JPH0619233A - Processing cartridge and image forming device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the image forming device where no excess in equipment, etc., is generated in a scanning optical system when the image is formed with the same processing cartridge attached to/detached from a multiple number of image forming device main bodies having different printing speed. CONSTITUTION:In the image forming device where the same processing cartridge 5 is attached to the plural image forming device main bodies 50 having different printing speed, an image is formed by the processing cartridge 5, etc., at each speed of image formation matched to the printing speed and the exposure light quantity responding to the image forming speed to an electrophotographic sensitive body 1 from the scanning optical systems 14 and 15 in each image forming device main body 50 is set to be approximately the same as the sensitivity of the electrophotographic sensitive body 1. Thus, the scanning optical systems 14 and 15 matched to the image forming speed are provided on the side of each image forming device main body 50 and no excess in equipment, etc., is generated in the scanning optical system.

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a copying machine and a laser beam.
An image forming apparatus such as a printer (LBP) and the image forming apparatus.
The present invention relates to a process cartridge used in a storage device. 2. Description of the Related Art Images adopting an electrophotographic system such as LBP
In the forming device, an electrophotographic photosensitive member as an image carrier is provided.
And the process means such as the charger are integrally assembled.
Attaching / detaching the formed process cartridge to / from the main body
There are many things. Maintenance of the process cartridge
It is for the purpose of facilitating, etc., and generally one image
One process cartridge for the forming device body
It is configured to correspond to one-to-one. On the other hand, printing speed (transfer per unit time)
A plurality of image forming apparatuses having different numbers of image formations for each material
, When a common process cartridge is used,
There is a match. In such an image forming apparatus, a process process
Image formation speed (process speed)
Process speed in each image forming device
Is constant, which is why the image is transferred to a transfer material.
After copying, the time and place until the image is transferred to the next transfer material
By changing the so-called paper interval time, the printing speed will be different.
It is configured to. [0004] However, the above-mentioned image
In image forming devices, the process speed is
High speed machine with high speed
On the low-speed machine side, where the degree is low,
Because it is compatible, the scanning optical system is high speed even if it is a low speed machine.
It will be equipped with the same machine. Therefore,
LEDs and semiconductor lasers and optical systems using these are slow
Over-equipment for the machine, causing cost increase
There was a problem that it would end up. Further, in the low speed machine, the distance between the transfer materials is long.
Therefore, when the device is operating without forming an image
It takes longer, so the process cartridge and image formation
There is a problem that the life of the device is shortened. Therefore, the object of the first invention is to
The same project can be applied to multiple image forming apparatus main bodies with different
When attaching and detaching the process cartridge to form an image,
Excessive equipment in the inspection optical system and shortening the life of the device
Image forming apparatus and process cart that does not end up
To provide a ridge. Here, the structure of the electrophotographic printer (LBP) is
The composition will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 16, reference numeral 5 indicates the apparatus main body 50.
It is a process cartridge that can be detached and attached, and this is
The photosensitive drum 1, which is a holding body, is arranged around the photosensitive drum 1.
Charging roller 2, developing device 3, and cleaning device 4
Is integrally incorporated in the housing 5a. On the side of the apparatus main body 50, a paper feed cassette is provided.
6, paper feed roller 7, paper feed guide 16, pair of registration rollers
9, transfer roller 10, fixing device 11, paper discharge roller pair 1
2, a paper discharge tray 13 and the like are provided. In addition,
The upper part of the process cartridge 5 is emitted according to the image information.
Scan the photosensitive drum 1 with the received laser light (image light L).
Meanwhile, the scanner unit 14 that exposes the photosensitive drum 1
Is provided. By the way, the fixing device 11 includes a fixing roller.
The fixing roller 11a and the pressure roller 11b are included.
The halogen heater 11c which is a heat source is provided inside the roller 11a.
Is built in. In such an image forming apparatus, the fixing device 11
Halogen heater 11 leaking from the end of the fixing roller 11a
The light from c is reflected directly or in the device body 50,
Photosensitive from the gap A between the burning device 4 and the transfer roller 10.
There was a problem that it reached the drum 1. By the way, the speeding up of image formation in recent years
In order to support the
The photosensitive drum 1 is a semiconductor laser,
High sensitivity to light wavelength of image exposure source such as laser, LED, fluorescent lamp
To react to. Therefore, the photosensitive drum 1
Is the light from the halogen heater 11c (wavelength about 600n
m), the photosensitive drum 1 is fixed to the fixing roller.
Light slightly reaching from the halogen heater 11c of the laser 11a
By the charging roller 2 before being charged by the charging roller 2.
The surface potential of the ram 1 is uneven, and the photosensitive drum after charging is
There is a problem that the potential of the column 1 is likely to be uneven. So
The uneven charging of the photosensitive drum 1 causes uneven density in the image.
It causes image defects such as fog. Therefore, the object of the second invention is to fix
The electrophotographic photosensitive member can be easily heated from the heat source light for heating the means.
Image forming apparatus and process cart that can be protected
To provide a ridge. By the way, in an image forming apparatus such as a copying machine.
To uniformly charge the photosensitive drum, which is the image carrier,
In addition to corona chargers, contact type charging devices may be used
Is becoming. The applicant of the present invention is
Apply a DC voltage to the conductive charging member that contacts the optical drum.
By applying a bias voltage that superimposes
The contact type charging device that evenly charges the body to be charged.
(See Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-174564). FIG. 17 shows an example of a contact type charging device.
The charging device includes a charging roller (charging unit) composed of a conductive member.
Material) 2 and the charging roller 2 is brought into contact with the photosensitive drum 1.
While rotating, the core metal portion 2a is charged with a charging start voltage.
(It is a voltage that can charge an object to be charged by contact charging.
More than twice the peak of about 550V at room temperature and pressure.
AC voltage with inter-voltage and constant DC voltage superimposed
By applying a bias voltage, the photosensitive drum 1 is
It is to be uniformly charged to the same voltage as the DC voltage. On the other hand, in the case of such a contact type charging device,
When the electric roller 2 is brought into contact with the photosensitive drum 1,
When the charging is started, the bias voltage applied to the cored bar 2a is applied.
Vibration occurs in the charging roller 2 due to the AC component of the pressure,
Between the charging roller 2 and the photosensitive drum 1, it is called a charging sound.
It is known that vibrating noise is generated. The mechanism of generation of the above charging noise will be described below with reference to FIG.
8 will be described. In addition, in FIG. 18, 1a is 4
Feeling of the photosensitive drum 1 rotating at a speed of 0 mm / sec
An optical layer, 1b is a grounded aluminum of the photosensitive drum 1.
It is a base layer made of nickel. 2b is the charging of the charging roller 2.
It is a layer, which is a rubber member such as carbon dispersed EPDN
It is composed of. First, as shown in FIG.
The positive side voltage of the bias voltage is printed on the core 2a of the roller 2.
When added, a positive charge q is generated on the surface of the charging layer 2b.
However, a negative charge q ′ is induced on the base layer 1b of the photosensitive drum 1.
Raised. And, these positive charge q and negative charge
Since the load q ′ attracts each other, the charging layer 2 of the charging roller 2
b is drawn to the photosensitive drum 1 side, and the position of the thin line from the position of the thick line
It transforms (or moves) into a place. Next, the alternating electric field of the bias voltage begins to reverse.
Then, as shown in FIG. 18B, the charging roller 2
Lath charge q and negative charge q'of photosensitive drum 1 disappear
To do. As a result, the charging layer 2b of the charging roller 2 is at the position of the thick line.
It will return to the position of the thin line from the place. Furthermore, the AC electric field of the bias voltage is negative
When the peak value of is reached, as shown in FIG.
The electric roller 2 has a negative charge q'and the photosensitive drum 1 has a negative charge.
Lath charge q is respectively induced, and the charging roller 2 has a thick line.
From the position to the position of the thin line again (or move)
Become. The above phenomenon is caused by the bias voltage (AC voltage).
Charging of the charging roller 2 because it repeatedly occurs according to changes
The layer 2b is vibrated, resulting in a charging noise.
Conceivable. The frequency of the AC voltage is f, and the charging roller 2
Let F be the vibration frequency of the
Since the electric roller 2 vibrates twice, the frequency f
It can be seen that there is a relationship of F (Hz) = 2f (Hz) between F. Here, the peak of the AC component of the bias voltage
If the inter-voltage is sufficiently smaller than twice the charging start voltage,
In this case, the charging noise can be reduced, but in this case,
The optical drum 1 is not uniformly charged, and the photosensitive drum 1 has spots.
Uneven charging occurs. Therefore, image formation in such a state
If this is performed, the spot-shaped uneven charging will affect the image surface.
A dot-shaped black dot image is formed, which can form a high-quality image.
The inconvenience of not being able to occur occurs. This is a low charge
The contact surface between the roller 2 and the photosensitive drum 1 is not an ideal adhesive surface.
Since there are microscopic irregularities between the contact surfaces,
If the peak-to-peak voltage is lowered, the so-called "leveling effect" due to the AC voltage
The result is lost, and the uniform band of the photosensitive drum 1 is generated by the AC voltage.
This is because the electric effect is reduced. Further, there is no charging noise caused by the charging roller 2.
In order to prevent the
Although a method of inserting members has been proposed, this method
Induced deformation of drum 1, increased weight, increased manufacturing cost, etc.
Therefore, it has not been put to practical use yet. Between the charging roller 2 and the photosensitive drum 1,
The vibration of the
A cleaning unit that is the cleaning unit 4a of the leaning device 4.
