JPH06113792A - Dietary food - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the dietary food effective for the prevention of obesity. CONSTITUTION:The dietary food is characterized by containing a low fat or oil food component and an extract obtained from Gymnema sylvestre. The addition amount A of the extracted component is set to A<=2g per 100 g of the low fat or oil component. The extraction component exhibits an insulin secretion-inhibiting effect, and inhibits the increase in the body weight more than the lines a1 (the control group of hereditary obese rats) and b1 (the control group of normal rats) as to be shown on the lines a2 (the experiment group of hereditary obese rats) and b2 (the experiment group of normal rate) synergistically with the low fat or oil component.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a diet food, particularly a diet food effective in preventing obesity.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the average life expectancy of the people in Japan has remarkably extended and became the number one in the world, but with the extension of life expectancy, adult diseases have emerged as a new problem. It has been pointed out that three factors that cause adult diseases are lack of exercise, overnutrition, and mental stress, which are closely related to daily life. Especially for the prevention of adult diseases starting from obesity, it has been a long time since nutrition was demanded to improve eating habits. That is, low calorie diets are recommended, fat intake is reduced, or vegetable fats containing a large amount of unsaturated fatty acids are promoted even with the same amount of fat. There is no shortage of recommendations for water-soluble fiber and oat bran.

[0003]

Despite the demand for various dietary improvement measures as described above, the number of obese people is increasing rapidly. Even more surprising is the phenomenon of obesity aging. As evidenced by the fact that obesity is the basis of adult diseases, adult diseases such as diabetes, arteriosclerosis, and myocardial infarction in children are becoming younger.

In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide the diet food which can positively improve obesity in terms of eating habits.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems A diet food according to the present invention contains a low-fat food component and an extract component obtained from Gymnema sylvestre, and the amount of the extract component added per 100 g of the low-fat food component. A is characterized by A ≦ 2 g.

[0006]

[Function] One of the causes of obesity is overeating.
That is, insulin secretion is increased by overeating and hyperinsulinemia occurs as the degree of obesity increases. Furthermore, it is said that this reduces insulin sensitivity of cells in the body and causes hyperglycemia which is a cause of obesity. Hyperlipidemia also causes obesity.

Gymnema sylvestr
e) is a plant that grows naturally in India, Africa and China, and the extract obtained from its leaves or stems contains Gymnemaic acid along with impurities depending on the degree of purification, or consists of Gymnemaic acid alone, and its Gymnema Acid exerts an insulin secretion suppressing effect. However, this insulin secretion inhibitory effect does not appear unless the extract is absorbed while the extract is present in the intestinal tract.

Therefore, if a specific amount of the above-mentioned extracted component is added to a low-fat diet component, which is a low-calorie diet, even if the daily calorie intake is almost the same as the standard calorie intake, hyperinsulinemia that causes obesity It is possible to provide a highly effective diet food that can reduce symptoms such as illness, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia, which was not obtained by ingestion of a low-fat diet alone.

The above-mentioned effect of the extracted component is exhibited even when the added amount is extremely small. However, if the added amount A is A> 2 g per 100 g of the low-fat food component, bitterness is added to the diet food, which is not preferable.

Gymnemaic acid in the above-mentioned extracted components is used in low-calorie foods and drinks and has an action of suppressing absorption of sugar and the like from the intestinal tract. This point has already been proposed by the present applicant. (See Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-5023), therefore gymnemic acid is harmless to the human body.

[0011]

[Examples] This example describes the case where rats and adult dogs are used as test subjects. (1) Production of low-fat foods Table 1 shows the composition and the like per 100 g of a standard commercial feed (manufactured by Oriental Co., Ltd.).

[0012]

[Table 1] Table 2 shows the composition and the like per 100 g of the low-fat food component used in the examples.

[0013]

[Table 2] As is clear from comparing Table 1 and Table 2, the total intake energy of the low-fat food components used in the examples shown in Table 2 is almost the same as that of the commercial standard feed shown in Table 1,
The ratio R of the fat energy to the total intake energy of the low-fat diet component is R = 5.1%, which is adjusted to be half or less than that of the standard commercial feed.

The ratio R of fat energy is preferably set to R ≦ 10% in order to effectively exert the insulin secretion suppressing effect of the extracted component when used in combination with the extracted component.

Next, a method for producing the extracted component will be described.

First, the dried leaves of Gymnema sylvestre are soaked in hot water at about 60 ° C. for 5 hours or more, and then the rotation speed is 120.
It was gently spun down at 0 to 1300 rpm, and then the supernatant liquid from which the residue was removed was dried by a freeze-drying method (or a spray-drying method) to obtain a powdery hot water extract component GS. Furthermore, the hot water extract component GS was dissolved in water and the solution was adjusted to pH 3 to obtain an acidic extract component (crude gymnemic acid) GA. 100 g of the low-fat food component is the hot water extract component GS per 100 g of its weight.
0.005 g, 0.01 g and 0.1 g were added respectively to produce three kinds of diet foods D ₁ , D ₂ and D ₃ . (2) Weight Change Assay Normal Wistar female rats (hereinafter referred to as N-rats) and hereditary obese female Wistar rats (hereinafter referred to as O-rats) are commercially available in Table 1 The animals were raised for 9 weeks using the feed. These rats are set as a test group.

