cross-sectional area of the entire caisson can be reduced, and as a result, the material cost and the manufacturing cost of the mold can be reduced.

Further, in the wave-breaking type caisson according to the present invention, a water-retaining tank is formed inside the caisson body, and a wave-breaking body having a plurality of wave-breaking holes is formed on the outer wall of the caisson body with a substantially mountain-shaped cross section. At least a part of the plurality of wave-eliminating holes is communicated with the water tank. As a result, by the action of the wave-dissipating hole communicating with the water retaining tank, the wave energy can be attenuated more effectively, and the reflected wave from the caisson can be significantly reduced.

Further, in the breakwater according to the present invention, a wave-breaking type caisson having a wave-breaking body integrally formed on the side wall of the caisson body and having a plurality of wave-breaking holes and having a substantially mountain-shaped cross section is used. A plurality of the wave-dissipating caissons are arranged side by side so that the wave-dissipating body of the wave-dissipating caisson is directed in the direction of the waves, and the wave rushing from offshore by the action of the wave-dissolving caisson. Since it is possible to attenuate the energy of the above and reduce the reflected wave from the caisson, it is possible to safely navigate a ship that is sailing offshore and a ship that is about to enter the port. Also,
Since the wave-dissipating type caisson with the wave-dissipating body integrated in the caisson body is used, the work in the open sea can be simplified, and therefore, the construction can be performed safely and stably, and economically advantageous construction. It becomes possible to do.

In the breakwater according to the present invention, a breakwater body is formed inside the caisson body, and a breakwater body having a plurality of breakwater holes is formed on the outer wall on the side of the breakwater tank and has a substantially mountain-shaped cross section. And using a wave-dissipating caisson in which at least a part of the plurality of wave-dissipating holes is in communication with the water tank, the wave-dissipating body of the wave-dissipating caisson is directed in the direction in which the wave is pushed, Place multiple wavy caisson side by side,
Due to the action of the wave-dissipating holes communicating with the water tank, it is possible to more effectively attenuate the energy of the waves and significantly reduce the reflected waves from the caisson. It is possible to make a vessel inside and a vessel about to enter the harbor even safer.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Various embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First Embodiment: FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of the wave-dissipating caisson of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a breakwater constructed using the wave-dissipating caisson shown in FIG. . The caisson body 1 of the wave-dissipating caisson in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is made of reinforced concrete, and the side wall 2 is provided.
And a partition wall 3 and a bottom plate 4. Further, a parapet 5 is placed on the upper part of the caisson body 1, and further, on one side of the caisson body 1,
A water tank 6 is formed. A filler 7 such as sand is packed inside the caisson body 1 and in the lower half of the water tank 6.

On the outer wall 8 of the water retaining tank 6, a wave canceller 9 is provided integrally with the caisson body 1. The wave-dissipating body 9 is formed in a columnar shape having a triangular horizontal section, and a plurality of the wave-dissipating bodies 9 are arranged side by side along the outer wall 8. A vertical hole 10 is provided inside each wave breaker 9. In addition, a plurality of horizontal holes 11 which are wave-dissipating holes are provided at intervals in the vertical direction on the slopes on both sides forming the wave-dissipating body 9 having a triangular cross section. Vertical hole 1
It communicates with 0. Further, the lateral hole 11 located above the plurality of lateral holes 11 communicates with the water retaining tank 6.

By the way, when constructing a breakwater using the wave-dissipating caisson, as shown in FIG. 2, rubble mounds 12 are constructed by laying rubble stones. Next, a plurality of the wave-dissipating caissons are arranged side by side so that the wave-dissipating body 9 is directed toward the direction in which the wave is pushed, and adjacent wave-dissipating caissons are spliced together to construct the caisson body of each wave-dissolving caisson. The inside of 1 and the lower half of the water tank 6 are filled with a filler 7 such as sand, the parapet 5 is placed on the caisson body 1, and a breakwater is built.