And the cleaning blade
Charging noise is generated between the photosensitive drum 1 and the photosensitive drum 1.
There was a problem of being lost. In particular, the cleaning device 4
Then, the cleaning blade 100 and the container body 4b are
The cleaning blade 100 is shaken because it is integrated.
Motion causes resonance in the container body, which causes the charging
A secondary charging noise that is louder than the charging noise caused by
To live. Further, in the image forming apparatus having the charging roller 2,
The photosensitive drum 1 and the cleaning device 4
If you use the process cartridge 5
Due to the device 4, the size from this process cartridge 5 is increased.
Charging noise is generated. Therefore, the object of the third invention is to charge
When charging the image carrier by contacting the members, the cleaner
To prevent secondary charging noise from the charging means
Image forming apparatus and process cartridge capable of performing
To do. On the other hand, in the color image forming apparatus, the image
The photosensitive drum, which is a carrier, is processed by an electrophotographic process.
The toner image is transferred to the transfer drum, etc.
Transferred to the transfer material that is wound around the material carrier and conveyed
It The image forming process is performed in yellow, magenta, and
If it is performed for each of Anne and Black,
The copying material is separated from the transfer material carrier, and the toner is transferred to the fixing device.
After the image is fixed, it is ejected out of the machine. In the above image forming process, for example,
The transfer drum wraps the transfer material of maximum A3 paper size
As a transfer material when it is configured to obtain
Even if A4 size paper is used, the transfer drum is
Since it rotates at a constant speed, the time required for image formation
Is the same time as when using A3 paper as the transfer material
Image transfer speed per sheet of transfer material
It was constant regardless of size. However, such a color image forming apparatus
In particular, the size of the transfer material used can be used.
If it is smaller than the maximum size that can be
Image forming process such as exposure, development, transfer, etc.
The percentage of time when none of the above is done increases.
The size of the transfer material that can be used by increasing the diameter of the transfer drum.
When the size is increased, images are transferred to transfer materials of the same size.
When the image is formed, the image formation speed decreases and the image
There is a problem that the processing time becomes long. Therefore, the object of the fourth invention is to transfer
Image processing per transfer material when the material size is small
Provided is an image forming apparatus capable of shortening the time.
And in. Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object,
The first aspect of the present invention includes a small number of charging means, developing means, and cleaning means.
It consists of at least one electrophotographic photoreceptor and
Can be attached to and detached from multiple image forming device bodies with different speeds
Compatible process cartridge, print speed
Image forming speed of each main body of each image forming device
Image formation with each image forming device book
Image formation speed on the electrophotographic photoreceptor from the internal scanning optics
The exposure light amount according to the
The feature is that it is set. The first aspect of the present invention is the charging means and the developing means clear.
From at least one of the means for burning and the electrophotographic photoreceptor
The common process cartridge that is configured
It can be attached to and detached from multiple image forming apparatus bodies with different degrees.
Image forming device, the print speed
The process cartridge at each imaging speed
Image formation is possible by using
Image form on the electrophotographic photoreceptor from the scanning optical system in the main body
The exposure light amount according to the growth rate is approximately the sensitivity of the electrophotographic photosensitive member.
The feature is that they are set to be the same. The second invention is an electrophotographic photoreceptor and a transfer means.
And cleaning means for the electrophotographic photoreceptor and heating
A fixing means having a source, and the cleaning means is an electronic means.
It is placed on the fixing unit side of the photoconductor and
Of the electrophotographic photosensitive member to the light wavelength of the heat source for heating the fixing means.
Half-decay exposure sensitivity is 3 cm ² / Image forming device with μJ or more
In the vicinity of the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the cleaning means
Block the heat source light leaked from the fixing unit from the edge to the transfer unit side.
A light blocking means between the electrophotographic photosensitive member and the fixing means,
Characterized by being installed near the exposed electrophotographic photoreceptor
And The second aspect of the invention is directed to a charging means, a developing means, and a cleaner.
At least one of the steering means and the electrophotographic photosensitive member are integrated.
Is made into a cartridge, and can be attached and detached in the main body of the image forming apparatus.
Wavelength of the heat source for heating the fixing means
Half-attenuation exposure sensitivity of electrophotographic photoconductor to 3 cm ² /
For process cartridges of μJ or more,
Cleaning provided on the fixing unit side with respect to the true photoconductor
Fixing means from the vicinity of the electrophotographic photosensitive member to the transfer means side
An electrophotographic photosensitive member is defined as a light-shielding device that blocks the heat source leaked from the
The electrophotographic photosensitive member is exposed between the mounting means and
It is characterized in that it is provided in the vicinity. In the third invention, a voltage having an AC component is applied.
The charging member to be contacted with the image bearing member so that the image bearing member is supported.
The developer remaining on the image carrier after transfer
In the image forming apparatus that is removed by the
The cleaning part of the cleaning means is a fur brush.
Alternatively, the feature is that it is composed of a magnet brush.
It In the third invention, the voltage having an AC component is
The applied charging member is brought into contact with the image carrier to bring the image carrier into contact.
To prevent the developer remaining on the image carrier from being charged.
Image forming apparatus removed by leaning means
The cleaning section of the cleaning means.
Characterized by a brush or magnet brush
It A fourth invention is a color formed on an image bearing member.
-The toner image is carried on the transfer material carrier.
Obtain a color image by transferring it on the transfer material.
In the image forming device, the transfer material should be oriented in the transfer material conveying direction.
The transfer material is shorter than the outer circumference of the transfer material carrier,
Transfer material from the rear end of the transfer material on the carrier to the front end of the transfer material
When the part that is not held faces the image carrier,
Characterized by increasing the moving speed of the transfer material carrier
It According to the first aspect of the present invention, images having different image forming speeds are
From the scanning optical system in the main body of the image forming apparatus to the electrophotographic photosensitive member
The exposure light intensity of the
Since the sensitivity is set to be approximately equal to the sensitivity of the body, the same process
Shape the right image at multiple imaging speeds using the cartridge
Can be made. According to the second invention, one of the cleaning means
Since the light-shielding means is provided in the section, heat leaked from the fixing means
The source light is effectively shielded by the light shielding means, and the electrophotographic photoreceptor
Is effectively protected. According to the third invention, the cleaning means
Make up the leaning part with a fur brush or a magnet brush.
The image carrier vibrates due to the vibration of the charging member.
Even if the vibration of the image carrier is on the main body side of the cleaning means.
Therefore, the generation of secondary charging noise is suppressed.
It According to the fourth invention, the transfer is not performed.
In particular, since the speed of the transfer material carrier is increased,
If the size of the transfer material is small, the image per
Image processing time is reduced. Embodiments <First Invention> Embodiments of the first invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.
Will be described. FIG. 1 is a main view of an electrophotographic printer (LBP)
It is a figure which shows the structure of a part, 5 is a process cartridge in the figure
This is an electrophotographic photosensitive member as an image carrier.
A photosensitive drum 1, which is disposed around the photosensitive drum 1.
Charging roller 2, developing device 3, cleaning device 4, etc.
The process equipment is integrally attached to the housing 5a.
The image forming apparatus main body 50 is attached and detached.
In addition, this process cartridge 5 is
It is provided for facilitation. The photosensitive drum 1 is made of aluminum or nickel.
OPC and amorpha on a cylinder made of kel material
Consists of a photosensitive material such as Se and amorphous Si
In the case of the present embodiment, the titanium lid with high sensitivity is used.
A Russiannin-based OPC photoconductor is used. Further, the developing device 3 is provided with a jumping device.
Photosensitized by development method such as image, two-component development, FEED development
Toner T is supplied to the electrostatic latent image on the drum 1 and the toner T
-It is what is visualized as an image. By the way, below the process cartridge 5
On the paper feed side of the
Roller pair 8, timing roller pair 9, and transfer roller 10
The fixing device 11 and the pair of discharge rollers 12 are provided on the discharge side.
A paper discharge tray 13 is arranged. Also, the process cart
The image light L is exposed on the photosensitive drum 1 above the ridge 5.
Laser scanner 14 and folding mirror 15
A scanning optical system is provided. The laser scanner 14 is shown in FIG.
A semiconductor laser 20 which is a laser light source,
Blinking laser light from the laser 20 (hereinafter referred to as image light L)
Collimator lens 21 for parallelizing the
Polygon mirror (rotation
Polygon) 22 and scanning image from the polygon mirror 22
The light L is reflected back to the photosensitive drum 1 via the mirror 15.
Imaging optical system 23 for forming (exposure) as a spot image
It consists of Then, the charging roller 2 uniformly charges the toner.
Laser scanner 14 and folding back onto the exposed photosensitive drum 1.
When the image light L is exposed through the mirror 15, this feeling
An electrostatic latent image is formed on the optical drum 1 (in this case,
Image, the charge in the latent image area is made smaller than that in other areas.
Exposure is often done). This electrostatic latent image is
It is directed toward the developing device 3 as the photosensitive drum 1 rotates,
Toner T is supplied by the developing device 3 to form a toner image.
And then visualized. In the case of image exposure, the charge is low.
Reversal development is performed in which toner T is supplied to an electrostatic latent image that does not exist.
Be done. The toner image has conductivity.
Is directed toward the transfer roller 10 composed of an elastic body,
The nip formed between the photosensitive drum 1 and
It is electrostatically transferred onto the transfer material P by the transfer roller 10.
In addition, the photosensitive drum 1 after the transfer is cleaned by a cleaning device.
4 removes the residual toner, and the next image is formed.
