JPH06206439A - Heat pump type air-conditioning device for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an air-conditioning device with a high heating capacity obviating the defrosting operation and carrying out heating with a low electric power, by using an auxiliary heat exchanger as a heat exchanger for recovering the heat of the exhaust air from the inside to the outside of the car room, in a heating operation. CONSTITUTION:In a cooling operation, the coolant gas output from a compressor 1 driven by an engine is heat-exchanged with the outer air in an outdoor heat exchanger 2, and after it is condensed and liqufied, the coolant is led to an indoor heat exchanger 5 through a coolant throttle device 4 and evapolated, so as to cool the air passing in an air duct 20. In such an air-conditioning device, an indoor heat exchanger 21 for a rear cooler is provided in an air duct 23 as an auxiliary heat exchanger, and at the inlet side of the air duct 23, an indoor air leading-in port 26 or an indoor air exhaust port 25 is opened by a change-over damper 27. And at the heating operation, a rear cooler is operated for cooling, and the indoor heat exchanger 21 is functioned as a heat exchanger for recovering the heat of the exhaust air from the inside to the outside of the car room, so as to enhance the heating effect.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner equipped with an auxiliary heat exchanger for heating a vehicle with a heat pump.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional fuel-driven automobile air conditioner, for example, as shown in the specific structure of FIG. 4, a cooling operation is performed by driving a compressor 1 for compressing a refrigerant with an engine to perform outdoor heat exchange. After the heat is radiated to the air outside the vehicle compartment to condense and liquefy the refrigerant by the air conditioner 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger blower 3, the refrigerant is guided to the indoor heat exchanger 5 via the refrigerant expansion device 4, and the indoor blower 6 The air blown by is evaporated while cooling and the cooling action is performed.

The heating action is to stop the compressor 1 and let the engine cooling water (warm water) flow through the heater core 15 to heat the air blown by the indoor blower 6.

The temperature of the air blown from the vehicle interior air outlets 10, 11, 12 is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the mix damper 16 arranged in the ventilation duct 20.
This is performed by adjusting the amounts of warm air flowing through the heater core 15 and cold air bypassing the heater core 15. Further, the compressor 1 is driven by the engine, and the air cooled by the indoor heat exchanger 5 is reheated by the heater core 15, so that dehumidifying and heating can be performed. Further, by using the mix damper 16, it is possible to continuously change the blowout temperature from cooling to heating and vice versa.

On the other hand, a heat pump type air conditioner for driving a compressor by an electric motor, for example, an air conditioner for an electrically driven automobile is shown in FIG.
Shown in. The cooling action is similar to the above, but since there is no cooling water (warm water) for the engine in the heating device, the four-way switching valve 7 is used downstream of the compressor 1 to reverse the refrigerant flow path, and the indoor heat exchanger is used. After heating the air blown by the indoor air blower 6 to condense and liquefy the refrigerant, the refrigerant is guided to the outdoor heat exchanger 2 via the refrigerant expansion device 4, where the air outside the vehicle is cooled. At the same time, heat pump heating is performed in which the refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates. Therefore, since there is no mix damper like the air conditioner for a fuel-driven automobile, the blow-out temperature is adjusted by controlling the electric motor driving device 9 that drives the electric motor 8 to adjust the rotation speed of the compressor 1. Become. In addition, switching between heating and cooling is performed by the four-way switching valve 7
Is performed by switching the refrigerant flow path.

[0006]

In the heat pump heating in which the refrigerant absorbs and evaporates while cooling the air outside the vehicle compartment using the outdoor heat exchanger, the heating approaches the boiling point of the refrigerant as the vehicle exterior temperature decreases. The efficiency decreases and the power consumption of the electric motor that drives the compressor increases. In the case of an electrically driven vehicle, if the power consumption of the air conditioner becomes large, the power consumption of the vehicle driving electric motor will be suppressed, which will affect the running performance. Therefore, instead of introducing the air outside the vehicle compartment to heat it, the air inside the vehicle compartment is circulated for heating, so that the heat load is small and the power consumption of the electric motor driving the compressor is small. However, when circulating the air in the passenger compartment,
Since the vehicle interior humidity rises and the vehicle exterior temperature is low, the window glass becomes cloudy, which is inconvenient for driving safety.

Further, the outdoor heat exchanger is frosted depending on the conditions because the temperature outside the vehicle is low. Therefore, the heating operation must be stopped once and the defrosting operation must be performed, during which the occupant must endure the cold.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a heat pump type air conditioner for a vehicle which can be heated with low electric power and has a high heating capacity which does not require defrosting operation.