In the breakwater shown in FIG. 2 constructed as described above, when waves come in from offshore and hit a wave-dissipating caisson, the wave breaks finely due to the action of the triangular wave-dissipating body 9 having a substantially mountain-shaped cross section. In addition, reflection, diffraction or vortex is generated, and the wave energy is attenuated. Further, due to the action of the lateral holes 11 which are a plurality of wave-dissipating holes formed in the wave-dissipating body 9 of each wave-dissipating caisson, the directions of the waves are further complicatedly dispersed and the energy of the waves is absorbed. . The energy of the waves is absorbed and attenuated more effectively by the action of the lateral hole 11 of the plurality of lateral holes 11 communicating with the water retaining tank 6. As a result, the reflected waves from the breakwater constructed by the caisson can be significantly reduced, so that it is possible to ensure the safety of the ship traveling offshore or entering the port.

Further, since the wave breaker 9 is integrally provided on the caisson body 1, the wave breaker 9 can be manufactured at the same time when the caisson body 1 is manufactured. As a result, the wave breaker type caisson itself is manufactured. Since it is possible to simplify the work in the open sea for constructing the breakwater, it is possible to construct safely and stably.

Further, since the wave energy can be effectively attenuated by the action of the wave-dissipating body 9 and the wave-dissipating hole, the cross-sectional area of the entire caisson can be reduced, and as a result, the material cost and the formwork can be reduced. It is possible to reduce production costs and reduce costs.

Second Embodiment: Next, FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the wave-dissipating caisson of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a breakwater constructed using the wave-dissipating caisson shown in FIG. It is a figure. The wave-breaking type caisson of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 does not have a water tank, and a wave-breaking body 13 having a hollow horizontal triangular cross section is provided outside one side wall of the caisson body 1. Two
They are provided individually.

A plurality of wave-dissipating holes 14 are provided on the slopes on both sides of the wave-dissipating body 13 forming a triangle. Each wave breaking hole 14 communicates with the inside of the hollow wave breaking body 13.

The other construction of the wave-dissipating caisson of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Further, also in the case of constructing a breakwater using the wave-dissipating caisson of the second embodiment, as can be seen from FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, the case of constructing using the wave-dissipating caisson of the first embodiment. The action of the wave-dissipating caisson of the second embodiment as the structure of the breakwater is almost the same as that of the first embodiment.

Third Embodiment: FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a third embodiment of the wave-dissipating caisson of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a breakwater constructed using the wave-dissipating caisson shown in FIG. Is. In the wave-breaking type caisson of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5, two wave-breaking bodies 15 having a hollow and substantially semicircular horizontal cross section are arranged side by side outside one side wall of the caisson body 1. .

A circular wave breaking hole 16 is formed in each of the wave breaking bodies 15.
And a plurality of oblong wave-dissipating holes 17 which are long in the horizontal direction are provided at intervals in the vertical direction.

The other structure of the wave-dissipating caisson of the third embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment.

Further, the construction of a breakwater using the wave-dissipating caisson of the third embodiment is also the same as the case of using the wave-dissipating caisson of the second embodiment, and its action is as shown in FIG. 2 is almost the same as that described with reference to FIG.

Fourth Embodiment: Next, FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the wave-dissipating caisson of the present invention. In the wave-dissipating caisson of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a wave-dissipating body 9 ′ is provided on the outer wall 8 of the water retaining tank 6. This wave breaker 9 '
Is the wave breaker 9 of the wave break type caisson of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
It is formed in a shape with the lower half part omitted.

As a result, the wave-dissipating caisson of the fourth embodiment can be made lighter and the material cost can be reduced as compared with the wave-dissipating caisson of the first embodiment.

The other constitution and operation of the wave-dissipating caisson of the fourth embodiment are the same as those of the wave-dissipating caisson of the first embodiment.

In the present invention, the wave-dissipating caisson of each of the embodiments is not limited to being used as a breakwater, but can also be used to construct a quay and can be used as a revetment where the rear is land.

Further, in the present invention, the horizontal cross section of the wave-eliminating body is not limited to the triangular shape or the semicircular shape, but may be an inverted U-shape or the like, that is, the cross section may be substantially mountain-shaped.