Be prepared for it. On the other hand, printing from the host computer
The transfer material P in the paper feed cassette 6 is
After being picked up one by one by the roller 7, the pair of transport rollers 8
Is sent to the timing roller pair 9 via the
And the toner image on the photosensitive drum 1 with the pair of roller pairs 9.
Between the photosensitive drum 1 and the transfer roller 10
Sent. Then, the toner image is formed by the transfer roller 10.
The transferred transfer material P is sent to the fixing device 11 and
The toner image is fused and fixed by the fixing device 11 and fixed.
After being put on, a paper discharge tray 13 is provided through a paper discharge roller pair 12.
Loaded on top. In FIG. 1, 16 and 17 are transfer
It is a conveyance guide for the material P. Here, the above image forming apparatus (hereinafter referred to as the first
A) A4 size transfer material P
Image formation is possible at a print speed of 16 sheets / min.
Noh. Then, in this case, an image formed by the photosensitive drum 1 or the like
The forming speed (so-called process speed) is 100 mm / se
c, and the distance between the transfer materials P that are continuously fed is 78 m.
It is set to m. Also, the sensitivity of the photosensitive drum 1 is
Is required to expose from the proper charging potential to the proper exposed portion potential.
If defined as the required exposure light amount, it is a high sensitivity value of 0.5 μJ.
/ Cm ² Has become. The above sensitivity (0.5 μJ / cm ² )of
The process cartridge 5 having the photosensitive drum 1 is
Electrophotographic Printer and Printing Speed and Printing Speed
Second electrophotography with different process speed to suit
The image is formed by mounting it in the image forming apparatus main body 50 of the printer.
The case will be described below. First, the exposure of the image light L from the scanning optical system is performed.
The exposure light amount E to the ram 1 will be described. That is, the laser
Optical efficiency of the optical device in the scanner 14 (semiconductor laser 2
Image light L emitted from 0 to the collimator lens 21
Capture rate, transmittance of collimator lens 21, polygon
(Reflecting the reflectance of the mirror 22 etc.) is α and folded
The optical efficiency of the mirror 15 is β, and the focal length of the imaging optical system 23 is
F, the number of mirror surfaces of the polygon mirror 22, n, a semiconductor laser
20 output (emission intensity) is P and process speed is V
Then, the exposure light amount E of the photosensitive drum 1 is represented by the following equation: E = α · β · P / {(4π · f / n) · V} (1) The above equation (1) will be described with reference to FIG.
In the quadrant, the image light L emitted from the semiconductor laser 20 is not reflected.
It shows the state of reaching to Ra 15 and reaching half.
Emission intensity (mW) of the conductor laser 20 and the semiconductor laser 2
Intensity of light when the image light L from 0 exits the imaging optical system 23
The relationship with (mW) is fixed at 4π · f / n (for example,
(N = 6, f = 15 cm), optical efficiency α is a parameter
(The slope of the straight line changes as the optical efficiency α changes)
Is shown. The optical efficiency α was obtained from the semiconductor laser 20.
Although it depends on how the light spreads, this first electronic copy
In case of true printer, it becomes the typical value (17.7%)
ing. And a collimator with such an attenuation factor
It can be made reasonably from the light intake rate of the lens 21.
However, let's reduce the attenuation rate any more and raise the optical efficiency α.
Then, do not make the light from the collimator lens 21 bright.
The collimator lens 21 becomes large and
Since the point depth becomes shallower, if the optical efficiency α exceeds 30%
Special measures such as focus correction for focus fluctuation due to thermal expansion
Will be needed. The second quadrant is attenuated by the folding mirror 15.
And the intensity of the image light L emitted from the imaging optical system 23 and
It is reflected by the folding mirror 15 and reaches the photosensitive drum 1.
The relationship with the intensity of the image light L
Parameter of optical efficiency β
Changes in the slope of). Fold back Mi
After depositing aluminum on the glass surface,
This is the first electrophotography that has been subjected to antioxidant treatment.
In the case of a printer, the optical efficiency β is about 77.3%.
It The optical efficiency β of the folding mirror 15 is about 85%.
Can be increased up to
It becomes necessary to use expensive copper for the reflective film. In the third quadrant, the photosensitive drum 1 is an image of a constant intensity.
It is given to the drum surface of the photosensitive drum 1 when scanning with the light L.
It shows the amount of exposure light to be emitted,
The intensity of the emitted image light L and the drum surface of the photosensitive drum 1
The process speed V is a parameter
(The slope of the straight line changes with the change of process speed V.
). The first electronic photograph
In the case of a printer, the process speed V is 10 as described above.
It is 0 mm / sec. Therefore, in this first electrophotographic printer,
2.3mW with a reasonable rating of 5mW semiconductor laser 20
Output of the image light L at the exit of the imaging optical system 23,
The intensity is about 0.2 mW, and the image light at the exit of the folding mirror 15
The intensity of L is about 0.16 mW,
The amount of exposure light on the ram surface is 0.5 μJ / cm ² Can be
Wear. That is, this exposure light amount is set to the sensitivity (0.
5 μJ / cm ² ) And the photosensitive drum
Appropriate image formation that matches the sensitivity of system 1
It will be. Next, the same process cartridge as above.
5 (sensitivity of photosensitive drum 1 is 0.5 μJ / cm ² Thing)
Print speed 8 sheets / min (A4 size transfer material P
, Process speed 50 mm / sec, transfer material P
Mounted on a second electrophotographic printer with a space of 78 mm
The case of forming an image will be described. In this case, scanning within the image forming apparatus main body 50
Make sure the optical system is the same as that of the first electrophotographic printer.
If the process speed V is slow, the photosensitive drum 1
The amount of exposure light on the ram surface increases, and the amount of exposure light increases
It is not appropriate because it exceeds the sensitivity of 1. Therefore, in the second electrophotographic printer, an example is given.
For example, the optical efficiency β of the folding mirror 15 is determined by the first electrophotography.
38.6% which is half of the case of the printer, drum surface
Optimum amount of exposure light to the same value as the sensitivity of the photosensitive drum 1
0.5 μJ / cm ² I decided to. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, this second electron
Even a photographic printer cannot use a semiconductor laser 20 rated at 5 mW
Without using 2.3mW output and laser
Optical efficiency α of the canna 14 is 17.7%, polygon mirror
The number n of mirror surfaces of 22 is 6, and the focal length f of the imaging optical system 23 is 1
Since it is set to 5 cm, the image light at the exit of the imaging optical system 23
The intensity of L is about 0.2 mW. On the other hand, the optical efficiency β of the folding mirror 15 is
Since it is 38.6%, the slope of the straight line in the second quadrant is
Change from the case of the first electrophotographic printer, the photosensitive drum
The intensity of the image light L reaching 1 is about 0.08 mW.
In the third quadrant, the process speed V is the first electron
Since it is half that of a photo printer, it is in the 3rd quadrant.
The slope of the straight line in
The exposure light amount reaching the ram surface is almost the same as the sensitivity of the photosensitive drum 1.
0.5 μJ / cm ² Becomes In the second electrophotographic printer described above,
For the same process cartridge 5,
Folding of the scanning optical system to handle the process speed
The optical efficiency β of the mirror 15 is changed.
Not limited to this, as is clear from the equation (1), the imaging optical system 2
Change the focal length f of 3 and the number of mirror surfaces n of the polygon mirror 22
Optical efficiency β, focal length f, number of mirror surfaces n, etc.
And then change it to the drum surface of the photosensitive drum 1 finally.
The amount of exposure light is sensitive (0.5 μJ / cm ² ) Is almost equal to
It may be. As described above, the same process cartridge
5, a plurality of image forming apparatus main bodies 50 having different printing speeds
If you want to detach and use it inside, use the plug suitable for the printing speed.
Since the image can be formed at the process speed,
Need to have extra process cartridge 5 in stock
Of course, each image forming apparatus main body 50
On the side, the optimum scanning optical system that matches the process speed
Since it only needs to be equipped, printing speed is especially low.
In a low speed machine, the performance of the scanning
There is no inconvenience that it will increase the cost of installation
Yes. Further, as in the conventional case, the change in print speed is
Since it is not necessary to adjust the distance between the transfer materials P,
Especially when the machine is a low-speed machine, the machine operates without forming an image.
There is no need to spend a lot of wasted time,
Service life of the process cartridge 5 and the image forming apparatus main body 50.
There is no inconvenience of shortening by the amount. Furthermore, the process cartridge 5 is printed.
Attaching to and detaching from a plurality of image forming apparatus main bodies 50 at different speeds,
Image at the process speed suitable for each print speed
When forming an image, the photosensitive drum 1 has a predetermined high sensitivity.
Since the electrophotographic photoreceptor is used, the main body of the image forming apparatus
There is no need to specially deal with the scanning optical system on the 50 side,
In that sense, the disadvantage of increasing the cost of the device is
Absent. The optical efficiency α of the laser scanner 14 is set to 3
0%, raising the optical efficiency β of the folding mirror 15 to 85%
Output of a 5mW rated semiconductor laser
Even if used at (2.3 mW), normal process speed
Mode, 1 μJ / cm ² Exposure of the photosensitive drum 1
Can shine. Therefore, significant cost increase and special
Images can be formed at multiple process speeds without any special support.
The upper limit of sensitivity of photosensitive drum 1 is 1 μJ / cm ² degree
Becomes Next, a second embodiment of the first invention will be described with reference to FIG.
explain. It has the same function as that of the first embodiment.
The same symbols are attached to the items and the description thereof is omitted.
It In this embodiment, inside the process cartridge 5
Main cartridge with developing device 3 of sub-cartridge
Can be attached to and detached from the process cartridge 5
The developing device 3 is installed or the process cartridge 5 is installed.