Then, each of the N-rat and O-rat test groups was fed with only the low-fat diet component shown in Table 2 in a limiting amount of 25 g per day and bred for 21 weeks. These rats serve as a control group.

The N-rat and O-rat test groups were each fed with a diet food D ₁ in a limited amount of 25 g per day, and were bred to increase body weight with increasing age of the rats. The diet foods D ₁ and D ₂ were sequentially switched to the same D ₂ and the same D ₃ in the same limited amount as above, and the diet foods were bred for 21 weeks. These rats are used as an experimental group.

FIG. 1 shows the relationship between age and body weight for the control group and the experimental group. In the figure, lines a ₁ and a ₂ relate to O-rats, line a ₁ to the control group and line a _1.
2 correspond to the experimental groups respectively. On the other hand, lines b ₁ and b ₂ relate to N-rats, line b ₁ corresponds to the control group, and line b ₂ corresponds to the experimental group. When the lines a ₁ and a ₂ and the lines b ₁ and b ₂ are compared, the experimental groups shown by the lines a ₂ and b ₂ for both the O-rat and the N-rat are the lines a ₁ and b ₁ . It is clear that weight gain is significantly suppressed over the indicated control group.

FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the age of the control group and the experimental group and the rate of weight increase inhibition. In the figure, line c is O-
In the case of the rat, the line d corresponds to the case of the N-rat, respectively. The inhibition rate of body weight gain was obtained by setting the weight of the control group as BW ₁ in O-rats or N-rats of each week,
Also, the difference between the weight BW _{1 of the} control group and the weight BW _{2 of the} experimental group,
That is, when BW ₁ −BW ₂ = ΔBW, (ΔBW / B
It is expressed as W ₁ ) × 100 (%). From FIG. 2, the average weight gain suppression rate (average value ± standard deviation value) is O
-3.50 ± 0.23% was confirmed for rats and 5.66 ± 0.31% for N-rats, and the inhibition rate was higher in N-rats than in O-rats. Turned out to be expensive. (3) Changes in Blood Concentrations of Glucose, Neutral Fat, and Total Cholesterol For each control group and each experimental group described in the above (2), blood was collected from the tail vein 12 hours after fasting every predetermined week, Blood levels of glucose, triglycerides and total cholesterol were measured.

Table 3 shows the relationship between age and blood glucose level for each control group and each experimental group. For comparison, the values for the 6-week-old test group are also shown.

[0022]

[Table 3] Finally, the 13-week-old experimental group was the diet food D.
₁ and also for the 21-week-old experimental group, the diet food D ₂
As a result, the diet group D ₃
It was bred using. From Table 3, O-rat and N-
It is clear that the blood glucose level of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group in all the rats.

FIG. 3 shows each control group and each experimental group.
3 shows the relationship between the age of the dog and the blood triglyceride concentration. Comparison
Therefore, the values for the 9-week-old test group are also shown. Line in the figure
e₁, E ₂Is for O-rats and the line e₁Is
Control group, line e₂Correspond to the experimental groups, respectively. one
Direction line f₁, F₂Is for N-rats and the line
f ₁Is the control group and line f₂Are the experimental groups
It In O-rats, both lines e₁And e₂Clear
As easy as possible, line e₂The experimental group indicated by is line e₁Indicated by
Blood levels of triglycerides increased with age as compared to the control group
It turned out to be greatly reduced. On the other hand, for N-rats
Both lines f₁And f₂From control group and experimental group
It was found that the blood triglyceride concentration remained almost unchanged
did.

FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the age of blood and the blood concentration of total cholesterol for each control group and each experimental group.
For comparison, the values for the 9-week-old test group are also shown. In the figure, lines g ₁ and g ₂ relate to O-rats, line g ₁ corresponds to the control group, and line g ₂ corresponds to the experimental group. On the other hand, the lines h ₁ and h ₂ relate to N-rats, the line h ₁ corresponds to the control group, and the line h ₂ corresponds to the experimental group. As is clear from both lines g ₁ and g ₂ and both lines h ₁ and h ₂ , the blood level of total cholesterol tended to be generally lower in the experimental group than in the control group. . (4) Sugar load test (OSTT = Oral Sucrose Toleran
ce Test) O-rats and N-rats were bred under the same conditions as described in (2) above, and 13-week-old control groups and experimental groups and 21-week-old control groups and experiments were conducted for each rat. A group was obtained. 13 weeks in the experimental group, eventually bred with Diet food D _2, whereas, 21 weeks old in the experimental group, finally, were housed with a diet food D _3. Each control group and each experimental group was orally administered with 2 g of sugar per kg body weight, and 0 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 120 minutes after administration.
Blood was sampled from the tail vein with time and the blood glucose level was measured.