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, at least one of the side walls of the caisson body is formed with a plurality of wave-dissipating holes, the horizontal section of which is substantially mountain-shaped. The wave-dissipating body has an integral structure, and the wave-breaking body with a nearly mountain-shaped cross section breaks the wave finely and also causes reflection, diffraction or vortex to attenuate the energy of the wave and form it in the wave-eliminating body. Due to the action of the multiple wave-dissipating holes, the direction of the waves is further dispersed and the energy of the waves is absorbed, so there is an effect that the waves coming from offshore hit the caisson and can reduce the reflected waves generated. Since the wave breaker is integrated with the caisson body, the wave breaker can be manufactured at the same time when the caisson body is manufactured. Therefore, it is easy to work in the open sea and can be installed safely and stably. Yes, since the wave energy can be attenuated by the action of the wave-eliminating body, it is possible to reduce the cross-sectional area of the entire caisson, and as a result, it is possible to reduce the material cost and the manufacturing cost of the formwork. There is also an effect that the cost can be reduced.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a water tank is formed on one side inside the caisson body,
An outer wall on the side of the water tank is integrally provided with a wave breaker having a substantially mountain-shaped cross section and having a plurality of wave holes, and at least a part of the plurality of wave holes is communicated with the water tank. Since the wave-dissipating holes communicating with the water tank can attenuate the wave energy more effectively, the reflected waves from the caisson can be significantly reduced.

Further, according to the invention of claim 3 of the present invention, the wave-dissipating caisson of claim 1 is used, and the wave-dissipating body of the wave-dissipating caisson is extinguished toward the side where the waves rush. Since a plurality of corrugated caissons are installed side by side and a breakwater is built, the action of the wave-dissipating caisson attenuates the energy of waves rushing from offshore, and as a result the reflected wave from the caisson can be reduced. It has the effect of allowing ships that are sailing offshore or entering the port to safely travel.Because a wave-dissipating caisson with a wave-dissipating body integrated into the caisson body is used, There is an effect that the work can be simplified, and therefore, safe and stable construction can be performed, and economically advantageous construction can be performed.

According to the invention of claim 4 of the present invention, since the breakwater is constructed by using the wave-dissipating caisson of claim 2, the action of the wave-dissipating caisson causes wave breakage to occur. Energy can be attenuated even more effectively, and reflected waves from caisson can be significantly reduced, resulting in safer navigation for vessels navigating offshore or entering the port. There is an effect to obtain.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a first embodiment of a wave-dissipating caisson according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a breakwater constructed using the wave-dissipating caisson of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing a second embodiment of the wave-dissipating caisson according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a breakwater constructed using the wave-dissipating caisson of the second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view showing a third embodiment of the wave-dissipating caisson according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a breakwater built using the wave-dissipating caisson of the third embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the wave-dissipating caisson according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Caisson body 2 Side wall of caisson body 3 Partition wall of caisson body 4 Bottom plate of caisson body 5 Parapet 6 Water tank 8 Outer wall of water tank 9 Wave breaker 10 Vertical hole provided inside the wave breaker 11 Provided in the wave breaker A horizontal hole that is a breakwater hole 12 A rubble mound that builds a breakwater 13 A wave breaker 14 A wave breaker 15 A wave breaker 16 A wave breaker 17 A wave breaker 9 'A wave breaker

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Akihiro Takemoto 1-24-4 Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Within Daihoken Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshioka Okazaki 1-24-4 Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Kiyoharu Sasaki 1-24-4 Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Daitoken Construction Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A wave-dissipating body having a wave-dissipating body integrally formed on at least one of side walls of a caisson body, the wave-dissipating body having a substantially mountain-shaped horizontal cross section and having a plurality of wave-dissipating holes. caisson. 2. A wave breaker having a water basin formed on one side inside the caisson body, and an outer wall on the side of the water basin having a substantially mountain-shaped horizontal cross section and a plurality of wave breaking holes. A wave-dissipating caisson characterized in that a body is integrally provided and at least a part of the plurality of wave-dissipating holes is communicated with a water tank. 3. A wave-dissipating caisson integrally provided with a wave-dissipating body having a plurality of wave-dissipating holes and having a horizontal cross-section substantially in the shape of a mountain on at least one of the side walls of the caisson body. A breakwater characterized by being constructed by arranging multiple wave-dissipating caisson side by side with the wave-dissipating body facing toward the side where the waves rush. 4. A wave breaker in which a water tank is formed on one side inside the caisson body, and an outer wall on the side of the water tank is formed with a substantially mountain-shaped horizontal cross section and has a plurality of wave breaking holes. Using a wave-dissipating caisson in which a body is integrally provided and at least a part of the plurality of wave-dissipating holes communicates with a water tank, the wave-dissipating caisson is directed toward the side where the wave-disintegrating body pushes the wave. A breakwater that is constructed by installing multiple side-by-side installations.