From the image forming apparatus main body 50 side
It is the case. In addition, the structure and feeling of the process cartridge 5
The sensitivity of the optical drum 1 and the sensitivity of the first and second electrophotographic printers
The configuration and the like are exactly the same as those of the first embodiment. That is,
For first and second electrophotographic printers with different printing speeds
In the main body 50 of the image forming apparatus,
The process cartridge is provided with the cartridge 5 detachably arranged.
Ridge 5 etc. makes the process speed suitable for the printing speed.
The image can be formed on the card. Here, in a high-speed machine having a high printing speed,
Since the process speed is also high, the toner in the developing device 3
The amount of toner T consumed is large, and the developing device 3 also has a large amount of toner T stored therein.
A large size is required. Also, the printing speed is small
On low speed machines, the process speed is small, so the toner
The consumption of T is also small, and therefore the developing device 3 is small.
Good. Especially, the low-speed machine should be near the host computer.
Since it is used by leaving it, it is desired to be small. In the case of a high speed machine, the process cart is used.
The large developing device 3 which is a sub cartridge is attached to the ridge 5.
Used by mounting, or image formation with large developing device 3
If it is provided on the apparatus main body 50 side, the consumption of toner T
Even if the amount is large, this process cartridge 5 is sufficient
You will be able to respond. For low speed machines, process
Small developing device that is a sub cartridge in the cartridge 5.
3 to use, or use a small developing device 3 as an image
If it is provided on the forming device main body 50 side, this process
The cartridge 5 is enough to meet the needs of device miniaturization
It will be possible to respond. As described above, the developing device 3 is installed in the process cart.
Allowable to separate or separate from ridge 5
Since the same process cartridge 5 is used,
Mounted on multiple image forming device bodies 50 with different speeds
Even when used as a
The developing device 3 can be selected. Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
Reveal In addition, it has the same function as that of the first embodiment.
The same reference numerals are given to those, and the description thereof will be omitted. In this embodiment, the same process cartridge is used.
Print speed of J5 (Process speed is also this print
Different according to the speed), for example, the first embodiment
And second electrophotographic printer image forming apparatus according to the present invention
This process cartridge is detachably arranged in the body 50.
If you want to form images with different resolutions by
The case will be described. The image reproduction accuracy (resolution) depends on the process parameter.
The ability of the scanning optical system depends on the ability of the cartridge 5.
The surface that is affected by power is also large. Therefore, the same process
Image forming apparatus with different resolutions using the cartridge 5.
It is possible. That is, with the same resolution
If you double the speed, the image clock becomes 4 times the square.
However, on the contrary, when the process speed is halved, the same image
Lock can double the resolution. In this case, the resolution is higher
The exposure light diameter of the image light L on the photosensitive drum 1
It is necessary to reduce the pot diameter), but for this reason exposure
It becomes necessary to increase the amount of light, and the collimator level of the scanning optical system
If the diameter of the lens 21 is increased, the collimator lens 21
It is necessary to increase the diameter of the light beam emitted from it. On the other hand, the diameter of the collimator lens 21 is large.
The longer the focal length, the larger the focal length and the larger the F number.
Therefore, the optical efficiency α of the laser scanner becomes smaller,
Even if the optical efficiency α drops, the process speed V also drops
Therefore, from the relationship of the formula (1) described in the first embodiment,
The amount of light on the drum surface of the optical drum 1 does not have to be reduced.
It Therefore, for example, the printing speed is 16 sheets / m.
in (A4 size transfer material P base), process speed
Is 100 mm / sec, and the image light L of the scanning optical system is
The first with a spot diameter of 100 μm and a resolution of 300 dpi
Same process after forming image with electrophotographic printer
Cartridge 5 at printer speed 8 sheets / min (A4 size
Transfer material P base), process speed is 50mm /
Second electrophotographic printer with sec and resolution of 600 dpi
This second electronic photograph when mounted inside to form an image
Solve the spot diameter of the image light L by the scanning optical system of the printer
To obtain a value (60 μm) commensurate with the image resolution of 600 dpi,
The diameter of the remeter lens 21 may be increased. As described above, different printing speeds (
Process speed varies according to print speed) Multiple
The collimator lens 21 of the scanning optical system of the image forming apparatus of
Since it is changed according to the resolution of the formed image,
Identical process capability for image forming devices with different printing speeds
The process speed can be improved by installing the cartridge 5.
To be able to form an appropriate image at various resolutions corresponding to
Becomes In the above first to third embodiments,
A laser beam printer (LBP) as an image forming device
Although described as an example, the present invention is not limited to this, and an LED printer
But similarly, the optical efficiency of SELFOX lens and LED
The present invention can be applied by adjusting the driving current. In addition, the first
In addition, in the third embodiment, the electrophotographic photoreceptor and the charging hand are used.
Process car consisting of stages, developing means, and cleaning means
I explained Tridge, but it is not limited to this.
Cartridge is charging means, developing means or cleaning hand.
The step and the electrophotographic photosensitive member are integrally formed into a cartridge,
Image forming apparatus (eg, copying machine, LB)
(P, etc.) may be removable from the main body
In addition, the number of charging means, developing means, and cleaning means
At least one cartridge and the electrophotographic photosensitive member are integrated
Image forming device (eg, copying machine, LBP, etc.)
It may be removable from the body. However, the second real
In the process cartridge according to the embodiment, the developing unit is
It has been made into a cartridge or on the side of the main body of the image forming apparatus.
It must be installed. <Second Invention> An embodiment of the second invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
And explain. First, the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
Reveal FIG. 6 shows the conventional image described with reference to FIG.
Same basic structure and operation as the image forming apparatus (LBP)
Image forming apparatus, the basic functions of each device are
It is the same as that of the image forming apparatus shown in FIG.
Therefore, the same elements are given the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.
It Here, the photosensitive drum 1, the charging roller 2, the current
Process cart with image device 3, cleaning device 4, etc.
The ridge 5 is configured and the transfer material P is fed
Cassette 6, paper feed roller 7, paper feed guide 16, registration
Roller pair 9, transfer roller 10, fixing device 11, paper discharge tray
By passing through the sheet pair 12 and the paper discharge tray 13, etc.
An image is formed on the. In FIG. 6, 14 is a scanner
It is a unit. The photosensitive drum 1 has an outer diameter of 30 mm, for example.
The charge generation layer (sti
Oxotitanyl phthalocyanine using len resin as binder
And a charge transport layer (polyether)
Hydrazone-based compound using carbonate resin as binder
Object is dispersed) is applied,
In the arrow direction of FIG. 6, for example, a process speed of 47 mm / sec.
It rotates at a speed of speed and is charged to -700V by the charging roller 2.
Light from the scanner unit 14
Wavelength 780nm, light intensity 0.2μJμ / Jcm ² Image light
Exposed by L. This photosensitive drum 1 is used for exposure and development.
Attenuation to half the pre-exposure potential within the process time between
Exposure E required to do _1/2 Halved represented by the reciprocal of
Decreased exposure sensitivity (1 / E _1/2 ) Is the light wavelength of 780 nm and 60
6 cm at 0 nm ² / ΜJ, 4.5 cm ² / Μ
It is a high-sensitivity electrophotographic photoreceptor showing J. Further, the cleaning device 4 is a photosensitive drum.
This photosensitive drum is placed in the counter direction with respect to the rotation direction of the drum 1.
Abutting the drum 1 and scraping off the residual toner on the photosensitive drum 1.
Cleaning blade 4a made of urethane rubber, etc.
And was scraped off by the cleaning blade 4a
It is composed of a cleaner container 4b for containing toner and the like.
It Further, the fixing device 11 includes the fixing roller 1
The fixing roller 11 includes a pressure roller 11b and a pressure roller 11b.
Halogen heater 11c (light wavelength
Is about 600 nm). By the way, in general, the transfer material P conveying path is exposed to light.
Since the transfer material P is provided below the drum 1, the transfer material P is conveyed in the conveying direction.
Is determined, the rotation direction of the photosensitive drum 1 is determined. Immediately
The rotation direction of the photosensitive drum 1 at the transfer position is the discharge side
The photosensitive drum 1 is rotated so as to face. The image forming work on the photosensitive drum 1 is
After copying, cleaning, charging, exposure, and development order
Therefore, the cleaning device 4 is attached to the photosensitive drum 1.
On the other hand, the transfer material P is positioned on the discharge side. And this
This means that the cleaning device 4 is the process cartridge 5
This is true regardless of whether or not it is built in. On the other hand, the transfer roller 10 side of the photosensitive drum 1
Means that the photosensitive drum 1 is a housing of the process cartridge 5.
Since it is exposed to the outside even when it is inside the ring 5a,
The fixing roller of the fixing device 11 arranged on the discharge side of the transfer material P
Light from the halogen heater 11c leaking from the end of the laser 11a
However, cleaning is performed directly or by reflecting in the device body 50.
It reaches the photosensitive drum 1 through the gap between the device 4 and the transfer roller 10.
The problem arises that Especially, the photosensitive drum 1 is high
Light with high sensitivity is used, and light from the halogen heater 11c is used.
Since it reacts well to the
There arises a problem that uneven electric potential occurs. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the cleaning device
4 (in this case, also constitutes part of the housing 5a)
The gap between the cleaning device 4 and the transfer roller 10.
The halogen of the fixing device 11 can be
Shield the photosensitive drum 1 from the light from the heater 11c
It was to so. That is, the cleaner container of the cleaning device 4
This photosensitive drum is placed at the closest position to the photosensitive drum 1 below 4b.