[0009]

In order to solve the above problems as a first means, the present invention relates to a vehicle heat pump type air conditioner equipped with an auxiliary heat exchanger for heating at least by a heat pump. At times, the auxiliary heat exchanger is used as a heat exchanger for heat recovery of exhaust air from indoors to outdoor.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention uses, as a second means, a rear air conditioner (hereinafter referred to as a rear cooler) for mainly cooling the rear seats of the vehicle.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems as a third means, the present invention makes it possible to operate the outdoor heat exchanger without frosting by using the auxiliary heater in the first means. .

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a fourth aspect of the present invention is that the auxiliary heater is an electric heater.

[0013]

According to the first means of the present invention, the heat absorbing / evaporating action of the refrigerant in the heat pump cycle for heating normally causes the outdoor heat exchanger to absorb heat from low outside air with low efficiency. Used to absorb heat from warm exhaust air with high efficiency.

According to the second means of the present invention, since the rear cooler is used as the auxiliary heat exchanger, it is not necessary to provide an auxiliary heat exchanger for heating.

According to the third means of the present invention, since the auxiliary heat exchanger absorbs heat with high efficiency, the auxiliary heat exchanger is used as a substitute for the heat absorption in the outdoor heat exchanger, thereby operating the outdoor heat exchanger. Can be stopped.

According to the fourth means of the present invention, since the electric heater is used as the auxiliary heat exchanger, installation and adjustment of electric power are easy and effective in terms of feasibility.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a vehicle heat pump type air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Here, the difference from the configuration diagram of the conventional heat pump air conditioner for a vehicle shown in FIG. 5 is that the embodiment of the present invention is different from the conventional example in FIG. 22,
Ventilation duct 23, refrigerant expansion device 24, vehicle interior air outlet 25, vehicle interior air inlet 26, exhaust inlet switching damper 2
7, three-way valve (1) 28, three-way valve (2) 29, outlet 30
Is added and part of the connection is changed. In the embodiment of the present invention, the indoor heat exchanger for the rear cooler is the auxiliary heat exchanger.

FIG. 3 is a layout view of the vehicle heat pump type air conditioner according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The operation is as follows.

When the vehicle interior is cooled, the four-way switching valve 7 is set as shown by the solid line in FIG. 1, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is guided to the outdoor heat exchanger 2, and is blown by the outdoor heat exchanger blower 3. Allow the refrigerant to condense. Next, the refrigerant is carried to the indoor heat exchanger 5 via the refrigerant expansion device 4, and cools and evaporates the air blown by the indoor air blower 6.

The rear cooler operates as follows.
By setting the three-way valve (1) 28 and the three-way valve (2) 29 as shown by the solid line in FIG. 1, the refrigerant is also carried to the indoor heat exchanger 21 through the refrigerant expansion device 24, and the indoor blower 22
The air blown by is cooled and evaporated. The vehicle interior air outlet 25 communicates with the outside of the vehicle compartment, and the vehicle interior air inlet 26 communicates with the vehicle interior. In this case, even if the vehicle interior air outlet 25 is opened by the exhaust introduction switching damper 27 to introduce the vehicle exterior air. Alternatively, the vehicle interior air may be introduced by opening the vehicle interior air introduction port 26.

When heating the passenger compartment by a normal method, the four-way switching valve 7 is set as shown by the broken line in FIG. The discharged refrigerant is guided to the indoor heat exchanger 5 by the compressor 1. Next, the air blown by the indoor air blower 6 is heated to condense and liquefy the refrigerant, which is then conveyed to the outdoor heat exchanger 2 via the refrigerant expansion device 4 and blown by the outdoor heat exchanger air blower 3. Cool the air and evaporate.

The rear cooler can also be operated for heating as follows. By setting the three-way valve (1) 28 and the three-way valve (2) 29 as shown by the solid line in FIG.
The discharged refrigerant is also guided to the indoor heat exchanger 21 by the compressor 1. Next, the air blown by the indoor blower 22 is heated to condense and liquefy the refrigerant, and the condensed refrigerant is conveyed to the outdoor heat exchanger 2 via the refrigerant expansion device 24. In this case, in order to prevent a rise in humidity, the exhaust air introduction switching damper 27 is used to remove the air in the vehicle interior
Open to introduce air outside the vehicle.

On the other hand, when heating the passenger compartment of the present invention with low electric power, the rear cooler is operated for cooling as follows in comparison with the normal heating, and heat exchange for heat recovery of exhaust air from the interior to the exterior is performed. Use as a container. The operation is as follows.

The four-way switching valve 7 is set as shown by the broken line in FIG. The discharged refrigerant is guided to the indoor heat exchanger 5 by the compressor 1. Next, the air blown by the indoor air blower 6 is heated to condense and liquefy the refrigerant, which is then conveyed to the outdoor heat exchanger 2 via the refrigerant expansion device 4 and blown by the outdoor heat exchanger air blower 3. Cool the air and evaporate.