Table 4 shows the 13-week-old control and experimental blood glucose levels for O-rats.

[0026]

[Table 4] In FIG. 5, both lines k ₁ and k ₂ represent the values in Table 4, and the line k ₁ corresponds to the control group and the line k ₂ corresponds to the experimental group. As is clear from Table 4 and FIG. 5 and lines k ₁ and k ₂ , it can be seen that the blood glucose level in each experimental group is significantly lower than that in each control group.

In FIG. 5, both lines m ₁ and m ₂ relate to N-rats, line m ₁ corresponds to the 13-week-old control group, and line m ₂ corresponds to the 13-week-old experimental group. Both lines m
_{When 1} and m ₂ are compared, it is clear that the blood glucose level in each experimental group of N-rats is significantly lower than that in each control group.

FIG. 6 shows the blood glucose level for each control group and each experimental group at 21 weeks of age. In the figure, lines n ₁ and n ₂ are O-
Regarding the rat, the line n ₁ corresponds to the control group, and the line n ₂ corresponds to the experimental group. On the other hand, the lines p ₁ and p ₂
Is for N-rats, line p ₁ is for the control group,
The line p ₂ corresponds to each experimental group. As is clear from both lines n ₁ and n ₂ and both lines p ₁ and p ₂ , the blood glucose level is lower in the experimental group than in the control group. It was confirmed that such a tendency for the blood glucose level is the same for the blood insulin level. (5) Glucose Tolerance Assay for Obese High-week-old Rats O-rats and N-rats were bred under the same conditions as those described in the above (2), and 20-30 of each rat was raised.
Weekly control and experimental groups were obtained. Each experimental group was finally bred with diet food D ₃ .

A sugar tolerance test (OSTT) similar to that described in the above item (4) was carried out for each control group and each experimental group of these high-aged rats, and 60% of them were obtained in the control group for O-rats. , But the experimental group for O-rats and the control and experimental groups for N-rats were healthy with no deaths.

The reason why such a result is produced is as follows. As shown in FIG. 6 and line n ₁ , the 60-minute blood glucose level was 239.8 ± 24.7 mg / dl in the control group for O-rats with mortality, but the 120-minute blood glucose level was 367. The value rose sharply to 6 ± 32.0 mg / dl, and the value continued. On the other hand, in the case of the experimental group involving O-rats, the 60-minute blood glucose level was 255.2 ±.
Although it is 18.0 mg / ml, its 120-minute value is 248.7.
It decreased to ± 23.0 mg / ml. The difference in the change in blood glucose level is the cause of the above experimental results,
Therefore, the cause of death in the control group for O-rats was diagnosed as cardiac arrest due to acute hyperglycemic dehydration associated with impaired glucose tolerance that occurred in the sugar tolerance test. (6) Acute experiment of blood insulin level The following glucose tolerance test (OGTT = Oral Glucose Tolerance Test) was carried out using a mixed breed dog fed an ordinary diet.
) Was done.

First, 1 g of glucose per kg of body weight was orally administered to a hybrid adult dog, and blood glucose and blood insulin levels were measured from the vein of the forelimb every 10 minutes from 0 to 60 minutes after administration. did. This serves as a control group. 1 g glucose / kg body weight and 25 mg / kg body weight in a similar adult dog
Was orally administered to the above-mentioned acidic extract component (crude gymnematic acid) GA, and the same measurement as above was performed after the administration. This is designated as experimental group (1). In addition, a mixture of 1 g of glucose per kg of body weight and 50 mg of the above-mentioned acidic extract GA per kg of body weight was orally administered to the same hybrid dog, and the same measurement as above was performed after the administration. This is designated as experimental group (2).

FIG. 7 shows the measured values from 0 to 60 minutes by the area value of insulin over time, and the line r shows 0 to 30.
The minute value and the line s correspond to the 30-60 minute value (however, the 30 minute value is not included). As is clear from FIG. 7, in both values, the area values of insulin in the experimental groups (1) and (2) were smaller than those in the control group, and the experimental groups (1) and (2) were compared. By comparison, the area value of insulin is smaller in the experimental group (2) using the mixture having a higher concentration of the acidic extract component GA than in the same case (1). From these results, it is clear that the acidic extract component GA exerts an insulin secretion inhibitory effect, and that the effect is more remarkable when the concentration of the acidic extract component GA is increased.