Along the longitudinal direction of the frame 1, its length S is, for example, 8 mm.
The collar 20 that does not transmit light (black portion in the figure) is the photosensitive drum 1.
It was provided downward so as to cover. The fixing device 11 has a halogen
The reflected light in the device body 50 from the heater 11c
In order to prevent it from reaching the photosensitive drum 1, the collar 20 is exposed.
As close as possible to the photosensitive drum 1, the surface of the photosensitive drum 1
It is desirable to provide along. Thus, the fixing roller 11a of the fixing device 11
The halogen heater 11c is turned on, and whether the fixing roller 11a
The leaked light from the gap causes a gap between the cleaning device 4 and the transfer roller 4.
Even if you try to reach the photosensitive drum 1 side via
It is reflected by the collar 20 of the cleaning device 4 and is exposed to light.
The amount of light reaching the ram 1 side is extremely small. Therefore, the obi
Unevenness in the surface potential of the photosensitive drum 1 before the electrification process
And there is unevenness in the potential of the photosensitive drum 1 after charging.
There is no fuzzing and uneven density or fog occurs in the image.
It never happens. As described above, part of the cleaning device 4
Just install a simple collar 20 on the photosensitive drum 1
The influence of light from the halogen heater 11c of the fixing device 11 is reduced.
Since it can be reduced, cleaning the photosensitive drum 1
The cleaning device compared to the case where the entire cleaning device 4 is covered.
4 downsizing and cost reduction can be achieved, process cart
The ridge 5 is downsized, the cost is reduced, and
Miniaturization and cost reduction can also be achieved. Incidentally, the halogen heater 11c of the photosensitive drum 1
-Attenuation dew for leaked light from the light
Light sensitivity is 3 cm ² / ΜJ or less, which has a relatively low sensitivity
When using the ram (electrophotographic photoreceptor) 1, use the same procedure as above.
There are few problems. Next, a second embodiment of the second invention is shown in FIGS.
8 will be described. Incidentally, in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the first
Those having the same functions as those according to the embodiment are the same.
A single reference numeral is given and the description thereof is omitted below.
It FIG. 7 shows, for example, the photosensitive drum 1 of LBP.
The installation status of the main equipment up to the arrival device 11 is also shown.
Therefore, the circumference of the photosensitive drum 1 driven to rotate in the direction of the arrow in the figure
A primary corona charger that works in the same way as the charging roller 2
2 ', transfer corona charging that works like transfer roller 10
Device 10 ', cleaning device 4, scanner unit 14
And a fixing roller 11 on the paper discharge side of the photosensitive drum 1.
Arrangement of fixing device 11 composed of a and pressure roller 11b
Has been done. Then, the fixing roller 11a of the fixing device 11
Inside, a halogen lamp for heating with a light wavelength of about 600 nm
11c is provided. In addition, the image type by such equipment
Since the composition is the same as that of the first embodiment, its explanation
Is omitted. The photosensitive drum 1 has an outer diameter of 80 mm.
The outer peripheral surface of the aluminum cylinder has a thickness of 20 μm.
Lufas silicon (A-Si) photoconductor coated
Then, in the direction of the arrow in FIG.
Rotated at the process speed, the primary corona charger 2 '
Is uniformly charged to + 500V. This photosensitive drum 1
CAN unit 14 (semiconductor laser with an oscillation wavelength of 780 nm
Half-attenuation exposure sensitivity (1 /
E _1/2 ) Is 2.5 cm ² / ΜJ for the image light L
Sensitivity is 3 cm, which was a problem in the first embodiment. ² / From μJ
Is also low. However, the light wavelengths of the photosensitive drum 1 are
Half decay exposure sensitivity (1 / E _1/2 8) shown in FIG.
For example, light from the halogen heater 11c of the fixing device 11 (wave
The scanner unit 1 has a sensitivity to a length of about 600 nm).
Since the sensitivity to the image light L from 4 is about 5 times,
The photosensitive drum 1 is a halogen heater 11c of the fixing device 11.
It will be possible to be fully affected by the light from. On the other hand, the cleaning device 4 is the photosensitive drum 1
Is disposed on the paper discharge side, and the fixing device 11 is also disposed on the paper discharge side.
Therefore, the end portion of the fixing roller 11a of the fixing device 11
Light from the halogen heater 11c leaking from the
It is reflected in the mounting main body 50 and is transferred to the cleaning device 4 and the transfer copier.
It reaches the photosensitive drum 1 through the gap of Rona charger 10 '.
U Therefore, the photosensitive drum 1 is a halogen heater of the fixing device 11.
This photosensitive drum is exposed to light from the data 11c.
In No. 1, potential unevenness occurs. Therefore, also in this embodiment, cleaning
Of the cleaner unit 4b below the cleaner unit 4b to the photosensitive drum 1.
The length of the photosensitive drum 1 is fully
For example, a collar 21 having a height S of 15 mm does not transmit light (see FIG. 7).
(The middle and black parts) are transferred along the circumferential direction of the photosensitive drum 1.
It is provided toward the charger 10 'side. Therefore, also in this embodiment, the fixing device 1
This cleaning device emits light from the halogen heater 11c of No. 1
It can be blocked by the simple collar 21 provided on the 5
The same effect as the embodiment can be obtained. Next, a third embodiment of the second invention is shown in FIG. 9 and FIG.
It will be described based on 10. In addition, in FIG. 9 and FIG.
Are those having the same functions as those of the first embodiment.
Are given the same reference numerals, and
The description is omitted. The image forming apparatus (LBP) according to this embodiment is
Similar to the conventional image forming apparatus shown in FIG. 16 (first embodiment
The same as the image forming apparatus according to the example)
In the embodiment, the photosensitive drum 1 of the process cartridge 5 is
Pay attention to the drum cover 30 that protects the process cartridge.
When the cover 5 is mounted in the apparatus main body 50, the fixing device
The light from the halogen heater 11c of 11 is a cleaning device.
It reaches the photosensitive drum 1 side from the gap between the placement 4 and the transfer roller 10.
This drum cover 30 is used to prevent this. The drum cover 30 is as shown in FIG.
The process cartridge 5 from the housing 5a, etc.
Cover the exposed part of the photosensitive drum 1 exposed to the
Arc shape to protect the ram 1 from outside light and mechanical shock
A cover, which is the shaft 3 provided on the housing 5a
A shaft 33 is provided at one end of an arm member 32 that rotates about 1.
And is installed. Then, as shown in FIG.
Install the process cartridge 5 in the main body 50
For example, the arm member 32 is rotated clockwise in FIG.
The ram cover 30 moves below the cleaning device 4.
The transfer roller 10 side of the photosensitive drum 1 is exposed,
It is ready to be formed. In addition, the process cartridge 5
The arm member 32 rotates when taken out from the device body 50.
Then, the drum cover 30 is returned to the position shown in FIG. Thus, in this embodiment, the process cartridge is
The drum 5 is mounted inside the apparatus main body 50, and the drum cover 30
If the drive moves below the cleaning device 4,
The cleaning device 4 and the transfer roller 1
0 of the fixing device 11 is partially covered with the halogen of the fixing device 11.
Prevent the light from the heater 11c from reaching the photosensitive drum 1.
did. In this case, the position adjustment of the drum cover 30 is performed by the shaft 3
Positions of 1, 33, length of arm member 32, arm member 3
It is assumed that the rotation angle of 2 is used. Therefore, also in this embodiment, the same as in the first embodiment.
The effect can be obtained, but especially in the case of this embodiment,
Special means in the first and second embodiments (collars 20, 2)
Since it is not necessary to provide 1), the process cartridge 5
And an image forming apparatus having the process cartridge 5
Further cost reduction can be achieved. In the above first to third embodiments,
Is a laser beam printer (LB) as an image forming apparatus.
P) has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this and a copying machine or the like can be used.
Of course, it is okay. In addition, the first and third embodiments
The process cartridge 5 according to is not limited to that described above,
Charging means (charging roller 2), developing means (developing device 3),
Or less cleaning means (cleaning device 4)
It consists of one and an electrophotographic photosensitive member (photosensitive drum 1).
Anything can be used. However, the process according to the first embodiment
In the cartridge 5, in addition to the photosensitive drum 1,
If it has a burning device 4, a cleaning device
By installing the collar 20 on the storage device 4, the cleaning device 4
Process cartridge 5 compared with the case of enlarging
There is a merit that it is possible to achieve miniaturization and the like. <Third invention> An embodiment of the third invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
I will explain. First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
And explain. FIG. 11 shows a laser beam printer (LBP).
The cross section of the main part of the image forming apparatus such as
Medium 1 is a feeling as an image carrier that is rotated in the direction of the arrow.
The optical drum (electrophotographic photosensitive member) 1. The photosensitive drum 1
A charging roller 2 as a charging means, a developing means
Developing device 3 as a cleaning device and a cleaning device as a cleaning device.
Is provided with a processing device 2,
3, 4 are integrated with the photosensitive drum 1 in the housing 5a.
Stored in the process cartridge 5
The process cartridge 5 can be attached to and detached from the apparatus main body 50.
It is arranged freely. The process cartridge 5
Individual equipment, such as when the equipment inside it has reached the end of its useful life.
By replacing the entire device, not replacing it
This is to facilitate maintenance. By the way, the charging roller 2 is a photosensitive drum.
The photosensitive drum is rotated by being driven while being in contact with the drum 1.
Is a charging member that uniformly and primarily charges the outer surface of the frame 1.