Here, the indoor blower 22 is stopped. Further, the vehicle interior air exhaust port 25 is kept open by the exhaust introduction switching damper 27. With this setting, the air blown into the vehicle compartment by the indoor blower 6 enters the ventilation duct 23 from the air outlet 30 and the vehicle interior air outlet 25
Emitted from. Further, by setting the three-way valve (1) 28 and the three-way valve (2) 29 as shown by the broken line in FIG.
The refrigerant is also carried to the indoor heat exchanger 21 via the refrigerant expansion device 24, enters the ventilation duct 23, and the vehicle interior air exhaust port 2
The air discharged from 5 is cooled and evaporated.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a vehicle heat pump type air conditioner according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The difference from the configuration diagram of the vehicle heat pump type air conditioner according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is that the embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment shown in FIG. This is the point where the heater 32 is added.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the electric heater is an auxiliary heater. In the case of heating the vehicle compartment of the present invention with low electric power, the auxiliary heater is used as a substitute for heat absorption in the outdoor heat exchanger, so the operation is as follows.

The four-way switching valve 7 is set as shown by the broken line in FIG. The discharged refrigerant is guided to the indoor heat exchanger 5 by the compressor 1. Next, the air blown by the indoor blower 6 is heated to condense and liquefy the refrigerant. Also, auxiliary heating is performed with an electric heater.

The function of the outdoor heat exchanger 2 is stopped by completely refrigerating the refrigerant expansion device 4. Here, the indoor blower 22 is stopped. Also, the emission introduction switching damper 2
7, the air outlet 25 in the vehicle compartment is left open. With this setting, the air blown into the vehicle interior by the indoor air blower 6 enters the ventilation duct 23 from the air outlet 30 and is exhausted from the vehicle interior air exhaust port 25. Further, by setting the three-way valve (1) 28 and the three-way valve (2) 29 as shown by the broken line in FIG. 1, the refrigerant is carried only to the indoor heat exchanger 21 via the refrigerant expansion device 24, and the ventilation duct is formed. The air that enters the vehicle interior 23 and is exhausted from the vehicle interior air exhaust port 25 is cooled and evaporated.

Various arrangements, numbers, and configurations of heat exchangers can be applied within the scope of the gist of the present invention.

[0032]

According to the first means of the present invention, the heat absorption / evaporation sandbag of the refrigerant in the heat pump cycle for heating is
Normally, outdoor heat exchangers absorb heat from low outside air with low efficiency, while auxiliary heat exchangers absorb heat from warm exhaust air with high efficiency (to recover the heat of indoor air heated by the indoor heat exchanger). Therefore, the required electric power can be suppressed to be low as compared with the operation with only the outdoor heat exchanger (the required power of the outdoor heat exchanger may be low).

According to the second means of the present invention, since the rear cooler is used as the auxiliary heat exchanger, there is no need to provide an auxiliary heat exchanger for heating, and the cost, installation space, piping, etc. can be realized. Is effective in terms of.

According to the third means of the present invention, since the auxiliary heat exchanger absorbs heat with high efficiency, the auxiliary heat exchanger is used as a substitute for the heat absorption in the outdoor heat exchanger, thereby operating the outdoor heat exchanger. Can be stopped. Therefore, the defrosting operation is unnecessary and the heating operation can be continuously performed.

According to the fourth means of the present invention, since the electric heater is used as the auxiliary heat exchanger, installation and adjustment of electric power are easy and effective in terms of feasibility.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle heat pump type air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle heat pump type air conditioner according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing an arrangement of a vehicle heat pump type air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a conventional air-conditioning system for a vehicle driven by a fuel engine.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a conventional vehicle heat pump type air conditioner.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Outdoor heat exchanger 5 Indoor heat exchanger 21 Rear cooler indoor heat exchanger 31 Electric heater 32 Electric heater adjustment device

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A heat pump type air conditioner for a vehicle, which is equipped with an auxiliary heat exchanger for heating at least with a heat pump, wherein the auxiliary heat exchanger is used for heat recovery of exhaust air from indoors to outdoor during heating operation. A heat pump type air conditioner for a vehicle, which is used as a container. 2. The auxiliary heat exchanger is a rear air conditioner mainly for cooling a rear seat of a vehicle.
The vehicle heat pump type air conditioner described. 3. The heat pump type air conditioner for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the outdoor heat exchanger can be operated without frosting by using the auxiliary heater. 4. The heat pump type air conditioner for a vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the auxiliary heater is an electric heater.