As is clear from the results of the various experiments, when a specific amount of the hot water extract component GS or the acidic extract component GA is added to the low-fat food component, the daily calorie intake becomes almost the same as the standard calorie intake. Even so, it is possible to provide a diet food that can alleviate the symptoms of obesity such as hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia. This diet food also has the effect of improving glucose tolerance.

Specific examples of diet foods are as follows. [Example-1] Table 5 shows the composition and the like per 100 g of the low-fat food component. This low-fat food component is the total intake weight 34 in the weighted average component table for hospital foods (Tokyo, 1984).
It was prepared on the basis of a food of 2 g and a total intake energy of 1583 kcal.

[0035]

[Table 5] In the production of diet food, the low-fat food ingredient 1
About 0.8 g of hot water extract component GS is added per 00 g. [Example-2] Table 6 shows the composition and the like per 100 g of the low-fat food component. This low-fat food component has substantially the same composition as a commercially available ultra-low-calorie food (trade name: Formula Diet).

[0036]

[Table 6] In the production of diet food, the low-fat food ingredient 1
About 0.3 g of the acidic extract component GA is added per 00 g.

The acidic extraction component GA is the hot water extraction component G.
Since the content of gymnemic acid per unit weight is higher than that of S, the effect of suppressing insulin secretion is high, and therefore, when the elimination of obesity is expected rapidly, it is effective to use the acidic extract component GA. Further, when the acidic extract component GA or the hot water extract component GS is added to the ordinary diet component and the high fat diet component, the corresponding effect can be obtained.

[0038]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a diet food capable of positively improving obesity in terms of dietary habits, in cooperation with a low-fat diet component and an extract component obtained from Gymnema sylvestre. You can

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between age and weight.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the age of a week and the weight gain suppression rate.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between weekly age and blood triglyceride concentration.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between age and blood level of total cholesterol.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between time and blood glucose level.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between time and blood glucose level.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing insulin / time for a control group, an experimental group (1) and an experimental group (2).

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] November 4, 1993

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0022

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0022]

[Table 3] Finally, the 13-week-old experimental group was the diet food D.
₁ and also for the 21-week-old experimental group, the diet food D ₂
As a result, the diet group D ₃
It was bred using. From Table 3, O-rat and N-
It is clear that the blood glucose level of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group in all the rats.

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0026

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0026]

[Table 4] In FIG. 5, both lines k ₁ and k ₂ represent the values in Table 4, and the line k ₁ corresponds to the control group and the line k ₂ corresponds to the experimental group. As is clear from Table 4 and FIG. 5 and lines k ₁ and k ₂ , it can be seen that the blood glucose level in each experimental group is significantly lower than that in each control group.

[Procedure 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0030

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

The following reason has produced such a result.
It depends on the reason. FIG. 6, line n₁Died, as shown in
In the case of the control group for O-rats in which
The 60-minute value is 239.8 ± 24.7 mg / dl,
The 120-minute value rapidly increased to 367.6 ± 32.0 mg / dl
However, the value is persistent. on the other hand,FIG. 6, line n ₂
As shown inBlood glucose in the case of the experimental group for O-rats
The 60-minute value is 255.2 ± 18.0 mg / ml,
The 120-minute value dropped to 248.7 ± 23.0 mg / ml
ing. This difference in changes in blood glucose level is
It is the cause of the test results and is therefore relevant to O-rats.
The cause of death in the control group was the impaired glucose tolerance caused by the sugar tolerance test.
The patient was diagnosed with cardiac arrest due to acute hyperglycemic dehydration. (6) Acute experiment on blood insulin level The following grapes were used in a mixed breed dog fed a normal diet.
Glucose tolerance test (OGTT = Oral Glucose Tolerance Test)
 ) Was done.

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0032

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

FIG. 7 shows the measured values from 0 to 60 minutes by the area value of insulin over time, and the line r shows 0 to 30.
The minute value and the line s correspond to the 30-60 minute value (however, the 30 minute value is not included). As is clear from FIG. 7, in both values, the area values of insulin in the experimental groups (1) and (2) were smaller than those in the control group, and the experimental groups (1) and (2) were compared. By comparison, the area value of insulin is smaller in the experimental group (2) using the mixture having a higher concentration of the acidic extract component GA than in the same case (1). From these results, it is clear that the acidic extract component GA exerts an insulin secretion inhibitory effect, and that the effect is more remarkable when the concentration of the acidic extract component GA is increased.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A low-fat diet component 10 comprising a low-fat diet component and an extract component obtained from Gymnema sylvestre.
The dietary food characterized in that the amount A of the extracted component added per 0 g is A ≦ 2 g. 2. The diet food according to claim 1, wherein the low-fat food component has a ratio R of fat energy to total intake energy of the low-fat food component of R ≦ 10%. 3. The amount A of the extracted component added is 0.005 g
The diet food according to claim 1 or 2, wherein ≤A.