A cored bar portion 2a made of a magnetic material and serving as a rotating shaft, and the core
Charging portion 2b (carbo) formed concentrically around gold portion 2a
Made of low resistance rubber etc. with dispersed resin)
Has been done. The charging roller 2 has a charging unit.
2b with a certain pressure so that it forms a nip part.
Pressed against the ram 1. The charging roller 2 is used for charging work.
A bar in which an AC voltage is superimposed on a DC voltage is applied to the core 2a of the lever.
The bias voltage is applied, but this is
Therefore, a voltage is induced on the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 via the charging section 2b.
The same as the DC component of the bias voltage.
It has the function of uniformly charging the voltage. The developing device 3 is mounted on the photosensitive drum 1.
Toner T is supplied to the latent image and visualized as a toner image
The toner T in the toner storage chamber 3a is agitated.
It is supplied to the developing sleeve 3c side through the member 3b, and the developing
Toner T is supplied to the photosensitive drum 1 side through the sleeve 3c
To do. 3d is a magnet around the developing sleeve 3c.
When the layer thickness of the toner T adsorbed via force or the like is regulated,
It is a developing blade that gives triboelectric charge to the toner T.
It Further, the cleaning device 4 is
Is to clean the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 of
A cleaner for collecting the residual waste toner T'on the photosensitive drum 1.
Collected by the cleaning unit 4a and the cleaning unit 4a.
Container body 4b for storing waste toner T'and cleaning
The waste toner T ′ collected by the bag portion 4a is stored in the container body 4b.
Squishy sheet 4c, etc. to prevent the outflow from the outside
It is composed of On the paper feed side of the process cartridge 5,
Is a paper feed cassette 6, paper feed roller 7, registration roller
9, a transfer roller 10 is provided, and the fixing device 1 is provided on the discharge side.
1. A paper discharge tray 13 is provided. Then, the charging roller 2 is set to a predetermined potential.
Scanner unit (not shown) on the photosensitive drum 1 that is charged in the same manner
When the image light L is exposed to light through the photosensitive drum 1
An electrostatic latent image is formed on the top. The electrostatic latent image is a photosensitive drum.
Along with the rotation of the frame 1, it faces the developing sleeve 3c side of the developing device 3.
And the toner T is supplied by the developing sleeve 3c.
And is visualized as a toner image. Then this toner
The image is a transfer material from the photosensitive drum 1 via the transfer roller 10.
The photosensitive drum 1 that has been transferred onto the P
The residual toner T ′ is removed by the cleaning device 4.
And is prepared for the next image formation. On the other hand, the transfer material P in the paper feeding cassette 6 is supplied.
After being taken out one by one by the paper roller 7, the resist
It is sent to the roller 9 and is registered by the registration roller 9.
The image is mixed and supplied to the photosensitive drum 1 side. That
And the transfer material P that has received the transfer of the toner image from the photosensitive drum 1.
Is sent to the fixing device 11 and is transmitted by the fixing device 11.
After the toner image is fixed as a permanent image, it is ejected outside the machine.
And the sheets are stacked on the discharge tray 13. By the way, the charging roller 2 is attached to the photosensitive drum 1.
The charging roller 2 is brought into contact with the charging roller 2, and
If an ass voltage is applied, the charging roller 2 causes a photosensitive
The ram 1 is charged well, but as mentioned above,
The roller 2 vibrates and the charging roller 2 and the photosensitive drum 1
A charging noise will be generated during this period, but this vibration
The crystal that propagates to the ram 1 and is in contact with the photosensitive drum 1
Cleaning blade of cleaning device 4 (cleaning
The part 4a) is vibrated, and this resonates with the container body 4b,
There is an inconvenience that the charging noise is further increased. Therefore, in this embodiment, cleaning
Of the fur brush 40 to the cleaning unit 4a of the cleaning device 4.
It is composed of the scraper 41 and the vibration of the photosensitive drum 1
To the charging device 2 so that it does not reach the charging device 4.
The occurrence of secondary charging noise on the cleaning device 4 side caused by
I got it. That is, the bristles 40a are planted around the rotary shaft 40b.
The fur brush 40 that has been taken in is attached to the tip of the soft bristles 40a.
Touch the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 so that the cleaning device
The fur brush 40 is pivotally supported on the container body 4b of the container 4
The same drive source as the photosensitive drum 1 and the same as the photosensitive drum 1.
Make it rotate in the same direction. And fur brush 40
The waste toner from the fur brush 40 is attached to the container body 4b on one side.
-T 'is collected and sent to the container body 4b.
Attach the reaper 41. Thus, the fur bristles 40a of the fur brush 40 are
Since it is in contact with the photosensitive drum 1, this fur brush 4
When 0 is rotated, the residual waste toner T ′ on the photosensitive drum 1
Can be attached around the bristles 40a, which
Therefore, the photosensitive drum 1 is cleaned. So
Then, with the rotation of the fur brush 40, the soft bristles 40a
The waste toner T ′ that has adhered to the periphery of the
Is then stored in the container body 4b of the cleaning device 4.
It The charging roller 2 is charged when the photosensitive drum 1 is charged.
Even if the photosensitive drum 1 vibrates due to the vibration of
Cleaning device for cleaning device 4 that contacts optical drum 1
The rugged portion 4a is not a rigid body such as a cleaning blade,
The soft fur 40a prevents vibration of the photosensitive drum 1.
Without telling the cleaning device 4 side, the cleaning device 4 side
No secondary charging noise is generated. Therefore, the cleaning device 4 is provided.
In the process cartridge 5 and the image forming apparatus
Can minimize the generation of charging noise. still,
Set the process cartridge 5 in the anechoic chamber,
Noise was measured by the method of item 6 of ISO-77779.
The conventional one (process cartridge shown in FIG. 17)
In 5), noise that was close to 55 dB was reduced to 43 dB.
I was able to do it. Next, a second embodiment of the third invention will be described with reference to FIG.
I will explain. In addition, in FIG. 12, in the first embodiment
The same symbols are used for those having the same functions as those
The description is omitted below. In this embodiment, the cleaning device 4 is cleaned.
Attach the burning part 4a to the magnet brush 42 and doctor
And the charge roller 2 at the time of charging.
The generated vibration of the photosensitive drum 1 is transmitted to the cleaning device 4 side.
I am trying not to. That is, there is a slight gap with the photosensitive drum 1.
Cylindrical magnet composed of magnets as they are formed
The brush 42 is pivoted to the container body 4b of the cleaning device 4.
This magnet brush 42 is the same as the photosensitive drum 1.
It is rotated in the same direction as the photosensitive drum 1 by the driving source.
The proximity of the magnet brush 42 to the photosensitive drum 1
To the container body 4b on the downstream side in the direction of rotation from the
A small gap between the part and the magnet brush 42
A plate-shaped doctor blade 43 is attached. Thus, as the photosensitive drum 1 rotates,
The magnet brush 42 of the spinning device 4 is also the photosensitive drum.
Since it rotates in the state of being close to 1, the remaining amount on the photosensitive drum 1
The waste toner T'is magnetically attracted to the magnet brush 42 side.
Then, the photosensitive drum 1 is cleaned
It Then, the waste toner attached to the magnet brush 42
-T 'leaves a certain thickness with the doctor blade 43
Then, scraped off from this magnet brush 42,
It is collected in the container body 4b of the training device 4. When the photosensitive drum 1 is charged, the charging roller 2
Even if the photosensitive drum 1 vibrates due to the vibration of
Magnet brush 42 of photosensitive drum 4 and photosensitive drum 1
Since a gap is formed between them, the vibration of the photosensitive drum 1
Is not transmitted to the cleaning device 4 side,
The secondary charging noise does not occur on the side of the charging device 4. Servant
Therefore, also in this embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.
Obtainable. A noise test similar to that of the first embodiment
As a result, the noise was detected as in the case of the first embodiment.
The value could be reduced to 43 dB. Next, a third embodiment of the third invention will be described with reference to FIG.
I will explain. In addition, also in FIG. 13, in the first embodiment
The same symbols are used for those having the same functions as those
The description is omitted below. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
The cartridge 5 includes the photosensitive drum 1, the charging roller 2 and the developing device.
The transfer efficiency of the transfer roller 10 is configured by the device 3.
By raising the cleaning device
The charging roller is not provided in the trench 5 and is charged at the time of charging.
2 due to the vibration of the photosensitive drum 1 caused by
I made sure that no such charging noise is generated. In this case, the photosensitive drum
A little residual toner T ′ left on 1 causes transfer image
The disadvantage that some stains may occur occurs
However, since there is no cleaning device, a secondary charging noise
No more occurrences and no cleaning device
The advantage of being able to achieve downsizing and cost reduction of
Is generated. In this embodiment, the same noise as in the first embodiment is used.
When a sound test was conducted, the noise level was reduced to 40 dB.
I was able to do it. In the above first to third embodiments, the belt is
The waveform of the AC component of the bias voltage applied to the electric roller 2 is
In addition to the sine wave, any rectangular wave, triangular wave, etc. may be used.
The charging polarity of the optical drum 1 may be positive or negative
Of course. Also, reduce the number of process cartridges
Image with any of charging means, developing means and cleaning means
It is constructed by integrating the carrier (electrophotographic photoreceptor).
The device is detachably installed in the main body of the device.
1. In the process cartridge 5 according to the second embodiment
At least the image carrier and the cleaning means are integrated
It must have been done. <Fourth Invention> A first embodiment of the fourth invention is shown in FIG.
It will be explained based on. FIG. 14 shows a color laser beam according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the printer A, which is shown in the drawing.
Photosensitive drum 1, which is an image bearing member, is driven to rotate in the direction of the arrow.
Around the photosensitive drum 1 and a primary charger 2 and
The semiconductor laser 55, the scanner motor 56, the scanner model
A polygon mirror 57, which is driven to rotate by a motor 56,
The exposure means including the lens 58 and the mirror 59 is provided.
There is. Then, in the exposure means, the semiconductor laser 5
The light L emitted from 5 is scanned by the polygon mirror 57.
After passing through the lens 58 and the mirror 59, the photosensitive drum 1
It is irradiated and a latent image is formed on the photosensitive drum 1. The photosensitive drum 1 is surrounded by the photosensitive drum.
A developing device 3 is provided for converting the latent image on the frame 1 into a toner image.
Has been. This developing device 3 collects yellow Y toner.
Stored yellow developer 3Y and magenta M toner
Magenta developing device 3M, containing cyan C toner
Cyan developer 3C and black BK toner stored
It is configured to include a black developing device 3BK. On the other hand, the transfer material P is stored in the paper feed cassette 6.
Then, the paper is fed to the transfer drum 66 one by one by the paper feed roller 7.
Be transported. The transfer drum 66 includes a support 64 and the support 64.
And a dielectric film 65 wound around the body 64.
ing. The circumference of the transfer drum 66 is the maximum paper size.
When the transfer material P is wound around the transfer drum 66,
Transfer by the separation claw 62 between the rear end and the front end of the transfer material P
The size is set so that the material P can be separated.
It The transfer paper P on the transfer drum 66 is transferred.
The toner remaining on the photosensitive drum 1 without being
The separating device 62 removes it while the rolling device 4 removes it.
The transfer material P separated from the copying drum 66 is fixed to the fixing device 11
After it is fixed in the
Loaded on. By the way, in this embodiment, the photosensitive drums 1,
Primary charging device 2, developing device 3 (developing devices 3Y, 3M, 3C,
3BK) and cleaning device 4 are integrated into a process
The cartridge 5, which constitutes the cartridge 5.
The bag 5 is attached to and detached from the apparatus body 50. Next, the drive system of the printer A will be described.
Then, the drive motor 67 is provided on the output shaft of the drive motor 67.
Rotation is transmitted to gear 2G through gear 0G and gear 1G
To do. The rotation of the gear 2G is changed by the clutch 73.
Is transmitted to either gear 3G or gear 5G. That is,
The drive motor 67 is gear 0G → gear 1G → gear 2G → gear
Transmission of rotational force to the transfer drum 66 via the gear 3G → the gear 4G
Then, the transfer drum 66 is rotationally driven at a predetermined rotational speed.
It On the other hand, the drive motor 67 is applied to the clutch 73.
Therefore, the rotational force is gear 0G → gear 1G → gear 2G →
It is transmitted to the transfer drum 66 via the gear 5G and the gear 6G.
The drive path is switchable,
As a result, the transfer drum 66 is rotated at a higher speed.
Be moved. Further, in this embodiment, the drive motor 67
Is gear 0G → gear 1G → gear 7G → gear 8G → gear 9
The photosensitive drum 1 is rotationally driven via the G → gear 10G.
The teeth of each gear 0G, 1G, 7G, 8G, 9G, 10G
The number depends on the peripheral speed of the photosensitive drum 1 and the slower one of the transfer drum 66.
The peripheral speed is selected to be equal. Next, this color laser beam printer A is used.
The action of will be explained. First, the photosensitive drum 1 is charged by the primary charger 2.
Are charged to a predetermined polarity, and the photosensitive drum 1 is irradiated with the laser light L.
A first electrostatic latent image is formed on it. After that, in the developing device 3Y
The first electrostatic latent image is developed by the photosensitive drum 1
A yellow Y first toner image is formed on the upper surface. On the other hand, the transfer material P is fed at a predetermined timing.
The toner just before its tip reaches the transfer start position.
A transfer bias voltage of the opposite polarity is applied to the transfer drum 66.
When the first toner image is transferred onto the transfer material P,
In the meantime, the transfer material P is electrostatically attracted to the surface of the transfer drum 66.
Be done. After that, by the photo interrupter 1F
When the trailing edge of the transfer material P is detected, the clutch 73 is switched.
As a result, the peripheral speed of the transfer drum 66 is increased. Next
In addition, the tip of the transfer material P is fixed by the photo interrupter 2F.
If it is detected, the clutch 73 is switched and the transfer drive is
The peripheral speed of the drum 66 is made to match the peripheral speed of the photosensitive drum 1.
It Then, by the photo interrupter 3F
If the leading edge of the transfer material P is detected, the first latent image of magenta M
Is formed by the laser L, and the processing of the yellow Y is performed.
Similarly, development and transfer are performed. The above photo
The interrupter 3F is a surface of the photosensitive drum 1 and the transfer drum 66.
The laser beam L from the position B closest to the surface is exposed to the photosensitive drum.
The length on the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 up to the position C where exposure is performed on the drum 1.
Is installed at a position equal to Hereinafter, cyan C and black BK are referred to as the above
Processing is performed in the same manner as in the case of row Y and magenta M. That
After the black BK transfer is completed, the rear end of the transfer material P is
If detected by the toy interrupter 1F, the clutch 7
3 is switched and the peripheral speed of the transfer drum 66 is increased.
And the tip of the transfer material P is detected by the photo interrupter 2F.
Clutch 73 is switched at the time when the transfer drum
The peripheral speed of 66 is made to match the peripheral speed of the photosensitive drum 1.
When the transfer paper P reaches a predetermined position before the separating claw 62
The separation claw 62 is brought into contact with the surface of the transfer drum 66,
The transfer material P is separated from the transfer drum 66. In addition, separation claw
62 is until the trailing edge of the transfer material P leaves the transfer drum 66.
Keep contact with the transfer drum 66 and then roll it.
It leaves the copying drum 66 and returns to its original position. Next, the separated transfer material P is attached to the fixing device 1.
1 where the toner image is fixed and then the
The sheet is discharged to the outside and stacked on the sheet discharge tray 13. In the above embodiment, the photo interrupt
Photo 1 is detected before the printer 1F detects the trailing edge of the transfer material P.
If the tamper 3F detects the leading edge of the transfer material P,
The transfer mode is not changed by the latch 73.
Processing is performed at a constant peripheral speed of the ram 66. Next, a second embodiment of the fourth invention will be described with reference to FIG.
I will explain. In addition, in FIG. 15, shown in FIG.
The same elements are given the same reference numerals, and
Will not be described. In the present embodiment, the mask of the first embodiment is used.
Instead of the latch 73, the gear 5F and the gear 6G, a transfer drive
The gear 14G is provided inside the gear 66, and the gear 14G is a gear.
It is fixed on the shaft of the gear 4G and rotates together with the gear 4G. One
Therefore, the rotation of the motor 84 is
From the gears 11G to the gears 12G, 13 which are connected to the shaft of
It is transmitted to the transfer drum 66 via G and 14G, and
The ram 66 is rotationally driven in the direction of the arrow shown. The motor
The peripheral speed of the transfer drum 66 by 84 is set by the motor 67.
It is set to be higher than the peripheral speed when driven to rotate. The color laser beam according to this embodiment is described below.
The operation of the mulprinter A will be described. First, the photosensitive drum 1 is charged by the primary charger 2.
Are charged to a predetermined polarity. Then, the laser light L
A first electrostatic latent image is formed on the optical drum 1. Then develop
The first electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive drum 1 is developed by the device 3Y.
As a result, the first toner of yellow Y is formed on the photosensitive drum 1.
-An image is formed. On the other hand, the transfer material P is fed at a predetermined timing.
The toner just before its tip reaches the transfer start position.
A transfer bias voltage of the opposite polarity is applied to the transfer drum 66.
When the first toner image is transferred onto the transfer material P,
In the meantime, the transfer material P is electrostatically attracted to the surface of the transfer drum 66.
Be done. And to detect the type of paper feed cassette 6
The size of the transfer material P is determined from the
Judging the time when the transfer from the photosensitive drum 1 is completed,
Of the laser light L that forms the next latent image of magenta M
The inspection is started. When the scanning of the laser beam L is started
Of the transfer drum 66 and the photosensitive drum 1 from the front end of the transfer material P at
Outer peripheral length of the transfer drum 66 up to the closest portion B
From the closest position between the transfer drum 66 and the photosensitive drum 1.
The scanning position of the laser beam L on the photosensitive drum 1 from the portion B
Only the length obtained by subtracting the outer peripheral length of the photosensitive drum 1 up to the position C
The motor 84 is rotated so that the transfer drum 66 rotates excessively.
The transfer drum 66 is driven to increase the peripheral speed of the transfer drum 66. In addition,
The toner image of magenta M is transferred to drive the motor 84.
It seems to be completed by just before. Below, the processing for cyan C and black BK will be described.
However, the same process as above is performed to finish the transfer of black BK.
After the end, the motor 84 is moved so that the front end of the transfer material P is connected to the transfer drum 66.
Until just before reaching the closest part B of the photosensitive drum 1.
The peripheral speed of the transfer drum 66 is increased by driving it.
Similarly to the example, the transfer material P is separated, fixed, and ejected sequentially.
To do. In the above embodiment, the paper feed cassette 6
Discriminates the type of the
If the paper size is selected, it is necessary to drive the motor 84.
The operation of increasing the peripheral speed of the transfer drum 66 by
Perform conventional processing. As is apparent from the above description, the first invention is
According to this, the running inside each image forming apparatus main body with different image forming speed
The amount of exposure light from the inspection optical system to the electrophotographic photosensitive member determines the image formation.
Depending on the speed, the sensitivity is set to be approximately equal to the sensitivity of the electrophotographic photoreceptor.
Therefore, multiple process cartridges can be
It is said that an appropriate image can be formed at the image forming speed.
The effect is obtained. According to the second invention, one of the cleaning means
Since the light-shielding means is provided in the section, heat leaked from the fixing means
The source light is effectively shielded by the light shielding means, and the electrophotographic photoreceptor
Is effectively protected. According to the third invention, the cleaning means
Make up the leaning part with a fur brush or a magnet brush.
The image carrier vibrates due to the vibration of the charging member.
Even if the vibration of the image carrier is on the main body side of the cleaning means.
That the secondary charging noise is suppressed
The effect is obtained. According to the fourth invention, the transfer is not performed.
In particular, since the speed of the transfer material carrier is increased,
If the size of the transfer material is small, the image per
The effect that the image processing time is shortened is obtained.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an image forming apparatus according to a first embodiment of the first invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a laser scanner of the image forming apparatus according to the first embodiment of the first invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between an output of a semiconductor laser of a first electrophotographic printer and an exposure light amount on a drum surface of a photosensitive drum. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship between an output of a semiconductor laser of a second electrophotographic printer and an exposure light amount on a drum surface of a photosensitive drum. FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of an image forming apparatus according to a second embodiment of the first invention. FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the image forming apparatus according to the first embodiment of the second invention. FIG. 7 is a sectional view of an essential part of an image forming apparatus according to a second embodiment of the second invention. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a half-attenuation exposure sensitivity with respect to a wavelength of light of a photosensitive drum of an image forming apparatus according to a second embodiment of the second invention. FIG. 9 is a vertical sectional view of an image forming apparatus according to a third embodiment of the second invention. FIG. 10 is a vertical sectional view of a process cartridge for an image forming apparatus according to a third embodiment of the second invention. FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the image forming apparatus according to the first embodiment of the third invention. FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of a process cartridge according to a second embodiment of the third invention. FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of a process cartridge according to a third embodiment of the third invention. FIG. 14 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the color image forming apparatus according to the first embodiment of the fourth invention. FIG. 15 is a vertical sectional view of a color image forming apparatus according to a second embodiment of the fourth invention. FIG. 16 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an image forming apparatus according to a conventional example. FIG. 17 is a vertical sectional view of a process cartridge according to a conventional example. FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining a mechanism of generating a charging sound. [Description of Reference Signs] 1 photosensitive drum (image bearing member, electrophotographic photosensitive member) 2 charging roller (charging means) 3 developing device (developing means) 4 cleaning device (cleaning means) 4a cleaning unit 5 process cartridge 11 fixing device (fixing device) 11c Halogen heater (heat source for heating) 14 Laser scanner (scanning optical system) 15 Folding mirror (scanning optical system) 20 Tsuba (light-shielding means) 40 Fur brush 42 Magnet brush 50 Image forming apparatus main body 66 Transfer drum (transfer material carrying) Body) P transfer material

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location G03G 15/20 102 21/00 H04N 1/29 Z 9186-5C (72) Inventor Tatsunori Ishiyama Tokyo 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Koichi Hiroshima 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Hiroshi Sasame Ota-ku, Tokyo Shimomaruko 3-30-2 Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Tatsuichi Tsukita 3-30-2 Shimomaruko Ota-ku, Tokyo Incorporated Canon Inc. (72) Mana Takano 3 Shimomaruko Ota-ku, Tokyo Chome 30-2 Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Junichi Kato Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo 3-30-2 Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Hiroto Hasegawa Shita Ota, Tokyo Child 3-30-2 Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Masaki Ojima Shimomaruko Ota-ku, Tokyo 3-30-2 Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Hiroshi Sato 3 Shimomaruko Ota-ku, Tokyo Chome 30-2 Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Masaharu Okubo 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo No. 2 Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Tatsu 3-30 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo No. 2 within Canon Inc. (72) Hiroki Kizu 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Within Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Erika Asano 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Incorporated (72) Inventor Michihito Yamazaki 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. Within (72) Inventor Kazushige Sakurai 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. Within

Claims (1)

Claim: What is claimed is: 1. A process cartridge comprising at least one of a charging unit, a developing unit, a cleaning unit, and an electrophotographic photosensitive member, the process cartridge being attachable to and detachable from a plurality of image forming apparatus main bodies having different printing speeds. In addition to enabling the image formation at the image forming speed of each image forming apparatus main body side corresponding to the printing speed, the image forming speed from the scanning optical system in each image forming apparatus main body to the electrophotographic photosensitive member. An exposure light amount according to the above is set to be substantially the same as the sensitivity of the electrophotographic photosensitive member. 2. The sensitivity of the electrophotographic photosensitive member is 1 μJ /
The process cartridge according to claim 1, wherein the process cartridge has a size of not more than cm ² . 3. The developing means constitutes a sub-cartridge which can be attached to and detached from the process cartridge, or is arranged on the image forming apparatus main body side. Process cartridge. 4. The resolution of an image is made different for each main body of the image forming apparatus according to the image forming speed, and the spot diameter of the exposure light from the scanning optical system to the electrophotographic photosensitive member is changed according to this resolution. The process cartridge according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that 5. A common process cartridge comprising at least one of a charging unit, a developing unit, a cleaning unit, and an electrophotographic photosensitive member is detachable from a plurality of image forming apparatus main bodies having different printing speeds. In the image forming apparatus, the image can be formed by the process cartridge at each image forming speed corresponding to the printing speed, and the image is formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive member from the scanning optical system in each image forming apparatus main body. An image forming apparatus, wherein an exposure light amount according to a forming speed is set to be substantially the same as a sensitivity of an electrophotographic photosensitive member. 6. The electrophotographic photoreceptor has a sensitivity of 1 μJ / c.
The image forming apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the image forming apparatus has a size of m ² or less. 7. The developing device constitutes a sub-cartridge which is attachable to and detachable from the process cartridge, or is arranged on the image forming apparatus main body side. Image forming apparatus. 8. The resolution of an image is made different for each main body of the image forming apparatus according to the image forming speed, and the spot diameter of the exposure light from the scanning optical system to the electrophotographic photosensitive member is changed according to this resolution. 7. The method according to claim 5, wherein
The image forming apparatus described. 9. The process cartridge comprises a charging means, a developing means or a cleaning means, and an electrophotographic photosensitive member which are integrally formed into a cartridge, and the cartridge is provided to the main body of an image forming apparatus (eg, copying machine, LBP, etc.). The image forming apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the image forming apparatus is removable. 10. A main body of an image forming apparatus (for example, a copying machine, LBP, etc.) in which at least one of a charging unit, a developing unit, a cleaning unit and an electrophotographic photosensitive member are integrally formed into a cartridge in the process cartridge. The image forming apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the image forming apparatus is removable. 11. An electrophotographic photosensitive member, a transfer unit, a cleaning unit for the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and a fixing unit having a heating source, wherein the cleaning unit is provided on the fixing unit side of the electrophotographic photosensitive member. In the image forming apparatus, the electrophotographic photosensitive member has a half-attenuation exposure sensitivity of 3 cm ² / μJ or more with respect to the light wavelength of the heating heat source of the fixing unit.
Between the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the cleaning unit and the transfer unit side, a light-shielding unit for shielding the leaked heat source light from the fixing unit is provided between the electrophotographic photosensitive member and the fixing unit to expose the electrophotographic photosensitive member. An image forming apparatus characterized by being provided in the vicinity. 12. The image forming apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the light shielding unit is a part of the cleaning unit extended from the cleaning unit. 13. A heat source for heating a fixing unit, wherein at least one of a charging unit, a developing unit, a cleaning unit and an electrophotographic photosensitive member are integrally formed into a cartridge, which is detachably arranged in the main body of the image forming apparatus. In a process cartridge having a half-attenuation exposure sensitivity of 3 cm ² / μJ or more for the light wavelength of the electrophotographic photoconductor, the cleaning means provided on the fixing means side of the electrophotographic photoconductor transfers from the vicinity of the electrophotographic photoreceptor. A process cartridge characterized in that, on the means side, a shading means for blocking heat source light leaking from the fixing means is provided between the electrophotographic photosensitive member and the fixing means, in the vicinity where the electrophotographic photosensitive member is exposed. . 14. A charging member, to which a voltage having an AC component is applied, is brought into contact with the image carrier to charge the image carrier,
An image forming apparatus in which a developer remaining on an image carrier after transfer is removed by a cleaning unit, wherein the cleaning unit of the cleaning unit is configured by a fur brush or a magnet brush. 15. An image forming apparatus comprising: an image carrier charged by a contact type charging member to which a voltage having an AC component is applied, and a cleaning unit for cleaning at least a residual developer on the image carrier. A process cartridge which is detachably disposed in the main body of the apparatus, wherein the cleaning unit of the cleaning means is constituted by a fur brush or a magnet brush. 17. An image forming apparatus for obtaining a color image by transferring a color toner image formed on an image carrier onto a transfer material carried and conveyed on a transfer material carrier so as to obtain a color image. When the length of the material in the transfer material transport direction is shorter than the outer peripheral length of the transfer material carrier, the portion of the transfer material carrier from the rear end of the transfer material to the front end of the transfer material where the transfer material is not carried is the image carrier. The image forming apparatus is characterized in that the moving speed of the transfer material carrier is increased when the transfer material carrier is opposed to.